Economical Method Research Articles

Economic evaluation of GnRH-agonist long protocol and GnRH-antagonist protocol in IVT/ICSI among the Chinese population: using pharmacoeconomic models

ObjectiveThis paper uses health economics methods to discuss the cost-effectiveness value of long protocol and antagonist protocol for in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (ET) in the Chinese population.DesignHealth economic...

Application of Economic and Statistical Methods to Improve the Efficiency of Cinemas under Sanctions Conditions

Application of Economic and Statistical Methods to Improve the Efficiency of Cinemas under Sanctions Conditions

Food-Intolerance Genetic Testing: A Useful Tool for the Dietary Management of Chronic Gastrointestinal Disorders.

The rise in food intolerances and celiac disease, along with advanced diagnostic techniques, has prompted health professionals to seek effective and economical testing methods. This study evaluates combining genetic tests with routine carbohydrate-absorption breath tests to classify patients with chronic gastrointestinal disorders into therapeutic groups, enhancing dietary management and improving gut health and quality of life. Forty-nine patients with suspected carbohydrate intolerance underwent genetic testing for lactase non-persistence, hereditary fructose intolerance, and celiac disease risk. Simultaneously, breath tests assessed lactose and fructose absorption. The lactase non-persistence genotype appeared in 36.7% of cases, with one hereditary fructose-intolerance case in a heterozygous condition. Celiac disease risk markers (HLA-DQ2/8 haplotypes) were found in 49.0% of the population. Secondary lactose and/or fructose malabsorption was present in 67.3% of patients, with 66.1% of lactase non-persistence individuals showing secondary lactose malabsorption. Fructose malabsorption was prevalent in 45.8% of patients at risk for celiac disease. Two main treatment groups were defined based on genetic results, indicating primary and irreversible gastrointestinal disorder causes, followed by a sub-classification using breath test results. Genetic testing is a valuable tool for designing dietary management plans, avoiding unnecessary diet restrictions, and reducing recovery times.

Higher alcohol acetoacetate aluminum chelates as pour point depressant and impedance reducing agent of biodiesel-diesel blends

The use of additives to improve the shortcomings of biofuels in application is one of the most economical and effective methods. In this study, a new type of tridentate higher alcohol acetoacetate aluminum chelate additive was synthesized originally and then synchronously used as pour point depressant and resistance reducing agent. The low temperature fluidity of biodiesel-diesel blends, including cloud point, cold filter plugging point and pour point could be reduced by the maximum of 6, 7 and 12 °C for B20 (20 vol% biodiesel + 80 vol% diesel), and 5, 5 and 9 °C for biodiesel after the treatment of higher alcohol acetoacetate aluminum chelate additive, named as C16-acac-Al. Furthermore, the impedance modulus determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the blends were greatly reduced after the treatment of C16-acac-Al, especially noiseless-free in the low frequency region, and the effects of temperature change on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of treated blends was explored. At length, the mechanism on how the morphology of wax crystals affect electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of treated blends as well as the effect mechanism of the synthetic additives improving the low temperature fluidity of blends were put forward.

Advancing paper microfluidics: A strategic approach for rapid fabrication of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) enabling in-vitro sensing of creatinine

Paper-based microfluidic sensors for point-of-care applications represent an exceptional strategy for facilitating rapid sensing within clinical settings. Despite their considerable promise, the ongoing research objective lies in efficiently printing hydrophobic microfluidic channels (µPADs) onto hydrophilic paper while minimizing expenditure. This research paper introduces an advanced, economic, and efficient method for the rapid fabrication of µPADs on paper substrates, enabling immediate colorimetric detection of creatinine in artificial urine using Jaffe’s reagent. The process involves a modified DIY RepRap 3D printer with an integrated technical drawing pen filled with the solution of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and hexane. This solution creates hydrophobic domain barriers on a flexible nylon-based paper substrate, effectively confining the aqueous medium within the microfluidic channels. We report visual detection of a broad spectrum of creatinine concentrations ranging from 5 mg/dL to 450 mg/dL through the vibrant Janovsky complex appearance on the microfluidic domains. The study identifies the limiting concentration on µPADs as 500 mg/dL. The innovative procedure demonstrates exceptional selectivity, exhibiting a maximum interference of only 0.97 % from potentially interfering substances. This rapid, naked-eye detection of creatinine on nylon 6,6 membranes offers a user-friendly and economical approach, enhancing the capabilities of colorimetric visualization in point-of-care applications.

