Foliar Application Of Micronutrients Research Articles

Foliar application of micronutrient formulations for enhanced growth and yield of cabbage

Cabbage is a prominent leafy vegetable belonging to the cole group of vegetables. To increase its productivity, nutrient management involving use of micronutrients is one of the most important practices. Consequently, the present study was conducted to assess the efficacy of four laboratory-prepared micronutrient formulations (Micromix A; Mix-A, Micromix B; Mix-B, Micromix C; Mix-C and Micromix D; Mix-D) on growth and yield of cabbage. For comparison two micronutrient formulations available in the market, Arka Vegetable Special and Agromin were also undertaken in this study. The results revealed a significant improvement in morphological parameters like fresh stem weight, fresh root weight, root length, head weight per plant and open leaf weight per plant as a result of foliar application of micronutrient formulations as compared to the control. Additionally, it was discovered that foliar application of Mix-A, Mix-B, Mix-C and Mix-D increased the yield of cabbage by 14.04 %, 20.25 %, 27.14 % and 23.14 %, respectively over the control. Furthermore, among different formulations, Mix-C proved more effective as compared to the rest of the treatments. Thus, it can be inferred that foliar application of micronutrients has great potential in improving the yield and yield characteristics of cabbage.

Biofortification in garden peas through multi-micronutrient formulations

Soil micronutrient deficiencies lead to crops with low essential element concentrations, affecting human health through micronutrient malnutrition. Effective practices, like foliar nutrient application, improve crop quality and reduce malnutrition. The garden pea (Pisum sativum L. var. hortense) is cultivated worldwide for its nutritional value and such nutrient-rich crops, through agronomic biofortification, offer a sustainable solution to global health issues by addressing micronutrient deficiencies. Four liquid micronutrient formulations [Treatment 1 (T1), Treatment 2 (T2), Treatment 3 (T3), and Treatment 4 (T4)] were prepared using either water or vermiwash as a carrier, with variations that included the presence or absence of plant growth regulators (GA3 + NAA)] and evaluated along with commercially available formulations [Arka Vegetable Special (T5) and ProKissan (T6)]. Micronutrient formulations, particularly T3, demonstrated notable effects on various parameters, including plant height, biomass, root characteristics, pod weight, and micronutrient contents in seeds of garden pea var. Kashi Nandini. T3 significantly outperformed other formulations in promoting plant growth, resulting in higher values for plant height, biomass, branches per plant, nodule mass, root biomass, surface area, volume, and density. Yield parameters such as pod length, weight, number of pods, and seeds per pod were also positively influenced by micronutrient treatments, with T3 leading to the highest overall yield, with a 24.09 % increase per plant and a 13.39 % increase per hectare compared to the control. Additionally, foliar application of micronutrients increased the concentration of copper, zinc, iron, and manganese in seeds, positively impacting seed quality. Quality parameters, including total soluble solids, protein, total phenol, and total flavonoid contents, were significantly improved by micronutrient treatments, with T3 showing the most favorable outcomes. Texture analysis indicated that peas treated with T3 had lower firmness values, suggesting maintained tenderness and sweetness. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive associations between various growth parameters, yield traits, and micronutrient contents. Overall, foliar micronutrient application proved to be a valuable biofortification strategy for enhancing the performance and quality of garden peas.

Influence of sowing dates and fertilisation on yield and quality of winter wheat grain

