Methods Of Discursive Analysis Research Articles

POLYCODE HISTORICAL DISCOURSE FEATURES

The paper deals with the feature of verbal and visual semiotic systems peculiar to historical discourse. The relevance of the research is determined by the necessity to identify the correlation of verbal and visual means used by historians in the transmission of information. The methodology of the article is based on the research works of home and foreign scholars. The methods that have been used in the research are: the method of discursive analysis, the method of linguistic analysis, the method of interpretive analysis. As a result of the analysis of historical discourse it has been established that the appeal to various semiotic systems facilitates and streamlines the assimilation of information about the events of the historical past of mankind, preserving the memory of them in the images proposed by the historians. History, which is not given to historians in their immediate experience, is reconstructed by them by means of different semiotic systems. The verbal code reinforced by the visual one sets a certain perception of historical events as they are viewed by historians. In historical discourse, the use of different semiotic systems in the transmission of the most significant historical events is necessary to attract the attention of recipients to them in order to change not only their perception, but also to transform the basic dominants of their mental space, in which the events of the historical past that are not reproduced in experience are reconstructed.

The specifics and functions of the concepts of LIFE and DEATH in V. Y. Bryusov's poetry

The object of the study are poems representing such thematic layers as love lyrics; urban lyrics, including poems dedicated to Venice; the theme of death; the theme of Vikings; great figures of the past; apocalyptic themes. The paper actualizes the importance of studying Bryusov's poetry in the aspect of cognitive linguistics, examines the essence of the concepts. The place of the concepts of LIFE and DEATH in the hierarchical structure of the conceptual sphere is analyzed, their meanings are revealed based on the lexicographic material of dictionaries, representing, along with the primary meanings, various associative lexical units, including mythologems that arose on the basis of cognitive metaphorization, which, being representatives of concepts, fill slots, form a frame structure, while the frame qualifies as the core of the concept. The analysis of poems allowing to recreate the linguistic and artistic worldview of the poet, the keys to understanding which are the basic concepts of LIFE and DEATH, and to determine their specificity and role, is carried out. The following methods were used in the research process: the method of discursive analysis, which allowed us to study the interacting denotative and conceptual structures that organize the semantic space of each lyrical work under consideration in the context of Bryusov's poetry; the cultural and historical method, which contributed to the identification of connotative meanings representing the concepts of LIFE and DEATH; the hermeneutic method, which made it possible to analyze the poetics of poems. As a result of the study, the authors came to the following conclusions. Organizing a system of poetic creativity, vividly embodying the main motive, the motive of duality, the concepts of LIFE and DEATH undergo semantic contamination based on the intersection of their frame networks and form a single bipolar concept of LIFE/DEATH. An integral phenomenon, Bryusov's concept of LIFE/DEATH is multifunctional: as a figurative means, this structural unit creates the poet's idiosyncrasy; plays a text-forming role; organizes the main motives that allow Bryusov to carry out a discourse relevant to him and his contemporaries about the problem of the meaning of life and its eternity. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the work of V. Y. Bryusov, from the point of view of the conceptual sphere and conceptualization, has not been sufficiently studied. For the first time, the comprehension of V.Y. Bryusov's linguistic picture of the world was realized through the concepts of LIFE and DEATH, which are fundamental in his work.

Olaf Scholz, His Program of the Future, and the European Direction in Russia's Foreign Policy

The article features the current European direction in Russia’s foreign policy in the context of the Western ideas and its response to them. The author focuses on the current ideological state of the modern European direction as part of Russia’s foreign policy and the role of the historical community in its development. The research objective was to identify and classify the dominant European ideas, as well as to define their influence on the European direction of Russia’s foreign policy and to outline the prospective cross-thematic historical research. The combined historical-subject and historiographical goal resulted from the incomplete nature of the processes under study and the opportunities for the Russian historical community to participate in the formation of the modern European direction of Russia’s foreign policy. The author believes that the cooperation of historians and social scientists can bring about major practical benefits. The research relied on standard historical methods and the method of discursive analysis. The chronological scope of the article is limited to 2022 and the early 2023, which made it impossible to provide a brief overview of the related literature in the introduction. The article is debatable and refers to a mixed type of subject-theoretic articles on recent history. The main practical results are the four possible directions of cross-thematic research: 1) the history of splits in Europe, European states, and European societies, as well as their consequences; 2) worldviews, conflicting worldviews, struggle and dialogue of worldviews, uni-/multivariant and un/productive synthesis of ideas and their consequences; 3) the first stage of globalization in modern history and prospects for European integration; 4) options, types, and patterns of partnerships and collaborations within Europe and individual European countries, as well as societies outside Europe.

