Middle Ranks Research Articles

Assessing regional disparities and vulnerability in stroke care across Gyeonggi Province: A focus on hospital service areas

BackgroundThis study aims to illuminate regional disparities and identify vulnerable areas in stroke care across Gyeonggi Province's hospital service areas. MethodsUsing data from the Korea National Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease Management Commission, we included 4,427 acute stroke patients admitted in 2018 to hospitals within Gyeonggi Province. Our evaluation focused on: 1) stroke care quality indicators, including rates of defect-free care, intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), and acute reperfusion therapy (either IVT or EVT); 2) intra-regional treatment rates; and 3) one-year mortality across the province and its 12 hospital service areas. These were compared both with national averages and inter-regionally. Vulnerable areas were pinpointed by evaluating the number of quality indicators falling below the national average and through visual distribution mapping, categorizing each indicator into higher (ranks 1-4), middle (ranks 5-8), and lower (ranks 9-12) tiers. ResultsDespite fewer qualified stroke centers and specialists, Gyeonggi Province exhibited higher defect-free care rates (84.6 % vs. 80.7 %), intra-regional treatment rates (57.8 % vs. 51.0 %), and marginally lower one-year mortality (16.2 % vs. 17.3 %) compared to national averages. Notable regional disparities were observed; the highest-performing areas for defect-free care and acute reperfusion therapy exceeded the lowest by 1.4 and 3.3 times, respectively. Nine out of twelve areas fell below the national average for EVT rates, seven for IVT and reperfusion therapy rates, and five for intra-regional treatment rates. Pyeongtaek, with all stroke care quality indicators below the national average coupled with the highest one-year mortality, emerges as a critical area needing improvement in acute stroke care. ConclusionThis study not only exposes the regional disparities in stroke care within Gyeonggi Province's hospital service areas but also identifies areas most vulnerable. Consequently, a customized support strategy for these areas is imperative.

Foreign experience of implementing ethical values in the anti-corruption policy of private and public sector organizations

The author analyzed and systematized the experience of foreign countries regarding the peculiarities of the implementation of ethical values in the anti-corruption policy of private and public sector organizations. Senior management when implementing anti­corruption standards, regardless of the form of ownership of the organization, when making management decisions, should be guided by their own ethical beliefs regarding their actions, display of integrity, ethics, influence on employees of lower management levels regarding the example of the prevalence of anti-corruption standards when making management decisions. The importance of the Codes of Ethics in encouraging the top management of the USA, EU, and Great Britain in the formation of organizational ethics and the reputation of international companies was established, and the strategic importance of leadership in the prevention of corruption in the formation of anti-corruption programs and the fight against corruption risks was determined in his work on leadership in the prevention of corruption. The experience of the USA, the EU, and Great Britain has shown that compliance with ethical behavior by the middle and lower ranks and, accordingly, the reduction of corruption risks, is mainly implemented taking into account the example set by the management in conducting the company's business. It has been found that the main ways of creating an ethical atmosphere are: establishment of values and principles of the organization, approval of Codes of Ethics, internal control, accountability, regular informing and holding of training events by the management with its mandatory participation regarding ethical values, trust in the management and its personal compliance on issues of corporate ethics in the absence of an ethics officer position. The practice of management implementation of ethical values in the anti-corruption policy of public authorities in Australia has shown that the ways of such implementation can be: the introduction of external control procedures open to the public, as well as confidential reporting procedures for senior management. The experience of Liberia, Kenya, and Georgia regarding leadership and corruption in the management of companies and in the public service as one of the main causes of civil wars is analyzed. Positive practices regarding the use of anti-corruption policy and the establishment of the role of leaders in the management of African countries have become the implementation of anti-corruption policy and strategy in the top management of countries, decentralization of power and the practice of identifying and returning illegally obtained funds of government officials to state accounts. The author summarizes effective ways of implementing ethical values in public sector organizations, using the example of Georgia, namely: political loyalty of management in the field of management in the fight against corruption; implementation of e-governance and e-services, long-term investments in building a corporate ethical culture, implementation of a mechanism for direct access to information on combating bribery to the company's top management, and encouraging employees to report suspicious activity related to corruption. Using the example of Estonia, the peculiarities of the role of management in overcoming corruption, the implementation of anti-corruption initiatives, certain trends regarding the role of the leadership of the law enforcement sphere in anti-corruption policy have been established. Estonian legislation has formed trends regarding the identification of the role of management in the formation of anti­corruption culture in law enforcement agencies through organizational views on corruption and the views of managers on overcoming corruption, in particular: the openness of top management to discussing anti-corruption issues in relation to their own organizations; focus on the organizational culture of non-perception of corruption starting from the top management level; integration into everyday practice of existing ethical standards; prevention of corruption risks associated with senior officials of organizations.

