Microwave-assisted Combustion Method Research Articles

Development and fabrication of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide incorporated MnFe2O4@Bi2WO6 nanocomposite for efficient degradation of antibiotic drug as water contaminant under visible-light illumination

Tetracyclines are one category of extensively applied antibiotics. Meantime, owing to misapplication and inappropriate disposal, they are mostly discovered in wastewater, which causes a series of environmental contamination and stated a threat to a person's health and security. The present study investigates the photodegradation of tetracycline using MnFe2O4@Bi2WO6/graphene oxide, GO, and MnFe2O4@Bi2WO6/reduced graphene oxide, RGO, and MnFe2O4@Bi2WO6 nanocomposites as permanent photocatalyst with the aid of visible light. A facile microwave assisted combustion method was applied in solid state rapidly, conveniently to fabricate MnFe2O4@ Bi2WO6–GO and MnFe2O4@ Bi2WO6–rGO nanocomposites at low power 150 W and in time 10 min with very low amount of glycine (as fuel). Consequently, XRD, EDX Mapping, DRS, PL, TEM, FESEM, FTIR, VSM, BET and UV–Visible spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated characteristic of nanocomposites and specifications of existent photocatalyst. Magnetic investigations revealed that the MnFe2O4@ Bi2WO6-GO and MnFe2O4@ Bi2WO6–RGO nanocomposites can be easily separated from the solution by an external magnetic field. MnFe2O4@ Bi2WO6–GO nanocomposites were discovered with high specific surface area 73.83 m2/g than MnFe2O4@Bi2WO6–RGO nanocomposites with specific surface area 17.75 m2/g. Highest photocatalytic activity was determined for the MnFe2O4@ Bi2WO6–GO (catalyst-0.10 g/l, tetracycline antibiotic concentration 10 mg/l and at pH = 4) within 25 min of visible light irradiation without using any oxidizing agent. The investigation of kinetic study revealed that kinetic parameter specified to photodegradation and experimental outcomes follow first-order model. the superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, ℎ+ holes and light are the principal demonstrates of the reaction mechanism for the effective degradation of tetracycline drug. The evaluation of MnFe2O4@ Bi2WO6–GO and MnFe2O4@ Bi2WO6–RGO magnetic catalysts has proposed the encouraging and significant role of nanocomposites in perilous pharmaceuticals refinement from industrial wastewater and also, magnetically photocatalyst attributes can be used as a potent separable tool for eliminating water pollution problems in the various industry.

Structural, morphological, and optical investigations of Mn-doped LaAlO3 perovskite obtained by microwave-assisted combustion and rapid calcination at low temperature

In this work, LaAlO3 perovskite was doped with 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 13 mol% of Mn using the microwave-assisted combustion method. The powders produced were heat treated at 700 °C and 900 °C for 10 min in an adapted microwave oven and then characterized by Thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman, Ultraviolet–Visible Reflectance (UV–Vis), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The materials produced doped with the highest concentration of Mn (13 %) showed a single-phase reduced crystallite size compared to the pure sample. The unit cell volumes increased compared to the pure material, while the oxidation state of the dopant was mainly Mn3+. The refinement data for the volume of the different polyhedral that comprise the LaAlO3 unit cell revealed a local change at both sites, which may also indicate Mn substitution at the A site. The heat treatment temperature did not change significantly, demonstrating the method's efficiency in producing perovskites at temperatures and times below those reported in the literature. The morphology observed was porous and irregular agglomerates, and the bandgap was 2.90 eV.

Zn-doped nano-Cr2O3 catalyst for fluorination of chlorinated light olefins

A series of Zn-doped nano-Cr2O3 catalysts were prepared by the microwave-assisted combustion method, and the catalysts were successfully applied to the fluorination of 1, 1, 2, 3-tetrachloropropene to synthesize 2-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene, and the fluorination of vinylidene chloride to vinylidene fluoride using anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, which is much more efficient than catalyst reported in literatures. By XRD, XPS, and NH3-TPD, it was confirmed that the doping of a small amount of Zn did not have a great influence on the crystal structure of the catalyst but had a great influence on the acidity of the catalyst surface, which increased the number of weak acids and medium acids on the catalyst surface. In addition, the addition of a small amount of Zn could increase the content of high-valent chromium and produce more CrOxFy active centers. As the number of acid sites increases, it provides adsorption centers for chlorine-containing molecules, and the increase of CrOxFy active centers promotes the reaction. They work together to improve the catalytic performance of the catalyst.

