Mid-infrared Solid-state Laser Research Articles

Development and characterization of novel Fe2+:ZnSexS1-x solid solution laser ceramics for mid-infrared laser application

In this study, Fe2+:ZnSexS1-x (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1) solid solution laser ceramics with cubic crystal structures were prepared for the first time via hot pressing sintering, using FeSe, ZnSe, and ZnS powders. The resulting ceramics exhibit a unique combination of the optical and physical properties of Fe2+:ZnSe and Fe2+:ZnS. An increase in the ZnS content led to a blueshift in the maximum absorption spectra of Fe2+ ions and an enhancement in Vickers hardness. These findings suggest that Fe2+:ZnSexS1-x solid solution ceramics could serve as promising gain media for mid-infrared solid-state lasers, offering a novel approach for the development of directly pumped mid-infrared laser systems.

Investigation of Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Tellurite-Based Glasses Doped with Rare-Earth Oxides for Infrared Solid-State Lasers.

The thermal and optical properties of 60TeO2-20K2TeO3-10WO3-10Nb2O5 (in mol%) glasses doped with Ho2O3, Er2O3, and Tm2O3 were explored in the present work. The thermal stability, refractive index n, extinction coefficient k, absorption coefficient α, and optical band gap of the glasses were evaluated. The UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra, the Judd-Ofelt intensity parameter, the spectroscopic quality factor, and the emission and absorption cross-sections were calculated to investigate the effects of Er3+ and Tm3+, respectively, on the band spectroscopic properties of Ho3+ ions. The results showed that the maximum emission cross-section was approximately 8×10-21 cm2, and the values of the full width at half maximum (FWHM), quality factor (σe×FWHM), and gain coefficient of Ho3+: 5I7→5I8 were also reported. The value of the FWHM×σe was 1200×10-28 cm3, which showed greater gain characteristics than earlier study results. For 2 μm mid-infrared solid-state lasers, the glasses that were examined might be a good host material.

28.02 W LD side-pumped CW laser operated at 2.8 µm in YSGG/Er:YSGG/YSGG crystal.

We demonstrated a 978 nm laser diode (LD) side-pumped YSGG/Er:YSGG/YSGG composite crystal with a size of Ф 3 mm × 65 mm and continuous-wave (CW) mode. By optimizing resonator length and output mirror transmittance, a maximum output power of 28.02W is generated, corresponding to slope efficiency of 17.55% and optical-optical efficiency of 12.29%, respectively. The thermal focal lengths are obtained by resonator stability condition. The laser wavelength is centered near 2.8 µm. Moreover, the beam quality factors M x2/M y2 are fitted to be 8.14 and 7.35, respectively. The above results indicate that a high-performance 2.8µm CW laser can be achieved by LD side-pumped YSGG/Er:YSGG/YSGG composite crystal with excellent heat dissipation ability, which promotes effectively the development and applications of the mid-infrared solid-state lasers.

High performance 1.9 µm passively Q-switched bulk laser with germanene as a saturable absorber.

Germanene is an analog of graphene, and its independent novel low-bending honeycomb structure gives outstanding advantages such as environmental stability and significant low-frequency optical absorbance. In this paper, the few-layer germanene was successfully prepared by the liquid phase exfoliation method. The saturable absorption characteristics of germanene in the infrared waveband were detected by the open-aperture Z-scan method. With germanene as a saturable absorber, a high-performance passively Q-switched bulk laser was realized at 1.9 µm. The shortest pulse width of 60.5 ns was obtained from continuous-wave pumping, corresponding to a single pulse energy of 6.7 µJ and peak power of 110 W. By utilizing the pulse pumping style with a repletion rate of 10 Hz, the single pulse energy and peak power increased to 45.8 µJ and 328 W, respectively, which exceeded all two-dimensional SA materials reported before. This research manifests that germanene is an excellent SA material for mid-infrared solid-state lasers.

