Surface Modification Method Research Articles

Effects of oxidation‐induced aggregation structure transformation of aramid fiber on interfacial adhesion of epoxy resin

AbstractThe large‐scale pretreatment and efficient surface activation of aramid fibers (AFs) before composite fabrication remains a major challenge. In this study, we developed a heat treatment–induced surface modification method to change the reactive groups on AFs. Results indicated that the O/C ratio and the number of ester groups on the AFs as well as the surface morphology of the AFs could be flexibly controlled using the heat treatment–induced surface modification method. Furthermore, the surface oxidation mechanism of the AFs changed from point oxidation to surface oxidation during heat treatment. As the heat‐treatment time increased, the crystallinity and tensile strength of the AF monofilament considerably increased. An optimal heat‐treatment time of 30 min was provided considering that long‐time heating (>30 min) would destroy the surface molecular chains. Under this optimal heat‐treatment time, the number of ester groups reached the maximum, which enhanced the reactivity of the AFs in the epoxy resin matrix. The interfacial shear strength between the AFs treated for 30 min and epoxy resin microdroplet increased by 12.64%, reaching as high as 18.17 MPa. Moreover, the contact angle between the AF monofilament and epoxy resin droplet reached a minimum value of 54.7°. Furthermore, the thickness of the interfacial bond layer between the AFs and epoxy resin reached 50–60 nm. These results provide effective theoretical guidance for the large‐scale application of AFs in composite materials.

A strategy for introducing biopotency-enhanced chirality coating on bio-magnesium

Biomedical magnesium alloys (Mg) are often considered potential metallic materials for bone repair scaffolds due to their excellent biomechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, their rapid degradation behavior is insufficient to support the rapid growth and repair of living tissues. The new surface modification methods to slow down the degradation rate of Mg scaffolds and promote the rapid growth of living tissues is urgent. Here, we developed a chiral-enhanced composite functional coating on the surface of biomedical magnesium. Specifically, a chiral supramolecular hydrogel with graphene oxide (GO) was used to simulate the chiral environment of biological systems, enhancing the adsorption of osteogenic growth factors. Additionally, the silane layers cleverly crosslink traditional silane chains with supramolecular chiral fibers through a hydrogen bond network, which allows the bonding strength (critical loads) of the composite coating to be maintained between 245–275 mN and retains structural integrity when soaked in SBF for 7 days. It was found that both MC3T3-E1 cells growth and BMP-2 adhesion were significantly enhanced by GO-added left-handed chiral coatings, which exhibit superior bone growth-promoting effects. In summary, incorporating chiral features into functional coatings represents a transformative approach in the design and application of bone defect repair materials.

Mechanism exploration of ion-implanted epoxy on surface trap distribution: An approach to augment the vacuum flashover voltages

Abstract The augmentation of the epoxy (EP) resin surface to advance flashover performance has become a pivotal point of global interest. This research introduces a novel surface modification method and its mechanism for insulation materials. The research follows an electron cyclotron resonance ion implantation system to subject the surface of EP insulation to ion beams with diverse energies, i.e., 6, 10, 20, 40, 50, and 60 keV for a consistent time of 300 s at an angle of 90°. The experimental phase includes the DC flashover examination under negative polarity. Besides, the simulation phase includes the Monte Carlo model constructed using SRIM software to examine the range and distribution of bombarded ions in the targeted insulation. Results reveal that the flashover properties are affected by the surface potential, surface conductivity, trap distribution, water contact angle, and elemental composition. Likewise, based on the outcomes and theoretical point of view, it is revealed that the bombardment of energetic ions enhances the trap depth, assisting in a reduction in surface conductivity, confining the surface charge movements, and extensively suppressing the secondary electron emission yield. Also, the enhanced trap depth induces homo-charge formation near triple junctions. Synergistically, the factors contribute to high flashover voltages.

Immunomodulatory Biomaterials: Tailoring Surface Properties to Mitigate Foreign Body Reaction and Enhance Tissue Regeneration.

