Mexican Experiences Research Articles

Reforms in the administration of irrigation systems: Mexican experiences

AbstractA brief description is presented of the process and impact of the transfer of the infrastructure, management, and operation of irrigation districts in Mexico from the state to farmers. It begins with an overview of the present and future conditions of the hydro‐agricultural sector in the country, and goes on to discuss the social background and the legal framework under which the transfer process was planned and carried out, highlighting the participation and the organizational framework adopted by the users, which not only remains in force, but has been consolidated, giving rise to a social organization that constitutes an example nationwide. In addition, a series of major challenges, problems, and opportunities that need to be addressed in order to meet the current and growing food demand prevailing in the country are discussed. In closing, a reflection is given on the importance of the legal framework on water and its impact on the agricultural sector, highlighting the need to have a General Water Law that is applicable both to the three tiers of government that exist in Mexico and to society at large, an action currently in progress. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A Tale of Two Crises: The Search for the Enduring Reforms of the International Financial System

The Asian economic crisis of 1997 spawned a vast analytical literature and a reconsideration of the international financial architecture. This article seeks a broader perspective on these issues by comparing the causes of the debt crisis of 1982 with those of the Asian crisis. These two crises are the most significant of the last fifty years. Their joint analysis reveals seven enduring lessons of international financial reform that need to be incorporated in any revisions to the international financial system. The debt crisis that erupted in August 1982 was the most damaging and far reaching financial crisis of the late 20th century. It spawned a voluminous literature. Of late we have had crises in Mexico in 1994, East Asia in 1997, Russia in 1998 and Brazil in early 1999. These more recent crises have served to supersede the debt crisis in the public imagination to the extent that that we hear nonsense such as the repeated descriptions of the Asian crisis as “the most severe crisis of the last fifty years”. This article seeks to re-examine the debt crisis in light of our more recent experiences of financial crises. “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” and mistakes in the finance of developing countries cost the lives of thousands and sacrifice the futures of millions. The methodology of this article is to compare the causes of, and lessons from, the debt crisis with the causes of, and lessons from, the Asian crisis with reference, as appropriate, to the Mexican, Russian and Brazilian experiences. There are certain similarities among each of these four financial crises of the 1990s. The debt crisis of the 1980s was in many ways quite a different type of crisis. The goal of this article is to identify the lessons that have held good throughout the last thirty years of international financial history and across these two different types of crisis. These, it is postulated, will be the lessons most likely to be of relevance in these early years of the next century as we seek to improve the architecture of the international financial system.

Civil Rights in the Texas Borderlands: Dr. Lawrence A. Nixon and Black Activism. By Will Guzmán

Civil Rights in the Texas Borderlands: Dr. Lawrence A. Nixon and Black Activism . By Will Guzman. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2015. xv + 184 pp. Illustrations, notes, index. $55.00.) Situated within the “culturally complex area” of the Southwest borderlands, Will Guzman’s book sheds light on the important and distinctive life of Dr. Lawrence A. Nixon (p. 3). Much of the scholarly terrain in this field has done well to cover Anglo, Spanish, Native American, and Mexican American relations and experiences. But in Civil Rights in the Texas Borderlands , we are treated to the story of a middle-class African …

Looking like the Enemy: Japanese Mexicans, the Mexican State, and US Hegemony, 1897–1945

Looking like the Enemy: Japanese Mexicans, the Mexican State, and US Hegemony, 1897–1945

Brazilian and Mexican experiences in the study of incipient domestication

BackgroundStudies of domestication enables a better understanding of human cultures, landscape changes according to peoples’ purposes, and evolutionary consequences of human actions on biodiversity. This review aimed at discussing concepts, hypotheses, and current trends in studies of domestication of plants, using examples of cases studied in regions of Mesoamerica and Brazil. We analyzed trends of ethnobiological studies contributing to document processes of domestication and to establish criteria for biodiversity conservation based on traditional ecological knowledge.MethodsBased on reviewing our own and other authors’ studies we analyzed management patterns and evolutionary trends associated to domestication occurring at plant populations and landscape levels. Particularly, we systematized information documenting: ethnobotanical aspects about plant management and artificial selection mechanisms, morphological consequences of plant management, population genetics of wild and managed plant populations, trends of change in reproduction systems of plants associated to management, and other ecological and physiological aspects influenced by management and domestication.ResultsBased on the analysis of study cases of 20 native species of herbs, shrubs and trees we identified similar criteria of artificial selection in different cultural contexts of Mexico and Brazil. Similar evolutionary trends were also identified in morphology (selection in favor of gigantism of useful and correlated parts); organoleptic characteristics such as taste, toxicity, color, texture; reproductive biology, mainly breeding system, phenological changes, and population genetics aspects, maintenance or increasing of genetic diversity in managed populations, high gene flow with wild relatives and low structure maintained by artificial selection. Our review is a first attempt to unify research methods for analyzing a high diversity of processes. Further research should emphasize deeper analyses of contrasting and diverse cultural and ecological contexts for a better understanding of evolution under incipient processes of domestication.ConclusionHigher research effort is particularly required in Brazil, where studies on this topic are scarcer than in Mexico but where diversity of human cultures managing their also high plant resources diversity offer high potential for documenting the diversity of mechanisms of artificial selection and evolutionary trends. Comparisons and evaluations of incipient domestication in the regions studied as well as the Andean area would significantly contribute to understanding origins and diffusion of the experience of managing and domesticating plants.

