Military Situation Research Articles

Analysis of the employment structure of ukraine’s population during the war

Structural shifts in employment in the modern Ukrainian economy are caused by factors such as the military situation, technological progress, demographic changes, and economic instability. These changes affect the sectoral, gender, and regional distribution of workers and require adaptation from labor market participants and social policies to ensure the stability and efficiency of employment. Addressing structural shifts in employment in Ukraine requires a comprehensive approach, which includes stimulating the development of new economic sectors, supporting entrepreneurship, modernizing education and training, and providing social protection for workers during reorientation and retraining processes. Such an approach will help achieve a balanced state of supply and demand in the labor market, thereby ensuring long-term societal protection and well-being.

Criminal liability for human trafficking in the context of the war in Ukraine: Challenges and impact

Martial law and travel restrictions for citizens aged 18 to 60 were introduced after Russia's actions against Ukraine, but exceptions to this rule quickly emerged due to the potential negative consequences for the economy, politics and humanitarian situation. Despite this, society still faces difficulties related to the restriction of fundamental human rights. The study is important because of the increase in criminal behaviour associated with illegal crossing of the Ukrainian border during the conflict. The effectiveness of measures to counter this phenomenon and the socio-economic consequences for Europe can be determined by comparing them to European standards. This comparative analysis will also help to develop recommendations for improving legislation and international cooperation in this area. The research methods used in this study include systemic and structural, formal legal, comparative legal, logical and semantic, dialectical, sociological, statistical, empirical, and analytical. The purpose of this study is to analyse criminal liability for illegal crossing of the State border of Ukraine in the context of the military situation and to identify ways to improve legislation and international cooperation to effectively counter this phenomenon.

QUALIMETRIC MODEL OF A HIGH-TECH INFORMATION AND MEASURING SYSTEM FOR THE PREPARATION AND CONDUCT OF TESTS

The issue of the report concerns the selection of information and testing equipment or a system that will be used for planning and conducting tests with minimal error and high efficiency. The complexity of consideration as a whole, when choosing the components of the information and measurement system and determining the qualitative measurement model determines the need to divide it into several stages and consider them separately. The stages of building a qualitative model of a high-tech information and measurement system for preparing and conducting tests are divided into: modeling stage; design stage; stage of implementation; interpretation stage. At the stage of determining the limitations, it should be taken into account in which division the tests are carried out, namely: by purpose; by the level of testing; by stages of product development; by testing finished products; according to the conditions and venue; by the duration of the tests; by type of action; by the result of the action; according to the characteristics of the object. The relevance of the work is the consideration of the stages of building a qualitative model of the information and measurement system in the difficult conditions of the military and political situation in Ukraine. The purpose of the work is to develop the technological aspects of qualitative modeling, as well as the stages of qualitative model examination. Additional results of the work can be – to obtain initial data (parameters); – to break down important indicators (parameters) according to their importance using an expert method; – to assess state and foreign requirements for the system for further work; – to assess and choose a direction based on the price indicator (factor) and duration of work or other indicators; – provide recommendations for making a decision regarding the construction of a qualitative model of the properties of the information and measurement system;–allow to improve (apply) the process of conducting tests of high-tech weapons and military equipment; – allow to use qualitative model databases to reduce preparation time to conducting tests of high-tech weapons and military equipment;–will allow to expand the directions for finding new features and providing recommendations in the further process of tests. The article builds a qualitative model (hereafter KM) of the formation (creation) of KM stages of the information and measurement system (hereafter IMS) at the preparatory stage of OVT tests. Stages of KM examination have been developed based on the current purpose of the tests, the required quantity and quality of recorded and measured indicators, the complexity of measurements and their analysis. Formulated KM efficiency indicators are as follows: minimal error; cost of equipment; equipment resource; others. The stages of selection of IBS components have been developed and the KM of assessment at the preparatory stage of tests has been determined. A model of quantitative quality measurement has been developed, taking into account possible errors and the provided, structural, technological aspects and stages of qualitative modeling. The most expedient tool for a systematic approach to decision-making during the construction of the IBS CM has been determined. The results of a similar review of literary sources of domestic and foreign scientists are presented. However, the insufficient development of the scientific basis for creating KM efficiency indicators is noted. The normative and real vectors of the creation of the CM are determined, which are laid down as important indicators of the effectiveness of the CM, by changing which it is possible to change the direction of the selection of the creation of the CM of the IAS.