SnS2 as a Saturable Absorber for Mid-Infrared Q-Switched Er:SrF2 Laser.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials own unique band structures and excellent optoelectronic properties and have attracted wide attention in photonics. Tin disulfide (SnS2), a member of group IV-VI transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), possesses good environmental optimization, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability, making it more competitive in application. By using the intensity-dependent transmission experiment, the saturable absorption properties of the SnS2 nanosheet nearly at 3 μm waveband were characterized by a high modulation depth of 32.26%. Therefore, a few-layer SnS2 was used as a saturable absorber (SA) for a bulk Er:SrF2 laser to research its optical properties. When the average output power was 140 mW, the passively Q-switched laser achieved the shortest pulse width at 480 ns, the optimal single pulse energy at 3.78 µJ, and the highest peak power at 7.88 W. The results of the passively Q-switched laser revealed that few-layer SnS2 had an admirable non-linear optical response at near 3 μm mid-infrared solid-state laser.

Enhanced ∼2.85 μm mid-infrared emission of Na5Lu9F32: Pr3+/Ho3+ single crystal by introducing of non active Gd3+ ions

A series of novel Na5Lu9F32 fluoride single crystals by keeping the concentrations of Ho3+ (0.5 mol%) and Pr3+ (0.1 mol%) fixed and varying the concentrations of Gd3+ ions (i.e., 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5 mol%) were prepared successfully by a reformative Bridgman technique for application of 2.85 μm mid-infrared. The impact of the non active Gd3+ ion on the crystallographic structure and optical properties of the single crystal were explored by the aid of the X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement, spectra of absorption and emission and decay curves of fluorescence. By leading Gd3+ (1.2 mol%) into Ho3+(0.5 mol%)/Pr3+(0.1 mol%) incorporated Na5Lu9F32 single crystal, the emission intensity at ∼ 2.85 μm was fulfilled significantly about two times enhancement. The destruction of [Ho3+-Ho3+] ion quench clusters and release more luminescent ions are in charge of the enhancement of the emission at 2.85 μm by leading Gd3+ into the fluoride single crystal. The maximum emission cross-section, ∼5.2 × 10−20 cm2, at ∼2.85 μm was estimated on the basis of the emission spectra. Thus, the grown Pr3+/Ho3+/Gd3+ incorporated Na5Lu9F32 fluoride single crystals could be an excellent candidate for source of ∼2.85 μm mid-infrared solid-state laser device.

Dual-wavelength passively Q-switched Tm:YAP solid state laser based on Bi2Te3 nanowire saturable absorber

A kind of uniform Bi2Te3 nanowires was successfully synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. And it was firstly used as saturable absorber in a 2 μm mid-infrared solid state laser, as far as we know. With a careful adjustment, a dual-wavelength passively Q-switching laser operation was realized at 1945 nm and 1979.2 nm respectively. A maximum output power of 1.015 W was achieved, corresponding to the maximum single pulse energy of 3.965 μJ and peak power of 11.765 W. The shortest pulse width of 337 ns was obtained at a maximum repetition rate of 260 kHz. Compared with other popular saturabe absorbers in 2 μm solid state laser, this material showed a better modulation capability to some extent. These results suggest that Bi2Te3 nanowire may be developed as another kind of promising nanomaterial for mid-infrared solid state pulse laser.

Research Progress of Tunable Mid-infrared Solid State Laser Pumped by Near-infrared Laser（Invited）

Research Progress of Tunable Mid-infrared Solid State Laser Pumped by Near-infrared Laser（Invited）

Mid-Infrared Laser Generation of Zn1-xMnxSe and Zn1-xMgxSe (x ≈ 0.3) Single Crystals Co-Doped by Cr2+ and Fe2+ Ions-Comparison of Different Excitation Wavelengths.

Two different mid-infrared (mid-IR) solid-state crystalline laser active media of Cr, Fe:ZnMnSe and Cr, Fe:ZnMgSe with similar amounts of manganese or magnesium ions of x ≈ 0.3 were investigated at cryogenic temperatures for three different excitation wavelengths: Q-switched Er:YLF laser at the wavelength of 1.73 m, Q-switched Er:YAG laser at 2.94 m, and the gain-switched Fe:ZnSe laser operated at a liquid nitrogen temperature of 78 K at ∼4.05 m. The temperature dependence of spectral and laser characteristics was measured. Depending on the excitation wavelength and the selected output coupler, both laser systems were able to generate radiation by Cr or by Fe ions under direct excitation or indirectly by the Cr→ Fe energy transfer mechanism. Laser generation of Fe ions in Cr, Fe:ZnMnSe and Cr, Fe:ZnMgSe (x ≈ 0.3) crystals at the wavelengths of ∼4.4 and ∼4.8 m at a temperature of 78 K was achieved, respectively. The excitation of Fe ions in both samples by direct 2.94 m as well as ∼4.05 m radiation or indirectly via the Cr→ Fe ions’ energy transfer-based mechanism by 1.73 m radiation was demonstrated. Based on the obtained results, the possibility of developing novel coherent laser systems in mid-IR regions (∼2.3–2.5 and ∼4.4–4.9 m) based on AB matrices was presented.