The memory of the deportation of kalmyks of “generation 1.5”: narrative construction

The memory of the deportation of the Kalmyks as a traumatic event is not homogeneous. Women and men, expelled as teenagers or adults, or Kalmyk children born as “spetspereselency”, had different experiences of eviction and survival and remember these years in different ways. The oral stories I have collected show the memory of the community through personal narratives, revealing variety of personal strategies and resistance. In this publication, I would like to show, using the example of one interview, the features of social memory about the deportation of the Kalmyks and the specifics of the narrative about this “generation 1.5”. The main research task was to analyze the plots, images, assessments that form the narrative about the deportation of the Kalmyks from the “children of Siberia”. Other objectives of the publication: to find out how the language of trauma works in the narrative about the deportation of the Kalmyks, to show the possibilities of commentary as a scholarly genre. The article consists of three parts: an introduction, fragments of the text of a spontaneous interview and comments on them. The study used the method of discursive analysis and generational theory. The field material is presented in the form of a transcribed text of an interview recorded by the author in 2006. The discursive strategies of the narrative speak of its positive nature.

International cooperation on climate research and green technologies in the face of sanctions: The case of Russia

<abstract> <p>The purpose of this study was to develop the theoretical model for the regime of anti-Russian sanctions against the climate R&D sector, as well as the related green finance sector. Achieving this purpose was carried out on the basis of using the system of the following methods. 1) A method of discursive analysis was applied to texts and statements that occur in scientific articles, analytical reviews and notes in electronic media and discussion pages on the Internet. 2) Meta-analysis was applied to both original works and to primary materials of an empirical nature containing statistical data, which are sometimes of a variable nature. 3) The methodology of stochastic factor analysis served as the basis for considering sanctions as factors that probabilistically determine various changes in Russian science and technology policies and science legislation. 4) The use of the foresight method was aimed at identifying options for the medium- and long-term development of Russia's participation in international cooperation in the field of climate R&D while under sanctions. According to the developed model, the regime of scientific sanctions against Russia is aimed at breaking cooperation with Russian participation at the level of programs and projects. The institutionalization of scientific ruptures has several aspects, such as the freezing of personal contacts, the suspension of funding, as well as the supply of equipment and the provision of services for its maintenance. The peculiarity of scientific sanctions against Russia lies in the unprecedented combination of the national and global scales of their consequences. The study concludes that, due to Russia's significant contribution to climate change, the consequences of scientific, economic and financial sanctions have a negative cumulative effect on the implementation of the global climate agenda. This means the emergence of problems in reducing greenhouse gas emissions due to the partial abandonment of previously formulated climate goals. The model proposed in this study reveals Russia's response to sanction challenges, which means that Russia continues to follow the trend in the development of climate science and improve the institution of green finance.</p> </abstract>

ДОКТРИНА БИХЕВИОРИЗМА В НАРРАТИВНОЙ СТРУКТУРЕ ПЕРВОГО РОМАНА Д.Л. ТАРТТ

The article raises the actual problem of the transfer of knowledge and its modern interpretations in scientific and artistic discourses. The purpose of the article is to analyze the ideas of behaviorism interpreted as a poetical resource in modern literature. The subject matter of the study is the narrative structure of modern American novel. The methodology of the material research is based on an integrated approach that combines elements of cultural-historical narratological, poetological and cognitive-discursive methodsnarratological and poetological approaches, methods of discursive analysis and cognitive poetics. While considering the poetological content of D.L. Tartt’s representative text, we prove that the appeal to the doctrine of bihaviorism is dictated by the need for discussing the key problems of human capabilities. The doctrine of behaviorism becomes an incentive for the characters to make vital decisions. This allows to conclude that psychological knowledge and behaviorism as its leading trend in American science were very influential in the youth’s consciousness, which was reflected in the first novel by D.L. Tartt. At the same time, the author’ critical attitude to behaviorism is obvious. The practical significance of the results of the article consists in the development of methods and techniques for studying the features of the incorporation of scientific knowledge into a literary text.

