Microgreen Production Research Articles

Production of tambaqui juveniles (Colossoma macropomum) and arugula microgreens (Eruca sativa) in small-scale aquaponic systems: technical and economic viability

Production of tambaqui juveniles (Colossoma macropomum) and arugula microgreens (Eruca sativa) in small-scale aquaponic systems: technical and economic viability

Biofeedback-Based Closed-Loop Phytoactuation in Vertical Farming and Controlled-Environment Agriculture.

This work focuses on biohybrid systems-plants with biosensors and actuating mechanisms that enhance the ability of biological organisms to control environmental parameters, to optimize growth conditions or to cope with stress factors. Biofeedback-based phytoactuation represents the next step of development in hydroponics, vertical farming and controlled-environment agriculture. The sensing part of the discussed approach uses (electro)physiological sensors. The hydrodynamics of fluid transport systems, estimated electrochemically, is compared with sap flow data provided by heat-based methods. In vivo impedance spectroscopy enables the discrimination of water, nutrient and photosynthates in the plant stem. Additionally to plant physiology, the system measures several air/soil and environmental parameters. The actuating part includes a multi-channel power module to control phytolight, irrigation, fertilization and air/water preparation. We demonstrate several tested in situ applications of a closed-loop control based on real-time biofeedback. In vertical farming, this is used to optimize energy and water consumption, reduce growth time and detect stress. Biofeedback was able to reduce the microgreen production cycle from 7 days to 4-5 days and the production of wheatgrass from 10 days to 7-8 days, and, in combination with biofeedback-based irrigation, a 30% increase in pea biomass was achieved. Its energy optimization can reach 25-30%. In environmental monitoring, the system performs the biological monitoring of environmental pollution (a low concentration of O3) with tomato and tobacco plants. In AI research, a complex exploration of biological organisms, and in particular the adaptation mechanisms of circadian clocks to changing environments, has been shown. This paper introduces a phytosensor system, describes its electrochemical measurements and discusses its tested applications.

Assessment of Vegetable Species for Microgreen Production in Unheated Greenhouses: Yield, Nutritional Composition, and Sensory Perception.

Cultivating microgreens in central-southern Chile in unheated greenhouses offers a viable and productive alternative to growers. In 2023, two experiments were conducted in autumn and spring. These experiments involved the production of microgreens of eleven vegetable species. The tray system with the substrate was employed. Subsequently, agronomic, nutritional, and sensory perception variables were assessed. Despite notable fluctuations in external temperatures between these seasons, a diverse array of microgreens can be successfully cultivated, meeting local consumer preferences. Research indicates that microgreens grown under these conditions exhibit high nutritional quality, serving as a rich source of essential nutrients and bioactive compounds beneficial to human health. This nutritional value remains consistent across autumn and spring, establishing microgreens as a reliable and valuable food option. The observed acceptance and purchasing intentions among the surveyed population suggest a promising market opportunity for introducing these products regionally. Consumers appreciate microgreens' quality and nutritional advantages, underscoring their potential.

Optimizing Water, Temperature, and Density Conditions for In Vitro Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Germination.

This study aimed to determine the optimal water, temperature, and density conditions, alongside antifungal treatments, for pea (Pisum sativum L.) germination in a laboratory setting, with implications for research, breeding, and microgreen production. Germination and early seedling growth were assessed across various temperatures (5 °C to 40 °C), water levels (0-14 mL per Petri dish), seed densities (5, 7, 9, and 11 seeds per Petri dish), and antifungal treatments (Hypo and Bordeaux mixture). The results indicated that optimal germination occurred between 15 °C and 25 °C, with peak performance at 25 °C. Water levels between 7 and 11 mL per 9 cm diameter Petri dish supported robust root and shoot development, while minimal water levels initiated germination but did not sustain growth. Five seeds per Petri dish was optimal for healthy development, whereas higher densities led to increased competition and variable outcomes. Antifungal treatments showed slight improvements in germination and growth, though differences were not statistically significant compared to controls. The study's novelty lies in its holistic approach to evaluating multiple factors affecting pea germination, offering practical guidelines for enhancing germination rates and seedling vigor. These findings support efficient and resilient crop production systems adaptable to varying environmental conditions, contributing to sustainable agriculture and food security. Future research should explore these factors in field settings and across different pea cultivars to validate and refine the recommendations.