Położenie polityczno-wojskowe Rzeszy Niemieckiej u progu II wojny światowej w świetle wykładu szefa wywiadu wojskowego pułkownika dyplomowanego Tadeusza Pełczyńskiego

After Adolf Hitler took power in Germany, the country was quickly remilitarised. Large-scale rearmament and expansion of the armed forces were closely monitored by the Polish military intelligence, which kept the supreme military authorities of the Second Polish Republic informed about the Third Reich’s preparations for war. The main task of the Second Department was to determine the probable date of the attack from this country. Already at the end of 1934, it was estimated that Germany would be ready for war within 6-8 years. The information reaching the headquarters of the “two” showed that at the turn of 1937 and 1938, the Third Reich’s preparations for a future armed conflict were intensified. At the end of the 1930s, the Second Department organized special lectures for senior commanders of the Polish army, presenting the military, political, economic and social situation of the Third Reich and the Soviet Union, i.e. the countries from which Poland faced the greatest danger. The idea was to make the senior command staff of the Polish Army acquainted with the current military and political situation of the Second Polish Republic and the scale of the threat from the two most dangerous neighbours. The presented lecture was delivered by the head of Polish military intelligence on November 29, 1937 in Rembertów and concerned Germany. It has great cognitive value because it allows us to understand the assessments of the Second Division regarding the military potential of the Third Reich and the expansion of the German armed forces. It is, in fact, a synthesis of the knowledge that the military intelligence of the Second Polish Republic had in 1937 about the German state ruled by the National Socialists.

SPATIAL JUSTICE: GEOGRAPHICAL CONCEPTUALIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF WAR IN UKRAINE

As a scientific category, spatial justice requires to be detailed and in-depth theoretical and methodological study, as well as empirical evaluation. Since representatives of different fields of knowledge offer their own definitions of spatial justice, it is impossible to have a systematic view of it, nor to place accents that are important for geo­graphers. The purpose of the study is to analyze and summarize approaches to the definition of “spatial justice”, to outline its main dimensions, and to clarify, through an online expert survey of geographers, the essence of the category and the focus of its study in the context of the military situation in Ukraine. The analysis of the literature and the results of an online survey of geographers on the nature of spatial justice in Ukraine revealed that justice is based on the principle of equal opportunities, which is worth striving for, given the objective geographical inequalities in living conditions, access to services, levels of mobility, etc. Even though the category of “spatial justice” has been defined by geographers in the past, it is not yet clear what the main dimensions of spatial justice are, and what the focus of its study should be. Although the category of spatial justice is most developed in Western countries, its implementation in war and post-war conditions in Ukraine is extremely necessary, especially since the injustice of war is exacerbated by its consequences. According to the majority of respondents, spatial justice can be interpreted as the achievement of a state in which the economic life of a given territory is subordinated to, or at least does not contradict, the interests of the local community, creating benefits and opportunities to meet production, cultural and other needs. In times of war, it is also a fair democratic process of sharing benefits and risks between territories. The definitions chosen by the majority of respondents can be the basis for the further development of theoretical, methodological, and practical tools for the formation of a platform for the implementation of the principles of spatial justice at different territorial levels.