New wheat varieties exhibit a high adaptive potential for productivity. The question of improving cultivation technologies, specifically sowing dates, optimised fertilisation systems, and micronutrient application, remains relevant to fully realise the genetic potential of these varieties under specific soil and climatic conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of sowing dates, fertilisation, and foliar application of micronutrients on the yield and quality parameters of winter wheat grown in the Western Forest-Steppe zone. A field experiment was conducted on grey forest surface-gleyed soils during 2021-2023. The study evaluated the yield formation parameters and quality indicators of the winter wheat varieties Estafeta myronivska, Dovira odeska, and Akhim under sowing dates of 20 September, 5 October, and 20 October. It was determined that the yield and grain quality of the studied wheat varieties varied under the influence of sowing dates, fertilisation, and foliar micronutrient application. Sowing winter wheat on 5 October resulted in the highest yields over the years of the study: on average, 5.29 t/ha for the Estafeta myronivska, 4.78 t/ha for Dovira odeska, and 5.05 t/ha for Akhim. The highest productivity (5.83 t/ ha) was achieved by sowing Estafeta myronivska with N120P90K90 fertilisation and foliar application of the Aidamin complex. Across all wheat varieties, protein content, gluten content, and vitreousness increased from the earliest to the latest sowing dates. The findings of this study can be applied to enhance the productivity of winter wheat agroecosystems and produce high-quality grain under production conditions

Response of Micronutrients and GA3 Foliar Feeding on Yield Attributes of Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) Fruit cv. Banarasi Karaka, India

The present investigation was conducted on twenty-nine-year-old ber plants grown in sodic soil condition at Main Experimental Station, Department of Fruit Science, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology Kumarganj Ayodhya (U.P) during the year 2022-23 and 2023-24 to investigate the response of foliar application of micronutrients and GA3 on yield attributes of ber. The experiment comprised of two foliar applications during September and November with five treatments on the cultivar Banarasi karakawith four replication. The data was recorded and analysed by using Randomised block design. Under the investigation, ber plants were studied for the parameter of fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, fruit specific gravity, yield. The maximum fruit weight (21.68 g), fruit length (4.48 cm), fruit width (3.48 cm), fruit specific gravity (0.982), yield (16.81 t/ha) was recorded in plants sprayed with ZnSO4 0.5% + Borax 0.5% + GA3 10 ppm, which was significantly superior over all other treatments. It was followed by T3 (Borax 0.5%), T2 (ZnSO4 0.5%) and T4 (GA3 10 ppm) treatments. The maximum fruit weight (15.86 g), fruit length (3.63 cm), fruit width (2.40 cm), fruit specific gravity (0.973), yield (12.69 t/ha) was recorded in control.

Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on seed quality and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.)

Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on seed quality and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.)

Enhancing rice yields through foliar application of essential micronutrients: A study on zinc, copper, and boron nutrition in context of Nepal

Quantitative data on the effects of essential micronutrients—boron, zinc, and copper—on rice (Oryza sativa L.) are limited, which hampers optimized crop management strategies. This study aimed to enhance rice yields through the foliar application of these micronutrients. Conducted in 2022 at Gokuleshwor Agriculture and Animal Science College using a randomized complete block design with three replications, the research tested different combinations of these elements on the local rice variety Kaljade. The treatments included: T1 (control), T2 (zinc), T3 (copper), T4 (boron), T5 (Zn + Cu + B), T6 (Zn + Cu), and T7 (Zn + B), with doses of 5 kg/ha for zinc and 2 kg/ha each for boron and copper. The results demonstrated significant effects of the micronutrient treatments on all parameters studied. Notably, the combination of zinc, copper, and boron (Zn + Cu + B) led to the most favorable outcomes. This treatment resulted in the shortest maturity duration (116.3 days after transplanting), the highest number of tillers (22.5), and the tallest plant height (107.7 cm). Additionally, Zn + Cu + B produced the greatest leaf area index (0.0724), the highest number of grains per panicle (22.6), and the heaviest thousand-grain weight (21.83 g). Furthermore, Zn + Cu + B achieved the highest biological yield (12.35 t/ha) and grain yield (5.9 t/ha), markedly higher than the control treatment (4.12 t/ha). These findings highlight the significant role of zinc, copper, and boron in rice cultivation. The study underscores the potential of foliar application techniques to optimize micronutrient availability, thereby enhancing rice yields. For future agricultural practices in the study area, focusing on zinc, copper, and boron nutrition is crucial to further augment crop productivity and ensure food security.

Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on yield attributes, yield and chemical characters of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Amrapali

Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on yield attributes, yield and chemical characters of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Amrapali

Seed Coating Treatments and Foliar Spray of Micronutrients Enhance Quality of Harvested Seeds in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

To study the effect of different seed coating treatments and foliar application of micronutrients on quality seed production in pea, analysis of harvested seed was done at laboratory of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). Seeds from field experiment were harvested and were evaluated in the laboratory conditions based on the different parameters. In field experiment, there were seven different treatments comprising, seed coating with Rhizobium, Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, iron, zinc, carbendazim along with control and foliar application of micronutrients. From the investigation, it was observed that seed coating with Rhizobium @ 30 g + PSB @ 30 ml kg-1 seed and two foliar sprays of ZnSO4 @ 0.3 % + FeSO4 @ 0.3 % at 50 per cent flowering and 15 days later, significantly improved the germination (96.00 %), seedling length (19.29 cm), seedling dry weight (34.80 mg), SVI-I (1851.62), SVI-II (3341.38), germination in accelerated ageing test and in cold test (77.75 % and 80 %, respectively) and resulted in the lowest EC (16.75 μS cm-1) of harvested seeds. Hence, it was concluded that seed coating with Rhizobium @ 30 g + PSB @ 30 ml kg-1 seed and two foliar sprays of ZnSO4 @ 0.3 % + FeSO4 @ 0.3 % performed best among all the treatments tested for quality seed production and it could be recommended for getting quality seeds in garden pea.

Effect of Sulphur and Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)

A field experiment was conducted at village Raita, Taluka Kalyan, District Thane during Rabi 2023 on peanut crop (Arachis hypogaea L) in a medium black calcareous slightly alkaline soil. The experiment was carried out to study the effect of elemental Sulphur application at the rate of 60 kg/ha along with a foliar spray of micronutrients (Cu 1.0%, Zn 3.0%, Mn 1.0%, Fe 2.5%, B 0.5%, Mo 0.1%). The trial used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments that were replicated five times each. T1 is the control, T2 is 100% RDF, or the recommended NPK 25:50:30 alone, T3 is the recommended NPK with 60 kg/ha of elemental S, T4 is the recommended NPK with 60 kg/ha coupled with foliar micronutrient spray, and T5 is the recommended NPK with foliar micronutrient spray. The yield and its attributes were significantly influenced when elemental Sulphur and foliar spray of micronutrients were applied. Plant height, number of pods/plant, and peanut seed output were significantly improved with the application of the prescribed fertilizer dose, 60 kg/ha of elemental sulphur, and a foliar spray of micronutrients (T4). The maximum plant height (56.1 cm), number of pods/plant (35.6), weight of pods/plant (92.1gm), weight of pod (1798.8 kg/ha), Haulm yield (2761.7 kg/ha), Dry weigh/plant (36.60gm), 100 seed weight (44.3gm) were all substantially greater in treatment (T4), Sulphur application of 60kg/ha significantly increased the content and uptake of primary nutrients and micronutrients by the plants at the harvested stage, as well showed a profound effect on soil physico-chemical properties.

Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on summer mungbean varieties on alluvial soil of West Bengal

A field experiment was carried out during the summer seasons of 2020 and 2021 at Jaguli Instructional Farm, BCKV, Nadia (West Bengal), in the Gangetic alluvial soil, to assess the effect of varieties and micronutrient foliar spray on growth parameters, yield components, yield and economics of mungbean. Results revealed that different varieties significantly promoted growth parameters and variety Meha was found to be superior. Growth parameters was significantly higher under molybdenum foliar spray over other micronutrients foliar spray. The maximum number of pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod and test weight were found in plants receiving sodium molybdenum foliar spray at 0.05%. Maximum seed yield and stover yield were also recorded in the same treatment where 0.05% sodium molybdenum spraying was done at pre flowering and pod development stage. Variety showed significant variation in pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod and test weight and were maximum in variety Meha. Both seed and stover yield were highest in case of variety Meha over others. The gross returns, net returns and benefit: cost ratio were maximum in Meha variety with foliar application of sodium molybdenum. Hence, variety Meha with foliar spray of molybdenum could be more effective in augmenting mungbean growth, yield and economics in the Gangetic plains of West Bengal in the summer season.