Microgreens Production: Exploiting Environmental and Cultural Factors for Enhanced Agronomical Benefits.

An exponential growth in global population is expected to reach nine billion by 2050, demanding a 70% increase in agriculture productivity, thus illustrating the impact of global crop production on the environment and the importance of achieving greater agricultural yields. Globally, the variety of high-quality microgreens is increasing through indoor farming at both small and large scales. The major concept of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) seeks to provide an alternative to traditional agricultural cultivation. Microgreens have become popular in the twenty-first century as a food in the salad category that can fulfil some nutrient requirements. Microgreens are young seedlings that offer a wide spectrum of colours, flavours, and textures, and are characterised as a "functional food" due to their nutraceutical properties. Extensive research has shown that the nutrient profile of microgreens can be desirably tailored by preharvest cultivation and postharvest practices. This study provides new insight into two major categories, (i) environmental and (ii) cultural, responsible for microgreens' growth and aims to explore the various agronomical factors involved in microgreens production. In addition, the review summarises recent studies that show these factors have a significant influence on microgreens development and nutritional composition.

An Overview on the Use of Artificial Lighting for Sustainable Lettuce and Microgreens Production in an Indoor Vertical Farming System

With the global population projected to reach 8.6 billion by 2050 and urbanization on the rise, sustainable food production in cities becomes imperative. Vertical farming presents a promising solution to meet this challenge by utilizing space-efficient, controlled-environment agriculture techniques. In a vertical farming system, high quality, high nutritional value products can be produced with minimum water consumption, using LEDs as energy-efficient light sources. Microgreens are a new market category of vegetables among sprouts and baby leaf greens. The most critical challenge in their cultivation is the choice of growing medium, lighting, and light spectrum, which affect photosynthesis, plant growth, and yield. This review explores various cultivation methods, including hydroponics, within the context of vertical farming. Using current research, it investigates the effect of LED lighting on the physiological properties and growth of microgreens and baby leaf lettuce, but further research is needed to determine the response of the varieties and the optimal light spectrum ratios to meet their needs.

Introducing Microgreens to Pinggang Pinoy: Prospects in Cultivation, Marketability, and Indigenous Crops Utilization

Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) addresses modern farming challenges, such as climate change, diminishing arable land, rising costs, and pest issues, thus, it becomes vital to meet global food demand. Microgreens, a subset of CEA in the commercial scale, have surged in popularity due to their rapid growth, typically maturing in 7 to 21 days, and their nutritional value, rich in phytochemicals, vitamins, and antioxidants, turning them into superfoods. This review explores the potential of microgreens in the Philippines, emphasizing their integration into the Filipino Food Plate as well as promotion of indigenous vegetables and legumes such as pansit-pansitan, tapilan, bataw, patani, samsamping, sigarilyas, kadios, paayap, saluyot, ulasiman, alugbati, and talinum. This initiative will support local farmers in diversifying crops and engaging in the growing microgreen market. The review calls for action in the Philippines to adopt microgreen production, stimulate innovation, and bolster local agriculture and communities. It underscores the importance of indigenous crops and encourages researchers, entrepreneurs, and farmers to participate in the microgreen movement.

Evaluation of Radish Genotypes for Microgreens Production under Red and Laterite Zone of West Bengal

Evaluation of Radish Genotypes for Microgreens Production under Red and Laterite Zone of West Bengal

Production and financial characteristics of microgreens - illustration from practice