Reservation of the heat supply system with biofuel heat energy sources

The implementation of the reservation of the heat supply system to a populated area was analyzed. It is noted that increasing the reliability of heat supply to consumers is a fundamental task, especially given the current military situation in Ukraine. The solution to this difficulty is considered when reserving heat supply by constructing a backup source of thermal energy using alternative types of fuel. A combined thermal scheme for connecting a hot water heat generator using biofuel to the existing city heat supply system is proposed to increase its reliability and survivability, which ensures the efficiency and reliability of operation of the heat supply system during the heating and summer periods. It is shown the possibility of operating a solid fuel heat generator with its power significantly less than the total heat load of the city's heating supply in several operating modes: during the heating period - for heating the return coolant at the inlet to the existing gas boiler house; in the summer period - for the needs of hot water supply in full; in the event of an emergency shutdown of a gas boiler house in winter - to maintain the viability of the heat supply system. The results of a calculation analysis of the operation of a 5,0 MW biofuel heat generator under different operating modes are presented. Heating the return coolant by 4...5 °C in winter, in addition to saving natural gas, prevents low-temperature corrosion of existing gas boilers. In the event of an emergency lack of natural gas supply, the combustion of wood chips ensures the production of thermal energy at the level of thermal losses of the heating network while maintaining the coolant temperature at least 3 °C at the calculated external air temperature. Thanks to the accumulation of thermal energy at night in the summer period in the volume of heating network pipes as a buffer tank, compensation for peak hot water consumption is provided with the available power of the solid fuel boiler house equal to the average load of the hot water supply system. When implementing a project to back up the heat supply system in Lutsk using a combined thermal scheme for connecting a solid fuel boiler house, an increase in the reliability and viability of the system and natural gas savings of 40,5% during a year of operation were achieved

Comparative Studies of Major Sea Routes

A large amount of cargo is transported between European and Southeast Asian countries. Ships sometimes take different routes when sailing between ports due to the best commercial speed; navigational, economical, and hydrometeorological conditions; and political and military situations. Several routes are available for sailing between Europe and Southeast Asia: sailing the Suez Canal, sailing around the African continent, sailing the Panama Canal, as well as sailing the Northern Sea route. This article analyzes the possible sailing routes between Southeast Asia and Europe and presents a developed methodology for the evaluation of sailing routes. This sea route evaluation methodology is based on a comparative mathematical model that evaluates the main factors of cargo transportation by sea: transportation cost and time, possible maximum ship parameters, transportation energy (fuel) demand, and other possible factors, such as the probability of various restrictions. This paper presents a case study of cargo transportation between Rotterdam (The Netherlands) and Shanghai (China) using different possible sea routes. Assessments of various possible routes are presented; the main topics of discussion and conclusions are formulated.

The dynamics of catching aquatic bioresources in the south of Ukraine: Analysis, challenges and prospects for their solution in the context of sustainable development

Given the significance of fish farming as a promising sector of Ukraine’s agriculture, and the Mykolaiv, Odesa, and Kherson regions are characterised by a significant number of natural and artificial water bodies, the study of aquatic bioresource catching indicators in the south is both important and timely. The research aimed to determine trends in aquatic bioresource catching in southern Ukraine during the period 2018-2023 and to analyse the factors influencing the extraction of aquatic bioresources. This article presents overall catch statistics, as well as catch data for inland waters of the south and aquaculture conditions over the past six years. It has been established that the catch of aquatic biological resources in southern Ukraine has been declining each year from 2018 to 2023. The negative trends in aquatic bioresource catching, both in aquaculture and natural water bodies, are linked to several factors. In particular, the decline in catches has been influenced by: COVID-19; the unstable military and political situation in Ukraine, associated with Russian military aggression; outdated material and technical base of fishing enterprises; lack of government subsidies and foreign investment in the sector; imperfections in the systems of control and regulation of the extraction of aquatic bioresources; and irrational use of the bioproductive potential of water bodies in southern Ukraine. Based on a scientific analysis of the dynamics of aquatic bioresource extraction in southern Ukraine and the identification of key factors contributing to the decline in catches, a set of measures has been developed to positively impact the fishing industry. These measures include: attracting foreign investment in fish farming; improving the quality of monitoring, regulation, and control over aquatic bioresource catching at local, regional, and state levels; restoring critical fish farming infrastructure damaged by Russian aggression; ensuring sustainable fisheries management; and introducing EU best practices into Ukrainian fish farming. The scientific results obtained from this research can be used in practice to ensure the sustainable development of fisheries in southern Ukraine