Establishment of Dynamic Properties for Malaysian Peat Soil Using Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves

A poor understanding of peat behavior has introduced several engineering problems including differential settlements or slides which greatly impact society. Problematic characteristics of peat including a high moisture content and the presence of fresh fibers, cause a significant challenge in obtaining high-quality samples for laboratory-based investigation. Therefore, the application of in-situ geophysical methods is sought to mitigate these problems. The dynamic properties of a peat deposit in West Malaysia are described in this study. The Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) was conducted at six different locations. These peat soils had considerably different characteristics due to the different natures of decomposed materials. The samples obtained from the five locations had organic contents of 66.5 to 97.1%, water contents of 447 to 964%, and fiber content between 22.1 and 75.2%. Based on Von Post classification, the peat type ranged from H3 (fibrous) to H8 (amorphous). Shear wave velocity (Vs) and maximum shear modulus (Gmax) are presented, and their dependence on variables such as moisture content, organic content, fiber content, specific gravity and bulk density are illustrated. The general trend shows an increase in Vs and Gmaxwith decreasing moisture, organic and fiber content of peat soil. The difference in the degree of humification did not result in significant differences in Vs and Gmax obtained. The results showed that the value of Vs and Gmax ranged from 24.0 to 67.1m/s and 0.40 to 7.06 MPa respectively. Correlation between the index and dynamic properties peat shows that the Vs and Gmax increase as the moisture, organic and fiber content decreases. Successful determination of in-situ Vs and Gmax on peat soil minimized the potential of underestimation due to sample disturbance and provide a sustainable, rapid and economic method.

Rapid Recovery of Degraded Perovskite Single-Crystal Radiation Detectors via Infrared Healing.

Radiation detectors based on metal halide perovskite (MHP) single crystals (SCs) have exhibited exceptional sensitivity, low detection limit, and remarkable energy resolution. However, the operational stability issue still dramatically impedes their commercialization due to degradation induced by high-energy irradiation and large bias. Here, we propose an innovative infrared healing strategy to restore the devices that have undergone severe damage from both long-term biasing and X-ray irradiation. Compared to the slow and inefficient intrinsic self-healing process of MHPs, the infrared healing method demonstrates the capacity to achieve rapid recovery of the detection performance of the degraded devices within just 1 h. We reveal that the healing mechanism is mainly related to the reduction of the ion-migration activation energy in MHP SCs under infrared illumination, which promotes the back diffusion of the displaced ions to their original lattice positions and remedies defects. Finally, the healing effect is further confirmed through the gamma-ray spectroscopy acquisition with degraded MHP SCs, whose energy resolution at 59.5 keV of 241Am source is improved from 36% to 12% following infrared illumination. These results present infrared healing as a simple and economic method to extend the service life of MHP SC-based detectors.

The Impact of Polymerization Atmosphere on the Microstructure and Photocatalytic Properties of Fe-Doped g-C3N4 Nanosheets

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS, SO52−)-based oxidation is an efficient pathway for degrading organic pollutants, but it still suffers from slow degradation efficiency and low PMS utilization. In this work, we report the preparation of porous Fe-doped g-C3N4 catalysts by one-step thermal polymerization using urea and transition metal salts as precursors and investigate the effect of atmosphere conditions (air and nitrogen) on the catalytic performance. Systematic characterizations show that Fe-doped g-C3N4 prepared in air (FeNx-CNO) has a larger specific surface area (136.2 m2 g−1) and more oxygen vacancies than that prepared in N2 (FeNx-CNN, 74.2 m2 g−1), giving it more active sites to participate in the reaction. Meanwhile, FeNx-CNO inhibits the recombination of photogenerated carriers and improves the light utilization. The redox cycling of Fe(III) and Fe(II) species in the photocatalytic system ensures the continuous generation of SO5•− and SO4•−. Therefore, FeNx-CNO can remove CBZ up to 96% within 20 min, which is 3.4 times higher than that of CNO and 3.1 times higher than that of FeNx-CNN, and the degradation efficiency can still retain 93% after 10 cycles of reaction. This study provides an economical and efficient method for photocatalysis in the degradation of medicines in contaminated water.