The immune cells have demonstrated the ability to promote tissue repair by removing debris, breaking down the extracellular matrix, and regulating cytokine secretion profile. If the behavior of immune cells is not well directed, chronic inflammation and foreign body reaction (FBR) will lead to scar formation and loss of biomaterial functionality. The immunologic response toward tissue repair or chronic inflammation after injury and implantation can be modulated by manipulating the surface properties of biomaterials. Tailoring surface properties of biomaterials enables the regulation of immune cell fate such as adhesion, proliferation, recruitment, polarization, and cytokine secretion profile. This review begins with an overview of the role of immune cells in tissue healing and their interactions with biomaterials. It then discusses how the surface properties of biomaterials influence immune cell behavior. The core focus is reviewing surface modification methods to create innovative materials that reduce foreign body reactions and enhance tissue repair and regeneration by modulating immune cell activities. The review concludes with insights into future advancements in surface modification techniques and the associated challenges.

Surface modification of ilmenite with sodium persulfate and its effect on flotation performance

Ilmenite is a challenging mineral to float, making the improvement of its floatability a prominent research focus. This study proposes a novel surface modification method using sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) activation in the sodium oleate system for ilmenite. The activation mechanism was investigated using micro-flotation, zeta potential analysis, adsorption measurement, contact angle measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), flotation kinetics calculation, and thermodynamic analysis. Flotation tests demonstrated a significant increase in ilmenite recovery after Na2S2O8 activation under weakly acidic conditions, particularly at pH 4.0, where recovery increased from 12.41 % to 67.24 %. Zeta potential, contact angle, and adsorption tests revealed that Na2S2O8 activation positively shifted the surface potential of ilmenite, enhancing sodium oleate adsorption and increasing hydrophobicity. FT-IR, XPS, and thermodynamic analyses showed that Na2S2O8 facilitated the conversion of Fe2+ to Fe3+ on the ilmenite surface. Additionally, activation with sodium persulfate increased the Fe3+ content on the surface from 20.13 % to 43.50 %, leading to the formation of a more stable ferric iron oleate. AFM scans confirmed that Na2S2O8 activation significantly increased the area and thickness of sodium oleate adsorbed on the ilmenite surface compared to unactivated ilmenite.

Unlocking the potential of titanium and its alloys: A mini-review on innovative surface modification techniques

Titanium and its alloys are widely utilized in various fields, such as biomedical and aerospace, and in other industrial applications. However, its surface modification is essential to further enrich its properties to enhance its effectiveness. Researchers across the globe are continuously working on a variety of surface modification methods to enhance the properties of titanium and its alloys. This paper presents a comprehensive review of surface modification methods utilized for titanium and its alloys. Some of the important modification techniques discussed in this paper includes mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, thermal, and physical surface modification methods. This paper also provides insights into surface modification methods in terms of improving corrosion and wear resistance, biocompatibility, and hardness of titanium and its alloys.

Anti-migration of NG by using EPDM insulating materials coated with reduced graphene oxide

The migration of nitroglycerin (NG) has always been the important issue on ensuring structural integrity and operational reliability of Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether (NEPE) propellant/Hydroxyl-terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) liner/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) insulation bonding system. This paper designs an innovative surface modification method to prepare EPDM insulation coated with reduced graphene oxide (RGO), which weakens the NG absorption of EPDM insulation and blocks the pathway of NG migrating into EPDM insulation. The formation mechanism and microstructure of graphene-coated layer was analyzed. The RGO-coated layer is well bonded to the HTPB liner. And its anti-migration performance to NG at different temperatures was studied. Under the same storage conditions as blank samples, RGO-coated layers can reduce the diffusion coefficient of NG by the range from 82.2% to 87.3%, and increase the diffusion activation energy of NG by 26.8%. This research provides a new strategy to inhibit NG migrating in NEPE propellant/HTPB liner/EPDM insulation bonding system.

Bending fatigue behavior of metastable and stable austenitic stainless steels with different surface morphologies

AbstractThe surface morphology has a significant influence on the fatigue behavior of components. For austenitic stainless steels (ASSs), this issue is even more pronounced due to their metastability. Based on the complex deformation mechanisms of metastable ASSs, which include dislocation slip, deformation twinning, and deformation‐induced martensitic phase transformation, the metastable stainless steel AISI 347 was investigated in this study together with the stable AISI 904L as a reference material. Four‐point bending fatigue tests with load ratio R = 0.1 and testing frequency f = 10 Hz at ambient temperature were carried out on specimens with five technically relevant surface morphologies: mechanical polished, milled, microshot peened, laser shock‐peened, and ultrasonic modified. Systematic material characterizations were carried out to elucidate the crucial role of surface roughness and deformation‐induced α′‐martensite in the fatigue behavior of both metastable and stable materials. While surface roughness is a well‐known key factor in conventional fatigue cases, deformation‐induced martensite layers implemented by various surface modification methods were proven to improve the fatigue life in metastable austenitic steels, opening new perspectives to extend the lifetime of ASS components.