Military Situation Awareness: Ukrainian Experience

Situational awareness (SA) has become one of the key concepts in military sector. The Russian-Ukrainian war led to the development of information technology in Ukraine to manage troops and combat situations. The army was supported by numerous volun- teer initiatives involving IT professionals. As a result, Ukrainian army has received modern software solutions based on the principles of SA for use in real combat conditions. The purpose of the study is to analyse the development of military and civilian SA information sys- tems during the war between Russia and Ukraine. In the course of the study, the methods of system analysis of the problem of SA were used. The research classifies information solutions, assesses the dis- tribution of products by different classification sectors, and conducts a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of the developed products. Using the example of the most common solutions, the main features of existing software products and the technologies on which they operate were identified. Prospects for the development of solutions, their contribution to military manage- ment, and problematic issues are identified.

"BATTLE OF NARRATIVES" AS A MARKER OF HYBRID WARFARE (CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE INFORMATION SPACE OF THE KHARKIV REGION)

Since the Russian Federation’s full-scale incursion into our country, there has been a notable shift in the narrative landscape at the systemic, national and local levels. By analyzing the content of narratives, it may be possible to make predictions about what will happen in the real world. These could include things like the military situation, the possibility of shelling, and the topics and directions of communication at the international level. The aim of this article is to study the Ukrainian and pro-Russian narratives that have emerged in response to certain events of the hybrid war, with a view to gaining insights into how these narratives are shaping the information space of the Kharkiv region. The object of this study is to examine the battle of narratives as a potential marker of hybrid warfare. The subject is the cognitive confrontation between pro-Russian and Ukrainian narratives in the information space of the Kharkiv region. The study is based on the findings of a content analysis of the information space of the Kharkiv region carried out between January and March 2024, which involved the analysis of over 500,000 items. It is a significant contribution to the field of study that this is the first time the battle of narratives in a specific region of Ukraine has been analyzed in order to predict events (military and socio-political) in the real world. The study offers a theoretical contribution to the field by demonstrating the practical significance of scientific linguistic research in the context of Russia’s full-scale aggression against Ukraine. The practical significance of scientific research may be seen in the development of an algorithm for analyzing the battle of narratives" in order to predict events in reality. The research methodology involved a content analysis conducted on the basis of Big Data technology and a set of analytical algorithms from the Attack Index information and analytical service. This approach allowed us to determine the degree of information resonance or danger of information flows on selected topics/personalities. It has been proven that Russian propaganda tries to transport a number of destructive narratives from the Russian media space into the Ukrainian one: "The Russian Federation is occupying Kharkiv, repeated attacks on Kharkiv and Kyiv are possible"; "A large-scale mobilization will take place in Ukraine to replenish the “catastrophic” gates"; "Russia seized the initiative on all fronts" and others. Kharkiv media during the mentioned period won the battle of narratives, using the following strategies: ignoring Russian narratives aimed at causing citizens a sense of hopelessness and a desire to surrender the city to the enemy; promotion of positive regional therapeutic narratives "Kharkiv is my city", "Kharkiv will stand, it is necessary to unite to oppose the enemy" and national — "Shocking of Kharkiv and other cities of Ukraine is a war crime". It seems that further study of the systemic organization and use of narrative discourse in hybrid confrontation could prove beneficial.