Mladi izdanci su biljne vrste koje se konzumiraju u fazi kotiledona s ili bez nepotpuno razvijenih prvih pravih listova. Zbog svojih boja, okusa i visoke nutritivne vrijednosti stječu sve veću popularnost među potrošačima što dovodi do povećane potražnje te posljedično i proizvodnje. Zbog jednostavnosti uzgoja, kratkog proizvodnog ciklusa, malih zahtjeva prema ulaganjima i prostoru pogodni su za proizvodnju i u urbanim sredinama. Proizvodnja mladih izdanaka najčešće je organizirana kao dopunska aktivnost koja omogućava dodatan izvor prihoda za kućanstvo. Cilj rada je opisati osnovne značajke proizvodnje mladih izdanaka, navesti ciljna tržišta za njihov plasman, navesti potrebna kapitalna ulaganja te odrediti financijske pokazatelje njihove proizvodnje. U radu su navedene osnovne proizvodno-tržišne značajke mladih izdanaka preuzete iz sekundarnih izvora te dopunjene sa saznanjima autora iz prakse zagrebačke tvrtke koja se bavi njihovom proizvodnjom i plasmanom. Ova tvrtka u proizvodnji primjenjuje vertikalni sustav uzgoja na ukupnoj uzgojnoj površini 19,2 m2. Glavni prodajni kanali su restorani i trgovine zdrave hrane. Na temelju internih podataka proizvođača određena je marginalna kontribucija od 40.121 € i stopa marginalne kontribucije od 69,1 %.

Analysis of light recipe, seeding density, and fertilization effects on secondary metabolite accumulation and growth-defense responses in Brassicaceae microgreens

Although there have been large improvements to crop yield over time, this has not been accompanied by an increase in human nutritional wellbeing. In fact, there are worsening health crises associated with over- and under-consumption of particular food groups, resulting in negative human health outcomes. One solution to this is to utilize controlled environment agriculture to produce microgreens that have a high density of valuable Secondary Metabolites (SMs) such as antioxidants, phenolics, or pigment molecules that are associated with positive human health outcomes. However, optimal growth recipes to produce microgreens and their valuable nutritional compounds are not well known due to much species-specific variation, as well as biological tradeoffs between biomass and SM production. This is known as the growth defense hypothesis which describes how plants have a finite carbon budget from which to allocate to growth, or defensive, processes. To further research in this regard, this project used climate chambers to grow three species of Brassicaceae microgreens (kohlrabi, mustard, and radish) in highly controlled environmental conditions, where we used five Light Recipes, two fertilization levels, and two seeding density treatments. Our results showed that there were significant differences in SM production of these microgreens due to changes in incident light, as well as significant interactions between Fertilizer and Light Recipe for all SMs except Anthocyanins. For example, for all three species, the High Far-Red Light Recipe had the significantly highest Phenolic concentration, but with lower values of the other four SMs. The low-intensity 24-V high efficiency LEDs had the significantly highest Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) concentrations, while the High Red recipe had the highest Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Flavonoid concentrations. For Anthocyanins, there were less clear patterns, with the No Green or High Red recipes having generally higher concentrations, but not always significantly. We did find some evidence supporting the growth-defense hypothesis, where our higher biomass values were negatively correlated with SM concentrations. We also found significant differences between the concentrations of SMs in leaves and stems for kohlrabi and mustard microgreens. Finally, we found some significant relationships between increasing Fertilizer dosage and SMs, for instance that Flavonoids and FRAP concentrations increased with Fertilizer application, while Anthocyanin decreased, and Phenolic and TEAC had little effect. In conclusion, we found that there were significant relationships for Light Recipe and Fertilizer, and oftentimes their interaction, for the accumulation of SMs in Brassicaceae microgreens, which can inform microgreen production environments.

Effects of Different Combinations of Red and Blue Light on the Edible Organ Morphology and Quality of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Microgreens

Buckwheat microgreens are rich in nutrients and have a unique flavor that is favored by consumers. The light environment is closely related to the growth and development of the plant. In order to study the effects of treatments with different combinations of red and blue light on the edible organ morphology and nutritional quality of buckwheat microgreens, five experimental treatments were designed, with energy ratios of red light to blue light of 5:1 (R5B1), 3:1 (R3B1), 1:1 (R1B1), 1:3 (R1B3) and 1:5 (R1B5), respectively, and a white light treatment used as the control (CK). The results showed that different combination treatments of red and blue light had obvious effects on the growth of buckwheat microgreens. The hypocotyl length and main root length of buckwheat microgreens treated with a high proportion of red light (R5B1) were obviously higher than those of other treatment designs. However, contents of soluble protein, chlorophyll, rutin and total flavonoids in buckwheat microgreens showed an increasing trend with an increase in the proportion of blue light. Considering the fresh weight, dry weight and quality indexes of the edible organ, the combination of red light and blue light with a ratio of 1:1 was most suitable for buckwheat microgreen production. The results could provide a reference for the production of buckwheat microgreens.