The development of global environmental concern during the last three decades

The environmental concern of a country's population is an important prerequisite for addressing environmental problems, foremost reducing CO2 emissions and limiting global warming. In this paper, we analyze the development of environmental concern by using the newest wave of the environmental module of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) for 29 countries. First, we discuss the measurement of environmental concern and construct a ranking of countries according to the 2020 survey results. Second, we analyze the determinants of environmental concern by employing multilevel models that take individual effects as well as context effects into account. The results show that environmental concern has increased in almost all nations since the last measurement in 2010. The country ranking is headed by European nations such as Switzerland, France and Germany. The USA takes a middle position and China ranks number 20. We observe more variance within countries at the individual level as compared to the differences between countries. At the individual level, environmental concern is closely related to education, post-materialistic values, political attitudes, and individuals' trust in the news media and in science. At the country level, the average environmental concern increases with the wealth of nations.

Math story 프로그램을 활용한 수업이 수학적 창의성 및 수학적 흥미도에 미치는 영향

Objectives This study was to enhance mathematical creativity and mathematical interest through the Math story program suitable for first-year high school classes. First, the purpose of this study based on the necessity of the above research is to create an environment to apply the Math story program. Second, the Math Stroy program was designed and applied. Third, it is to enhance students' mathematical creativity and mathematical interest by applying educational activities related to the Math story program activities to school classrooms. Methods The researcher was working at 00 High School located in 00 Metropolitan City. The study was conducted on 56 students in two classes in the first grade of this school. Two classes were selected based on the results of the midterm exam in the second semester of the first grade. Class 1 was divided into experimental classes and class 1 was divided into control classes. The study period was from October 11 to December 12, 2022, and 13 classes were conducted for about 2 months. The experimental class (32 students) was taught using the Math story program, and the control class (32 students) was taught focusing on traditional textbooks and teacher guidance books. The experimental class and the control class conducted different learning activities, but the learning content and guidance content were taught at the same level. Results In this study, the following results were obtained. First, in this study, the learning contents for each unit were first set and classes were conducted using the Math story program. By applying this to the class, mathematical creativity and mathematical interest could be enhanced. Second, classes using the Math story program were more effective in mathematical creativity and mathematical interest compared to traditional textbooks and teacher guidance-oriented classes for students in the upper, middle, and lower ranks. Third, in classes using the Math story program, low-ranking students, who have usually been ignored in math classes, also became interested in the class, showing improvement in mathematical creativity and mathematical interest. Conclusions In conclusion, the experimental class taught using the Math story program was more effective in mathematical creativity and mathematical interest than the control class.