Growth of large size near-stoichiometric lithium niobate single crystals with low coercive field for manufacturing high quality periodically poled lithium niobate

Periodically poled lithium niobate is an important component in mid-infrared lasers due to its perfect nonlinear optical property. However, fabrication of high-power laser based on periodically poled lithium niobate is still a great challenge, because lithium niobate crystal wafer with large thickness for large clear aperture periodically poled lithium niobate is hard to be completely poled due to the high coercive field of commercial congruent lithium niobate (LiNbO3). In this work, we have successfully grown 3-inch near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 by efficiently regulation of temperature gradient with the aid of thermal field simulation. Characteristics on the as-grown large size near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 proved that the [Li]/[Nb] of crystal is around 1:1, and the crystal possesses a typical single domain with high optical homogeneity. Compared with congruent and Mg-doped LiNbO3, the near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystal has better piezoelectric performance. The forward and backward coercive fields of the near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystal were 2.90 kV/mm and 2.43 kV/mm, respectively, which were approximately 8 times lower than that for CLN (21 kV/mm). The periodically polarization experiments proved that only 1.36 kV can realize the complete polarization for a 1 mm thick near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 wafer. The mass-productive near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystals grown in this work will have great applications in high-power mid-infrared solid-state laser.

High Power and Efficient 4.43 μm BaGa4Se7 Optical Parametric Oscillator Pumped at 1064 nm

A high power and efficiency mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator based on a BaGa4Se7 crystal is demonstrated in this paper. It was pumped by a 500 Hz Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at room temperature. Without cooling, up to 0.76 W output power at 4.43 μm was generated with respect to the incident pump power (1064 nm) of 5.52 W, corresponding to an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 13.7%. The corresponding slope efficiency was as high as 18.7%. The pulse width of the signal wave was 5.2 ns at the pump pulse of 13.7 ns. To the best of our knowledge, this is to date the highest output power achieved at 4–5 μm from a 1064 nm pumped BGSe OPO laser. Considering that no additional cooling system was applied, this work provides a good solution for a high-efficient, compact or even portable mid-infrared solid-state laser device.

Indium Tin Oxide Nanowire Arrays as a Saturable Absorber for Mid-Infrared Er:Ca0.8Sr0.2F2 Laser.

We demonstrated a passively Q-switched Er:Ca0.8Sr0.2F2 laser with indium tin oxide nanowire arrays as an optical modulator in the mid-infrared region. In the Q-switched regime, the maximum output power of 58 mW with a slope efficiency of 18.3% was acquired. Meanwhile, the minimum pulse duration and highest repetition rate of the stable pulse trains were 490 ns and 17.09 kHz, corresponding to single pulse energy of 3.4 μJ and peak power of 6.93 W, respectively. To the best of our knowledge it was the first time that indium tin oxide nanowire arrays were employed as a saturable absorber to make pulse lasers carried out at 2.8 μm. The experimental data show that indium tin oxide nanowire arrays can be employed as a competitive candidate for saturable absorber in the field of mid-infrared solid-state lasers.

Development Progress of 3–5 μm Mid-Infrared Lasers: OPO, Solid-State and Fiber Laser

A 3–5 μm mid-infrared band is a good window for atmospheric transmission. It has the advantages of high contrast and strong penetration under high humidity conditions. Therefore, it has important applications in the fields of laser medicine, laser radar, environmental monitoring, remote sensing, molecular spectroscopy, industrial processing, space communication and photoelectric confrontation. In this paper, the application background of mid-infrared laser is summarized. The ways to realize mid-infrared laser output are described by optical parametric oscillation, mid-infrared solid-state laser doped with different active ions and fiber laser doped with different rare earth ions. The advantages and disadvantages of various mid-infrared lasers are briefly described. The technical approaches, schemes and research status of mid-infrared lasers are introduced.