Incorporating specific sambo exercises into distance learning for high school students aged 15-16

Background and Study Aim. The military situation in Ukraine necessitates a revision of the school class organization system. Proximity to the military contact line forces schools to switch to online learning. Additionally, there is a decrease in physical activity among school students. In these conditions, it is important to explore the effectiveness of using specific sambo exercises to develop physical qualities in high school students during distance learning. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of such application of sambo exercises for the development of physical qualities in high school students in a distance learning format. Materias and Methods. The study involved tenth-grade students (n=15), aged 15-16 years. Data collection was conducted through surveys using Google Forms and testing to determine physical quality indicators. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks (with sessions three times a week), during which specific sambo exercises were applied in a remote format during physical education lessons. Results. The study results showed that 80% of the students were interested in implementing a new module - sambo - in physical education lessons. Correlational links were established between the results of the exercises and indicators of strength, flexibility, and coordination. Moreover, there was a significant improvement in the test results for coordination, flexibility, and strength, averaging 20%. Conclusions. The study results indicate significant interest among high school students in implementing specific sambo exercises in a distance learning environment. This is confirmed by the high percentage of students who expressed a desire to practice sambo during physical education lessons.

Терек и Дагестан на рубеже 1917-1918 гг. в описании генерала А.И. Деникина

The article touches upon the topics related to the reflection of the development of the revolution and the Civil War in the Tersk-Dagestan region at the turn of 1917-1918 in the description of General A.I. Denikin in the 2nd volume of “Essays of the Russian Troubles”. The author examines a wide range of issues related to the revolutionary process in the North Caucasus after the Bolshe-viks seized power. The emphasis is on the fact that, due to historical, territorial, and national qual-ities, one of the first anti-Bolshevik hubs was established in the former Russian Empire’s south-east. Because of historical peculiarities of the region’s development in the period 1917-1920, rela-tions between the Terek Cossacks and nonresidents, and the Terek Cossacks and Ossetians, Che-chens and Ingush intensified. To understand the regional alignment of forces, General A.I. Denikin gave brief characteristics of local peoples and their role in revolutionary events. On the one hand, the emphasis is placed on the indomitable, superficial Bolshevism of the mountain peoples who used the revolutionary restructuring of Russian society for self-serving interests, on the other hand, the passive role of the Terek Cossacks was noted, on which, including General A.I. Denikin, hopes were pinned in the fight against regional Bolshevism. Separately, General A.I. Denikin con-sidered two regional attempts to create an interregional military-political movement against the Bolshevization of the North Caucasus. The first concerned the created in May 1917 Union of the United Highlanders of the North Caucasus and Dagestan, later, in December 1917, joined forces with the Terek Cossack government and formed the Provisional Terek-Dagestan Government headed by the Terek ataman M.A. Karaulov. The second attempt, which concerned the creation of a wider representation of the South-Eastern Union in September 1917, seemed to General A.I. Denikin more promising, however, because of prevailing military and political situation in revolu-tionary Russia in the autumn of 1917, it failed. Separately, it is worth noting the regret that the general reflected on the pages of his memoirs due to the fact that a real opportunity was missed to unite the White Guards and the mountain liberal movement into a single anti-Bolshevik camp.

. Medical waste management and disposal in emergency military service situations

The article aims to analyze and justify the need for improving the safety system for handling and recycling medical waste in order to optimize the medical waste management in emergency situations of military service. The legal acts of the Russian Federation and the regulatory acts of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation providing for the service safety requirements for military personnel, including the medical waste management system and their disposal, were analyzed. The concept of medical waste and its role in the structure of production and consumption waste was explored. The features of medical waste management in military emergencies were identified. The requirements for medical waste disposal plants, including productivity, compactness, reliability, safety for the personnel and the environment and mobility, were specified. A high-temperature installation for the medical waste disposal was developed, its technical characteristics and examples of positive testing in medical institutions were identified. The analysis and the results obtained are an obligatory condition for improving the medical waste management system in emergency military situations.

Characteristics of the qualification of exceeding authority or official authority by a military official personal by subjective characters

