Social Support Methods Research Articles

Abstract B106: Racial differences in baseline financial distress, basic needs, social support, and symptom distress among women receiving early-stage breast cancer chemotherapy

Abstract Little is known about how baseline financial health for patients with breast cancer (BC) influences racial disparity in outcomes. Thus, this study sought to: 1) describe financial hardship in women prior to chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer (baseline) and how that varies by race; 2) examine associations between baseline financial health, perceived stress, symptom distress and social support Methods: This analysis employed a descriptive correlational comparative design using data from the baseline time point of SEMOARS: The Symptom Experience, Management and Outcomes According to Race and Social Determinants of Health a multi-site, repeated measures, mixed-methods study comparing the symptom experience of Black and White women with BC. Inclusion criteria were female, Black or White race, 18 years of age or older, prescribed chemotherapy for a diagnosis of stages 1–3 BC. Measures included demographic characteristics, self-reported race, and basic needs assessment of food, housing, utilities, and health. Economic Hardship, the 17-item Psychological Sense of Economic Hardship includes 4 subscales reflecting recent economic strain. The Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL) assesses the perceived availability of social support, and the Symptom Distress Scale (SDS) evaluates the current symptom experiences of 11 symptoms. Descriptive, comparative and correlational statistics were used. Results: A total of 248 women were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Participants had a mean age of 52.99±12.31 years; were 58.9% White and 41.1% Black, 54% partnered, 57.3% employed, and 70.8% had some college education. Almost all participants (98%) had some form of insurance. Almost one fifth (18.5%) of patients reported inadequate household income to meet their basic needs and 41.5% reported somewhat or extreme difficulty in paying for their basic needs. Compared to White patients, Black patients reported significantly higher (worse) levels of economic hardship (1.17±2.95 vs. -0.70±2.36; p<.001) and reported inadequate income to meet basic needs (30.5% vs. 10.5%; p<.001), and somewhat or extreme difficulty in paying for their basic needs (50.5% vs. 27.6%; 9.5% vs. 3.9%, ps<.001 respectively). Economic hardship had significant weak to moderate correlations with symptom distress (r=0.389, p<.001) and social support subscales (r= -0.333 to -0.445, all p<.001), in the expected directions. Black race was associated with worse economic hardship, its subscales, and inadequate current household income (rs= -0.208 to -0.334; all ps <.001). Using multiple linear regression, 34% of the variance in economic hardship was explained for this cohort (F(6, 169)=19.81, p<0.001). Of the predictor variables, Black race was significantly associated with economic hardship (Beta= -0.239, p<0.001, 95% CI: -2.10 to -0.58). Discussion: Black patients begin BC chemotherapy with greater financial distress, less social support, and higher physical symptoms than White patients. This holds implications for racial differences in the ability to tolerate chemotherapy Citation Format: Margaret Q. Rosenzweig, Catherine Bender, Susan Sereika, Mary Connolly, Hiba Abujaradeh, Susan Mazanec. Racial differences in baseline financial distress, basic needs, social support, and symptom distress among women receiving early-stage breast cancer chemotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B106.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ИНТЕРНЕТ-ЗАВИСИМОСТИ У СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ

The number of Internet users is increasing every year: 62.5 % of the world’s population already have access to the World Wide Web. Most of them are people aged 12-24 years. It is this age range that is the main risk group for the development of Internet addiction (IA). The COVID-19 pandemic, in turn, has had a huge impact on increasing the time spent by citizens on the Internet. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of the COVID–19 pandemic on the development of IA among students on the example of the Northern State Medical University of Arkhangelsk; search for currently created IA prevention measures; update them and develop new ones. Materials and methods: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of IA, an intra-university online survey was conducted using the Kimberly Young methodology (Internet Addiction Test, IAT). The theoretical analysis of the problem was carried out on the refereed databases: eLibrary. Ru, CyberLeninka, PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library. Results: during the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the students increased the duration of their stay on the Internet; however, the average value of +3.39 points does not allow us to say that this increase had a significant impact on the formation of IA. In accordance with the WHO classification, the main methods of prevention are presented from: the formation of a culture of Internet use by parents, conducting preventive conversations – as primary prevention. Secondary prevention consists in the use of the PROTECT curriculum, applications for digital detoxification; the formation of a self-determination setting or the use of professional assistance (clinical psychologists, educational psychologists, etc.). As a type of tertiary prevention, it is necessary to consider methods of social support, the creation of favorable and emotional conditions in the real world and the training of addicts in controlled Internet use.

The Influence of Health Education with Social Support Methods on Knowledge and Attitudes in Preventing Drug Abuse in Street Children Communities in Taman Bungkul Surabaya

Background: Street children are at risk when they are on the streets, such as using drugs, free sex, using tattoos, piercing, and being infected with HIV. Conditions such as lack of self-confidence, having unstable emotions, which are owned by street children, make them easily influenced by other people and tend to engage in anti-social behavior such as fighting, stealing, seizing, using Drugs (Alcohol, Psychotropic Narcotics, Addictive Substances) and running a drug business, and casual sex behavior.Purpose: to conduct research on the Effect of Health Education with Social Support Methods on Knowledge and Attitudes in Preventing Drug Abuse in Street Children Communities in Taman Bungkul Surabaya.Methods: Pre-experimental research design with one group pretest-posttest.Results: In the street children's group in Taman Bungkul Surabaya, the respondent's awareness of preventing substance abuse before and after obtaining health education has improved the category of knowledge and attitude from less to appropriate or nice. The attitude of street children before and after being given health education with social support methods in preventing drug abuse in the street children community in Taman Bungkul Surabaya has a mostly positive attitude change.Conclusion: There is an effect of health education with social support methods in preventing drug abuse in street children communities in Taman Bungkul Surabaya.