The adsorption and fixation of Cd and Pb by the microbial consortium weakened the toxic effect of heavy metal-contaminated soil on rice

With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, the toxicity and pollution of Cd and Pb in soil and plants are becoming increasingly severe. Microbial remediation is considered an economical and sustainable method for addressing heavy metal ion pollution. This experiment established a microbial consortium capable of efficiently adsorbing and fixing Cd and Pb. The consortium consisted of two isolated strains: the straw-degrading bacterium ZJW-6 (Cellulomonas iranensis) and the phosphate-solubilizing bacterium wj1 (Pseudomonas brassicacearum). The microbial consortium exhibited high resistance to Cd and Pb, resulting in a significant reduction in heavy metal toxicity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of Cd and Pb for the mixed microbial consortium were 900 mg/L and 2500 mg/L, respectively. Results indicated that within seven days, the microbial consortium’s removal rates of Cd and Pb reached 94.25 % and 74 %, respectively, surpassing the removal abilities of the individual member bacteria. It also enriched the soil organic matter and produced larger aggregates to adsorb more heavy metals (Cd: 3.35 mg/kg, Pb: 86.57 mg/kg). By the 60th day, 91.2 % of Cd and 97.89 % of Pb in the soil rhizosphere had been removed, and the free Cd and Pb in plant tissues were significantly reduced. Soil aggregates, which are the basic units of soil and an important index for measuring soil structure, were improved. The microbial consortium also played a significant role in restoring the soil microbial community, mobilizing the combined action of microorganisms represented by Ramlibacter and Sphingomonas to repair heavy metal pollution and promote plant growth. This provides a new method to bioremediate metal-contaminated soil and enhance the plant growth environment.

Metal Doped-MoS2/g-C3N4 Nanocomposites for Antibiotics Degradation with Photo-Fenton Reaction Process: Defect Engineering, Synergistic Effects, and Degradation Mechanisms

Currently, the energy crisis and environmental pollutions due to the growth of industrialization and urbanization become gradually a prominent and serious issue. Due to these reasons, we aimed to design photoactive metal-doped MoS2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites photocatalysts for the degradation of antibiotics. The degradation of organic pollutants with photocatalysis is considered as green, ecofriendly, economical, and promising methods. Herein, ultrathin g-C3N4 was prepared with simple method and combined with metal-doped MoS2 (Mg-doped MoS2) with varying the amounts of dopants. The prepared photocatalyst materials were tested for the degradation of ciprofloxacin in the photo-Fenton reaction process. The optimum amount of metal-doped MoS2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites photocatalysts showed enhanced catalytic performance and degrades 72% of ciprofloxacin while 52 and 48 % of degradations were achieved with MoS2 and g-C3N4 catalysts, respectively. Here, the key significant problems of the individual components were solved via synergistic effects in the photocatalytic degradation system. The results also offer an opportunity to enhance the electronic structures of the crystalline materials. Moreover, the metal-doping will also create defects on the MoS2 and improves the charge transfer ability of the photocatalyst. The results proved that the metal-doped MoS2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites photocatalysts could be a promising photo-Fenton catalyst system in the environmental remediation.

Coordinated economic and low‐carbon operation strategy for a multi‐energy greenhouse incorporating carbon capture and emissions trading

AbstractGreenhouses need to supply CO2 to crops while simultaneously emitting CO2. To effectively harness the dual functionality of greenhouses as a carbon source and carbon consumer, this work incorporates carbon capture and emissions trading into a multi‐energy greenhouse (MEG), which is equipped with various power and heat sources such as photovoltaic (PV) panels and a combined heat and power (CHP) unit and proposes that the captured CO2 should be used to feed crops on‐site. A low‐carbon economic operation method is proposed for the coordinated environment‐energy‐carbon management of the MEG, and it considers various factors, including the power purchase/carbon supply costs, carbon emissions trading income, temperature/humidity/light intensity and CO2 concentration requirements for crops, and operational constraints of various energy/environmental regulation equipment. The proposed method is validated using a tomato MEG. The results highlight the significant economic and environmental benefits of introducing carbon capture, emissions trading, and utilisation into MEGs.