Women in Energy Sector in Nigeria: A Survey of Gender and Leadership in the Workplace

Studies have also shown that women account for a significantly smaller number of workforce in the industry; they constitute less than 22% of employee and just 5% of Boards of Directors (BOD) making the energy sector one of the least gender-diverse sectors in the economy, even thougha much direr female representation is assumed to exist in the technical and field roles. According to Solanke (2019), “although the industry has begun to appreciate the value of gender balance and how it impacts the populace,we need to see how the Nigerian Government is taking a more active role in trying to push gender balance as actively as it does local content policies.”There are various disadvantages to the low level of female participation in the industry. First, energy companies have smaller number of highly qualified candidates to choose from when filling positions, especially in the middle and higher ranks, because many talented women either never join the industry or drop out prematurely. Second, companies inevitably miss out on higher quality of teamwork, diversity of perspectives, and creativity in solving technical and business problems unlike others with larger percentages of female employees. Third, the industry’s relative lack of gender diversity, particularly in the senior ranks, hurts its reputation as a first career choice for women. Left unchecked, this can create a vicious circle that could lead to the industry finding it progressively difficult to recruit women across board.

창의⋅인성 활동이 학업성취도 및 수학적 학습태도에 미치는 영향

Objectives The research purpose of this study is, first, to devise and apply creative and personality activities containing creative and personality elements. Second, it improves learners' academic achievement through creative and personality activities. Third, creativity and personality activities are used to positively change learners' mathematical learning attitudes.
 Methods The study was conducted on 60 students in two classes in the second grade of 00 High School located in 00 Metropolitan City where the researcher works. Two classes were selected based on the results of the midterm exam in the first semester of the second grade, and the first class was divided into a research class and the other class was divided into a comparative class, and 13 classes were conducted for about two months from May 2 to July 5, 2021. The research class (30 students) was taught as creative and personality activities, and the comparative class (30 students) was taught based on traditional textbooks. The learning activities of the research class and the comparative class were different. The contents of the map were taught at the same level. In the research class, the ratio of classes with creative and personality activities and classes with traditional textbook-oriented classes was 4:6. This researcher was in charge of the second grade, so the study was conducted on the second grade. The actual instruction of the class was guided by the researcher in the research class and the comparison class.
 Results As a result of the study, first, in this study, the learning contents for each unit were first set and creative and personality activities were conducted. By applying this to the class, it was possible to improve academic achievement and mathematical learning attitude. Second, creativity and personality activities were more effective in academic achievement and mathematical learning attitudes compared to traditional textbook-centered classes for students in the upper, middle, and lower ranks. Third, in creative and personality activities, low-ranking students, who are usually ignored in math classes, also became interested in the class, showing an improvement in the level of academic achievement.
 Conclusions In conclusion, the research class taught as creative and personality activities had significant differences in academic achievement and mathematical attitudes compared to the comparative class.

코로나19를 전후한 고등학생 수학 성취도 변화: 실태 및 영향요인1)

Drawing on high school data from the National Assessment of Educational Achievement (NAEA) in 2019 and 2020, we examined the deepening educational gap caused by COVID-19. Our results showed that the time spent using electronic devices increased in 2020, when online classes were conducted due to COVID-19 compared to 2019, whereas there was no significant change in the time spent on private education. Also, it turned out that the average math score did not change significantly in the upper and middle ranks in 2020 compared to 2019, but a sharp drop occurred in the lower ranks. In addition, the gap in average math scores between high-performing and low-performing students in schools in metropolitan areas widened significantly in 2020 compared to 2019. Meanwhile, multilevel model analysis results suggest that the deepening of the educational gap during the COVID-19 period was mainly due to student characteristics. Finally, quantile regression results showed that high-performing students had even higher academic achievement, while their low-performing counterparts had lower academic achievement in the wake of COVID-19. Even in the case of low-performing students, however, the negative impact of COVID-19 tended to decrease when school-level variables were controlled for.