Plant-derived biostimulant as priming agents enhanced antioxidant and nutritive properties in brassicaceous microgreens.

Microgreens constitute dietary sources of bioactive compounds imparting numerous health benefits and enhancing sensory experience. They can be successfully cultivated in soilless systems where biostimulants can be easily integrated as seed-priming and post-germination agents improving the sustainability of a crop's final production. Compared to an untreated control, three priming agents (a commercial legume-derived protein hydrolysate (A250), a novel protein hydrolysate derived from peanut biomass (H250) and hydropriming (H2O)) were applied to Komatsuna and Mibuna seeds grown as microgreens and compared for their effects on yield parameters, mineral composition, ABTS and FRAP antioxidant capacity, carotenoid concentration and phenolic compounds. Significant effects of the main experimental factors and their interactions were identified on antioxidant capacity. Compared to the control and hydropriming, the highest ABTS and FRAP values were observed in Mibuna with the A250 and H250 treatments, respectively. Additionally, the H250 treatment increased the total concentrations of phenolic acid derivatives and flavonoid derivatives in Mibuna and Komatsuna, in tune with the levels of total flavonoids. Concerning mineral composition, the highest concentrations in both species were those of phosphorus and nitrate. These results highlight the potential of select plant-based biostimulants as priming agents to enhance the antioxidant capacity, nutrient content and bioactive compound content, thus further increasing their functional and nutritive quality. In the light of this, the possibility of reducing the application of fertilizers by promoting a green transition for the intensive production of microgreens could subsequently be evaluated. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Optimising Sowing Density for Microgreens Production in Rapini, Kale and Cress

Microgreens represent a valuable agrifoods niche. Their cropping cycle is shorter than that of baby leaf greens, but the sowing density is typically much higher, and this has important cost implications for the grower. The current research demonstrates that the choice of sowing density strongly influences yield, as well as developmental stage and other quality parameters. Results also depended on the choice of the species and landrace. Considering the cost of seed, the option of accessing locally available landraces becomes particularly intriguing, again with relevant implications in choosing seed density. Rapini (landraces Cima grande and Fasanese), kale (landraces Barese and Altamura), and commercial cress were grown in an indoor environment. The effects of the three sowing densities (from 3 to 5 seeds∙cm−2) and the growing cycle (earlier harvest, 11 days from sowing, or later harvest, 14 days from sowing) on the microgreen yield and quality were studied. Sowing density affected yield (+19% at highest vs. lowest density), dry matter (but only with a longer cycle, and variable by landrace, with Fasanese rapini landrace 7% more than the Cima grande landrace), developmental stage, and soil coverage. The effects of sowing density can be modulated by cycle duration. Crop heights were 25% and 44% greater for the longer cycle of the Cima grande and Fasanese rapini landraces, respectively. In conclusion, the choices of the species/landrace and seed density must be carefully evaluated given costs and outcomes, with potential for the production of different final products (e.g., microgreens at earlier or later stages, other characteristics) and also for control over costs.

Intensidades de luz branca para máxima produtividade e qualidade de rúcula microvegetal

ABSTRACT The production of microgreens in plant factories is a great option for urban agriculture, and artificial light is one of the main factors for the success of this cultivation system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 μmol m−2 s−1) of white LED on yield and quality of arugula microgreens. The experiment was conducted in an indoor environment, in a completely randomized experimental design, with six replicates. The highest yield was obtained with 358 μmol m−2 s−1, while 90 % of the maximum yield required 234 μmol m−2 s−1. The maximum shoot dry mass and cotyledon area were obtained with 439 and 312 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively, while the hypocotyl length decreased linearly with increasing PPFD. The highest nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur and zinc contents were obtained with 380, 285, 326, 294 and 317 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively, while the maximum Fe content was obtained at the lowest light intensity. The contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant protection had maximum values with 600 μmol m−2 s−1, and the vitamin C with 458 μmol m−2 s−1.

The Effects of Light Spectrum and Intensity, Seeding Density, and Fertilization on Biomass, Morphology, and Resource Use Efficiency in Three Species of Brassicaceae Microgreens.