Skin Telocytes Could Fundament the Cellular Mechanisms of Wound Healing in Platelet-Rich Plasma Administration.

For more than 40 years, autologous platelet concentrates have been used in clinical medicine. Since the first formula used, namely platelet-rich plasma (PRP), other platelet concentrates have been experimented with, including platelet-rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor. Platelet concentrates have three standard characteristics: they act as scaffolds, they serve as a source of growth factors and cytokines, and they contain live cells. PRP has become extensively used in regenerative medicine for the successful treatment of a variety of clinical (non-)dermatological conditions like alopecies, acne scars, skin burns, skin ulcers, muscle, cartilage, and bone repair, and as an adjuvant in post-surgery wound healing, with obvious benefits in terms of functionality and aesthetic recovery of affected tissues/organs. These indications were well documented, and a large amount of evidence has already been published supporting the efficacy of this method. The primordial principle behind minimally invasive PRP treatments is the usage of the patient's own platelets. The benefits of the autologous transplantation of thrombocytes are significant, representing a fast and economic method that requires only basic equipment and training, and it is biocompatible, thus being a low risk for the patient (infection and immunological reactions can be virtually disregarded). Usually, the structural benefits of applying PRP are attributed to fibroblasts only, as they are considered the most numerous cell population within the interstitium. However, this apparent simplistic explanation is still eluding those different types of interstitial cells (distinct from fibroblasts) that are residing within stromal tissue, e.g., telocytes (TCs). Moreover, dermal TCs have an already documented potential in angiogenesis (extra-cutaneous, but also within skin), and their implication in skin recovery in a few dermatological conditions was attested and described ultrastructurally and immunophenotypically. Interestingly, PRP biochemically consists of a series of growth factors, cytokines, and other molecules, to which TCs have also proven to have a positive expression. Thus, it is attractive to hypothesize and to document any tissular collaboration between cutaneous administered PRP and local dermal TCs in skin recovery/repair/regeneration. Therefore, TCs could be perceived as the missing link necessary to provide a solid explanation of the good results achieved by administering PRP in skin-repairing processes.

ECONOMIC-STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS AFFECTING THE AGRICULTURAL NETWORK IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

This article statistically analyzes factors that have a strong influence on the main macroeconomic indicators of the agricultural network of our country and the general state of the economy. Also, based on the structural changes occurring in the agricultural sector and dynamic changes in the main economic indicators of the industry, these factors were analyzed by various statistical methods and a statistical assessment of their impact in future periods was given. In particular, the influence of GDP, GRP, economic categories operating in the network and their share, land area, share and influence of small businesses in the network is based on scientific results. KEY WORDS : Macroeconomics, GDP, GRP, agriculture, small business and private entrepreneurship, macroeconomic indicators, agricultural production, structural changes, statistical indicators, economic statistical analysis, statistical methods, time series, correlation and regression analysis, factor analysis, agrarian reforms, social - economic processes .

Rapid detection of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella by matrix-assisted laser desorption–ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with the ratio of optical density

BackgroundThe increased resistance rate of Salmonella to third-generation cephalosporins represented by ceftriaxone (CRO) may result in the failure of the empirical use of third-generation cephalosporins for the treatment of Salmonella infection in children. The present study was conducted to evaluate a novel method for the rapid detection of CRO-resistant Salmonella (CRS).MethodsWe introduced the concept of the ratio of optical density (ROD) with and without CRO and combined it with matrix-assisted laser desorption–ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to establish a new protocol for the rapid detection of CRS.ResultsThe optimal incubation time and CRO concentration determined by the model strain test were 2 h and 8 µg/ml, respectively. We then conducted confirmatory tests on 120 clinical strains. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the ROD cutoff value for distinguishing CRS and non-CRS strains was 0.818 [area under the curve: 1.000; 95% confidence interval: 0.970–1.000; sensitivity: 100.00%; specificity: 100%; P < 10− 3].ConclusionsIn conclusion, the protocol for the combined ROD and MALDI-TOF MS represents a rapid, accurate, and economical method for the detection of CRS.