Nutri-fortification of grain Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) through soil and foliar application of micronutrients

Nutri-fortification of grain Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) through soil and foliar application of micronutrients

Foliar Application of Micronutrients and Low Molecular Weight Polysaccharides on White Radish Grown in Impoverished Soil

Foliar application has been considered as the most effective way to supplement nutrients for crops. Besides macro- and micro-nutrients, foliar fertilizers should contain surfactants to wet plant leaves, and other adjuvants to control spray and prolong the retention time of nutrients on the leaf surface. Having diverse structures and properties, some polysaccharides can not only be used as drift control or adhesion agents to improve performance on the leaf and reduce washout of agrochemicals by rainwater, but also be utilized as plant growth promoters (PGP) or immuno-stimulating agents in agricultural production. In this study, low molecular weight chitosan and xanthan obtained by radiation degradation have been added to the microelement fertilizers to control diseases, promote the growth and development of vegetables, and further increase their nutrient uptake. Field trials on white radishes grown on impoverished soil revealed that the resulting foliar fertilizers significantly reduced the infection of popular pests and diseases, remarkably promoted the growth and development of the radish plants. The yield attributes and marketable yield of radish from all treatments were much higher than those of the control. The highest yields were 61.99 and 64.94 tons per ha in season 2019 and 2020, respectively, in the plants treated with the fertilizer containing both chitosan and xanthan. These results suggest that the fertilizer composed of micronutrients and low molecular weight chitosan and xanthan could be applied for better vegetable crops.

The Influence of Applying Foliar Micronutrients at Nodulation and the Physiological Properties of Common Soybean Plants

Legumes, due to their symbiosis with papillary bacteria, can receive nitrogen from the air. The remaining nutrients must be supplied in fertilisers, either soil or foliar. In the pot experiment, we recorded the responses of two soybean cultivars (Annushka, Pompei) to the foliar application of micronutrients (control, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, B, or Mo). The physiological properties were expressed as net photosynthetic rate (PN), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry (Fv/F0), photosynthetic performance index (PI), and the development of soil plant analyses (SPAD), which were analysed. The effects of individual micronutrients on nodulation, plant growth, and condition were also investigated. Micronutrient fertilisation had a positive effect on plant fresh weight and no negative effect on plant condition. It was shown that elements such as B, Fe, and Mo had the most beneficial effect on nodulation compared to the control, regardless of the cultivar analysed. The application of single-component foliar fertilisers improved the physiological parameters of the plants. The relative chlorophyll content was most favourably affected by the application of Mn, B, and Mo in the Annushka cultivar, and Fe, Mn, and Mo in the Pompei cultivar. Similarly, in the case of chlorophyll fluorescence, the most stimulating effect was found for Mn and B, regardless of the cultivar. In the case of gas exchange, the application of Fe, Mo, and B for the Annushka cultivar and Cu for the Pompei cultivar had the most favourable effect on physiological measurements. The results obtained indicate that the foliar application of the evaluated micronutrients is justified in soybean cultivation and does not disturb the nodulation process.

Role of Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Growth and Yield of Pulses: A Review

Pulses respond positively to micronutrients application, particularly during the reproductive stages, their application is still uncommon. The current review suggest that foliar application of Zn, Fe or Mo had a favourable impact on growth indicators and grain yield. protein content, total and active nodule counts and yield components plant-1. Molybdenum is essential for the development of nodule tissue and an increase in N2 fixation, both of which are necessary for Rhizobium to increase the nitrogen fixation process.