Synthesis and Exploring structural, magnetic, morphology and optical properties of La2−xAlxCuO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) perovskite nanoparticles by microwave-assisted combustion method

La2CuO4 perovskite nanoparticles doped with aluminum were synthesized through the microwave-assisted combustion technique. Comprehensive studies on the structural, magnetic optical, functional and morphological properties were conducted using various techniques, including XRD, EDX, VSM, DRS-UV, FT-IR and FESEM respectively, .The XRD patterns of pristine La2CuO4 and Al-doped La2CuO4 unequivocally validated the exclusive development of a perovskite structure, devoid of any impurities. Nevertheless, the augmentation in Al3+ content (x = 0–0.25) induced a noteworthy phase shift from orthorhombic to cubic configuration. The average crystallite dimensions spanned from 54 to 41 nm. Distinct FT-IR bands at approximately 687 and 434 cm-1 were intricately linked to the La-O and Cu-O stretching modes inherent to the orthorhombic La2CuO4 phase. The energy gap determined through the Kubelka–Munk (K–M) methodology, experienced an elevation concomitant with the heightened Al3+ content (1.67–1.72 eV), attributable to quantum confinement phenomena. Within the La2-xAlxCuO4 (x = 0 to 0.25) system, the genesis of nanoscaled crystallized grains, interspersed with pores resulting from the amalgamation of grains, was evident. Analysis of hysteresis curves unveiled the emergence of soft ferromagnetic behavior at ambient temperature.

Influence of Mn, Mg, Ce and P promoters on Ni-X/Al2O3 catalysts for dry reforming of methane

In this work, the performance of a series of nickel catalysts supported on alumina containing the promoters Mg, Mn, Ce and P was evaluated against the dry reforming of methane (DRM). Alumina support was obtained quickly and simply through the microwave-assisted combustion method using low levels of urea. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, TPR, FTIR and XRD in situ, proving that successive hydration and heat treatment steps during synthesis can generate modifications in the alumina phases, in addition to the formation of aluminate species that are reduced during the catalytic activation step and modify the level of interaction between active and support phases. The catalytic activity test was performed with GHSV = 100 L g−1 h−1 and the formed carbon was quantified by thermogravimetric analysis. The Mn promoter exhibited the highest methane conversion rate during the initial stages of the reaction, in which the presence of MnO2 favored parallel reactions of methane decomposition. The phosphorus and cerium produced smaller amounts of coke, reducing the carbon generated due to the interaction of promoters with carbon on the surface of the catalytic sites. The Mg increases the interaction of the active phase with the support.

Investigations on structural, dielectric, and third-order nonlinear optical studies of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles by microwave combustion method with different fuels (glycine, urea and citric acid)

In this article, Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via microwave-assisted combustion method. XRD investigation indicates the cubic spinel structure. At ambient temperature, the dielectric constant and loss were determined by modulating the applied frequency (50 Hz to 200 kHz). The calculated third-order NLO susceptibility (χ(3)) was found for glycine (2.385 × 10-6esu), urea (0.9696 × 10-6esu) and citric acid (2.755 × 10-6esu). However, this work reveals that synthesized NPs have high convenience for optoelectronic, optical switching, and limiting applications.