Immigrant Mothers' Experiences with Ethnic Socialization of Adolescents Growing up in the United States: An Examination of Colombian, Guatemalan, Mexican, and Puerto Rican Mothers

The study explored Colombian, Guatemalan, Mexican, and Puerto Rican mothers' experiences with the process of ethnic socialization. Using focus group methodology, we asked mothers (N = 90) about the ways that their adolescents learned about their ethnicity. Mothers in all groups discussed (a) strategies by which children were socialized about their ethnicity within the home, (b) ways in which community resources facilitated the process of ethnic socialization, and (c) barriers that hindered their children's ethnic socialization. Findings suggested that within each of these domains, there were more differences than similarities among the national origin groups. Specifically, mothers were most similar in their accounts of how ethnic socialization occurred within the familial context, but mothers' experiences with community resources and barriers differed across groups. Findings are discussed within the context of an ecological model.

Social Attitudes Predict Biases in Geographic Knowledge*

Three principal components were found to underlie Texas university students' experiences with and attitudes toward Canada, the United States, and Mexico: diversity orientation, Mexican experiences, and Canadian experiences. Diversity orientation included positive attitudes toward Hispanics, Canadians, minorities, interethnic friendships, and dating and was negatively correlated with natio-centrism (e.g., believing U.S. citizens receive the world's best education). Diversity orientation and natio-centrism were not related to experiences with Mexico or Canada. Students estimated the locations of Canadian cities too far north and Mexican cities too far south. Biased estimates for Mexican cities were negatively correlated with diversity orientation, not experience with Mexico.

Navigating Ethno-Racial Currents

This article focuses on Mexican experiences of ethnic and race relations in interwar Chicago. Mexican contact with European immigrant groups and blacks was critical in the formation of Mexican ethno-racial understandings of themselves and their place in the ethno-racial orders of Chicago. The article moves through several sites in the daily lives of Mexican men and women in which they experienced racializing incidents. Each provides a critical thread in the evolving tapestry of Mexican racial positioning. Much of the interaction was expressed in male-male conflicts suggesting that this seemingly gender-neutral process and the increasingly pejorative meanings assigned to “being Mexican” in Chicago played out in gendered-male terms. Taken together, these factors prove that ethno-racial dynamics in Chicago were much more complex than previously suggested. They underscore the simplistic inadequacies of a black-white dichotomy while also clarifying the power these tropes held in shaping Mexican circumstances and opportunities during this period in the history of the Windy City.

Política exterior e relações internacionais do Brasil: enfoque paradigmático

O artigo analisa a inserção internacional dos países latino-americanos no período que se inicia nos princípios do século XIX chegando até os nossos dias. Tendo como base principalmente o caso brasileiro, mas não deixando de comentar as experiências argentina e mexicana, o autor identifica e descreve os quatro paradigmas norteadores da formulação da política externa desses países ao longo desses dois séculos.

Capacity building for sustainable development: some Mexican perspectives

SUMMARY A broadly defined scientific Capacity Building (CB) for Sustainable Development (SD) is needed all around the world, and the development of innovative capacities in the developing countries is a priority. For this, first we need to know how this concept is applied in some developing countries. In this paper we present some Mexican experiences in the field of capacity building for sustainable development. The main problems are the monodisciplinary training of the specialists, the absence of a sound policy for promotion, career development and assessment of researchers, as well as of their projects when they are interdisciplinary and development-oriented. The main proposals to solve these problems are the creation of mechanisms that foster and legitimize interdisciplinary work; a decentralized planning process with the specific objective of establishing the needs and orientations on a regional basis; provide resources to long-term projects, and finally, consensus on asking international funding agencies for stronger support for public higher education institutions in developing countries in order to increase and strengthen their capacity for education and research in general, and in the field of SD in particular.

1943—One Page from Mexican American History: A Psychological Analysis of Oppression and Resistance

Focusing on the events of 1943, particularly the Zoot Suit/Sailor Riots, this article outlines the four intersecting components of an interdisciplinary paradigm employed in teaching an undergraduate multicultural psychology class, which systematically explores how the historical, political, and social context shapes the psychological development of American subordinate groups. Moreover, this article draws parallels between the oppression of persons of Mexican ancestry and analogous experiences of other subordinate group members during the same year.