Agro-Physiologic Traits of Soybean in Response to Biological Fertilizers

Plant nutrition is one of the most important environmental factors affecting the quantitative and qualitative yield of crops. This study investigated the effect of rhizobium and azospirillum inoculum and foliar application of humic acid and nutrients of molybdenum, cobalt, and boron on node formation, yield, yield components, and morpho-phenological traits of soybean (Saman cultivar). The experiment was carried out in a factorial randomized complete block design at Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in 2018 and 2019 in three replications. The results showed that experimental treatments had a significant effect on the measured traits. Most of the measured traits, including yield, under the influence of seed treatment with bacteria azospirillum and cobalt, molybdenum, boron showed more increase than the control. It was found that under humic treatment, application of bacteria and nutrients can be effective on improvement of seed yield, so the highest seed yield mean (3268 kg/ha) was obtained by humic acid + Rhizobium+Azospirillum + Co+Mo+B treatments. Also, the highest protein yield mean was obtained by humic acid + Rhizobium + Co+Mo+B treatments (1103 kg/ha) and highest mean of oil yield was obtained by humic acid + Rhizobium+Azospirillum + Co+Mo treatments (577 kg/ha). Overall, the results of this study confirmed the efficiency of nitrogen-fixing bacteria as well as foliar application of micronutrients in increasing soybean yield per unit area.

Effect of foliar application of micronutrients and urea on mungbean varieties

Experiment was carried out to at the Agronomy field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU). The treatments comprised of four variety and three fertilizer including control. Varieties were V1= BINA Mung-8, V2=BARI mung-2, V3=BARI mung-5 and V4=BARI mung-6 and treatments were T0 = control, T1 =micro nutrient, T2= micronutrient and urea. The experiment was laid-out in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The maximum plant height was found at BARI mung-6 (29.7). Maximum nodule number was found at BARI mung-6 variety (5.90). The number of effective nodule was highest at BARI mung-6 variety (2.36). In case of no of seed per pod and 1000-seed weight, BARI mung-6 variety gave highest value and those were 11.25 and 70.5 g respectively. Maximum plant height, nodule number, number of effective nodule and number of pod per plant were found at T2 treatment. The pod length, seed per pod and 1000-seed; T2 treatment gave the highest value and those were 5.5 cm, 11.25 and 65.64 g respectively. In case of plant height, chlorophyll content, number of nodule, number of effective nodule, pod per plant, pod length, pod weight/m2, seed per pod and 1000-seed weight, combined effecr of BARI mung-6 x micronutrient and urea (T2) gave highest value and those were (29.95, 47.5, 6.17, 2.40, 6.20, 6.20, 76.75, 11.20) cm and 68.45 g respectively. This result revealed that mungbean variety BARI mung-6 and T2 treatment performed best in combination (V4T2).

Studies on the Effect of Foliar Application of Micronutrients for Growth, Yield, Economic Traits and Leaf Nutrient Content in Cashew (Anacardium occidantale L.) Var. VRI 3

The present field experiment on studies on the effect of foliar application of micronutrients for growth, yield, economic traits and leaf nutrient content of cashew var. VRI-3 was carried out at Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam and an experiment was conducted at a farmer’s field at Kandamanur, Theni District during the year 2016 – 2017, 2017 – 2018 and 2018 – 2019. The objective is to enhance the growth, flowering, nut yield, and economic traits of cashew var. VRI 3. Experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments and replicated thrice. Foliar application of micronutrients was done three times in a year June – July, October – November and January – February with ten years old randomly selected trees. Experimental results revealed that the highest values of growth, flowering and yield traits were recorded in the treatment T4 (NPK + micronutrient combination II (Recommended dose of fertilizer along with 0.75 % ZnSO4 + 0.75 % CuSO4 + 0.75 % FeSO4 + 0.2 % MnSO4 + 0.5 % Boric acid) such as plant height, number of panicle per m2, number of fruits per panicle, average apple weight, number of fruits per tree, average nut weight, 100 nut weight, yield per tree, estimated yield and B:C ratio for three years whereas the control (T1) registered the lowest values for all the traits were observed. The same trend was noticed in leaf nutrient content. T4 exhibited the highest values of leaf nutrient content such as N,P,K and micronutrient contents viz., Iron, Zinc, Manganese and Copper whereas the lowest values were recorded in control (T1). In the present study it was concluded that the T4 registered the highest values for growth, yield and economic traits of cashew var. VRI-3.