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to improve the legal regulation of the activities of military personnel in the context of the modern political, social and military situation, which requires careful consideration of issues related to their compliance with the law and the preservation of law and order. The main purpose of the study is to analyze and clarify the criteria for the legal qualification of exceeding the power or official authority of a military official on subjective grounds. Within the framework of this analysis, subjective signs of exceeding power or official authority are considered, in particular, awareness of the socially dangerous nature of the committed actions, the compliance of these actions with regulatory and legal acts, the consequences of violations and their connection with the official position. The study also considers the possibility of the emergence of an ideal set of criminal composition in case of committing several offenses in one act. The obtained conclusions will contribute to clarifying the qualification of offenses and understanding the ratio of illegal actions of a military official and their consequences. The methodological basis of the research is based on the analysis of normative legal acts, law enforcement and jurisprudential analysis, as well as on the analysis of judicial practice. The use of these methods allows for a detailed analysis of issues related to the legal qualification of the criminal offense provided for in Art. 426-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The results of the study can be useful for legislators, law enforcement agencies, military groups and judicial authorities. They will help to improve the legal regulation of the activities of military officials, ensuring the preservation of law and order and legality in this area of legal relations. The practical significance of this study also lies in the correct application of the norms of criminal legislation during the investigation of the abuse of power or official authority by a military official. In the conclusions, it is proposed to supplement Art. 426-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

Меры российских властей по развитию здравоохранения на Северо-Западном Кавказе в 20–30-е годы XIX века

The measures taken by Russian authorities to solve epidemic problems in the North-West Caucasus in the 1820s-1830s are considered. The landscape and climate features of the region, the difficulties of acclimatization of the personnel of the Russian Army, and the unstable military and political situation hindered the development of healthcare in this territory. The losses of the Russian Army personnel from diseases were greater than on the battlefields. To overcome the difficulties that arose, the authorities took a set of measures aimed at creating medical institutions, pharmacies, and a quarantine system. Methods for disease prevention were developed and implemented. First of all, attention was paid to sanitary and hygienic procedures, nutrition appropriate to the needs of a weakened organism, introduction of clothing and footwear suitable for the local climate. An extensive network of quarantine outposts was created to prevent the spread of epidemics. Doctors were sent to the region to provide assistance to those in need, regardless of their nationality. All this made it possible, if not to completely normalize the epidemiological situation, then to significantly reduce the risk of the spread of virulent diseases.

FEATURES OF TERRITORY MANAGEMENT DURING MARITAL STATE IN UKRAINE

The article discusses the current problems of territory management in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war, which has been going on for two years. A description of the real state of territorial communities is offered, their problems caused by the war are outlined. A cluster model of the distribution of territorial communities depending on the situation during the war is presented. Possible ways of solving the main problems arising in the management of territories during martial law are determined. The article emphasizes that Russia's war against Ukraine, which has been going on for two years, has become the sharpest and most dangerous test of Ukrainian society since independence. Virtually all state and public institutions and organizations, government and executive institutions underwent significant changes in form and content. This especially applies to territorial communities, which, despite their short existence, have actually become the centers of the reconstruction of Ukrainian civil society on the lines of martial law. Territorial communities shouldered the main burden of volunteer assistance to the Armed Forces of Ukraine and territorial defense, reception and accommodation of forced migrants, provision of humanitarian aid, educational, medical, legal, communal services, organization of business and employment, as well as mobilization work. The article notes that under the conditions of martial law, the forms and content of territory management activities, in particular municipal management bodies, have changed: military-civilian administrations have appeared in regions and former districts. During the two years of the war, the functions and boundaries of the administrative activities of local self-government bodies were agreed upon, taking into account the challenges that were caused by the full-scale aggression of Russia. The article notes that the burden of the war had the greatest impact on the stability and vitality of territorial communities. Despite the fact that today it is generally possible to positively evaluate the administrative-territorial reform that was carried out on the eve of the war, territorial communities are in unequal conditions of life, have different possibilities of functioning, and require management decisions that are adequate to the real situation. The article emphasizes that the primary task at the moment is to improve relations between the central government and local self-government bodies, taking into account the actual military, economic, demographic, social, political, and humanitarian situation. We are talking about a significant expansion of the powers of territorial communities in all spheres of social life. It is impossible to rule in wartime by peaceful methods. This is all the more important because the administrative and territorial reform depends on the results at the front.

