Micellar Thin-layer Chromatography Research Articles

Predicting pharmacokinetic properties of potential anti-cancer agents using micellar thin-layer chromatography

Predicting pharmacokinetic properties of potential anti-cancer agents using micellar thin-layer chromatography

Micellar Thin Layer Chromatography and Computer-Aided Analysis of Empagliflozin, Linagliptin and Metformin HCl Ternary Mixture.

The present work was performed in order to study the mechanism of micellar thin layer chromatography (MTLC) and to develop a new simple and sensitive simultaneous MTLC method for separation of empagliflozin, Linagliptin and metformin hydrochloride ternary mixture. The study was done using three different surfactants; sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and polysorbate 80 (tween 80). Chromatographic procedure was performed using micellar mobile phase that composed of aqueous solution of each surfactant and methanol (6: 4v/v) and micellar TLC determination at λmax 237nm. Separation using SDS (anionic surfactant) and BAC (cationic surfactant) depends on ionization potential (AMI-IP), partition coefficient (logP (o/w)) and hydrogen bond donor atoms (a-don), whereas separation using tween 80 depends mainly on the lipophilicity (RM0), solvation energy (E-sol) and Van der Waals energy (E-vdw). Quantitative structure-retention relationships study was carried out, modeled, evaluated and validated using molecular operating environment software.

Развитие мицеллярной жидкостной и тонкослойной хроматографии.

The review of the development of micellar high-performance liquid chromatography and micellar thin-layer chromatography is presented. The results of the research of the theoretical foundation and the organized solution usage as mobile phases for the analysis of plant and animal biological active substances, medicinal substances and drugs are demonstrated. The investigations had been carried out on the Chemical Metrology Department V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University and in the State Enterprise “Ukrainian Scientific Pharmacopoeial Center for Quality of Medicines”.

A validated method for coumarin quantification in Meliloti herba and its ethanolic extracts using micellar thin-layer chromatography

A micellar thin-layer chromatography method for the quantitative determination and validation of coumarin in Meliloti herba and its ethanolic extracts was developed and validated. For achieving good determination, the mobile phase of 5 x 10-4 mol/L Tween-80 in a mixture propanol-2 – water (5:95 v/v) was used. Densitometric determination was carried out at 275 nm. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.1-2.5 μg per band. The proposed method is simple, rapid, precise and accurate; replacing hazardous solvents by greener ones correspond to the modern requirements in “Green chemistry” concepts. The obtained data can be used for the routine analysis of coumarin in medical plant and extracts.

Separation and analysis of heavy metal ions by thin-layer chromatography (TLC)—a mini-review (2000–2019)

This review article describes the work reported on the separation and analysis of heavy metal ions by different modes of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) such as soil, micellar, and reversed-phase TLC during 2000–2019. The history of different modes of TLC has been briefly mentioned. The literature survey reveals that the number of papers reported during 2000–2019 on the separation of heavy metal ions by different modes of TLC follows the trend: micellar TLC > soil TLC > reversed-phase TLC.

Investigation of lipophilicity and pharmacokinetic properties of 2-(methoxy)phenylpiperazine dopamine D2 ligands

Reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography and micellar thin-layer chromatography were used in order to investigate retention behaviour and to determine lipophilicity of series of 2-(methoxy)phenylpiperazine dopamine D2 ligands with different size, shape and rigidity. The retention mechanism was discussed. The lipophilicity parameters obtained in conventional reversed-phase systems expressed as RM0 and C0, as well as RM values determined in microemulsion reversed-phase systems were correlated with in silico determined lipophilicity values. In silico pharmacokinetic properties of 2-(methoxy)phenylpiperazine dopamine D2 ligands revealed the importance of experimentally determined lipophilicity values besides the molecular weight, on the blood–brain barrier permeability process. Also, the experimentally determined lipophilicity was found as a very important factor in plasma protein binding process of 2-(methoxy)phenylpiperazine dopamine D2 ligands. Besides, the Lipinski's rule of five indicates that examined ligands satisfy the criterion of drug-like molecules. The principal component analysis was performed on the experimentally determined and calculated lipophilicity values as well on the molecular descriptors which describe the pharmacokinetic properties in order to provide basic insights into similarities among the studied ligands.

Application of planar and column micellar liquid chromatography to the prediction of physicochemical properties and biological activity of compounds

A review of applications of micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) with special stress upon micellar thin layer chromatography (MTLC) in drug discovery is given. MLC and MTLC are presented as valuable sources of information on the physicochemical properties (mainly lipophilicity) of solutes and as tools to predict their biological activity: interactions with biomembranes, blood-brain barrier permeability, plasma protein binding, volume of distribution, gastric, ocular and skin absorption, environmental toxicity and bioaccumulation. The results of modeling based on the MLC/MTLC descriptors are correlated with those obtained by other in vitro, in vivo or in silico techniques used to study bioavailability. The future prospects of MTLC application in drug discovery and safety assessments of environmentally hazardous compounds are discussed.