Demonstration of a compact, multi-joule, diode-pumped Tm:YLF laser.

We report the demonstration of a diode-pumped Tm:YLF laser operating at 1.88 µm that produces pulse energies up to 3.88 J in 20 ns. The compact system consists of a Q-switched cavity-dumped oscillator generating 18 mJ pulses, which are then amplified in a four-pass power amplifier. Energies up to 38.1 J were obtained with long-pulse amplifier operation. These results illustrate the high energy storage and extraction capabilities of diode-pumped Tm:YLF, opening the path to high peak and average power mid-infrared solid-state lasers.

Broadband nonlinear optical response of graphdiyne for mid-infrared solid-state lasers

Broadband nonlinear optical response of graphdiyne for mid-infrared solid-state lasers

LD pumped high-power mid-infrared solid state lasers based on 1.3at.%Er3+: CaF2 crystal (Invited)

3 μm波段激光是高精度外科手术的理想光源，也可作为长波中红外光参量振荡器的有效泵浦源。LD直接泵浦Er3+掺杂晶体是获得2.7~3 μm波段中红外激光的有效技术途径，具有成本低、结构紧凑简单等优点。由于Er3+ 2.8 μm激光下能级阻塞问题，一般需要高浓度掺杂，但高浓度掺杂易引起强烈的光吸收，增强了激光晶体的热效应，从而阻碍了激光功率的提升。低声子能量的氟化钙晶体特有的萤石型结构使得三价稀土离子极易形成“团簇”，将低浓度Er3+掺杂到氟化钙晶体中即可获得高效率的中红外激光增益介质。笔者课题组使用温度梯度法成功生长了低浓度掺杂1.3at.%Er3+: CaF2激光晶体，利用LD直接泵浦获得了2.2 W的中红外激光输出，这是目前利用LD端面泵浦同类晶体中的最高中红外激光输出功率。同时，文中还对上转换泵浦方式下该晶体的2.8 μm激光特性进行了研究。实验结果表明，低浓度掺杂的1.3at.%Er3+: CaF2晶体是一类具有产业化前景的中红外激光材料，有望推动长波中红外激光器向着结构紧凑、成本低的方向发展。