South African Responses to New Soviet Air Defence Systems in Angola in the 1980s

Because of its air superiority during the counter-insurgency conflict against the South West Africa People’s Organisation, the South African Air Force had neglected to build up modern air and counter-air defences. When Soviet air defence systems were therefore deployed in Angola in the 1980s, they were forced to reconsider their tactics and responses to the war. The Soviet systems included early warning networks, surface-to-air missiles and anti-aircraft guns to cover troops advancing in the field, and fighter aircraft. While this build-up was also observed in the neighbouring Southern African countries and had the appearance of a purely defensive stance, given Soviet air defence doctrine, South Africa viewed this as the first steps to offensive actions in Angola and possibly Namibia (then South West Africa) and the start of a dangerous escalation in the military situation. In response, the SADF adopted a strong defensive stance and improved its own air defence capabilities to ensure that it was not outclassed. The South African Air Force also introduced new tactics. These included the introduction of toss-bombing, making greater use of precision-guided missiles and bombs, and investing more in research in terms of missiles and new technology for their aircraft.

Peculiarities of training Teams of Higher Military Educational Institutions in Military pentathlon for Competitions of various ranks in the conditions of a limited period of training

Today, it has become traditional in Ukraine to hold competitions of various ranks in military applied sports, namely: military sports all-around, officer triathlon, polyathlon, hand-to-hand combat, official triathlon among representatives of the institutions of the security and defense sector of Ukraine. The study was carried out in accordance with the plan of research and development work of the department of special physical and combat training of the National Academy of the Security Service of Ukraine (initiative scientific project «Triathlon Service, 2021-2024»). In the process of research and analytical work, members of the research group used the following research methods: idealization, formalization, axiomatic, historical and logical, descent from concrete. As a result of the research, the members of the research group determined the specifics of the formation of the personnel reserve and the training of the national team of the National Academy of the Security Service of Ukraine in official triathlon for competitions of various ranks (in the conditions of a limited period of preparation). It is necessary to emphasize that the components of the selection work defined by us in the direction of staffing national teams from service-applied all-around events are characteristic of other higher military educational institutions (HMEI). Prospects for further research in the chosen direction of scientific intelligence include the development of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of male and female cadets of HMEI. who specialize in official triathlon for competitions of higher ranks (taking into account the peculiarities of the military situation).

Putting the ready in readiness: A post hoc analysis of surgeon performance during a military mass casualty situation in Afghanistan.

All military surgeons must maintain trauma capabilities for expeditionary care contexts, yet most are not trauma specialists. Maintaining clinical readiness for trauma and mass casualty care is a significant challenge for military and civilian surgeons. We examined the effect of a prescribed clinical readiness program for expeditionary trauma care on the surgical performance of 12 surgeons during a 60-patient mass-casualty situation (MASCAL). The sample included orthopedic (four) and general surgeons (eight) who cared for MASCAL victims at Hamad Karzai International Airport, Kabul, Afghanistan, on August 26, 2021. One orthopedic and two general surgeons had prior deployment experience. The prescribed program included three primary measures of clinical readiness: 1, expeditionary knowledge (examination score); 2, procedural skills competencies (performance assessment score); and 3, clinical activity (operative practice profile metric). Data were attained from program records for each surgeon in the sample. Each of the 60 patient cases was reviewed and rated (performance score) by the Joint Trauma System's Performance Improvement Branch, a military-wide performance improvement organization. All scores were normalized to facilitate direct comparisons using effect size calculations between each predeployment measure and MASCAL surgical care. Predeployment knowledge and clinical activity measures met program benchmarks. Baseline predeployment procedural skills competency scores did not meet program benchmarks; however, those gaps were closed through retraining, ensuring all surgeons met or exceeded the program benchmarks predeployment. There were very large effect sizes (Cohen's d ) between all program measures and surgical care score, confirming the relationship between the program measures and MASCAL trauma care provided by the 12 surgeons. The prescribed program measures ensured that all surgeons achieved predeployment performance benchmarks and provided high-quality trauma care to our nation's service members. Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level IV.

An essential characteristic of the economic security of the state

An essential characteristic of the economic security of the state