Share your rare with care: a patient corner for the European Reference Networks on Rare Disease

Abstract Background The European Reference Network on Rare Disease (ERN) is focused on providing more equitable care across Europe and creates a network of both medical specialists and patient experts. One relevant objective of the activities planned into the ERNs is to address the economic dimensions of rare diseases in order to develop strategies to improve research and patients' access to orphan drugs (ODs) and highly specialized health technologies. The themes built in these preliminary years were directed toward guidelines and policies concerning reimbursement of ODs and direct provision by the healthcare system. Methods to proceed further in humanization of care we establish involvement of patients' associations in decision making and implementation of clinical practice guidelines. We built in Federico II University Hospital where 12 ERN were aligned a front office corner shared between patients association and hospital direction in order to face the patient difficulties along the pathway. The corner is open three times a week on the morning, with a dedicated phone number. Results Main issues regarded the understanding of the disease and the diagnosis (ie, lack of familiarity with the rare disease, disease heterogeneity, lack of established diagnostic criteria, misdiagnosis,) the development of effective treatments and the need for efficacy along the path way of care (ie, geographical limitations, disease coding systems, ethical and privacy issues). Fewer concerns were about the equity of access and other social pressures. Conclusions In general, in ERN context, few people declared to work in human and social issues, including research on patient's quality of life, patient's awareness, or methods for social support. Our findings demonstrated that Patients were positively affected from the corner initiative: this may ameliorate the use of infrastructures offering services, also that rarely known as national and international biobanking platforms, registries and networks. Key messages Humanization of care issues and strategies are nowadays mandatory in rare diseases. Patients are positively affected from shared initiatives.

Research activity and capability in the European reference network MetabERN

BackgroundMetabERN is one of the 24 European Reference Networks created according to the European Union directive 2011/24/EU on patient’s rights in cross border healthcare. MetabERN associates 69 centres in 18 countries, which provide care for patients with Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, and have the mission to reinforce research and provide training for health professionals in this field. MetabERN performed a survey in December 2017 with the aim to produce an overview documenting research activities and potentials within the network. As the centres are multidisciplinary, separated questionnaires were sent to the clinical, university and laboratory teams. Answers were received from 52 out of the 69 centres of the network, covering 16 countries. A descriptive analysis of the information collected is presented.ResultsThe answers indicate a marked interest of the respondents for research, who expressed high motivation and commitment, and estimated that the conditions to do research in their institution were mostly satisfactory. They are active in research, which according to several indicators, is competitive and satisfies standards of excellence, as well as the education programs offered in the respondent’s universities. Research in the centres is primarily performed in genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology, and focuses on issues related to diagnosis. Few respondents declared having activity in human and social sciences, including research on patient’s quality of life, patient’s awareness, or methods for social support. Infrastructures offering services for medical research were rarely known and used by respondents, including national and international biobanking platforms. In contrast, respondents often participate to patient registries, even beyond their specific field of interest.ConclusionsTaken as a whole, these results provide an encouraging picture of the research capacities and activities in the MetabERN network, which, with respect to the number and representativeness of the investigated centres, gives a comprehensive picture of research on Hereditary Metabolic Diseases in Europe, as well as the priorities for future actions. Marginal activity in human and social sciences points out the limited multidisciplinary constitution of the responding teams with possible consequences on their current capability to participate to patient’s empowerment programs and efficiently collaborate with patient’s advocacy groups.

Effect of social support on the compliance behavior of young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community

Objective To explore effective methods of social support and their effect on the compliance behavior of young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community.Methods 288 cases of young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Shenzhen community were chosen by cluster sampling and given intervention of social support for one year.Their scores of compliance behavior were compared before and after the intervention (the higher the score,the worse the compliance).Results Total core before the intervention was (56.8 ± 10.9) while that after was (52.5 ± 8.8),and the difference was statistically significant (t ＝ 15.0,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,score of each sub-project was also lower after the intervention than before,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Effective implementation of social support can improve the compliance behavior of young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community,so as to successfully control the disease and its complications. Key words: Diabetes,type 2; Social support; Compliance behavior; Community youth

Care, Health Seeking and Social Support Levels in Uganda

Care begins with oneself before it can be shown to others. Not until one cares about himself that he or she will seek health care. It calls for resources from within individual means to provide long before such individuals seek better health policies in place to govern the health sector. Objective (s): To find out the levels of care, health-seeking and social support Methods: Random Sample (148) that targeted Districts of Wakiso, Kampala and Jinja District and a population of secondary and university students. 25% from Eastern Region, 15% Western Region, 55% Central Region, and 5% Northern Region; Rural (35%) and Urban 65%; and males (70%) and females (30%) SPSS software was used to enter and analyze data. Results: Care was rated at yes (44%), no (24) and sometimes (34%); health seeking rated at yes (54%), no (20%), sometimes (25%) and don’t know (1%) and social support at yes (57%), no (9%), sometimes (32%), and don’t know (2%). Conclusion: In conclusion, care, health-seeking and social support are important part of health living and primary in community health interventions. There is need to integrated health care to capture different clientele choices and decisions to health care and lifestyle which will include health education in all local languages, acknowledgment and support to indigenous medical technologies, health education in schools and welfare development for citizens.