Bioinspired surface modification of mussel shells and their application as a biogenic filler in polypropylene composites

This study explores the potential of mussel shells (MS) as biogenic fillers in polymer composites. The chemical composition and crystal structures of MS were characterised. To improve MS filler dispersion and adhesion within a polypropylene (PP) matrix, three surface modification methods were evaluated: polydopamine (PDA) coating, maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) modification, and PDA/MAPP co-modification. The PDA coating, inspired by the adhesive properties of mussel foot proteins, successfully functionalized the MS surface, as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Thermodynamic analysis, based on contact angle measurements, revealed that MAPP and PDA/MAPP modifications reduced surface energies and potential energy differences. These changes enhanced filler dispersion and interfacial bonding by increasing hydrophobicity and reducing agglomeration in the PP matrix. Consequently, PP composites with 20% PDA/MAPP-modified MS fillers exhibited a 2.9% increase in tensile strength and a 7.5% increase in flexural strength compared to neat PP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also showed reduced filler-matrix debonding and fewer voids. The proposed mechanism attributes these macroscopic property enhancements to the ability of the PDA coating to facilitate chemical and hydrogen bonding between MS fillers and MAPP.

UV aging resistance improvement of SBS modified asphalt binder by organic layered double hydroxide and naphthenic oil: Its preparation, properties and mechanism

To enhance the UV aging resistance of SBS modified asphalt, LDHs and naphthenic oil were selected to modify it compositely. Firstly, organic treatment for LDHs was carried out through the combination of surface modification method and intercalation modification method to improve its compatibility with asphalt, and effectiveness of organic treatment was evaluated through the microscopic testing methods. Then, organic LDHs/SBS modified asphalt binders were developed by melt blending method, on this basis, appropriate naphthenic oil was added for composite modification. Subsequently, the conventional physical properties, storage stability and rheological properties tests were carried out to evaluate the comprehensive properties of the prepared modified asphalt containing LDHs and naphthenic oil. On this basis, TOPSIS method was conducted for multi-index optimization to determine the optimal dosages of LDHs and naphthenic oil. Finally, UV aging resistance of the developed modified asphalt was also evaluated, and reaction mechanism was explored with FTIR and FM. Test results show that stearic acid (SA) was successfully absorbed on the surface of LDHs, and -SO32- in ultraviolet light absorber (UVT) has successfully entered the interlayer galleries of LDHs, thus achieving the organic treatment for LDHs. Organic LDHs can significantly improve the high temperature properties and storage stability of SBS modified asphalt, and naphthenic oil can also improve the storage stability of SBS modified asphalt at the proper dosage. In addition, the two modifiers can both effectively improve the UV aging resistance of SBS modified asphalt. Based on the multi-index optimization results, it is recommended that the optimal dosages of LDHs and naphthenic oil are 2 % and 2.5 %, respectively, and at this conditions, comprehensive properties of the prepared modified asphalt can achieve the best. Microstructure characterization tests results reveal that LDHs and naphthenic oil are only simply dispersed in asphalt and do not cause the structural damage of SBS modified asphalt. Meanwhile, the special layered structure of LDHs can hinder the mobility of asphalt molecular chains, which enhances the interaction force between asphalt molecular chains and SBS modifier molecular chains, thus improving the road properties of SBS modified asphalt.

Recent Research Progress on Surface Modified Graphite Carbon Nitride Nanocomposites and Their Photocatalytic Applications: An Overview

Semiconductors with visible light catalytic characteristics can realize the degradation of pollutants, CO2 reduction, and hydrogen preparation in sunlight. They have huge application value in the fields of environmental repair and green energy. Graphite phase nitride (g-C3N4, CN) is widely used in various fields such as photocatalytic degradation of pollutants due to its suitable gap width, easy preparation, low cost, fast visible light response, and rich surface activity sites. However, the absorption rate of ordinary CN on visible light is low, and the carriers are easy to recombination, making the lower optical catalytic activity. Therefore, in order to improve the photocatalytic characteristics of the CN, it is necessary to make the surface modification. This article first introduces several main methods for the current surface modification of CN, including size regulation, catalyst embedding, defect introduction, heterostructure construction, etc., and then summarizes the optical catalytic application and related mechanisms of CN. Finally, some challenges and development prospects of CN in preparation and photocatalytic applications are proposed.

