Middle Of Abdomen Research Articles

Ultrasound and differential diagnosis of fetal abdominal cysts.

The present study aimed to investigate the use of ultrasound and differential diagnosis to diagnose a fetal abdominal cyst. A retrospective analysis of 41 cases of fetal abdominal cyst, which included ovarian cysts, choledochal cysts, intestinal duplication and mesenteric cysts, was performed. Imaging characteristics of various types of cysts were summarized, compared and discussed. Among 41 fetal abdominal cyst cases, there were 21 cases of ovarian cysts, 11 cases of bile duct cyst, six cases of intestinal duplication and three cases of mesenteric cyst. Each type of fetal cyst had its own distinctive characteristics on abdominal ultrasound examination. Ovarian cysts were located at one side of the bladder, round-shaped and observed in female fetuses; choledochal cysts were located in the hilar, were oblong- or oval-shaped and connected to the bile duct; intestinal duplication was located in the middle of abdomen, close to the intestine, and presented as an intestinal wall-like structure; mesenteric cysts were round-shaped with thin tensionless wall, presented with multiple chambers, and were easily deformable on compression. The findings of the present study demonstrated that a comprehensive analysis of the association between the cyst and its adjacent location, shape, wall thickness, motility and other aspects of dynamic changes via ultrasonography may provide a differential diagnosis of different types of fetal abdominal cysts.

Bistriopelma, a new genus with two new species from Peru (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae)

Bistriopelma gen. nov. from the Andean region in Peru is here described, diagnosed and illustrated, together with two new species Bistriopelma lamasi sp. nov. as a type species and Bistriopelma matuskai sp. nov. This new genus differs from all other theraphosid genera, except the genus Phrixotrichus Simon 1889 (sensu Perafán & Pérez-Miles 2014) and the troglobite species Tmesiphantes hypogeus Bertani, Bichuette & Pedroso 2013, in the presence of two abdominal dorsolateral patches of the type III urticating setae. Bistriopelma gen nov. can be distiguished from Phrixotrichus by the different shape of spermathecae in females, consisting of two separate subparallel seminal receptacles in Bistriopelma gen. nov. but strongly divergent in Phrixotrichus and by the different morphology of male palpal bulb (embolus projecting retrolaterally from tegulum in Bistriopelma gen. nov. against posteriorly in Phrixotrichus); furthermore by the presence of basal spine on prolateral tibial apophysis, the absence of the type IV urticating setae and paired tarsal claws denticulate. Bistriopelma gen. nov. is separated from Tmesiphantes hypogeus by the position of the urticating seta patches (middle of abdomen in Bistriopelma gen. nov. and posterior half in Tmesiphantes hypogeus), the different shape of spermathecae (long separate seminal receptacles with subapical constriction in Bistriopelma gen. nov. and short, subtriangular and widely separated in Tmesiphantes hypogeus) and also in the extension of metatarsal scopulae. Additional comments and a distribution map of all species of this genus are provided.

Adenocarcinoma of Meckel's diverticulum diagnosed by capsule endoscopy and single-balloon enteroscopy.

A case of adenocarcinoma arising in Meckel's diverticulum in a 58-year-old man is reported. Abdominal computed tomography and ultrasonography showed a solid tumor in the middle of abdomen. Capsule endoscopy (CE) showed tumorous lesion in the distal ileum. Single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) subsequently showed the tumor in Meckel's diverticulum. Furthermore, biopsy specimen obtained from the lesion revealed it as adenocarcinoma. At laparotomy, we found the tumor at the blind end of the diverticulum and enlarged lymph node about 7cm in diameter in the small intestinal mesentery. Segmental resection of the ileum, including the tumor-bearing diverticulum, was performed along with regional lymph node dissection. Histologically, origin of the tumor was assumed to be ectopic gastric mucosa. Although neoplasm in Meckel's diverticulum is difficult to diagnose preoperatively, the combination of CE and SBE was useful. Based on our search, this is thought to be the first case of neoplasm in Meckel's diverticulum diagnosed endoscopically.