Конфликтогенность форм цифровой коммуникации в аспекте лингвистической безопасности (на материале комментариев к блогам платформы «Яндекс-дзен»)

The object of this study is a blog as a form of digital communication that often violate the linguistic security. The subject of the study was the comments of Yandex-Zen blogs about cooking and beauty as a tool for the implementation of verbal abuse. The purpose of the study is to highlight the linguo-conflictogenic components of discourse that violate the linguistic security of participants in digital communication. To achieve this goal, a descriptive method and the method of discursive analysis were used. In the course of linguistic analysis, it was revealed that online media content is characterized by an increased emotions, expressiveness, aggressiveness, sarcastic tone and conflict potential. Markers of aggression are most often invective; pejoratives with semantic dominants of aggression, hostility and irony; graphic selection of words, etc. Within the framework of hating, trolling and elfing, some linguo-conflictogenic elements of discourse that can be avoided in network communication were identified and described. It is concluded that the use of non-normative language units poses a threat to network communication from the linguistic security point of view. Meanwhile, the authors propose some measures to prevent the potential for conflict in digital communication, and outline the prospect of further research in the field of linguistic security of a person on the Internet.

Средства установления когезивных связей в англоязычном теологическом тексте

The article is devoted to identifying the key means of establishing coherence relations in the English-language theological text. The topicality of the study is conditioned by the fact that the coherence of the text is one of the central objects of consideration within the framework of text linguistics. Currently, not all the mechanisms for creating coherence in scientific texts on theological subjects have been identified, which also requires certain attention of linguists. The research material includes a corpus of 560 contexts selected by the continuous selection method from monographs and other printed and electronic scientific works of a theological nature in the modern English language. The main research methods are the method of continuous selection, methods of discursive analysis, the method of distributive analysis, as well as methods of quantitative calculation. In the course of the work, the analysis of English-language discursive fragments on theological topics has been carried out in order to establish coherence relations in the text. Within the framework of the work, it has been revealed that among the key ways of creating coherence in an English-language theological text, one can name: pronominal substitution as a kind of indexical coherence, anaphoric or epiphoric repetition, hypo-hypernymic general-private relations between individual lexical units in successive sentences, belonging of thematic lexis to a single lexico-semantic (including terminological) field, the use of synonyms / antonyms, coordinate and subordinate conjunction connections. The fact is emphasized that in most cases, several ways of creating coherence can be used simultaneously in the English-language theological text, in particular, the use of subordinate conjunction connections and lexical repetitions or synonymic nominations.

Metaphorical Representation of the Migration Crisis as a Natural Phenomenon of the Water Element (Based on American Media Texts)

Introduction. This article is devoted to the consideration of American media-political discourse in the context of the migration crisis and is a fragment of a large-scale study of migration, racist, media-political and crisis discourse, as well as the discourse of enmity. The relevance of the study of migration discourse is evident, as migration processes and, in particular, the migration crisis have a significant impact on modern society and raise a number of serious, sometimes unmanageable issues for politicians. The article provides an analysis of discursive strategies typical of migration discourse, including an evaluation information strategy and discrediting tactics, as well as the role of cognitive metaphor in their implementation. Consideration of the actualization of migration discourse strategies at the linguistic-cognitive level, in the context of the theory of conceptual integration, allows us to distinguish various ways of metaphorical understanding of migration and the migration crisis, which constitutes the novelty of this study. Methodology and data sources. The study was conducted using the American periodicals. Texts were selected by a continuous sampling method. The study was conducted in the context of a critical approach to the analysis of discourse at the linguistic and linguistic-cognitive levels. The linguistic plan of the discourse was considered through the study of communicative strategies and tactics involved in media texts, using methods of discursive analysis, and semantic-stylistic/lexico-semantic analysis at certain stages. The main method of studying the linguistic-cognitive plan of discourse was cognitive-discursive analysis of the conceptual metaphor within the framework of the blending theory. Results and discussion. In the American migration discourse, a persuasive strategy has become widespread, which is often implemented through the evaluation information strategy. One of the main means of implementing the evaluation information strategy is the mechanism of cognitive metaphor. The conceptual signs identified during the analysis of the metaphor as a natural phenomenon of the water element can be explained by the natural characteristics of water as liquid and correlate with the number of migrants: the heating of water to the boiling point correlates with the critical mass of the number of migrants, the sharp breakthrough of water through the dam is compared to an excessive increase in the number of migrants. Also, the identified conceptual signs are associated with the effect of the surprise of what is happening (an unexpected influx of migrants as a bursting of the dam), a gradual and inconspicuous development of events (undermining the foundations of society and oppressing migrants as a slow destruction of soil by groundwater). Conclusion. The migration crisis is one of the key social problems of modern American society. The research conducted within the framework of blending theory provides an opportunity to identify specific ways of metaphorizing the migration crisis and to analyze various implications and background knowledge that are actualized as two scenarios of the same metaphor are implemented and displayed in the emergent structure of the blend.