Mid-Infrared, Green and Red Emission in Ho3+ - Er3+ Co-Doped Phosphate Glasses

Over the past decades, phosphate glasses show ample advantages in laser technology because of their excellent optical properties like a low glass transition temperature, low phonon energy, large infrared transmission window, and high gain density. The inclusion of lead and alkali earth metals to these phosphate glasses also improves the chemical durability of glasses, which have more advantages in smart cards, medical applications, and micro-batteries. The optimum environment for chemical durability and incorporating rare earth ions can be achieved by the interaction between sulphate and phosphate ions. Moreover, phosphate glasses mixed with alkali sulphate provides scope for micro battery applications. The presence of network modifiers like Pb2+, Zn2+ in phosphate glasses introduces structural modifications and increases the number of non-bridging oxygens (NBOs) in glass network. The metal oxides like PbO, Bi2O3 makes phosphate glass suitable for rare earth ion incorporation by softening the glass and provides better distribution by controlling the formation of clusters. The wide variety of rare earth ions in the phosphate glasses leads to wide range of applications in optoelectronic devices.To overcome the difficulty associated with lack of a useful absorption band at 980 nm of Ho3+ ion (easy excitation by commercial laser diode (LD)), rare earth ions such as Tm3+, Yb3+, and Er3+ can be introduced. Especially, among them, Er3+ exhibit strong absorption at 980 nm. Due to the narrower energy gap between Er3+: 4I13/2 and Ho3+: 5I7 states, the emission of Ho3+ ions can be enhanced by addition of Er3+. So, the Er3+/Ho3+ co-doped glasses have promising applications in mid-infrared (MIR) laser applications with 980 nm LD. In view of this, the set of the Er3+/Ho3+ co-doped sodium-sulfo lead phosphate glasses was prepared with the molar composition of (20-x-y) Na2SO4-20PbO-60P2O5-xEr2O3-yHo2O3 (x=0.5, y= 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mol %) named as GEH-y glass and coded as GExHy. To explore various possible applications, all prepared glasses are characterised by EDS, XRD, FTIR, absorption, photoluminescence and lifetime profiles. All results are computed and few of them are compared with other glasses.We present results focused on both mid infrared and visible emission properties of Er3+/Ho3+ions in sodium-sulfo lead phosphate (GExHy) glasses. These materials exhibit simultaneously DC (down-conversion) and UC (up-conversion) photoluminescence (PL) by excitation at 379 nm and 980 nm. The favourable concentration of Ho2O3 was estimated from the analysis of NIR PL spectra for Ho3+: 2.0 mm and Er3+: 1.5 mm. In GExHy glasses, the increase in intensity near 2.0 mm with decrease in intensity at 1.5 mm infers to energy transfer process between Er3+ and Ho3+ ions.Under lexc= 379 nm the Er3+ ions are pumped to the 4G11/2 excited state and depopulate {via multi phonon relaxation MPR1} at lower 4S3/2, 2H11/2, and 4F9/2 levels and then relaxed to the 4I15/2 ground state by emitting weak and strong green emission bands along with weak red emission related to 4S3/2→4I15/2 (522 nm), 2H11/2→4I15/2 (544 nm), and 4F9/2→4I15/2 (657 nm) transitions, respectively. The up-conversion energy transfer (ET) analysis with 980 nm LD excitation, undergoes the following mechanism: Ground state absorption (GSA) : Er: 4I15/2 + hν → Er: 4I11/2 Excited State Absorption (ESA1) : Er: 4I11/2+ hν → Er: 4F7/2 Excited State Absorption (ESA2) : Er: 4I13/2 +hν → Er: 4F9/2 CR1 (Cross Relaxation) : Er: 4I11/2+Ho: 5I6→ Er: 4I15/2+Ho: 5F4 CR2 (Cross Relaxation) : Er: 4I13/2+Ho: 5I6→ Er: 4I15/2+Ho: 5F5 ET1: Er: 2S3/2+Ho: 5I8→ Er: 4I15/2+Ho: 5S2+5F4 ⇒ Ho: 5S2+5F4 → 5I8 (545 nm) ET2 : Er: 4F9/2+Ho: 5I8→ Er: 4I15/2+Ho: 5F5 ⇒ Ho: 5F5→5I8 (659 nm) MPR2: Ho: 5S2+5F4 → 5F5 ET3: Er: 4I11/2+Ho: 5I8→ Er: 4I15/2+Ho: 5I6 ⇒ Er: 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 (1554 nm) ET4: Er: 4I13/2+Ho: 5I8→ Er:4I15/2+Ho Fig. 1 Schematic energy level diagram of GE0.5H0.8 glass.The maximum energy transfer efficiency of GExHy samples is 75.5% and with the increase of Ho3+ ions, the lifetime decay has been reduced from 5.06 ms to 1.24 ms. The absorption and stimulated emission cross-sections of Er3+:1.5 mm and Ho3+: 2.0 mm were calculated. Moreover, the FWHM × σemi was estimated for Ho3+:5I7→5I8 transition to estimate the probable MIR laser emission. The CIE color coordinates were estimated from both DC and UC PL spectra. All the results indicated that the prepared GExHy glasses have promising material applications in mid-infrared solid-state lasers and telecommunications. In addition, efficient green and red emission makes these glasses attractive for the phosphor applications. Figure 1

Efficient 2.01 μm mid-infrared (MIR) and visible emission in Ho3+ doped phosphate glasses enhanced by Er3+ ions

