Microelements In Blood Research Articles

МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИЕ РЕАКЦИИ ОРГАНИЗМА ЗДОРОВОГО ЧЕЛОВЕКА В ДИНАМИКЕ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА SIRIUS-21

The SIRIUS-21 study was designed as a 240-day isolation of healthy volunteers in controlled environment simulating a piloted mission to the Moon including operator's activities in lunar orbit and on the surface. The investigation involved an international crew of two women and 3 men at the age of 29 to 44 years. The object was metabolic reactions of healthy bodies to the simulated conditions. Crew members demonstrated a moderate stress reaction characterized by inhibition of the gastrointestinal tract secretory activity, reduction of glycolysis intensity, persistent hypercalcemia, a more intensive creatine kinase system functioning as a buffer, deficit of macroergic compounds, magnesium and essential microelements. On day 7 post isolation, the stress symptoms showed a partial leveling. Hard physical training had both the positive and negative effects on metabolism dynamics. The preventive purpose of training was to normalize the content of essential microelements in blood and suppress atherogenesis; however, training had also the negative effect of inducing hypohydration. In future isolation studies it would be appropriate to optimize training protocols and enhance the program of countermeasures to the negative effects of simulated factors.

Diabetes Mellitus and Some Microelements

This literature review describes the role of the different trace elements in the development, progression and prevention of diabetes mellitus and its complications. The results of the studies of microelements in blood, urine and hair are presented.

INDICATORS OF MINERAL ELEMENTS CONTENT IN BLOOD AND BONE TISSUE OF BROILER CHICKENS WHEN USING A COMPLEX FEED ADDITIVE

The results of the application of the complex fееd additive "Zaslon 2+" in the diets of broiler chickens of Ross 308 cross are presented. For 38 days, the chickens of the control group received the basic diet, the poultry of the experimental group - the basic diet and the complex feed additive "Zaslon 2+". There was an increase in the content of macro- and microelements in blood and bone tissue of broiler chickens on days 14, 21 and 38 of the study. The components of the fodder additive promoted better digestion and absorption of feed nutrients.

Clinical and pathogenetic role of endogenous and exogenous metals in gonocoxarthrosis, contained in the prosthetic knee and hip joints

Topicality. Gonocoxarthrosis is accompanied by microelementoses proceeding with a disorder in the body levels of many essential and toxic metals. After endoprosthesis replacement, the content of such metals as Co, Cr, Ti, and others in the blood changes. They are able to determine the "durability" of the prosthesis transplantants and the further course of osteoarthosis (osteoarthritis) of the knee and hip joints.Objective — to determine levels of metals in blood and hair of patients with gonococcemia, which were part of a joint endoprosthesis (Al, Co, Cr, Fe, Mo, Ni, Ti, V), comparing with the indicators of Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, Ti and V in the soil of areas of patients residence, to evaluate the clinical and pathogenetic significance of endogenous and exogenous microelements in different variants of the disease.Matherial and methods. The study involved 87 patients with gonarthrosis (45% men and 55% women aged on average age 53 years). I, II and III stages of the disease respectively were diagnosed in 28%, 41% and 31% of the observations, polyarthrosis occurred in 53%, osteochondrosis — 92%, spondiloarthrosis of bootastic joints in 71% of clinically symptomatic synovitis 67%. To study the performance of metals in the organism the atomic absorption spectrometer "SolAAr-Mk2-MOZe" with electrographyte atomizer (UK) was used. Assessment of anthropogenic trace element contamination of soil by metals was made by sanitary stations and the regional offices of the State committees for Hydrometeorology, environmental control and environmental safety.Results. If gonocoxarthrosis in the blood serum is accompanied by a significant rise in blood levels of Ti and V, in hair — Al, Fe and Ti, while decreasing in the first object of study Fe, and the second Co, Cr and Mo, and further development of lesions of the hip joints occurs with higher blood levels of Ti and V, in the hair — Ti against the background of oppression of the contents of the Cr. Indicators correlate among themselves, depending on the degree of severity of the disease, affect the severity of degenerative inflammatory changes. The level of Ti in the soil is directly correlated with the concentrations of Fe and Mo in the serum, and the settings in the hair of Al, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, Ti and V in the hair depending on the content of Co, Cr, Ni and V in the soil, and the integral indexes of the severity of microelements in blood and hair of patients with gonarthrosis has direct dispersion-correlation connections, respectively, with the indices Cr and V in the soil, with Co, Ti and V have an impact on the formation of the epiphyseal osteoporosis, ligamentos, trabecular edema of the femur and of the patella, damage to the anterior cruciate ligament.Conclusions. Gonocoxarthrosis is accompanied by microelementoses of metals contained in endoprothesis of knee and hip joints, which is closely associated with the same level of metals in the soil of the region of patients residence and forces the necessitaty of study of the status of the trace element composition in blood and hair of patients in the process of dynamic observation after joint replacement taking into account the nature of the environmental areas.

Electroosmotic oscillatory flow of micropolar fluid in microchannels: application to dynamics of blood flow in microfluidic devices

The electroosmotic flow of a micropolar fluid in a microchannel bounded by two parallel porous plates undergoing periodic vibration is studied. The equations for conservation of linear and angular momentums and Gauss’s law of charge distribution are solved within the framework of the Debye-Huckel approximation. The fluid velocity and microrotation are assumed to depend linearly on the Reynolds number. The study shows that the amplitude of microrotation is highly sensitive to the changes in the magnitude of the suction velocity and the width of the microchannel. An increase in the micropolar parameter gives rise to a decrease in the amplitude of microrotation. Numerical estimates reveal that the microrotation of the suspended microelements in blood also plays an important role in controlling the electro-osmotically actuated flow dynamics in microbio-fluidic devices.

Geographic variation of the content of microelements and biochemical indices in cattle blood and milk

The content of trace elements (Zn, Cu, Mn, Mo, Co, As, Se, and Pb) in blood and certain biochemical parameters of the biological media of cattle from various regions of Russia are given. Geographic and geochemical differentiation of microelements in blood is investigated. An increased content of Zn and Mo is found in the blood of cows from polymetallic and hyper-molybdenum biogeochemical provinces. The distribution of the concentration of microelements is substantially differentiated across the regions.