СТРУКТУРА КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТИ

Objective. The article is devoted to theoretical issues of discourse study. The aim of the research is to study the structure of discourse and the organization of the communication process. Applied methods. The study analyzes the content of the discursive space of communication, taking into account the achievements of modern linguistic science: semantic theory, theory of discursive analysis, axiological linguistics, theory of speech genres. Methods of linguistic analysis are used: the method of linguistic observation and description, the method of discursive analysis, the method of theoretical modeling. Results. The conceptual categories of discourse are defined: genre, speech action (speech act) and script. The article presents a schematic image of discourse reflected in a spatial and temporal context, with expressed value-normative properties that define it as a formalized (meeting the rules, norms and values) communication that has a consistent sequence. Conclusion. The organizational content of the discourse has a consistent sequence and is determined by the genre of the communicative situation; norms of behavior, intentions of communicants; cultural, social, and individual values.

POSTANARCHISM AS A PHILOSOPHY OF RADICAL POLITICS

The article presents the postanarchist conceptualization of radical politics. The methodology of this study was a critical analysis and use of historical and philosophical methods, the method of contextualism, the method of discursive analysis. In connection with the intensification of protest movements, including those aimed at combating the omnipotence of the state, the spread of the ideology of anti-globalization is growing theoretical interest in anarchism. Anarchism today is not the only political doctrine. This is a large family of like-minded people, united by hostility to uncontrolled power, distrust of the hierarchy and optimistic belief in the ability of ordinary people to control their lives and organize social relations on the basis of freedom, equality and solidarity. In the framework of the announced “anarchist turn”, anarchism is manifested as the basis of radical policy in recent times. The theoretical foundations of modern anarchism remain poorly understood. Modern political radicalism is based on a certain philosophy, which in a new way substantiates the ideas and actions in the socio-political sphere, aimed at radical change of existing social institutions. This is a philosophy of action, struggle, protest. Postanarchism is seen as a new view of radical politics. The features of philosophical essentialism as the basis of conceptual modeling in classical anarchism are formulated. Postanarchism is presented as a philosophy that avoids essentialism, its tools are analyzed. The connection between the left movement of the 1960s and modern post-capitalist movements is analyzed. Political theory here is further developed, ceases to be abstract, filled with human meaning. Within the framework of the “anarchist turn” there is a gradual destruction of the main stereotypes or narratives about anarchism (about its theoretical insolvency, unscientificity, utopianism) formed over many years in literature and public opinion. It is proved that the theory of anarchism is constantly evolving and updated over time in order to find solutions to acute social, political and economic problems. The author sees the prospects of post-anarchism in its political philosophy, which has certain values. In the modern era, such a philosophy was supplanted by positivist political science in theory and for the triumph of moral nihilism and relativism in practice. The obtained results allow us to find out what distinguishes modern anarchism as a movement and philosophy from the left movements of the past and the features of the theoretical language of description of the modern protest movement.