Microscopic wettability of medium rank coals involved pore features and functional groups

Wettability affects the immiscible flow process of the gas-water phases in coalbed methane reservoirs, which has an important effect on coalbed methane production. The sessile drop method, infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to study the wettability, functional groups and pore structure of 8 coal rocks with middle ranks from the Qinshui Basin, North China, and the Junggar Basin, Northwest China. The pore structure of the coal sample, including the porosity, number of pores, pore area, pore diameter, percentage of different types of pores and roughness under the scale of 50 μm, was determined using the Nanoscope and Gwyddion analysis methods. The relationships between the pore structure, functional groups, coal surface roughness and wettability were studied. The results show that the larger the proportion of macropores on the coal surface is, the stronger the hydrophilicity of coal. The more oxygen-containing functional groups there are, the better the wettability of coal and rock. The contact angle has a sinusoidal relationship with the roughness due to the change in the adsorption point. For coal with very low or very high roughness, the contact angle is negatively correlated with the roughness, while for coal with low to average roughness, the contact angle is significantly positively correlated with the roughness. This work provides new insights into the interactions between water molecules and the coal pore surface.

Rates of Amputations Among Diabetics in Saudi Arabia

According to the World Health Organization Saudi Arabia has the second highest diabetes rate in the Middle East and ranks seventh globally. Around 7 million people are diabetic, and almost 3 million have pre-diabetes, according to estimates. Perhaps even more concerning is the recent increase in diabetes cases reported in Saudi Arabia. In fact, diabetes has risen by ten times in Saudi Arabia during the last three centuries. Diabetic foot ulcer is the leading source of morbidity and prolonged hospitalization, with approximately twice the likelihood of amputations compared to ulcers that are not infected. Diabetic foot ulcer affects 6.3% of the world's population, with men being more prone to developing them. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about rates of amputation among diabetics in Saudi Arabia. Even though diabetes is a significant public health concern in the Middle East and North Africa area, with high incidence of diabetic foot problems, data on prevalence and mortality among this high-risk group is scarce. As the prevalence of the diabetes is increasing in Saudi Arabia so are the diabetes related complications and diabetic foot complications are becoming more common as well. To analyse the existing condition and audit the ongoing prevention programs, large community-based surveys must be conducted. Efforts must be made to minimize the risk of amputation as well as fatalities among diabetic foot problems patients.

Becoming Entitled: Relief, Unemployment and Reform during the Great Depression by Abigail Trollinger

Trollinger analyzes the impact of unemployment in Chicago during the 1920s and 1930s and the reaction to it by affected workers, social reformers, and government. During the 1920s, most unemployment was viewed as “voluntary” since work was always available; to encourage the search for work, charitable assistance was kept to a minimum. However, mass unemployment during the Great Depression made the voluntary-unemployment model unsustainable. Trollinger shows how groups of workers agitated for government-funded unemployment relief as well as for the provision of social insurance. Chicago’s extensive network of settlement workers supported these aims, and the New Deal legislation recognized that the unemployed, in distress through no fault of their own, were “entitled” to taxpayer-funded assistance. The fight to achieve worker-entitlement status is the central thesis of this clearly written monograph.New Deal policies went part but not all the way to securing entitlement. The key work-relief agencies—the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (fera) and the Works Progress Administration (wpa)—received public funding that was generous by historical standards but insufficient to provide relief for all applicants. Moreover, eligibility for relief work was not determined by unemployment status alone. Successful applicants had to be assessed by a social worker as “in need,” in other words, destitute. The eligible who were denied a place had to apply for poorly funded local relief. The Social Security Act (1935) included a provision for unemployment insurance, which worker groups and reformers had vigorously championed, but the federal–state funding model adopted, and the exclusions of groups of workers, was a disappointment. By the mid-thirties, the public had come to accept the concept of worker entitlement, and although the legislative attempts to assist the unemployed may have been too conservative, enormous progress had been made in just a few years. The advantage of Trollinger’s local study is that it shows how organized labor, settlement workers, and state officials worked in unison to fight for the acceptance of entitlement. Indeed, Trollinger argues convincingly that the positive role that these “middle ranks” played was crucial in transforming the public perception of the unemployed worker’s rights from skeptical to sympathetic.Trollinger employs overlapping methodologies of social and urban history. Her work is based on carefully selected primary materials, contemporary newspapers and periodicals, and a wide range of secondary sources that she deploys with great sensitivity and imagination. Her conclusions might have been strengthened if she had additionally explored the state files of key New Deal agencies, particularly the fera and the wpa, which are usually revealing at the county level. Since Chicago (Cook County) dominated the state of Illinois, the detailed observations of professionally experienced federal field agents there would have provided a valuable outside perspective on the provision of relief.The unemployed needed relief, but what they wanted even more was work. Persistent unemployment meant that costly relief measures had to be financed for far longer than policy makers had anticipated. Trollinger neglects economics and, as a result, does not include the fiscal tension between care for the unemployed and sustained economic recovery in her analysis. What was the structure of unemployment in the city? Did Chicago settlement workers and labor organizations have clearly articulated ideas about what measures should be taken to restore jobs? What was their view about the level of work-relief wages or, indeed, real wages in the private sector? Did they express any concerns about budget deficits and rising public debt? What were the differences of opinion between blue- and white-collar workers, and how did both groups view the position of women or people of color in the labor market?Trollinger’s admirable study reveals the important role of the middle ranks in New Deal decision making. In doing so, it prompts additional relevant questions that her methodology is unable to address.

