Microturbine Generation System Research Articles

Optimized FOPID controller for improving steady state and transient response of Microturbine Generation system

The power system structure is complicated and the demand is increasing rapidly. In order to minimize the power losses and to reduce the power shortage, Distribution Generation (DG) is added in the power system. Microturbine Generation (MTG) is a new type of DG which has become popular source of electric power industries due to their fuel flexibility, reliability, power quality and its size. In this paper, the modelling and simulation analysis of the MTG system are carried out with Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (FOPID) controller to improve the overall performance of MTG system. The performance of the MTG system is studied under various linear and non-linear load conditions. The Microturbine model and converter controller models are simulated using MATLAB Software. FOPID controller is used to maintain constant voltage for various load conditions by maintaining the torque of the Microturbine (MT) system. The power quality of MTG system is analyzed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Analysis. To improve the power quality, LCL filter is added in this paper. The overall performance of MTG system is analyzed with and without FOPID controller. When the results are compared with conventional PI controller, the MTG system shows better performance in FOPID controller.

Model and Simulation of Micro Grid Based on Micro Gas Turbine

Site Microturbine Generation (MTG) is a distributed Generation technology with wide application prospect in micro grid. This paper introduces the single-axis micro-gas turbine power generation system in detail and studies its operation and control in micro-grid. In this paper, PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software is used to simulate the load tracking ability of the micro-turbine power generation system under the island operation mode, and the ability of the micro-turbine power generation system to stabilize the voltage and frequency under the two modes of island and grid connection. The simulation results verify the correctness of the micro gas turbine model and its flexible adjustment control mode according to the needs of micro grid operation, which has good operation characteristics.

Modeling and Efficient Control of Microturbine Generation System With Battery Energy Storage for Sensitive Loads

Modeling and Efficient Control of Microturbine Generation System With Battery Energy Storage for Sensitive Loads

Energy Management and Control Strategy of DC Source and Microturbine Generation System by Using PQ Controller and Droop Control in Islanded Mode

The requirements of power quality, public environment policy and expansion power demand are providing better opportunity to the microturbine (MTG) to be best microsources for improving the system stability, reliability and power quality. This paper presents modelling and control strategy of MTG system by using PQ controller and Droop control in islanded mode. The model developed in this work includes the individual components of prime mover like, compressor, heat exchanger, burner and turbine. The model of MTG system consists of microturbine, permanent magnet synchronous machine and power electronics interfacing circuit for generation and conversation from AC/DC/AC respectively and design of PQ controller including droop control with current and voltage loop and power loop. The simulations are carried out in islanded mode of the system to observe its behavior when supplying customer under variable load. It also incorporates modeling and simulation of microturbine with speed control, temperature control, and heat control, frequency control, voltage control and designing of filters in order to eradicate harmonics and suppress all kind of disturbance exist in network during transmission and distribution. The load following characteristics is observed and validated for this MTG-synchronous generator model in Matlab-Simulink environment with power system block.

The development of a control system for a small high speed steam microturbine generator system

Steam is a widely used energy source. In many situations steam is generated at high pressures and then reduced in pressure through control valves before reaching point of use. An opportunity was identified to convert some of the energy at the point of pressure reduction into electricity. To take advantage of a market identified for small scale systems, a microturbine generator was designed based on a small high speed turbo machine. This machine was packaged with the necessary control valves and systems to allow connection of the machine to the grid. Traditional machines vary the speed of the generator to match the grid frequency. This was not possible due to the high speed of this machine. The characteristics of the rotating unit had to be understood to allow a control that allowed export of energy at the right frequency to the grid under the widest possible range of steam conditions. A further goal of the control system was to maximise the efficiency of generation under all conditions. A further complication was to provide adequate protection for the rotating unit in the event of the loss of connection to the grid. The system to meet these challenges is outlined with the solutions employed and tested for this application.