Iran-Russia Defense and Security Cooperation

This article analyzes Russian-Iranian cooperation in the fields of defense and security. Methodology used refers to the theory of the school of foreign policy analysis, particularly latest generation, in framework of method of discursive analysis. The method of discursive analysis, exploring the main elements and concepts in ideology, analyzing and determining their place within a consolidated framework as one dominant discourse in a certain period of time, helps explain the formation of such concepts as ally, friend, colleague, competitor, and opponent. This article attempts to identify driving forces and obstacles to Iranian-Russian cooperation in the fields of defense and security in different periods of time. It is shown that the relations between Iran and Russia in the fields of defense and security have been undergoing important changes since 2014. Aggravation of the Syrian crisis has led to strengthening ties and also military and defense cooperation between Iran and Russia at the regional level. It is concluded that Iran and Russia consider spread of extremism in neighboring countries as main threat to their own national security and will develop cooperation in this area. According to the author, there are certain conditions for development of Iranian-Russian relations to the level of strategic allies, but to achieve this it is necessary to prevent the impact of destructive role of third players on the process of defense cooperation between Tehran and Moscow. Author suggests that existing obstacles to Russia’s military cooperation with Iran can be partially eliminated by lifting United Nations sanctions in 2020.

«ПАМЯТЬ» И «ЗАБВЕНИЕ» В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ ГЕРМАНИИ

This article explores the concepts of memory and oblivion as dominant themes in the revision and reconstruction of the past in contemporary German literature. Michel Foucault’s method of discursive analysis and Jan and Aleida Assman’s memory theory are used to analyse narrative strategies employed by contemporary German authors. Historical, sociocultural, media, and psychological discourses are viewed as contributing to the formation of protagonists’ individual memories. The trajectory along which ‘functional memory’ transmutes from ‘comforting oblivion’ to the ‘loss of identity’, as depicted in the novels Abschied von den Feinden by Reinhard Jirgl and Animal triste by Monika Maron, is analysed in the context of the cultural trauma experience. A consequence of the traumatic experience is the splitting of the self and intrusion, which is expressed through random tormenting remembrances eluding narrative description. To the fore comes silence, which fulfils a narrative-theoretical function. Contemporary German novels written after 1989 are marked by asymmetry between cultural and individual memory. This asymmetry is manifested at the level of the protagonists’ speech and communicative disorders as well as in the inviability of memories beyond local spaces. Auto-communication, mediated reflection, de(re)construction of memories, and conscious oblivion become the principal models for the formation of individual, social, and national identity.

Gerhard Richter's Creativity as a Transformation of Historical Genre in European Art of the Xx Century

The second half of the twentieth century is marked by a high rhythm of change, which is very clearly manifested in art as a reflection of real time. In the 1960s, a new genre - a photo-painting - got its life. This genre has actively declared itself in the work of Gerhard Richter. Synthesizing paintings and photographs symbolizes the beginning of the artist's creative path. Richter's work is multidimensional and specific. This led to an increase in interest in him from the art historians and cultural experts of our time. The purpose of this article is an art history and cultural analysis of Gerhard Richter's paintings as a reflection of the transformation of twentieth-century art. The article uses the methods of discursive analysis, immersion method.

Gerhard Richter's Creativity as a Transformation of Historical Genre in European Art of the Xx Century

The second half of the twentieth century is marked by a high rhythm of change, which is very clearly manifested in art as a reflection of real time. In the 1960s, a new genre - a photo-painting - got its life. This genre has actively declared itself in the work of Gerhard Richter. Synthesizing paintings and photographs symbolizes the beginning of the artist's creative path. Richter's work is multidimensional and specific. This led to an increase in interest in him from the art historians and cultural experts of our time. The purpose of this article is an art history and cultural analysis of Gerhard Richter's paintings as a reflection of the transformation of twentieth-century art. The article uses the methods of discursive analysis, immersion method.