Coup Agency and Prospects for Democracy

AbstractThis research note introduces new global data on military coups. Conventional aggregate data so far have conflated two distinct types of coups. Military interventions by leading officers are coups “from above,” characterized by political power struggles within authoritarian elite coalitions where officers move against civilian elites, executive incumbents, and their loyal security personnel. By contrast, power grabs by officers from the lower and middle ranks are coups “from below,” where military personnel outside of the political elite challenge sitting incumbents, their loyalists, and the regime itself. Disaggregating coup types offers leverage to revise important questions about the causes and consequences of military intervention in politics. This research note illustrates that coup attempts from the top of the military hierarchy are much more likely to be successful than coups from the lower and middle ranks of the military hierarchy. Moreover, coups from the top recalibrate authoritarian elite coalitions and serve to sustain autocratic rule; they rarely produce an opening for a democratic transition. Successful coups from below, by contrast, can result in the breakdown of authoritarian regimes and generate an opening for democratic transitions.

Comparative analysis of some evolutionary-based models in optimization of dam reservoirs operation

Deriving optimal operation policies for multi-reservoir systems is a complex engineering problem. It is necessary to employ a reliable technique to efficiently solving such complex problems. In this study, five recently-introduced robust evolutionary algorithms (EAs) of Harris hawks optimization algorithm (HHO), seagull optimization algorithm (SOA), sooty tern optimization algorithm (STOA), tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) and moth swarm algorithm (MSA) were employed, for the first time, to optimal operation of Halilrood multi-reservoir system. This system includes three dams with parallel and series arrangements simultaneously. The results of mentioned algorithms were compared with two well-known methods of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The objective function of the optimization model was defined as the minimization of total deficit over 223 months of reservoirs operation. Four performance criteria of reliability, resilience, vulnerability and sustainability were used to compare the algorithms’ efficiency in optimization of this multi-reservoir operation. It was observed that the MSA algorithm with the best value of objective function (6.96), the shortest CPU run-time (6738 s) and the fastest convergence rate (< 2000 iterations) was the superior algorithm, and the HHO algorithm placed in the next rank. The GA, and the PSO were placed in the middle ranks and the SOA, and the STOA placed in the lowest ranks. Furthermore, the comparison of utilized algorithms in terms of sustainability index indicated the higher performance of the MSA in generating the best operation scenarios for the Halilrood multi-reservoir system. The application of robust EAs, notably the MSA algorithm, to improve the operation policies of multi-reservoir systems is strongly recommended to water resources managers and decision-makers.

IESE ECGI CONFERENCE ON CORPORATE PURPOSE: Can Purpose Deliver Better Corporate Governance?

IESE ECGI CONFERENCE ON CORPORATE PURPOSE: Can Purpose Deliver Better Corporate Governance?