Impact of green-synthesized Mg-doped Mn ferrite nanoparticles on light-driven degradation of dyes and their optoelectronic applications

Using Ocimum sanctum extract as fuel, magnesium-doped manganese ferrite nanoparticles with the chemical formula MgxMn1−xFe2O4, where x = 0.0–0.6, were synthesized using a green microwave-assisted combustion method.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of ternary transition metal ferrite: Structural, morphological, optical, magnetic and electrochemical properties

Transition metal oxides are promising materials in photocatalysts, sensors, photovoltaics, and especially as supercapacitor electrodes for their rapid, reversible faradaic redox reactions. Nanosized ternary transition metal ferrite (NiMnFe 2 O 4 ) has been synthesized using an easy and inexpensive microwave-assisted combustion method. The powder XRD confirms the nanoparticles as in spinal cubic structure with space group Fd-3m. FTIR has analyzed to understand the vibration of metal ions in the prepared NiMnFe 2 O 4 . The elemental composition and surface morphology of the nanoparticles have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The UV–Visible diffuse reflectance spectra are used to examine the optical properties and to calculate the band gap energy of NiMnFe 2 O 4 , which is found to be 1.08 eV. The electrochemical properties of the prepared metal ferrite have been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The specific capacitance of the modified electrode is found to exhibit the highest value of 476 F/g at 5 mV/s. • Nanostructured ternary transition metal ferrite has been prepared by a low-cost Microwave-assisted combustion method. • SEM analysis exhibit the irregular shape morphology. • The prepared NiMnFe 2 O 4 electrode revealed a higher energy density of 1.226 W h/Kg and superior power density of 1125 W/kg. • Cyclic stability of the NiMnFe 2 O 4 exhibits capacity retention of 83.67%.

Mixed Spinel Co0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4 Ferrite Nanoparticles As a Magnetic Photocatalyst: Synthesis and Dye Degradation

In this paper, mixed spinel Co0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4 ferrite was synthesized by microwave-assisted combustion method. Photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized sample was investigated against methylene blue dye at room temperature at different exposure times (60-360 min.) under visible light. Phase impurity and surface morphology which are investigated with XRD analysis and field emission- scanning electron microscopy, indicate that a cubic spinel unit cell structure with a crystilite size and lattice constant are 22.5048nm and 8.37Å, respectively. The saturation magnetization exhibited directly from the hysteresis loop is (70.20emu/g). Optical properties for the investigated ferrites exhibited photo absorption from UV to visible region with an energy gap of (1.6 eV). Mainly two broad metal-oxygen bands for spinel Co0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4 ferrite photocatalyst are seen in FT-IR spectra. The degradation ratio of dye increased as exposure time was increased .

Synthesis, structural, micro structural, optical, magnetic and dielectric properties of Nd doped multiferroic Bismuth iron oxide

Neodymium doped Bismuth Iron Oxide (NdBiFeO3 - NBFO) with the composition Bi1-xNdxFeO3 (x = 0.02, 0.04&0.06) has been synthesized by microwave assisted combustion method. The properties of Neodymium (Nd3+) doped BFO nanoparticles were studied using various analytical techniques. The X-ray diffraction revealed the Rhombohedra phase formation of doped samples and decrease in crystallites size with increase in dopant concentration. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the presence of molecular vibration. Optical properties were studied using the UV data and optical band gaps of NBFO were calculated. The direct band gap of the materials is found to be 1.02eV, 1.78eV and 1.89eV for. The magnetic properties are studied using M-H graphs obtained from the Vibrational Sample Magnetometer. The M-H hysteresis loop shows decreased saturation magnetization (MS) and coercivity (HC) but increased remnant magnetization (M r) on substitution. The dielectric properties of doped samples were investigated using broad band dielectric spectrometer in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 10 MHz at room temperature.