Investigation of the flotation behavior and interaction characteristics of micro-fine quartz and magnesite in a dodecylamine system under ultrasonic treatment

Ultrasonic treatment, as an important surface modification method, profoundly affects the flotation behavior of minerals. This study examined the impact of ultrasonic treatment on the surface properties and flotation performance of magnesite and quartz in a dodecylamine (DDA) flotation system. Atomic force microscope detection results revealed that the surface roughness and roughness size of both magnesite and quartz increased after ultrasonic treatment. Flotation tests indicated that the recovery rates of magnesite and quartz were lower after ultrasonic treatment. At pH of 10 and DDA of 75 mg/L, ultrasonic treatment led to a 0.66%, 3.46%, and 0.33% decrease in the flotation recovery rates for three different magnesite particle sizes. Following ultrasonic processing, the flotation recovery rates for three different quartz particle sizes decreased by 8.48%, 30.76%, and 43.69%, in that order. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy detection results showed an increased presence of characteristic Mg and Si sites on the surfaces of magnesite and quartz following ultrasonic treatment. DDA acted on the surfaces of the two minerals through electrostatic adsorption and hydrogen bonding adsorption and repelled the flotation of minerals owing to the same charge as characteristic sites, thereby reducing flotation recovery. Adsorption capacity tests and contact angle measurements demonstrated a decrease in DDA adsorption and contact angle on the surfaces of magnesite and quartz after ultrasonic treatment, explaining the reduced floatability. Extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theoretical calculations indicated that before ultrasonic treatment, there was a repulsive energy between magnesite and fine-grained quartz particles. After ultrasonic treatment, the interaction energy between magnesite and fine quartz particles is mutual attraction.

Effect of benzoyl chloride treatment on morphological, thermal, mechanical, and hydrothermal aging properties of date palm/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites

The use of natural fibers has seen a significant rise in the composites sector, resulting in the creation of polymer composites with exceptional strength. These environmentally-friendly alternatives offer a compelling substitute for synthetic composites. This study explores the use of date palm waste as reinforcement for the fabrication of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites. A surface modification method was essential for improving the binding interaction between palm fibers and PVC composites. The two-hour benzoyl chloride treatment at 140 °C played a crucial role. The study examined the effects of hydrothermal aging on mechanical properties of composites, using various techniques such as surface morphology analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric Analysis, on composites made of untreated fibers and those treated with benzoyl chloride. Although the treatment of palm fiber-reinforced composites with benzoyl chloride improved their mechanical properties, it is crucial to note that hydrothermal aging reduced their tensile strength by 10%. Despite this, these composites prove to be well-suited for applications requiring moderate strength and stiffness in mild environmental conditions. These composites, while utilizing benzoyl chloride for surface treatment, still represent a more sustainable alternative to traditional synthetic composites by incorporating renewable date palm waste and enhancing mechanical properties, which potentially reduces overall environmental impact.

Convex structure formation on a Cu substrate by friction stirring using a tool wrapped with Ti foil

The bond strength between Cu substrate and epoxy resin is required to be improved in power modules. Surface modification of the Cu substrate improves the bond strength due to the anchor effect. In this study, we propose a new surface modification method using friction stirring. A convex structure was formed on a Cu substrate by friction stirring using a tool wrapped with Ti foil. The microstructure of the modified surface and adhesion with epoxy resin were evaluated. Friction stirring formed a Ti-derived convex structure on the Cu substrate, and Cu and Ti were mixed at the microscale and bonded strongly. The shear bond strength between the modified surface and epoxy resin was 7.9 ± 1.7 MPa, which was twice as strong as that without surface treatment. The Ti-derived convex structure formed on the Cu substrate improved adhesion with epoxy resin.