Spanish revolutionary exile in France (1934-1936)

ABSTRACT The exodus provoked by the Civil War (1936–1939) is, due to its magnitude, the principal field of study on Spanish exile. Nevertheless, during the Spanish Republic in peacetime (1931–1936), different exiles took place which have not raised as much interest within the historiography. This is the case of those that had to flee Spain after being involved in the October Revolution of 1934. They were anonymous activists, the middle ranks, and also well-known leaders of the working-class movement, many of whom would play an important role during the time of the Popular Front, the Civil War and exile. In order to carry out this study, the archives of the five French départements bordering Spain, the Archives Nationales and the Archives de la Préfecture de Police in Paris were consulted. That facilitated identifying two hundred and seventy-five refugees, as well as understanding important aspects of their route towards exile, how they crossed the border, what their the journey was and the vicissitudes they experienced in French territory and what the conduct of the French authorities was.

The Executive Compensation Threat to Retirement

In recent years a new phenomenon has appeared on the retirement savings landscape: the expansion into middle management ranks of a traditional tool of executive compensation, the so-called “top hat” pension plan. Top hat plans are unfunded deferred compensation programs for a “select group of management or highly compensated employees.” Properly structured, top hat plans amass retirement resources that are taxed to employee-participants only when distributed. From the participant’s viewpoint, that delayed inclusion appears comparable to the tax deferral accorded qualified retirement plan savings, yet top hat plans are exempt from all of the Code’s qualification conditions. They are likewise excused from virtually all of ERISA’s pension plan participant protections, including vesting, funding, and fiduciary responsibilities. This regulatory immunity licenses three interconnected pathologies that undermine core retirement policy objectives. The inapplicability of ERISA’s worker protections, combined with preemption of state law, relegates top hat plan participants to a uniquely precarious position: their retirement savings are more exposed to depredation and vulnerable to loss than if ERISA had never been enacted. The inapplicability of the Code’s qualified plan nondiscrimination requirements allows employers to offer additional retirement savings to highly-paid managerial, technical, and professional employees without having to pay comparable benefits to rank-and-file workers. And the dramatic disparity, post-2017, between income tax rates applicable to corporations and high-income individuals incentivizes that favoritism with a substantial tax subsidy that’s unmeasured and generally overlooked. This article explores the unresolved ambiguity that has enabled top hat plan metastasis into upper-middle compensation ranges. It documents the sources of the pathologies associated with the expansion of top hat pensions and traces their consequences. And it surveys the leading responses to these developments, some of which offer only partial solutions, while others could be accomplished only by legislation.

Comparison of surveys and use records for quantifying medically important antimicrobial use in 18 U.S. Beef Feedyards.

The objective of this study was to evaluate agreement between medically important antimicrobial use metrics derived from in-person surveys of feedyard management as opposed to metrics derived from production unit-level antimicrobial use records. Survey respondents were asked to estimate values which would allow calculation of the metrics of regimens per animal year (Reg/AY) and milligrams of antimicrobial per kilogram of liveweight sold (mg/kg-LW). At the study level, values were calculated by antimicrobial class within the use categories of in-feed use, control of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and individual animal treatment. At the feedyard level, values were calculated by total overall use and total use within use category. Feedyard level correlation coefficients between survey and record values for total use were 0.76 (p=.0004) and 0.73 (p=.0009) for Reg/AY and mg/kg-LW, respectively. Correlation coefficients for use category within metric ranged from 0.25 (p=.3224) to 0.65 (p=.0061). Comparing feedyard level survey and record values for total Reg/AY and mg/kg-LW using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test resulted in p-values (95% CI) of 0.3247 (-1.06, 0.25) and 0.7019 (-14.49, 10.387), respectively. Evaluation of comparative rankings as total use by metric indicated that for Reg/AY, only two of the five top-ranked feedyards were consistent between the two data sources. The relationship for mg/kg-LW demonstrated the lowest two and highest three values were consistent between sources; however, the ranking similarities appear to markedly decline in the middle ranks. This report demonstrates that survey-based antimicrobial use data may closely reflect summary values determined from records across multiple beef feedyards. However, individual feedyard relationships between their record and survey values vary widely and ranking by survey may lead to different conclusions as to highest and lowest use than ranking by data collected from use records.