Effect of Zinc Doping on Structural, Optical, Magnetic, and Catalytic Behavior of Co3O4 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Microwave-Assisted Combustion Method

Effect of Zinc Doping on Structural, Optical, Magnetic, and Catalytic Behavior of Co3O4 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Microwave-Assisted Combustion Method

A comprehensive study on the production and photocatalytic activity of copper ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by microwave-assisted combustion method as an effective photocatalyst

This study was planned in two stages. In the first stage, copper ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by microwave-assisted combustion method, and the effects of synthesis conditions on structural, magnetic, and morphological properties were investigated. The structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of the samples produced at each stage have been comprehensively characterized. The results obtained indicate that microwave irradiation alone is not sufficient to convert to copper ferrite by microwave-assisted combustion method; for this reason, the precursor sample produced by the microwave effect was subjected to heat treatment at temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 1000 °C, and the effects of the applied heat treatment temperature on the structural morphological and magnetic properties of the produced products were investigated. Accordingly, the optimum value of the heat treatment temperature was determined as 700 °C. In the second part of this study, copper ferrite nanoparticles produced under optimum conditions were used as photocatalysts for dye removal from wastewater by photocatalytic oxidation. In these experiments, the effects of parameters such as initial pollutant concentration, catalyst dosage, initial pH value, temperature, and light intensity on the removal efficiency were investigated. In these experiments, optimum operating conditions were determined as 10 mg/L for initial pollutant concentration, 8 for initial pH value, 0.10 g/L for catalyst dosage, 60 °C for temperature, and 8800 μW/cm2 for light intensity. The obtained results show that copper ferrite nanoparticles exhibit an excellent photocatalytic activity. Accordingly, it was determined that the most influential parameter for the removal efficiency in this process was the temperature. The effect of the initial pH value was minimal. In addition, it was determined that the temperature significantly increased the reaction rate. Kinetic studies on experimental data obtained from experiments performed with various parameters showed that the process is fully compatible with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.

Microwave assisted synthesis, photoluminescence and X-ray/gamma ray absoprtion properties of red CaZrO3:Eu3+ perovskite

Nanocrystalline orthorhombic CaZrO3:Eu3+ (1–4 ​mol%) perovskite was synthesized by microwave assisted combustion method. To know the phase purity, functional group, surface morphology, structural analysis and energy band gap, the synthesized sample was characterized by using various techniques. The powder X-ray diffraction analysis clearly confirms the formation of pure orthorhombic phase of CaZrO3:Eu3+ (1–4 ​mol%) nanoparticles. The surface morphology shows the formation of voids and pores which is the characteristic of combustion method. The d-spacings, selected area electron diffraction pattern and the crystallite size obtained from transmission electron microscopic analysis matches well with that of X-ray diffraction pattern.The optical energy band gap determined from Wood and Tauc's relation decreases with decrease in crystallite size and with increase in dopant concentration. The photoluminescence emission excited at 306 ​nm wavelength shows the characteristic peaks of Eu3+ ions. CIE and CCT coordinates clearly shows that CaZrO3:Eu3+ (1–4 ​mol%) nanophosphor is one of the promising candidate for display applications. Further, the interaction of X-ray/gamma radiation with CaZrO3:Eu3+ is also studied. We have reported the X-ray/gamma radiation interaction parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient and other parameters at different energies. The established data may be useful in the fields of radiation protection. Calcium and Zirconium being heavier elements, there is an expectation that, the CZ perovskite might be a good X-ray/gamma ray absorber and hence X-ray/gamma ray interaction parameters are discussed.

Green synthesis with Aloe Vera of MgAl2O4 substituted by Mn and without calcination treatment

Magnesium aluminates (MgAl2O4) with Mn substituting sites A and B were synthesized by the microwave-assisted combustion method applying high power (900 W) using Aloe Vera as a green chelating agent. The study evaluated the effect of the presence of Aloe Vera and the subsequent heat treatment on the structural characteristics of spinel powders by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of heat treatment was evaluated in two ways: with and without calcination. The results showed that the substitutes occurred forming the following phases: Mg0.21Mn2.36Al0.43O4, Mg0.13Mn2.63Al0.25O4, Mg0.31Mn2.06Al0.63O4 substituting site A; and MgMn1.88Al0.13O4 and MgMn1.75Al0.25O4 substituting site B. The presence of Mn and Aloe Vera ions affected the spinel crystal structure. The crystallinity degree is less intense when the magnesium aluminate was substituted by the Mn ion due to the amount of deformations in the crystal system induced by the substituent ion. However, the calcination of the powders increased the crystallinity degree in all scenarios. Furthermore, the substitution caused alteration in the lattice parameters due to the difference between the ionic radius of the substituent and the Mg2+ or Al3+ ion evidenced in the positions of 2θ. The spinel cubic phase was found in most materials, although the tetrahedral phase was observed in some Mn-substituted structures. The crystallite sizes of the powders were influenced by the presence of phytochemicals present in Aloe Vera. A decrease in crystallite size was observed when the materials were calcined as a result of the gasification of biomolecules from the plant extract. However, these biomolecules help in dissociating precursors, albeit slowly, which prevented crystallite growth. The use of Aloe Vera as a chelating agent proved to be efficient in the synthesis of magnesium aluminate spinels, pointing out the synthesized material as a promising route for the green synthesis field.

