Military Mobile Ad-hoc Networks Research Articles

CSMCSM

Many MANET research works are based on the popular informal definition that MANET is a wireless ad-hoc network that has neither infrastructure nor backbone and every network node is autonomous and moves depending on its mobility. Unfortunately, this definition pays no attention to the network servers that are essential in core-based, mission-critical, and military MANETs. In core-based MANETs, external intrusion detection systems (IDS) cannot detect internal Byzantine attacks; in addition, internal Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) systems are unqualified to detect typical external wireless attack. Therefore, there is a real need to combine both internal and external mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) ID systems. Here, CSMCSM is presented as a two-level client server model for comprehensive security in MANETs that integrates internal and external attack detectors in one device. The internal component is based on a BFT consensus algorithm while the external component employs decision tree to classify the MANET attacks.

An Improved Load Balanced Connection Aware Clustering Hierarchy Protocol for Military Application in Mobile Ad Hoc Network

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are expected to play an important role in military networks by providing infrastructure less communication. However, maintaining secure and instant information sharing is a difficult task especially for highly dynamic military MANETs. Different solution proposed for scaling own the large size of military ad hoc network, one of the most intrinsic approaches is clustering techniques which evolved an important role in military mobile ad hoc networks. Clustering can be used for load balancing to extend the lifetime of ad hoc network by reducing energy consumption and increase network scalability. And the cluster one node works as a cluster head and coordinates all the activities such as routing. In this study, an Improved Load Balanced Connection Aware (ILBCA) clustering hierarchy protocol is presented for MANET that leads to cluster formation in military application. The protocol launches two consecutive phases called setup and steady-state. In setup phase, cluster heads and relay nodes as well as the path between member node from cluster and cluster head are determined. In steady-state phase, network data is collected from member nodes and transmitted to cluster head according to the topology which is determined in the same round. Simulated tests indicate that the ILBCA clustering hierarchy protocol can build more balanceable clustering structure, enhance the network life cycle and energy efficiency.

A Survey on Trust Management for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Managing trust in a distributed Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is challenging when collaboration or cooperation is critical to achieving mission and system goals such as reliability, availability, scalability, and reconfigurability. In defining and managing trust in a military MANET, we must consider the interactions between the composite cognitive, social, information and communication networks, and take into account the severe resource constraints (e.g., computing power, energy, bandwidth, time), and dynamics (e.g., topology changes, node mobility, node failure, propagation channel conditions). We seek to combine the notions of "social trust" derived from social networks with "quality-of-service (QoS) trust" derived from information and communication networks to obtain a composite trust metric. We discuss the concepts and properties of trust and derive some unique characteristics of trust in MANETs, drawing upon social notions of trust. We provide a survey of trust management schemes developed for MANETs and discuss generally accepted classifications, potential attacks, performance metrics, and trust metrics in MANETs. Finally, we discuss future research areas on trust management in MANETs based on the concept of social and cognitive networks.

An efficient and non-interactive hierarchical key agreement protocol

The non-interactive identity-based key agreement schemes are believed to be applicable to mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) that have a hierarchical structure such as hierarchical military MANETs. It was observed by Gennaro et al. (2008) that there is still an open problem on the security of the existing schemes, i.e., how to achieve the desirable security against corrupted nodes in the higher levels of a hierarchy? In this paper, we propose a novel and very efficient non-interactive hierarchical identity-based key agreement scheme that solves the open problem and outperforms all existing schemes in terms of computational efficiency and data storage.

A Survey on Trust Management for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANETs) is a Collection of mobile nodes connected with wireless links. MANET has no fixed topology as the nodes are moving constantly form one place to another place. All the nodes must co-operate with each other in order to route the packets. Cooperating nodes must trust each other. In defining and managing trust in a military MANET, we must consider the interactions between the composite cognitive, social, information and communication networks, and take into account the severe resource constraints (e.g., computing power, energy, bandwidth, time), and dynamics (e.g., topology changes, mobility, node failure, propagation channel conditions). Therefore trust is important word which affects the performance of MANET. There are several protocols proposed based on the trust. This paper is a survey of trust based protocols and it proposes some new techniques on trust management in MANETs.

A new multi-tier adaptive military MANET security protocol using hybrid cryptography and signcryption

Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) are expected to play an important role in tactical military networks by providing infrastructureless communication. However, maintaining secure and instant information sharing is a difficult task especially for highly dynamic military MANETs. To address this requirement, we propose a new multi-tier adaptive military MANET security protocol using hybrid cryptography and signcryption. In our protocol, we bring novelties to secure military MANET communication for three main points: Cryptographic methods used in MANETs, hybrid key management protocols and structural organization of the military MANETs. As a new approach, we use hybrid cryptography mechanisms and Elliptic Curve Pintsov-Vanstone Signature Scheme (ECPVSS) that provide security and performance advantages when compared to some traditional cryptographic methods. Furthermore, multi-leveled security approach of our protocol provides adaptive solutions according to the requirements of different military units in the MANET. We also use a hybrid key management technique that combines the benefits of both decentralized protocols with single point of failure resistivity and centralized protocols with low rekeying cost. Last, the proposed network structure facilitates certification and key management for the MANET by providing flexibility for Mobile Backbone Network (MBN) tiers.

Key Challenges of Military Tactical Networking and the Elusive Promise of MANET Technology

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are considered by many as fundamental to realizing the global information grid (GIG) and the vision of network-centric warfare. Indeed, a fully realized MANET would be powerful in enabling highly mobile, highly responsive, and quickly deployable tactical forces. However, significant technical challenges remain before this realization is viable. Addressing these deficiencies is a significant task that will require the invention and adoption of new technology. The goal of this article is not to declare these capabilities impossible to achieve. Rather, it is to manage the expectation of the capabilities achievable in the foreseeable future through edification on the technical difficulties standing between current technology and the desired capabilities. This article provides an overview of the military MANET problem space, describing the ideal military MANET solution. Several deficiencies are highlighted that exist between MANET technologies and the desired capability. Identified technical issues include system-level architecture, routing (both interior and exterior), management, security, and medium access control (MAC), with an emphasis on the former two areas

From battlefields to urban grids: New research challenges in ad hoc wireless networks

There has been much talk over the past two decades about commercialization of the mobile ad hoc network (MANET) technology. Potential ad hoc network applications with some commercial appeal are now finally emerging, “drafted” by the enormously successful wireless LAN technology. Closely coupled to commercial applications and critically dependent on commercial ad hoc networks will be the “pervasive computing” applications. Since military and civilian emergency MANETs have been around for over three decades, and since the Government has continuously supported MANET research for as many years, it may seem natural to assume that all the research has already been done and that commercial MANETs can be deployed by simply leveraging the military and civilian research results. Unfortunately, there is a catch. Commercial MANETs (and therefore pervasive computing applications) will evolve in a way totally different from their military counterparts. Most importantly, they will start small, and will initially be tethered to the Internet. They will be extremely cost-aware. They will also need to cater to a variety of different applications. This is in sharp contrast with the large scale, autonomous, special purpose and cost insensitive military networks. In this paper we review a typical “battlefield” MANET application and contrast it to two emerging commercial MANET scenarios—the urban vehicle grid and the Campus network. We compare characteristics and design goals and make the case for new research to help kick off commercial MANETs. In particular we argue that P2P technology will be critical in the early evolution of commercial MANETs and identify research directions for P2P MANETs.