Economic Order Quantity Method to Enhance Rice Supplies and Food Security in Indonesia

Ensuring adequate food provision to meet human basic needs is of utmost importance. In Indonesia, achieving food security involves meeting the food requirements of all individuals and eliminating the risk of famine. The government's strategy to ensure national food security centers on maintaining a steady supply of rice throughout the year, recognizing its paramount significance. To address this concern, this study aims to enhance rice supplies at Gudang Bulog Baru Tempel Lemahbang 202 Blora by implementing the economic order quantity (EOQ) method. The research findings demonstrate that by utilizing the EOQ method, the optimal rice supply order size would be 15,319.4 tons. This order should be placed 119 times per year, given the 280 business days available. The annual cost of implementing this policy at Gudang Bulog Baru Tempel Lemahbang 202 Blora is estimated to be Rp. 424,484,526. Implementing the EOQ method proves beneficial in minimizing the cost for individual rice orders due to its high frequency throughout the year, which directly affects the total cost. Nevertheless, it is crucial to reassess alternative policies to further reduce the overall cost incurred in both the short and long term if the objective of the EOQ method is cost minimization.Top of Form

Перспективы развития рынка мяса и мясной продукции России в условиях новых вызовов

Abstract. Topicality of adjusting the targets of agri-food policy and food security policy in Russia is determined by changes in both external and internal conditions for agri-food complex functioning. Macroeconomic forecasts create the basis for revising and adapting the directions of development of the main sectors of the agri-food complex. The purpose of this study is to develop alternative forecasts for the production and consumption of main types of meat and meat products in Russia to substantiate strategies for domestic market development. Methods. General scientific methods of cognition were used, such as dialectics, analysis and synthesis, and monographic methods. Forecast calculations were carried out using economic and mathematical methods. The scientific novelty of the study is as follows: the development of a methodological approach to substantiate the prospects for the development of meat and meat products production considering the balance of the meat products market and the consistency of conflicting targets in the field of import substitution, physical and economic accessibility of food for the country's population. The methodological recommendations developed during the study can serve as the scientific basis for midterm development programs of individual segments of the Russian food market. Results. It was revealed that in the short term, new challenges related to economic sanctions and COVID-19 had minor impact on the meat and meat products market. Limiting barriers to development are systemic economic problems: demographic situation and low real income. Alternative forecasts for development of markets for the main types of meat were developed.

Selecting a priority criterion when forming optimal management of a production enterprise using digitalization tools

Relevance. At the present stage, economic and mathematical methods cannot be fully implemented without the use of digitalization tools. The center of many modern theoretical studies, both by foreign and Russian authors, is a simulation model that allows the most complete reflection of both the theoretical message under consideration and its nuances, to which a software package or modeling tools can be fully adapted. The activities of various production and technology companies may be influenced by external factors, which must be resolved not only strategically, but also operationally. Methodological problems lie in the choice of a priority criterion for the formation of optimal management of a manufacturing enterprise using digitalization tools.The purpose is to select a priority criterion for the formation of optimal management of a manufacturing enterprise using digitalization tools.Objectives. objective prerequisites for the construction of simulation models based on an optimization approach are given; the initial formulation of the convex programming problem is justified, an analysis of the priority of weight coefficients is given; the accuracy of calculation and the type of utility function is justified when the analysis of the prevailing normalized prices is assumed. In such initial conditions, the solution of the convex programming problem can be reduced to finding the optimum in the production planning problem.Methodology. The study was carried out using methods of logical and comparative analysis of existing simulation models of operational management of the company, as well as methods of mathematical modeling.Results. The paper proposes an algorithm for the phased implementation of the optimization task, taking into account three relevant responses of the system to the use of resource-saving technologies, determined by the use of a specific type of technological production.Conclusions. The priority of choosing a criterion in the formation of optimal management of a manufacturing enterprise using digitalization tools creates favorable conditions for the system's response to technology changes, depending on three possible states of production technology: ultra-efficient technology, extremely backward technology, medium or normal technology.