Study of Barium Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions Using Copper Ferrite and Copper Ferrite/rGO Magnetic Adsorbents

The development of advanced materials for the removal of heavy metal ions is a never-ending quest of environmental remediation. In this study, a facile and cost-effective approach was employed to synthesize copper ferrite (CF) and copper ferrite/reduced graphene oxide (CG) by microwave assisted combustion method for potential removal of barium ions from aqueous medium. The physiochemical characterizations indicated the formation of magnetic nanocomposite with an average crystallite size of CF and CG is 32.4 and 30.3 nm and with specific surface area of 0.66 and 5.74 m2/g. The magnetic results possess multidomain microstructures with saturation magnetization of 37.11 and 33.84 emu/g for CF and CG. The adsorption studies prove that upon addition of rGO on the spherical spinel ferrite, the adsorption performance was greatly improved for CG nanocomposite when compared with the bare CF nanoparticles. The proposed magnetic adsorbent demonstrated a relatively high Ba2+ adsorption capacity of 161.6 mg·g-1 for CG nanocomposite when compared to 86.6 mg·g-1 for CF nanoparticles under optimum conditions ([Formula: see text]). The pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), and Elovich models were fitted to the kinetic data, the yielded [Formula: see text] value of 0.9993 (PSO) for CF and 0.9994 (PSO) for CG which is greater than the other two models, which signify that the adsorption process is chemisorption. Thermodynamic studies show that barium adsorption using CF and CG adsorbents is endothermic. The as-fabricated CuFe2O4/rGO nanocomposite represents a propitious candidate for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions.

NiO–MgAl2O4 systems for dry reforming of methane: Effect of the combustion synthesis route in the catalysts properties

Ni-based catalysts supported on MgAl2O4 were synthesized by microwave-assisted combustion method, by varying the content of fuel and the route of addition of the active phase (one-pot or incipient impregnation). The catalysts were characterized by in-situ and ex-situ X-ray diffraction, N2 physisorption, temperature programmed reduction and thermogravimetric analysis. In-situ X-ray diffraction analysis (using synchrotron radiation) was used to identify and evaluate the nickel particle size after catalyst activation. The catalytic tests (dry reforming) were carried out at 800 °C for 12 h (GHSV = 72 Lh−1g −1) for both catalysts. It was observed that both the route of addition of the active phase and the amount of urea promoted different effects on the catalytic properties. The results indicate that the combination of the one-pot method with high urea content produces catalysts with high catalytic activity without the need of subsequent calcination.

Photocatalytic activity of cobalt aluminate nanoparticles synthesized by microwave-assisted combustion method