Light is a critical component of indoor plant cultivation, as different wavelengths can influence both the physiology and morphology of plants. Furthermore, fertilization and seeding density can also potentially interact with the light recipe to affect production outcomes. However, maximizing production is an ongoing research topic, and it is often divested from resource use efficiencies. In this study, three species of microgreens-kohlrabi; mustard; and radish-were grown under five light recipes; with and without fertilizer; and at two seeding densities. We found that the different light recipes had significant effects on biomass accumulation. More specifically, we found that Far-Red light was significantly positively associated with biomass accumulation, as well as improvements in height, leaf area, and leaf weight. We also found a less strong but positive correlation with increasing amounts of Green light and biomass. Red light was negatively associated with biomass accumulation, and Blue light showed a concave downward response. We found that fertilizer improved biomass by a factor of 1.60 across species and that using a high seeding density was 37% more spatially productive. Overall, we found that it was primarily the main effects that explained microgreen production variation, and there were very few instances of significant interactions between light recipe, fertilization, and seeding density. To contextualize the cost of producing these microgreens, we also measured resource use efficiencies and found that the cheaper 24-volt LEDs at a high seeding density with fertilizer were the most efficient production environment for biomass. Therefore, this study has shown that, even with a short growing period of only four days, there was a significant influence of light recipe, fertilization, and seeding density that can change morphology, biomass accumulation, and resource input costs.

Seed viability constants and the decline in germination rates for radish: a combined viability equation and population-based threshold model analysis

Aside from the leaves and roots, radish seedlings are consumed as a "microgreen". Production of microgreens requires high viability, high vigour seeds. Knowledge of the rates of loss of viability and vigour decline during storage would therefore be useful for radish sprout production, but also in relation to the conservation of radish germplasm in seed genebanks. Seeds of radish 'Kaiware', a microgreen cultivar, were stored hermetically at seven moisture levels between 6% and 13% at 50°C. Seed viability (germination after removal from storage) was scored daily to determine germination progress curves. One-step analysis was used to simultaneously fit the population-based threshold (PBT) model describing the decline in germination rates with ageing and to estimate the effects of MC on longevity according to the viability equation. KE and CW were estimated as 6.54 and 3.22, respectively. The ageing-time constant for the PBT model, age, increased as a function of storage moisture content, reflecting the faster decline in vigour at higher MC. The validity of the viability constants was tested by predicting viability loss in seeds of a different radish cultivar, 'Sango Purple', stored at 45°C and 8.61% MC.

Effect of postharvest treatments and storage temperature on the physiological, nutritional, and shelf-life of broccoli (Brassica oleracea) microgreens

Microgreens are categorized in the class of ‘super foods’ due to their high content of phytochemical and bioactive compounds. Rapid senescence and short life span are the restrictive parameters for the industrial production and marketing of these immature greens. Hence, there is a need to improve the production and storage conditions of microgreens to magnify postharvest quality, life span, and safety of microgreens, thereby emerging markets. To prolong their shelf life, effect of different postharvest treatments (MAP (modified Atmospheric Packaging) and GRAS chemical treatments) and storage temperature on physiological, nutritional and shelf life of broccoli (Brassica oleracea) microgreens studied. The effect of ascorbic acid + citric acid (0.25 % w/v each) along with MAP conditions (15 % CO2 + 5 % O2 + balanced N2) stored at 5 °C was used for post-harvest quality evaluation of broccoli microgreens. Microgreens treated with an organic acid in high CO2 conditions retained significantly (p < 0.05) higher bioactive compounds in terms of total phenols (1247.68 mg GAE/100 g FW), flavonoids (56.9 mg QE/100 g FW), and chlorophyll (42.12 mg/100 g FW) with better antioxidant activity (44.78 % inhibition). In addition, MAP conditions in the package significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed the weight loss that helped to retain better firmness. The combined effect of organic acids and MAP conditions significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the microbial load with better color quality and higher overall acceptability. The results indicate that post-harvest treatment of ascorbic acid + citric acid along with MAP conditions could be the practical approach to enhance the shelf life of microgreens up to 12 days while maintaining the nutritional quality, to provide avenues for better marketability and commercial gains.