The range of emission cross-section in RE3+ ions play a key role in developing optical systems with high performance. The present work focuses on mid infrared and visible emission properties of Er3+/Ho3+ions in sodium-sulfo lead phosphate (GExHy) glasses. The EDS, XRD and FTIR spectra were performed for basic structural analysis. Besides, DC (down-conversion) and UC (up-conversion), photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the prepared GExHy glasses pumped at 379 nm and 980 nm are investigated. The favourable concentration of Ho2O3 was estimated from the analysis of NIR PL spectra for Ho3+: 2.0 μm and Er3+: 1.5 μm. In GExHy glasses, the increase in intensity near 2.0 μm with decrease in intensity at 1.5 μm infers to energy transfer process between Er3+ and Ho3+ ions. The maximum energy transfer efficiency of GExHy samples is 75.5% and with the increase of Ho3+ ions, the lifetime decay has been reduced from 5.06 ms to 1.24 ms. The absorption and stimulated emission cross-section of Er3+:1.5 μm and Ho3+: 2.0 μm were calculated. Moreover, FWHM×σemi was calculated for Ho3+:5I7→5I8 transition to estimate the probable MIR laser emission. The CIE color coordinates were estimated from both DC and UC PL spectra. All the results indicated that the prepared GExHy glasses have promising material applications in mid-infrared solid-state lasers and telecommunications.

Enhanced mid-infrared emissions of Ho3+/Er3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal by introduction of Pr3+ ions

The Na5Y9F32 fluoride single crystals tri-doped with ∼1 mol% Ho3+/∼1 mol% Er3+, and various concentrations of Pr3+ (0, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 mol%) were successfully grown by a modified Bridgman method. The absorption, Raman, emission spectra and fluorescence decay curves of Pr3+/Ho3+/Er3+ tri-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystals were studied systematically. The intensity parameters (Ω2 = 1.96 × 10−20 cm2, Ω4 = 1.66 × 10−20 cm2, Ω6 = 1.46 × 10−20 cm2) of Er3+ ions and emission cross-sections at ∼2.7 μm (1.76×10−20 cm2) and ∼2.9 μm (1.34×10−20 cm2) were calculated according to the measured absorption spectra. The emission intensities at ∼2.7 μm of Er3+: 4I11/2 → 4I13/2 and ∼2.9 μm of Ho3+: 5I6→5I7 were enhanced gradually as increase of Pr3+ concentrations from 0 to 1.0 mol% under excitation of 800 nm laser diode (LD). However, the ∼2.0 μm of Ho3+: 5I7→5I8 and ∼1.5 μm of Er3+: 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 were gradually reduced. The introduction of Pr3+ can greatly reduce the lifetimes of Er3+: 4I13/2 and Ho3+: 5I7. The energy transfer from Er3+: 4I13/2 to Ho3+: 5I7 level and depopulating Er3+: 4I13/2 and Ho3+: 5I7 levels under the action of Pr3+ ions are responsible for the enhancement of ∼2.7 and ∼2.9 μm emissions. The Pr3+/Ho3+/Er3+ tri-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal may become a new choice for ∼3.0 μm mid-infrared solid-state laser.

Enhanced ~2.9 μm mid-infrared emissions of Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal introduced by Pr3+ ions

A novel Na5Y9F32 single crystals tri-doped with fixed ~0.8 mol% Ho3+, ~1 mol% Yb3+ and various Pr3+ from 0 to 0.8 mol% were successfully grown by a modified Bridgman method for 2.9 μm mid-infrared application. The effects of Pr3+ ion on the 2.9 μm emission was investigated systematically with the help of the absorption spectra, emission spectra and fluorescence decay curves. The emission intensity at ~2.9 μm of Ho3+: 5I6 → 5I7 was enhanced gradually as increase of Pr3+ concentration from 0 to 0.8 mol% under excitation of 980 nm laser diode (LD). The maximum emission cross-section at ~2.9 μm was calculated to be 5.62 × 10−20 cm2 according to the measured emission spectra. The energy transfer mechanism among Ho3+, Yb3+ and Pr3+ was studied. When the Pr3+ ion concentration reached 0.8 mol%, the energy conversion efficiencies for Ho3+: 5I7 → Pr3+: 3F2 and Ho3+: 5I6 → Pr3+: 3F4 were estimated about ~51.76% and ~15.73%, respectively. A remarkably augmented conversion process of Ho3+: 5I7 → Pr3+: 3F2 by the introduction of Pr3+ ion into Ho3+/Yb3+ system results into the enhancement of ~2.9 μm emission. The Pr3+ ion takes as an effective deactivation of the Ho3+ ion in the Na5Y9F32 single crystal. The Pr3+/Ho3+/Yb3+ tri-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystals may become a new choice for ~2.9 μm mid-infrared solid-state laser due to its both excellent optical properties and chemical stability.