Development of a fast and low-cost aqueous based-extraction protocol for the simultaneous extraction and characterization of SiO2 and TiO2 (nano)particles in confectionary products

BackgroundThe determination of (nano)particulate content from food additives has been a long-standing concern for authorities since it is of vital importance for ensuring food safety, regulatory adherence, and transparent consumer information. Nonetheless, a critical step in these determinations is the refinement of a careful and quantitative extraction process for particles that may be found within complex matrices such as confectionery products. The development of new technologies and analysis methods for nanoparticles is ongoing. Whereas new technologies and analysis methods for nanoparticles are being developed, the extraction of (nano)particles of different nature has not been adequately addressed in the literature. ResultsA simple aqueous extraction procedure was found to be suitable for the simultaneous extraction of TiO2 and SiO2 (nano)particles from five confectionery products. Neither the extraction agents (water, lipase, pancreatin and Tris-HCl solutions) nor the methods (manual shaking, ultrasonic bath, ultrasonic probe and ultrafiltration) altered the size, morphology, or aggregation state of either type of particle, as revealed by the micrographs obtained by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Single-particle ICP-MS (spICP-MS) determined that the optimal conditions for extracting both types of particles involve manual shaking using water as the solvent. Furthermore, the use of enzymes seemed to hinder the determination of both types of particles by spICP-MS. (Nano)particles of TiO2 and SiO2 were detected in all the confectionaries, even though the E171 additive was only labeled in one of them. The average percentage of nanoparticulate TiO2 material in the evaluated products was 30 %, while no nanometer-sized particles of SiO2 were detected. SignificanceEnsuring food safety, regulatory compliance and transparent consumer information relies on getting reliable results that connect with the application of sample treatment procedures for detecting unaltered nanoparticles in food products. The presented research introduces an economical, swift, user-friendly, environmentally responsible, and harmonious extraction method for the concurrent analysis of TiO2 and SiO2 particles in confectionery samples. Furthermore, particles from additives not included in the labeling have been detected, characterized, and quantified in the confectionary products.

Development and application of a novel recombinase polymerase amplification-Pyrococcus furiosus argonaute system for rapid detection of goose parvovirus

Rapid and accurate detection of goose parvovirus (GPV) is crucial for controlling outbreaks and mitigating their economic impact on the poultry industry. This study introduces recombinase polymerase amplification combined with the Pyrococcus furiosus argonaute (RPA-PfAgo) system, a novel diagnostic platform designed to address the limitations of traditional GPV detection methods. Capitalizing on the rapid DNA amplification of RPA and stringent nucleic acid cleavage by the PfAgo protein, the RPA-PfAgo system offers high specificity and sensitivity in detecting GPV. Our optimization efforts included primer and probe configurations, reaction parameters, and guided DNA selection, culminating in a detection threshold of 102 GPV DNA copies per microlitre. The specificity of the proposed method was rigorously validated against a spectrum of avian pathogens. Clinical application to lung tissues from GPV-infected geese yielded a detection concordance of 100%, surpassing that of qPCR and PCR in both rapidity and operational simplicity. The RPA-PfAgo system has emerged as a revolutionary diagnostic modality for managing this disease, as it is a promising rapid, economical, and onsite GPV detection method amenable to integration into broad-scale disease surveillance frameworks. Future explorations will extend the applicability of this method to diverse avian diseases and assess its field utility across various epidemiological landscapes.

The Influence of Adding B4C and CeO2 on the Mechanical Properties of Laser Cladding Nickel-Based Coatings on the Surface of TC4 Titanium Alloy.

The development of titanium alloys is limited by issues such as low hardness, poor wear resistance, and sensitivity to adhesive wear. Using laser cladding technology to create high-hardness wear-resistant coatings on the surface of titanium alloys is an economical and efficient method that can enhance their surface hardness and wear resistance. This paper presents the preparation of two types of nickel-based composite coatings, Ni60-Ti-Cu-xB4C and Ni60-Ti-Cu-B4C-xCeO2, on the surface of TC4 titanium alloy using laser cladding. When the B4C addition was 8 wt.%, the hardness of the cladding layer was the highest, with an average microhardness of 1078 HV, which was 3.37 times that of the TC4 substrate. The friction coefficient was reduced by 24.7% compared to the TC4 substrate, and the wear volume was only 2.7% of that of the substrate material. When the CeO2 content was 3 wt.%, the hardness of the cladding layer was the highest, with an average microhardness of 1105 HV, which was 3.45 times that of the TC4 substrate. The friction coefficient was reduced by 33.7% compared to the substrate material, and the wear volume was only 1.8% of that of the substrate material.