THE EFFECT OF SEVERAL PLANTING MEDIA ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MELON (CUCUMIS MELO L.) MICROGREENS

Microgreens are vegetables that are harvested at young age with the cotyledons fully blooming but the true leaves not yet growing. Microgreens can be produced from several grain commodities such as melon seeds. In fact, melon seeds can be used as raw material of microgreens which have high economic value. There is limited information regarding melon seeds to make microgreens, regarding the use of planting media in the microgreens production, so research needs to be carried out regarding several planting media effect on the performance of microgreens. The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden and Integrated Laboratory of the Agroecotechnology Study Program, Trilogy University from March to April 2021. The research used Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with two-factor and triplicate . The first factor was the type of melon which consists of mesh melon and golden melon. The second factor was the planting medium which consists of 4 types, namely, husk charcoal, sand, rockwool and zeolite. The research results showed that the planting medium and type of melon had a significant effect on the production of melon microgreens. The best medium for producing golden melon microgreens was sand, while for mesh melons was charcoal husks.

Basil and Lettuce Microgreens Production in Low-Cost Hydroponic Installations, under Operational and Semi-Controlled Conditions

Microgreens produced hydroponically at home, represent a solution of the future due to the advantages it has. The purpose of this research is to analyze certain elements relevant for the microgreens crop (basil and lettuce), simultaneously, in identical low-cost hydroponic platforms, in operational (common spaces) and semi-controlled conditions (plant growing tent). The obtained results were analyzed, both from the point of view of the growing conditions and the influence of light regimes, as well as the development of seedlings, production (fresh weight and dry weight) and quality (total phenolic) of the microgreens. In operational environmental conditions there is a higher variation of the environmental parameters, compared to the semi-controlled environment, but the oscillation of natural light seems to have a better influence on the development of microgreens. Internode length in operational environmental conditions varies for basil between 25.2-35.2 mm, for lettuce between 31.9-32.8 mm, and in semi-controlled environmental conditions, it varies for basil between 25.2-32.1 mm and for lettuce between 30.2-31.9 mm. In semi-controlled conditions, the average fresh weight production achieved by the two species (and four varieties) is 734.73 g m-2 for basil, 809.56 g m-2 for lettuce, and represents 823.74 g m-2 for basil, 777.61 g m-2 for lettuce in operational environmental conditions. The variability of the data recorded for total phenols is very high. Lettuce contains 98-107.33 mg kg-1, and basil 107.67-186.33 mg kg-1 total phenols. Feedback from these tests will be used for final validation of the low-cost hydroponic platform components.

Shoot Yield and Mineral Nutrient Concentrations of Six Microgreens in the Brassicaceae Family Affected by Fertigation Rate

Microgreens have become an important specialty crop valued by their varying texture, vibrant colors, and nutrient-dense features. As the number of species and cultivars rapidly increases for microgreen production, fertigation requirements in relation to shoot production and nutrient compositions remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the shoot yield, visual quality, and mineral nutrient concentrations of six microgreens in the Brassicaceae family including the ‘Waltham’ broccoli, ‘Red Acre’ cabbage, Daikon radish, ‘Red Russian’ kale, pea, and Rambo radish in two experiments in December 2020 and January 2021. Each microgreen was fertigated with 120 mL of fertilizer solution daily for five consecutive days with a rate of 0, 70, 140, 210, or 280 mg·L−1 N from a general-purpose fertilizer. Broccoli, Daikon radish, and kale similarly produced the highest fresh shoot weights of 916.5 to 984 g·m−2 in December 2020, while pea produced the highest fresh shoot weight of 2471 g·m−2 in January 2021 among cultivars. The fertigation rates of 140, 210, and 280 mg·L−1 N resulted in similar fresh and dry shoot weights of selected microgreens, suggesting 140 mg·L−1 N should be sufficient for microgreen fertilization. Mineral nutrients in microgreens varied among cultivars: pea microgreens had the highest nitrogen (N) concentrations of 70.6 to 75.2 mg·g−1 in December 2020 and 72.1 to 75.4 mg·g−1 in January 2021; and cabbage microgreens were rich in calcium (Ca) in both experiments. The kale, pea, and Rambo radish microgreens contained the highest concentrations of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in December 2020. The fertigation rate affected macronutrient concentrations but did not affect micronutrient concentrations including Fe, Mn, or zinc (Zn).