Commentary: Constructing Applied Anthropology in Mexico

My objective is to present an overview of Mexican experiences doing applied anthropology. Among the issues I consider are the public's expectation of the discipline; the anthropologist's relationship with his or her clients; and the process of matching research to problems.

THE CASE OF THE NATIONAL SOLIDARITY PROGRAM IN MEXICO: A STUDY IN COMPARATIVE POLICY TERMINATION

Many policy scholars have noted that the policy termination literature has to date compiled an inadequate set of studies from which to posit theoretic propositions. Comparative policy analysis is in much the same position. This paper addresses both of these concerns by, first, offering a case study of a major policy initiative in Mexico, Pronasol, and second, using American policy termination frameworks, posing the possibility of comparative policy termination endeavors. Not surprising, the study suggests that the congruencies between the Mexican and American termination experiences are not always exact, but there are some useful generalizations that may be made. Most specifically, the crucial contribution of exogenous political and ideological conditions is reinforced by both nations' termination activities.

The Myth of the Male Breadwinner: Women and Industrialization in the Caribbean. Helen I. SafaPatriarchy on the Line: Labor, Gender, and Ideology in the Mexican Maquila Industry. Susan TianoGendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Immigration. Pierrette Hondagneu-SoteloEnGENDERing Wealth and Well-Being: Empowerment for Global Change. Rae Lesser Blumberg , Cathy A. Rakowski , Irene Tinker , Michael MonteonWomen's Voices from the Rainforest.

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsThe Myth of the Male Breadwinner: Women and Industrialization in the Caribbean. Helen I. Safa Patriarchy on the Line: Labor, Gender, and Ideology in the Mexican Maquila Industry. Susan Tiano Gendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Immigration. Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo EnGENDERing Wealth and Well-Being: Empowerment for Global Change. Rae Lesser Blumberg , Cathy A. Rakowski , Irene Tinker , Michael Monteon Women's Voices from the Rainforest. Janet Gabriel Townsend Maura I. Toro-MornMaura I. Toro-Morn Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Signs Volume 22, Number 4Summer, 1997 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/495217 Views: 8Total views on this site Copyright 1997 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Target Zones and Realignment Expectations: The Israeli and Mexican Experiences

This paper studies the Mexican and Israeli experience with a target zone. The first part of the paper develops a model of exchange rate determination under a target zone regime with stochastic realignments, and examines the conditions under which the adoption of the target zone, instead of a fixed exchange rate, reduces the volatility of the interest rate differential. We conclude that If the variance of the expected realignment is sufficiently large, then the target zone will be useful. The second part of the paper is an empirical study that shows that the target zone regime helped reduce interest rate variability in Israel and Mexico by absorbing part of the shocks to the expected realignment with movements of the exchange rate inside the band.

Book reviews : Hondagneu-Sotelo, P. 1994: Gendered transitions : Mexican experiences of immigration. Berkeley, CA, and London: University of California Press. xxviii + 260 pp. £37.50 cloth, £12.95 paper. ISBN: 0 520 07513 7; 0 520 07514 5

Book reviews : Hondagneu-Sotelo, P. 1994: Gendered transitions : Mexican experiences of immigration. Berkeley, CA, and London: University of California Press. xxviii + 260 pp. £37.50 cloth, £12.95 paper. ISBN: 0 520 07513 7; 0 520 07514 5

Book Review: Gendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Migration

Book Review: Gendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Migration

Gendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Migration.

Gendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Migration.

Gendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Immigration

Gendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Immigration

Gendered Transitions: Mexican Experiences of Immigration

The momentous influx of Mexican undocumented workers into the United States over the last decades has spurred new ways of thinking about immigration. Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo's incisive book enlarges our understanding of these recently arrived Americans and uncovers the myriad ways that women and men recreate families and community institutions in a new land. Hondagneu-Sotelo argues that people do not migrate as a result of concerted household strategies, but as a consequence of negotiations often fraught with conflict in families and social networks. Migration and settlement transform long-held ideals and lifestyles. Traditional patterns are reevaluated, and new relationships - often more egalitarian - emerge. Women gain greater personal autonomy and independence as they participate in public life and gain access to both social and economic influence previously beyond their reach. Bringing to life the experiences of undocumented immigrants and delineating the key role of women in newly established communities, Gendered Transitions challenges conventional assumptions about gender and migration. It will be essential reading for demographers, historians, sociologists, and policymakers. 'I've opened my eyes. Back there, they say 'no'. You marry, and no, you must stay home. Here, it's different. You marry, and you continue working. Back in Mexico, it's very different. There is very much machismo in those men' - A Mexican woman living in the United States.