The comparative study of micellar TLC and RP-TLC as potential tools for lipophilicity assessment based on QSRR approach

Lipophilicity of compound is well known as vital physicochemical property of a molecule, which determines its biological activity. Nonetheless, the assessment of a lipophilicity is still problematic and focuses attention of scientists. Although, the shake-flask method is still considered as a gold standard for experimental determination of lipophilicity, currently the chromatographic approach is mostly used. Among chromatographic methods used for lipophilicity assessment, thin layer chromatography (TLC) is still one of the most popular tools. The main goal of this study was to compare classical reversed-phase thin layer chromatography (RP-TLC) and micellar TLC as potential tools for lipophilicity assessment. Micellar liquid chromatography has significantly lover environment impact than classical reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Additionally comparison of cationic and anionic surfactants (CTAB and SDS), which have different chemical properties, as modifiers of mobile phase in micellar TLC were investigated. The Quantitative Structure–Retention Relationships (QSRR) approach was used in order to present molecular mechanisms of retention in investigated chromatographic systems. The study was based on chemically diverse model set compounds, with a proved therapeutic or toxic potential. According to obtained results the micellar TLC with CTAB as surfactant can be recommended to logP prediction. The obtained QSRR models indicated that adsorption of CTAB monomers on CN modified surface of silica gel and the silanol–quaternary ammonium interactions are possible. Consequently, the reduction of interaction between molecules and free silanol, contributes to the improvement of logP predictions. These result were confirmed by regression and classification methods.

Evaluation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor's absorption with retention data of micellar thin-layer chromatography and suitable molecular descriptor.

Twelve angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors were studied to evaluate correlation between their absorption (ABS) data available in the literature (22-96%) and hydrophobicity parameters (km and Pm/w) obtained in micellar thin-layer chromatography (MTLC) using Brij 35. The theoretical considerations showed that the geometric molecular descriptor-volume value (Vol) should be considered as an independent variable simultaneously with calculated hydrophobicity parameters in multiple linear regression analysis to obtain reliable correlation between ACE inhibitor's absorption and lipophilicity (calculated KOWWINlog P) and that captopril should be excluded from further correlations. The results of MTLC confirmed that between the two hydrophobicity parameters km and Pm/w, for absorption prediction of 11 ACE inhibitors, the micelle-water partition coefficient Pm/w provided higher correlation (R(2) = 0.756), while for the km parameter R(2) = 0.612 was obtained. The micelle-water partition coefficient Pm/w could be considered as analogous to hydrophobicity parameter C0 from reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography. Dissimilar retention behavior of lisinopril indicated its lowest non-polar interaction with micelle, because of its di-acid form. The proposed model which included ACE inhibitors on the opposite site of lipophilicity-lisinopril and fosinopril (KOWWINlog P = -0.96 and KOWWINlog P = 6.61, respectively), both with similar absorption values (25 and 36%, respectively), could indicate that absorption of investigated compounds occurs via two different mechanisms: active and passive transport.

Application of Surfactant Micellar Solutions as Extractants and Mobile Phases for TLC-Determination of Purine Bases and Doping Agents in Biological Liquids

Separation of caffeine and its metabolites (theophylline and theobromine) and doping agents (spironolactone, propranolol, and ephedrine) and determination of caffeine in serum sample and propranolol and ephedrine in urine were studied on normal-phase thin layers (“Sorbfil-UV-254”). Aqueous organic solvents and aqueous micellar surfactant solutions were compared as the mobile phases for separation. The acceptable separation of purine bases and doping agents was achieved by micellar Thin Layer Chromatography and normal-phase Thin Layer Chromatography. Anionic surfactant solution with added 1-propanol was the best eluent as for caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine separation, as for doping agents. The best characteristics of caffeine extraction from serum, and propranolol and ephedrine from urine were achieved when micellar eluent based on non-ionic Tween-80 surfactant was used. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v7i1.632

Miceller chromatographic method for the separation of heavy metal ions and spectrophotometric estimation of UO22+ on bismuth silicate layer

Abstract Context Micellar thin layer chromatography (MLC) used for separation of various heavy metal ions from various environmental samples. MLC successfully applied for semiquanitative and spectrometry identification of metal ions. Objective Utilization of MLC in separation, semiquanitative determination and Chromatospectrometric method for estimation of UO 2 2 + on bismuth silicate layer, using Tween-80. Method Ascending development of the plates performed with aq. micellar, hydro-organic and water-organic-surfactant as mobile phase. Separation carried out on thin layer of bismuth silicate and layer developed with non-ionic surfactant Tween-80. Results and conclusions Acetone was found to be most effective additive at 10% concentration with 5% Tween-80. This method successfully applied to identification and separation of Cd2, Hg2 and Co2 from river water and industrial wastewater. Semiquantitative as well as spectrometry techniques was used for quantitative analysis of UO 2 2 + in river water with preliminary separation from Fe3 and Cu2. Maximal recovery of 90% observed. This TLC method is rapid, with development times averaging 2–5 min.