Cobalt aluminate is one of the most widely-used spinel aluminate types. It is known that various structural, magnetic and morphological properties of spinel ceramics can vary depending on the synthesis technique and the starting chemicals used. In this study, initially, heat treatment was applied to cobalt aluminate nanoparticles synthesized by the microwave-assisted combustion method and the effects of the applied heat treatment on the structural properties were investigated. Characterization studies showed that cobalt aluminate spinel pigments were successfully synthesized. The optimum heat treatment temperature was determined as 700 °C. Then, the synthesized cobalt aluminate nanoparticles were used as photocatalysts for dye removal by photocatalytic oxidation from a synthetic wastewater containing Astrazon red textile dye and their photocatalytic activity was investigated at different catalyst dosages. Moreover, the same particles were also produced by conventional combustion technique. Then, their photocatalytic activities were studied and the data were compared with the results obtained from the experiments made with the samples produced with microwave assisted combustion method under the same experimental conditions. The results show that cobalt aluminate nanoparticles synthesized by microwave assisted combustion exhibit a better photocatalytic activity. In experiments performed with samples produced via microwave-assisted combustion method, all dyestuff content in the solution containing 50 mg/L dye was completely removed under UV irradiation for approximately 60 min. It was determined that the catalyst dosage had an effect on the reaction rate and the reaction was found to be compatible with the pseudo first order kinetic model.

Microwave-assisted combustion synthesis of (GdxY2-x) O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles

(GdxY2-x)O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles were synthesized from stoichiometric metal nitrates mixture (oxidizer) and glycine (fuel) by microwave-assisted combustion method. (GdxY2-x)O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles were fully crystalized in solution combustion step by microwave irradiation. These nanoparticles were thermally treated at 300, 500, 700, 900, and 1100 ˚C for about 30 min to release the combustion-induced stresses. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) techniques. Based on the XRD spectra, the as-synthesized sample was crystalline and single-phase. The crystallinity of nanoparticles was further improved after additional thermal treatment. The main PL peaks intensity (PLI) at 612 nm and 590 nm (relating to 5D0-7F2 electric bipolar and 5D0-7F1 magnetic dipole transitions, respectively) were increased upon thermal treatment above 300˚C. The PLI was increased about twice of the as-synthesized sample upon thermal treatment at 1000 ˚C. The Chromaticity coordinates diagram of the emission were evaluated based on the 1931 CIE chromaticity diagram. TEM images confirmed the grain growth from ~25 nm to over 100 nm after thermal treatment. The substitution of Eu3+ instead of Y3+ was also confirmed by EDX point analysis in 3% (GdxY2-x) O3: Eu+3 structure. Crystallographic planes and the crystallinity of the as-synthesized samples were investigated using SAED patterns.

Study of physical and magnetic properties of Mg:Co3O4 spinels using L-Arginine as fuel

Magnesium doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via microwave assisted combustion method (MACM). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of pure Co3O4 and Mg2+ doped Co3O4(x = 0.1 and 0.3) confirmed the cubic spinel structure and without any additional impurity peaks. However, doping Mg2+ concentration, x = 0.3 and 0.5 sample was occur a new hexagonal phase, while the average crystallite size of the cubic spinel structure in the range from 48.5 nm to 15.5 nm. The FT-IR bands at 661 and 573 cm−1 are attributed to the Co–Ostretching mode of cubic spinel Co3O4 structure. The band gap calculated using Kubelka–Munk (K–M) technique and increasedband gap values withthe increase in Mg2+ content (1.87–3.60 eV), due to the causes of sub-bands in the energy band gap. The morphological study revealed the prepared samples exhibited intragranular pores and merged grains with discrete grain boundaries.Magnetization analysis revealed the appearance of para-/superpara- magnetic behavior at ±15KOe.

Synthesis and Study of Calcination Effect of Zinc Ferrite on the Structure and Morphology of Nanoparticles

Three samples of spinel powdered zinc ferrites were successfully fabricated via microwave-assisted combustion method followed by calcination at temperature of 500oC for three hours. Phase purity and surface morphology that estimated via XRD pattern and field emission-scanning electron microscopy images (FE-SEM) showed that the samples have cubic spinel - structure with average crystallite size is increase from 15.8 nm to 26.53 nm and from (23.03nm to 28.16 nm when glycine–to-nitrate ratio is decreased before and after calcination at 500 oC for three hours. However the calcination results is increase in average crystallite size and average lattice constant. FE-SEM image indicated that the particles Zinc ferrite possesses shape symmetry and uniformity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were us to study vibration mode in synthesized spinel ferrite. As calcination the absorption band of a specific bonds are shifted to a lower wavenumber.