Improvement of Microgrid Dynamic Performance under Fault Circumstances using ANFIS for Fast Varying Solar Radiation and Fuzzy Logic Controller for Wind System

Abstract The microgrid (MG) technology integrates distributed generations, energy storage elements and loads. In this paper, dynamic performance enhancement of an MG consisting of wind turbine was investigated using permanent magnet synchronous generation (PMSG), photovoltaic (PV), microturbine generation (MTG) systems and flywheel under different circumstances. In order to maximize the output of solar arrays, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique was used by an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS); also, control of turbine output power in high speed winds was achieved using pitch angle control technic by fuzzy logic. For tracking the maximum point, the proposed ANFIS was trained by the optimum values. The simulation results showed that the ANFIS controller of grid-connected mode could easily meet the load demand with less fluctuation around the maximum power point. Moreover, pitch angle controller, which was based on fuzzy logic with wind speed and active power as the inputs, could have faster responses, thereby leading to flatter power curves, enhancement of the dynamic performance of wind turbine and prevention of both frazzle and mechanical damages to PMSG. The thorough wind power generation system, PV system, MTG, flywheel and power electronic converter interface were proposed by using Mat-lab/Simulink.

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

2 Abstract : This paper presents the dynamic analysis of load following performances of split-shaft microturbine generator (MTG) and Diesel Generator systems considering P-I type load following and P-I type speed controllers under stand-alone mode of operation. In this paper microturbine system coupled with a synchronous generator (SG) is considered. The dynamic performances of split-shaft MTG and Diesel Generator system are also examined when they are connected together to satisfy the load demand. Finally, the MTG and diesel generator systems are connected to an 11 kV rural distribution network to examine the transient behaviour during active power injection. Simulation result for all the cases are analyzed and presented in this paper.

Dynamic Performances of Split-shaft Microturbine Generator (MTG) System In Stand-alone Mode and When Connected to a Rural Distribution Network

The article presents the dynamic analysis of split-shaft microturbinecoupled with synchronous generator. Dynamic studies of microturbinegenerator (MTG) system are investigated considering both speed con-troller and load following controller. It is shown that speed controller isnecessary for MTG system when there is a sudden increase or decrease ofload demand with respect to the reference set point. A new load followingcontroller with a frequency deviation as an input signal to it, is also pro-posed and eliminates the need of a speed controller for MTG system forvariations of load demand. Finally MTG system is connected to an 11 kVrural distribution network to examine the transient behavior during activepower injection. Simulation results for various cases are presented.

Dynamic Performances of Split-shaft Microturbine Generator (MTG) System In Stand-alone Mode and When Connected to a Rural Distribution Network

ABSTRACTThe article presents the dynamic analysis of split-shaft microturbine coupled with synchronous generator. Dynamic studies of microturbine generator (MTG) system are investigated considering both speed controller and load following controller. It is shown that speed controller is necessary for MTG system when there is a sudden increase or decrease of load demand with respect to the reference set point. A new load following controller with a frequency deviation as an input signal to it, is also proposed and eliminates the need of a speed controller for MTG system for variations of load demand. Finally MTG system is connected to an 11 kV rural distribution network to examine the transient behavior during active power injection. Simulation results for various cases are presented.

Development of a super high speed motor-generator and controller

To develop a super high speed motor-generator, it is essential to deal with magnetic analysis, dynamic analysis, and experimental evaluation of the heart of the MTG (Microturbine Generator) system, the motor-generator. An amorphous core is applied to a stator core for reduction of iron loss at high speed, and the motor-generator is analyzed with considerations focused on magnetic losses and the statistical optimum design. The performance of the amorphous core is validated by the analysis and experiment by back-to-back tests considering the AC load. Rotor dynamics is performed for dynamic stability at high speed using transient analysis orbit diagrams and compared with the experimental results. The simulation results of the generator are compared with the experiment. Also a super high speed controller of the MTG system is developed using a sensorless algorithm, power stack, gate driver, digital signal processing, analog circuit, and radiation heat design. Based on these results, a high speed motor-generator and controller are successfully developed.