DISCOURSE DIRECTION OF RESEARCH OF ARTISTIC TEXT IN MODERN LANGUAGE UKRAINIAN STUDIES

Background. One of the main issues of linguistics of the XX – early XXI century is a comprehensive study of the concept of discourse, which reflects a variety of real manifestations of human language communication in certain social spheres of its communicative space. The actualization of this concept in various scientific fields, the representatives of which study the essence and mechanisms of interaction of constants of such linguistic and philosophical dichotomies as “language and society”, “language and man”, has led to the need for its clear definition and typology of discourses etc. Despite the fact that linguists use a number of methods of discursive analysis of linguistic units, there is currently no single approach to their study within the theory of discourse.The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the features of the literary text in terms of modern discourse. The main objectives of the article: to determine the typological and categorical features of artistic discourse, to establish and describe the most important aspects of the study of artistic texts of different genres within discourse.Methods. The paper uses general scientific methods of observation, analysis, synthesis, comparison; linguistic methods, including the descriptive method – to interpret the discursive status of the literary text; the method of integrative analysis, which is the basis of a comprehensive study of a set of different aspects used in the study of the literary text as the embodiment of individualauthorial communicative intentions; the contextual-interpretive method – to identify probable reading strategies of reception of the literary text and its components.Results. The concept of discourse in the broadest sense is associated with all manifestations of communication. Discourse is a consequence of modeling knowledge structures that provide strategic planning, flow and control of communication, the operation of mechanisms of communicative competence, regulation of interactivity processes and more. An important communicative-semantic segment of the holistic nature of the analyzed concept is its interaction with various factors that reflect the essence of communication, in particular with the concept of the text. The linguistic tradition still has a great influence on the development of theoretical principles of categorization and typology of the concept of discourse, because until recently the discourse was often identified with the text as a complex linguistic sign that arises as a result of the process of language formation. Currently, researchers outline the structural and semantic parameters of the text with a number of features that also appear relevant and objective for the discourse: completeness; coherence; integrity; lexical, grammatical, logical, stylistic, semantic coherence; compositional completeness; communicative and pragmatic orientation, etc. Differentiation of discourses is one of the most important issues of modern discourse, which is currently a problem that researchers, based on a wide range of different socio-linguistic manifestations of communication, solve differently. To establish a typology of discourses, as well as texts, it is necessary to develop common criteria for their classification and determine the main categories of text and discourse. Artistic discourse, in contrast to other discourses, involves indirect communication of the author (sender) with numerous readers (addressees). When creating a text, the writer predicts the expected reaction to its content from readers, instead of “translating” the literary text into the discourse, the recipients carry out in their own way, based on their own knowledge, experience, feelings and emotions. The interaction of the addressee author with numerous addressees is devoid of real communicative factors, in particular temporal and local fixation. Despite the lack of direct contact, the writer's communicative influence on readers is obviously effective: if the artist has a deep knowledge of the language, individualizes and emphasizes linguistic means, it evokes a certain attitude to his literary texts and their evaluation by readers.Discussion. At the present stage of development of texts of any styles and genres requires discursive analysis, because in the language of fiction recorded authorial intentions that should “decipher” speakers in the process of dynamic cognition of semantic and semantic depths of a text, involving their own practical experience and knowledge during its decoding. We see prospects for further research of this topical problem in the study of features of artistic discourses of classic writers and famous contemporary artists, whose language creation is organically connected with the development of the Ukrainian literary word as an important component of the linguistic and cultural universe.

George Y. Shevelov’s text corpus: structure, functions, navigation

Background. In modem linguistics, the questions of the linguistic portrait of the person, the establishment of its structural and functional components are actualized. The study of eminent linguistic persons is very important, and George Y. Shevelov is one of them - as an eminent linguist, historian of literature, and critic. The scientific task to establish the linguistic corpus structure of George Y. Shevelov’s discursive practices is highly motivated.Purpose. The purpose of die article is to establish and implement an experimental and research model of text corpus of George Shevelov’s linguistic person with the determination of the main corpus components, patterns of free linguistic text navigation.Methods. The method of discursive analysis, body content analysis are used.Results. Text corpus contains all the Ukrainian-language published texts by George Y. Shevelov, it was created on the free NoSketch Engine corpus manager and is available on the server of the Department of General and Applied Linguistics and Slavic Philology in Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University at corpora.donnu.edu.ua. The quantitative parameters of the created corpus are as follows: 104 documents contain 1 346 424 tokens, and 1 037 949 are words in 66 039 sentences. The total lexicon includes 138 187 different word forms and punctuation marks, 157 original tags, and 32 172 lemmas. Conclusions and Prospects. The created corpus of George Y. Shevelov is research type, full-text and dynamic, has extralinguistic and linguistic markings. Among the important features: a) building a concordance based on simple search, search in lemmas, search for a phrase, wordfonn, symbol or a certain pattern created using die regular expression; b) frequency analysis for word forms, lemmas, and tags. The prospect of the research is the creation of a comprehensive George Y. Shevelov' s Texts Corpus, which will cover documents in Ukrainian and English and will be a reliable basis for studying the features of the outstanding scientist’s speech.Article received 26.07.2019

Современные источники националистического самосознания в молодежной среде: анализ имплицитных установок опроса «гармонизация межнациональных отношений и профилактика экстремистских проявлений в образовательной сфере и молодежной среде»