The mobile phase motion in ascending Micellar thin-layer chromatography with normal-phase plates

The physical chemical characteristics (surface tension and viscosity) of micellar mobile phases based on the cationic surfactant cetylpiridinium chloride and additives of alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol) have been obtained in this work. The effect of mobile phase properties on the motion of mobile phase in the ascending mode of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was investigated. The applicability of a quadratic relationship between the time of mobile phase motion and the distance from the solvent entry position of mobile phase and front of the mobile phase was validated for micellar TLC. It was observed that the retardation factors of hydrophilic test compounds change significantly only at low contents of the modifier in micellar mobile phase.

Chromatographic evaluation of the lipophilicity ofN-phenyltrichloroacetamide derivatives using micellar TLC and OPLC

Micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) has been used to study the lipophilicity of eight newly synthesized N-phenyltrichloroacetamide derivatives. Because the lipophilicity of a substance determines its retention and its interactions with micelles, chromatographic data calculated from experimental results — km (log km) — were compared with partition coefficients log P calculated from the molecular structures of the solutes. Micellar mobile phases containing Brij 35 and tetrahydrofuran, alkyl-bonded stationary phases, and two planar chromatography techniques — thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and over-pressured-layer chromatography (OPLC) — were used in the experiments. According to results obtained from the OPLC studies, especially, log km values are excellent descriptors of the lipophilicity of the compounds. Very good linear relationships between log km and log P were obtained by use of this technique (R in the range 0.917–0.987).

Micellar TLC of inorganic ions: Simultaneous separation of lead(II), zinc(II), and cobalt(II) and spectrophotometric estimation of zinc(II)

Micellar thin-layer chromatography has been used to investigate the separation and migration behavior of metal ions. Thin layers (0.25 mm) of silica gel G on glass plates (5 cm × 20 cm) were used as adsorbent. Ascending development of the plates was performed with aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and two-component mixtures of aqueous SDS (0.2 m ) and 0.04 m , 0.08 m , or 0.1 m carboxylic acids in different ratios (1:9, 1:1, and 9:1) as mobile phases. The R F values of metal ions were measured. The mobile phase 0.2 m SDS–0.08 m tartaric acid 1:1 was best for separation and identification of Pb 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Co 2+ . The order of mobility ( R F ) was Pb 2+ < Zn 2+ < Co 2+ . On-plate identification of Pb 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Co 2+ in the presence of impurities was achieved. The method was successfully applied to identification and separation of Pb 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Co 2+ in drugs, river water, sea water, and tap water. TLC-spectrophotometry was used for quantitative analysis of Zn 2+ in spiked drug samples ...

Anionic-Nonionic Surfactants Coupled Micellar Thin-Layer Chromatography: Synergistic Effect on Simultaneous Separation of Hydrophilic Vitamins

A micellar thin-layer chromatographic system comprising of silica layer impregnated with 0.01% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as stationary phase and 0.1% aqueous solution of Cween 80 as mobile phase was identified as the most favorable system for the mutual separation of five water-soluble vitamins (folic acid, cyanocobalamin, thiamine, pyridoxine, and riboflavin). Effects of the presence of metal cations, inorganic anions, and amines as impurities was determined. The detection and dilution limits, given in parenthesis for folic acid (1 microg and 1:0.1 x 10(4)), cyanocobalamin (0.08 microg and 1:1.25 x 10(4)), thiamine (0.05 microg and 1:2.0 x 10(4)), pyridoxine (0.5 microg and 1:0.2 x 10(4)), and riboflavin (0.5 microg and 1:0.2 x 10(4)) were determined.

Micellar thin-layer chromatography of coinage metal cations

Chromatography of some metal cations has been performed on silica gel layers with micellar mobile phases containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), an anionic surfactant. The effects on the mobility of metal ions of SDS concentration, mobile phase pH, and the presence of amino acids (l-arginine, dl-phenylalanine, l-tryptophan, and l-histidine) in the mobile phase were examined. Although amino acids caused diffusion (or tailing) of the metal ion spots, use of l-histidine or l-tryptophan facilitates the analytically important separation of a mixture of Au 3+ , Cu 2+ , and Ag + ions. The TLC system comprising silica gel G as stationary phase and 0.01 m SDS (pH 2.3)-0.01 m l-tryptophan or l-histidine, 1 + 9, as mobile phase was identified as the most suitable for the separation of mixtures of Au 3+ , Cu 2+ , and Ag + . The interference of impurities such as amines, phenols, and inorganic anions on the mobility and separation of a mixture of Au 3+ , Cu 2+ , and Ag + ions was also examined. The lower limit of det...

Calculation of Partition Coefficients of Organic Reagents in Micellar Thin-Layer Chromatography

Equilibrium partition processes were quantitatively estimated for acidic reagents of the xanthene and triphenylmethane series in the system water–surfactant micelle–stationary phase. An anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) was used as the micelle-forming compound. Partition coefficients were calculated, and the preferential solubilization of reagents in surfactant micelles was demonstrated. Energies of reagent transfer to sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles and their adsorption energies at the stationary phase were calculated.