In-Situ Surface Modification of Nickel Mesh for Superior Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Metal mesh, with its inherent conductivity, transparency, and flexibility, has proven to be an exceptional choice for high-performance reflection-dominated electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials, due to its multifunctionality and wide applicability. However, the development of metal-based absorption-enhanced EMI shielding materials characterized by high absorption and low reflection is crucial but remains challenging. Herein, we introduce a novel surface modification strategy for nickel mesh (NM) aimed at augmenting its surface electromagnetic wave absorption through electrochemical surface microstructure alteration and subsequent wet chemical sulphuration. This approach leverages the multiple reflections within the microporous structure and the impedance matching enhancement provided by the magnetic sulfided nickel layer, resulting in the sulphur-treated porous NM (Ni3S2-PNM) achieving an outstanding average EMI SE of 59.6 dB across a broad frequency range of 4 to 40 GHz. The surface electromagnetic wave absorption rate of Ni3S2-PNM has increased from under 1% for unmodified NM to over 60%, significantly reducing the re-reflection of electromagnetic waves back into free space (the average SER value decreases from about 20 dB to 2.2 dB). Characterized by its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, this in-situ surface modification method on bulk industrial-grade NM, enhancing electromagnetic shielding, presents a promising avenue for wider application in electromagnetic protection.

Progress in Application of Silane Coupling Agent for Clay Modification to Flame Retardant Polymer.

Polymer composites are widely used in various fields of production and life, and the study of preparing environmentally friendly and flame retardant clay/polymer composites has gradually become a global research hotspot. But how to efficiently surface modify clay and apply it to the field of flame retardant polymers is still a potential challenge. One of the most commonly used surface modification methods is the modification of clay with silane coupling agents. The hydrolysable groups of the silane coupling agent first hydrolyze to generate hydroxyl groups. These hydroxyl groups then undergo a condensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the clay, allowing for organic functional groups to be grafted onto the clay surface. The organic functional groups and polymer matrix react to generate chemical bonds so that the composite material's interface is more closely combined. Thus, the dispersion of clay in the organic polymer material and the compatibility of the two is better, which improves the flame retardant effect of the composite material. This paper introduces the classification of a silane coupling agent and the mechanism and process of silane coupling agent-modified clay, outlines the mechanism of silane coupling agent-modified clay flame retardant polymers, reviews the research results on flame retardant polymers of various clays after surface treatment with silane coupling agents in recent years, and highlights the synergistic flame retardant effect of clay and flame retardant organized by silane coupling agents. Finally, it is found that the current research in the field of silane coupling agent-modified clay in flame retardants is focused on the modification of montmorillonite, sepiolite, attapulgite, and kaolinite by KH-550, KH-560, and KH-570, and the development trends in this field are also prospected.

Rapidly synthesizing magneto-thermal adjustable high entropy alloy nanoparticles on carbon fiber surface for enhancing electromagnetic wave absorption, thermal conductivity and interface compatibility of composites

It is a significant challenge to develop a fast carbon fiber (CF) surface modification method that could generate a simple multifunctional CF surface, especially in the field of electromagnetic wave (EMW) and thermal regulation. Herein, the FeCoNiAlMn high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles modified CF (HEA-CF) was successfully prepared by microwave induced carbon thermal shock (MCTS) in a few seconds. The HEA-CF possessed magneto-thermal adjustability by controlling the elemental composition and crystal structures of HEA nanoparticles. It exhibited outstanding dielectric-magnetic loss and phonon heat transfer capability. Moreover, HEA nanoparticles and cellulose nanofibers on CF surface also formed multiscale interfacial reinforced structure. Consequently, HEA-CF/Polyamide 6 (PA6) composites demonstrated extraordinary versatility. MCTS5s-CF/PA6 exhibited the strongest absorption with minimum reflection loss value of −63.6 dB at 2.4 mm thickness. The maximum effective absorption bandwidth reached 6.67 GHz with thickness of only 1.9 mm. Compared with that of untreated-CF/PA6 composite, the thermal conductivities of MCTS4s-CF and MCTS5s-CF/PA6 composites increased by 45.2 % and 19.1 %. Simultaneously, the tensile strength of MCTS4s-CF/PA6 and MCTS5s-CF/PA6 composites increased by 19.5 % and 16.1 %. This new approach provided an effective way to realize multifunctional composites. Its low-cost, efficient and environmentally friendly process had great potential for large-scale production.