Assessment of Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Yield Attributes and Yield of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

The present investigation entitled “Assessment of foliar application of micronutrients on yield attributes and yield of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)” was conducted at Research and Instructional Farm, Department of Horticulture, BTC College of Agriculture and Research Station, Bilaspur (C.G.) during Rabi Season of 2022-2023. The experiment was carried out in RBD design with three replications. Ten treatments were created by different doses of micronutrients in Brinjal variety BR-112 (Black beauty). The treatment were Control plot (T1), RDF (T2), RDF+ZnSO4 (0.4%) (T3), RDF+ZnSO4 (0.5%) (T4), RDF+Borax (0.4%) (T5), RDF+Borax (0.5%) (T6), RDF+CuSO4 (0.4%) (T7), RDF+CuSO4 (0.5%) (T8), RDF+FeSO4 (0.4%) (T9), RDF+FeSO4 (0.5%) (T10). The recommended package of practices in Brinjal were followed as per requirement. Yield and yield attributing characters such as highest number of flowers plant-1 (42), highest number of fruits plant-1 (32.68), maximum fruit diameter (9.35cm), highest fruit length (15.53cm), highest fruit weight (78.20g), minimum days required for first flower initiation (38.60), earliest days to first fruit harvest (57.54) was observed in treatment T4 (RDF+ZnSO4 0.5%). Total number of harvest (picking) did not differ significantly due to effect of different micronutrients.

Response of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) to micronutrient foliar application enriched with silver

Response of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) to micronutrient foliar application enriched with silver

Retroaction of Summer Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) towards Foliar Application of NPK and Micronutrients on Content and Uptake of Nutrients in Medium Black Calcareous Soil of South Saurashtra Region

A field trial was steered to ascertain the outcome of foliar application of NPK and micronutrients on nutrient content and uptake by sesame crop during the summer season of 2022 on medium black calcareous soil of Instructional Farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, India. The experiment was conducted with three replications and 10 treatments by using Randomized Block Design (RBD), the GJT-5 variety of sesame was tested in this experiment. The treatment consists of 100 % recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), viz. 50:25:40 N-P2O5-K2O kg /ha (T1), T1 + Foliar spray of multi micro. mixture grade-IV (MMMG) @ 0.25 % at 30 and 45 days after sowing (DAS) (T2), 75 % of RDF + 1.5 % Water Soluble Fertilizer at 30 and 45 DAS (T3), 75 % of RDF + 2.0 % Water Soluble Fertilizer at 30 and 45 DAS (T4), 50 % of RDF + 1.5 % Water Soluble Fertilizer at 30 and 45 DAS (T5), 50 % of RDF + 2.0 % Water Soluble Fertilizer at 30 and 45 DAS (T6), T3 + Foliar spray of multi micro mixture grade - IV @ 0.25 % at 30 and 45 DAS (T7), T4 + Foliar spray of MMMG- IV @ 0.25 % at 30 and 45 DAS (T8), T5 + Foliar spray of MMMG- IV @ 0.25 % at 30 and 45 DAS (T9) and T6 + Foliar spray of MMMG- IV @ 0.25 % at 30 and 45 DAS (T10). The results of the experimentation revealed that the application of T4 + Foliar spray of MMMG- IV @ 0.25 % (T8) at 30 and 45 DAS) recorded the significantly higher content of N, P and K and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu and B) in seed and stover of sesame and also enhanced the uptake of these nutrients by plant as well as the availability of Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium in soil after harvest of the crop. Significantly, they were at par with the application of T3 + Foliar spray of MMMG- IV @ 0.25 % (T7) at 30 and 45 DAS). While, the significantly lowest values of nutrient content and uptake were recorded with 50 % of RDF + 1.5 % Water Soluble Fertilizer (T5) at 30 and 45 DAS.