Load-following performance analysis of a microturbine for islanded and grid connected operation

Modeling, simulation and performance analysis of a microturbine (MT) generator (MTG) system is carried out in this paper. The MTG system is consisting of a MT coupled with a synchronous generator. The proposed model incorporates power, speed and voltage controller for maintaining constant speed and voltage under variable loading condition. Modeling and simulation tasks are performed in MATLAB-SIMULINK platform for different loading conditions under isolated and grid connected modes. Performance study of the MTG system is carried out with and without both speed and voltage controller. It is observed from the simulation work that the MTG along with speed and voltage controller performs quite well under load disturbances, thereby, renders its suitability as a viable option for playing a key role as distributed generation for both isolated and grid connected mode of operation.

Performance verification of a high speed motor-generator for a microturbine generator

The Research Institute is developing a motor-generator that fits into a microturbine generator (MTG) system with a power density of 500W. This paper introduces the design, analysis, production and assessment of the heart of an MTG system, the motor-generator, whereby an amorphous core is applied creatively to a stator core. The motor-generator is designed and analyzed with consideration to losses and the circuit by magnetic analysis. The centrifugal force analysis is performed for the static stability, and rotor dynamics is performed for dynamic stability at high speed. Back-to-back tests are done to assess the power generation characteristic of the motor-generator. The noise, vibration, and the internal temperature of the motor-generator are considered. Based on these results, a high speed motor-generator is successfully developed.

Investigations on a Super High Speed Motor-Generator for Microturbine Applications Using Amorphous Core

The research institute is developing a motor-generator that fits into a microturbine generator (MTG) system with a power density of 500 W. This paper introduces the design, analysis, production and assessment of the heart of an MTG system, the motor-generator, whereby an amorphous core is applied creatively to a stator core. The motor-generator is designed and analyzed with consideration to losses and the circuit by magnetic analysis. The centrifugal force analysis is performed for the static stability, and rotor dynamics and unbalance analysis are performed for dynamic stability at high speed. CFD results are compared with the experiment, and are within a 3.2% deviation. Based on these results, a high-speed motor-generator is successfully developed.

Impact of Advance Control on Microturbine Generation System Performance

Advance control employed in microturbine generation system (MTGS) is expected to improve its performance in responding to grid faults. This paper compares the effect of advance control of MTGS power conversion topology on the performance in riding through the grid faults. The analysis and investigation study through simulation shows there is no significant different on MTGS output performance even advance control is employed for its rectifier.

Evaluation of the Level of Gaseous Fuel-Bound Sulfur on Fine Particulate Emission From a Low Emission Gas Turbine Engine

The present work investigates the effect of natural gas fuel sulfur on particulate emissions from stationary gas turbine engines used for electricity generation. Fuel sulfur from standard line gas was scrubbed using a system of fluidized reactor beds containing a specially designed activated carbon purposely built for sulfur absorption. A sulfur injection system using sonic orifices was designed and constructed to inject methyl mercaptan into the scrubbed gas stream at varying concentrations. Using these systems, particulate emissions created by various fuel sulfur levels between 0 and 15 ppmv were investigated. Particulate samples were collected from a Capstone C65 microturbine generator system using a Horiba MDLT-1302TA microdilution tunnel and analyzed using a Horiba MEXA-1370PM particulate analyzer. In addition, ambient air samples were collected to determine incoming particulate levels in the combustion air. The Capstone C65 engine air filter was also tested for particulate removal efficiency by sampling downstream of the filter. To further differentiate the particulate entering the engine in the combustion air from particulate being emitted from the exhaust stack, two high efficiency high-efficiency particulate air filters were installed to eliminate a large portion of incoming particulate. Variable fuel sulfur testing showed that there was a strong correlation between total particulate emission factor and fuel sulfur concentration. Using eleven variable sulfur tests, it was determined that an increase of 1 ppmv fuel sulfur will produce an increase of approximately 2.8 μg/m3 total particulate. Also, the correlation predicted that, for this particular engine, the total particulate emission factor for zero fuel sulfur was approximately 19.1 μg/m3. With the elemental carbon and organic carbon data removed, the correlation became 2.5 μg/m3 of sulfur particulate produced for each ppmv of fuel sulfur. The correlation also predicted that with no fuel sulfur present, 7.8 μg/m3 of particulate will be produced by sulfur passing through the engine air filter.