In today’s rapidly changing world, there is increased mobility of individuals and groups, which leads to an increase in density and an increase in the number of inter-ethnic interactions. The problem of reducing the conflict potential of these interactions comes to the fore. Through the use of the categories “Alien,” Other, “the article illustrates the current situation of inter-ethnic relations, allowing to understand the modern challenges related to them. The article considers and analyses a public opinion poll, and considers a questionnaire aimed at reconstructing a certain deterministic picture of the world. The survey was conducted in secondary and higher educational institutions of St. Petersburg and Leningrad Region within the framework of the program of research and advanced training of teachers “Harmonization of inter-ethnic relations and prevention of extremist manifestations in the educational sphere and youth.” With the help of methods of discursive analysis, linguistic expertise, sociological and philosophical critical thinking, possible options of interpretation of both questions and answers of respondents, which follow logic and policy of survey, incorporating the proposed vision and patterns of behavior, are considered. The questionnaire implicitly reconstructs the picture of the world, limited by the concept of “nationalism.” It is shown that tolerance is possible as a consequence of understanding the subjectivity and differences of the migrant and the Other, Alien.

To the question of studying the American mass media discourse on immigration

This article is dedicated to the analysis of discourse of the modern American mass media communication space dedicated to the subject field of immigration. The work describes the existing attitudes of mass media and population to the problem of immigration and immigrants, characterized by contradiction and polarization, as well as demonstrates various processes of stereotypization of perceptions on the migration discourse. The subject of this research is the current American mass media discourse on the topic of immigration. The main goal lies in determination of attitudes developed by the American mass media and society on the immigrants, which concepts are used for their description, and how it affects the social perception of such complex phenomenon as immigration. The article is structures on the basis of text interpretation of factual material, with application of two methods of discursive analysis: analysis of lexical means for determining explicit representations; and analysis of grammar structures for determining implicit meanings. The research displays that mass media accommodate different points of view, and at the present moment, the public space of American mass media indicates different types of discourse revealing polar understanding of immigration, The President of the country is one of those, who vividly expresses negative attitude to the problem of immigration and immigrants. On the other hand, the neoliberal discourse seems more neutral and even compassionate. Therefore, the trend of describing immigrants in negative connotations is reducing. Despite the attempts of country’s leadership to create a negative image of an immigrant, the analysis of contradictory attitude to them proves that the role of mass media in formation of public opinion is not as significant.

ETHNOLINGUISTIC IDENTIFICATION OF THE SURZHYK SPEAKERS

The current research is aimed at the ethnolinguistic identification of the surzhyk speakers living in the Sumy region. Hence the object of research is identification as itself, and the subject is ethnolinguistic identification of the surzhyk speakers.The papers tries to clarify the essence of the notions «identity», «identification», «self-identification» and to determine their relationship.The method of linguistic biographies was the main method of collecting the sociolingual information. The method of discursive analysis is used to analyze the data received. The ethnolinguistic identification is determined with the whole set of utterances collected from the texts of the linguistic biographies the surzhyk speakers have. Further still the modelling method is used to construct identification models, i. e. mental structures reconstituting the constructing of ethnolinguistic identification. In the texts of memoirs, the identification is taking place on the basis of implementing the categories of the sameness, differentiation, recognition of one’s own falling into the group.The article detected separate identification models representing three kind of additional ethnolinguistic identity (khokhols, surzhyks, perevertens) having some characteristic of the binary (the respondents see that their speech is a mixture of two languages, i. e. of Ukrainian and Russian) and diffusional (the respondents selected their identity but the result of that selection is diffusive) identities and superimposed on the principal identity, i. e. Ukrainians. The identity construction is exercised with the categorization of the identity notions khokhol, surzhyk, pereverten having the Ukrainian-Russian mixed speech diffusing and deforming the Ukrainian identity as their unifying markers. The names of the languages, evaluative ones also in particular, which are constituents of the auto- and heterostereotypes, emotional-evaluative epithets, and the words ya (my), vin (vony), svoie – chuzhe, nashi – yikhne became the speech means to construct the ethnolinguistic identity in the texts of linguistic biographies.The results obtained are preliminary and do not enable wide generalizations, they only highlight certain trends requiring further corroborations.