A green bulk modification for imparting a green VIPS membrane with antifouling properties

BackgroundMembrane preparation and membrane modification processes have long involved the use of toxic solvents. The present work proposes to only use envrionmentally-friendly solvents for both the fabrication and the surface modification of hydrophobic microfiltration membranes. In addition, coating processes for membrane modification are essentially surface modification processes. However, spray-coating may be a suitable method for both surface and bulk modification. MethodsAfter dissolving poly(vinylidene fluoride) in dimethylsulfoxide, membranes were formed by the vapor-induced phase separation process, and then modified using an aqeous solution of an amphiphilic copolymer containing poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate units. Then, a variety of physicochemical techniques were employed to characterize the membrane structure and prove the effectiveness of the surface/bulk modification. Antifouling tests in static and dynamic conditions were conducted. Significant findingsIt is possible to reduce the water contact angle of the top surface of the membrane from 135° to 0° and that of the bottom surface from 126° to 0° within <10 s, indicating successful hydrophilization of the membrane on the one hand, and top-to-bottom modification, despite solely exposing the top surface to the spray, on the other hand. This conclusion was confirmed by deidcated surface chemistry analyses. Besides, the membranes maintained their original highly porous and symmetric structure with light effects on surface porosity and pore size following the spray-coating process. The drasting improvement of hydrophilicity resulted in effective mitigation of fibrinogen adsorption (reduced by 85 %) and Escherichia coli adhesion (reduced by 86 %). Fouling during cyclic filtration involving a bacterial suspension was also effectively reduced with a flux recovery ratio of 53 % (against 37 % for a commercial hydrophilic membrane) and an irreversible flux decline ratio of 47 % (against 63 % for a commercial hydrophilic membrane) in the conditions of the test.

A multifunctional aspect of surface modification of cotton fabric with green synthesized titanium dioxide/iron nanocomposite using Psidium guajava leave extract

This study explores the use of green TiO2/Fe nanocomposite for surface modification of cotton fabric, aiming to minimize its limitations such as wrinkle, shrinkage, lower photocatalytic activity, microbial degradation, and poor durability. To prepare the nanocomposite, the iron (Fe) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were first green synthesized using an extract of guava leaf (Psidium guajava) and mixed by using citric acid as a cross-linking agent. The modified cotton fabric was characterized by FTIR, TGA, DTG, SEM, and EDS. The FTIR spectra of the modified fabrics showed additional peaks at 483 cm−1 for Ti-O- and 1059 cm−1 for Fe-O-, indicating the incorporation of TiO2/Fe- nanoparticles which was also confirmed by SEM images. Fe nanoparticles enhanced TiO2 NPs’ photocatalytic activity, enhancing self-cleaning, UV resistance, stain resistance, anti-water absorption, and antibacterial activity in modified cotton fabric. Additionally, the wettability, thermal stability, mechanical and chemical stability of modified cotton fabric were also improved. As a result, the method of surface modification has great potential to improve the sustainability and usability of cotton fabric, supporting its wide range of uses in clothing, medical, and personal hygiene goods.

Air-microwave simultaneously induced carbon fiber surface oxidation and magnetism adjustment by CoOx nanoparticles rapid assembly for interface enhancement and electromagnetic wave absorption of its composites

It is a significant challenge to develop a fast carbon fiber (CF) surface modification method, especially for the high strength electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. Herein, magnetic CoOx nanoparticles are successfully synthesized and uniformly assembled on CF surface with high oxygen-containing groups by rapid ambient microwave carbon thermal shock (MCTS). The presence of oxygen defect sites on CF surface promotes CoOx nanoparticles nucleation. The number of oxygen defects and the types of magnetic nanoparticles on the CF surface effectively adjust the surface chemical activity and the electromagnetic properties of CF, which is conducive to improving the EMW absorption performance and interface compatibility of the CoOx nanoparticles modified CF reinforced polyamide 6 (CO@CF/PA6) composites. Compared with CO@CF-0 s/PA6, the tensile strength and modulus of CO@CF-3.5 s/PA6 composite are increased by 18.1 % and 18.6 %, respectively. It also displays a minimum reflection loss value (−59.9 dB) at a thinner thickness of 1.9 mm while the maximum effective absorption bandwidth reaches 5.02 GHz with a thickness of 1.8 mm. Its radar cross-section values exhibit less than −10 dBm2 at all tested detection angles. This rapid MCTS shows great potential for large-scale production of CF modification with low-cost, efficient and environmentally friendly process.