Modeling and Performance Analysis of Microturbine Generation System in Grid Connected/Islanding Operation

Distributed generation (DG) has drawn a great attention in distribution network due to reduction in transmission loss, load sharing property and improving the power quality. Among the different source of DG, the microturbine generation (MTG) system has a good record of improving the system stability, reliability and power quality. This paper presents modeling and performance analysis of MTG system in grid connected and islanding modes of operation. The model developed in this work includes the individual components of prime mover like, compressor, heat exchanger, burner and turbine. The model of MTG system consists of microturbine, permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) and power electronics interfacing circuit for generation and conversation from AC/DC/AC respectively. The MTG system uses a DC link voltage to control the microturbine output power by fuel and air flow control methodology. The DC link power is delivered to the load through a voltage source inverter (VSI) with pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. The model of MTG system has been implemented using Matlab/Simulink environment and its simulation result shows the load following performance of MTG system for various loads.

Fuel and Cost Optimization of Grid-Connected MTG-PV-Based Hybrid System

An MTG-PV hybrid system is a reliable DG-based system because PV is unpredictable non-traditional energy source whereas Mictroturbine is a controllable traditional energy source, which will cancel out each other’s drawbacks. In this paper, a microturbine generation system (MTG) is considered as the backup generation to meet the energy requirements when solar energy is not suffi cient. Main objective of this paper is optimization of Fuel and Cost of grid-connected MTG-PV hybrid system. Analysis of power management and fuel optimization is carried out using the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Models for Energy Resources) power optimization software by NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) is used to optimize the cost of the hybrid system.

Performance of Fuzzy Logic Based Microturbine Generation System Connected to Grid/Islanded Mode

Performance of Fuzzy Logic Based Microturbine Generation System Connected to Grid/Islanded Mode

Fuzzy Logic Controlled Microturbine Generation System for Distributed Generation

The microturbine based Distributed Generation (DG) system are becoming the popular source of power industries due to their fuel flexibility, reliability and power quality. The microturbine generation (MTG) system is a complicated thermodynamic electromechanical system with a high speed of rotation, frequency conversion and its control strategy. In spite of several techniques to control high speed of microturbine is not accurate and reliable due to their anti-interference problem. To resolve the anti-interfacing problem, this paper investigates the fuzzy logic based speed governor for a MTG system as an alternative to nominal PI or lead-lag based controller. The development of fuzzy logic based speed governor includes input and output membership function with their respective members. The load variation on MTG system is performed using conventional and fuzzy logic controller, implemented in Matlab/simulink and results are compared with each other. The simulation result shows that, the performance improvement of fuzzy logic governor over a nominal governor based MTG system.

Fixed Pitch Wind Turbine-Based Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Model for Wind Energy Conversion Systems

The countries all over the world have emphasis on green energy and wind systems can play a vital role for renewable energy systems. In this work, real value model of wind turbine has been formulated. The mechanical torque and power captured by the wind turbine has also been verified for the real value WT Model. The fixed pitch wind-driven wind turbine model has been utilized for generation of power with permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). This paper presents a dynamic model of a microturbine generation system. The components of the system are built from the dynamics of each part with their interconnections. The model is implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink using SimPower Systems library. The performance of the implemented model is studied with an isolated load. The SIMULINK model of the entire system with wind turbine has been developed and the results are obtained for voltage and current waveforms on load end side as well as for PMSM. The current and voltage waveforms are obtained with RL and LCL filter.