A Multinomial and Rank-Ordered Logit Model With Inter- and Intra-Individual Heteroscedasticity

The heteroscedastic logit model is useful to describe choices of individuals when the randomness in the choice-making varies over time. For example, during surveys individuals may become fatigued and start responding more randomly to questions as the survey proceeds. Or when completing a ranking amongst multiple alternatives, individuals may be unable to accurately assign middle and bottom ranks. The standard heteroscedastic logit model accommodates such behavior by allowing for changes in the signal-to-noise ratio via a time-varying scale parameter. In the current literature, this time-variation is assumed equal across individuals. Hence, each individual is assumed to become fatigued at the same time, or assumed to be able to accurately assign exactly the same ranks. In most cases, this assumption is too stringent. In this paper, we generalize the heteroscedastic logit model by allowing for differences across individuals. We develop a multinomial and a rank-ordered logit model in which the time-variation in an individual-specific scale parameter follows a Markov process. In case individual differences exist, our models alleviate biases and make more efficient use of data. We validate the models using a Monte Carlo study and illustrate them using data on discrete choice experiments and political preferences. These examples document that inter- and intra-individual heteroscedasticity both exist.

Effect of the Pore Structure on Adsorption and Diffusion Migration of Different Rank Coal Samples

Existing experimental equipment was used to conduct high-temperature and -pressure diffusion tests on four coal samples with different low, middle, and high ranks. Then, the characteristics of the ...

Hemşire Adaylarının Kariyer Planlarında Yaşlı Bakım Hemşireliği ve Diğer Hemşirelik Alanlarına Yönelik Tercihlerinin Çalışma Değerleri Bağlamında İncelenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma

In the study, the attitudes of the candidate nurses towards elderly care nursing and other nursing fields were investigated. In accordance with the purpose of the research, the relevant literature was scanned and a number of job values (criteria), which are thought to affect positively or negatively the attitudes of the nurse candidates towards the relevant fields, were determined and these criteria were transformed into a hierarchical structure suitable for the analysis. The universe of the research consists of nursing students studying at public universities in Istanbul, and the sample consists of nursing students from third and fourth classes studying at the nursing department of a public university. At the beginning of the study, it was set out with the hypothesis that nursing faculty students’ attitudes towards elderly care nursing were negative. As a result of the analysis, the job values that the elderly care nursing is disadvantageous as a career choice are listed according to their importance level. The surveys were evaluated with a mathematical method Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In terms of the study, the qualitative judgments of the nursing candidates regarding the elderly care nursing career were transformed into quantitative form by using AHP method. The research has revealed that the nursing students mostly preferred the Operating Room Nursing field and the Elderly Care Nursing field is in the middle ranks. It was found that there is no significant difference between the values of nursing students who prefer Elderly Care Nursing and those who do not prefer it. Finally, establishing good relationships with the people with whom they work and having job guarantee are determined as the most important work values for nursing students.

Whiteness, Power and the Politics of Demographics in the Governance of the Canadian Academy

AbstractThe predominance of Whiteness, and the corresponding lack of representation of people who are both racialized and minoritized, in the governance of universities is a political issue. We present the results from an intersectional diversity audit of central and senior academic administrators at five Canadian universities: Simon Fraser University, University of British Columbia, University of Toronto, University of Victoria and York University. Our findings indicate that racialized men and women are hitting ceilings in the middle administrative ranks. Conversely, we find a notable overrepresentation of White men and women in the senior administrative ranks. Our analysis suggests that White women, unlike racialized women and men, no longer face serious barriers to representation within these senior ranks. These findings raise concerns about processes of racialization that may impede career progress for some but accelerate it for others. They raise concerns about the politics of who lifts whom into the echelons of academic decision making, which in turn has implications for justice, knowledge and social meanings of competency.