Methods Research Approach Research Articles

Examining Chinese Multinational Corporations as Agents of Development and/or Underdevelopment in South Africa

The investment of the Chinese government has been one of the biggest across the globe and Multinational Corporations (MNCs) have been at the center of this investment. Some scholars have referred to this as a Neo-colonial strategy by China on the African continent as most of these investments are only fostering their interests while degrading African states. In addition, these MNCs have acted as important agents in economic, social, and infrastructural development/ underdevelopment in the state. Thus, the paper sought to examine Chinese MNCs as agents of development and underdevelopment in South Africa. From this premise, the paper adopted a qualitative research method and case study approach of five MNCs from China operating in South Africa to critically examine their role as agents of development and underdevelopment in South Africa. The findings of the paper show succinctly that MNCs within the mining, technology, and industrial sectors of China have critically contributed to the development and underdevelopment of the country. Hence, it recommends that these companies must adopt strategies that contribute positively to the country’s long-term growth while minimizing negative impacts. They further need to implement and adhere to rigorous environmental standards to minimize their ecological footprint to ensure sustainable development in South Africa. The paper concluded by noting that there are challenges and opportunities created by MNCs which include job creation, contamination of water, destruction of wildlife, forceful displacement of settlements, and infrastructural development. Keywords: Chinese MNCs, Agents of Development and/or Underdevelopment, South Africa’s Development, and Chinese Investments.

Analysis of The Legal Arguments in The Fatwa of The National Sharia Council of The Indonesian Ulema Council Number 22 Of 2002 Concerning Parallel Istishna

This research aims to analyze the relevance and accuracy of the legal arguments in the National Sharia Council Fatwa No. 22/2002 on Parallel Istishna. With a qualitative research method and normative legal approach, the analysis in this study adapts the method used by Haisy (2019). The results show that the arguments of parallel istishna, which consist of hadith, fiqh rules, and aqliyah rules, are relevant to the content of the fatwa, especially in the fiqh rules section. However, to improve the accuracy and applicability of the evidence, it can be supplemented with other sharing evidence that is closer to the study of parallel istishna, including Surah Al-Kahf Verse 94, hadith related to the making of rings and pulpits, ijma' amaly, and istihsan. This research contributes to the study of parallel istishna, namely in terms of helping to identify and summarise the shar'i arguments as the legal basis for parallel istishna.

Implementation of Public Service Policy in Agile Government Study at Public Service Mall of Parepare City

The aim of this research is Implementation of Public Service Policy in Agile Government Study at Public Service Mall of Parepare City). The method used in this research is a qualitative research method approach. The focus of research on the Implementation of Public Service Policy in the Agile Government perspective at the Public Service Mall in Parepare City will be focused on two main aspects, namely the implementation process and its impact on service effectiveness. The results of this research show that the Implementation of Public Service Policy from an Agile Government perspective in the Parepare City Public Service Mall towards regulatory changes, community needs, and ever-changing market demands. The Public Service Mall in Parepare City has shown improvements in various aspects of public services, although there are some areas that still need further improvement.

Greenwashing and the purchase behavior toward electric motorbikes: The role of eco-literacy

ABSTRACT Nowadays, due to the increasing green trends, numerous businesses in the automobile industry adopt greenwashing as a primary strategy to appear environmentally conscious, despite their production processes like manufacturing lithium-ion batteries, which are causing significant environmental pollution. By combining three theories as signaling, legitimacy, and psychological contract, the study focuses on solving the previous research gaps when examining the influence of greenwashing (GW), green brand image (GBI), green skepticism (GS), green confusion (GC), perceived betrayal (PB), eco-literacy (EL) on the purchase intention (PI) towards electric motorbikes among Vietnamese consumers. The study employed a convenient random sampling method with a sample size of 535 consumers in Vietnam. A quantitative research method and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach were used to analyze the data using SmartPLS software. The findings reveal that GW significantly influences the PI, and GBI, GS, GC, and PB partial mediate the correlation. Additionally, the study discovered the significant moderating role of GW in the correlation between GW to PI, GW to GS, and GW to PB. Based on the findings, the managers can apply marketing strategies to encourage consumers’ purchase intention and avoid greenwashing activities. Then, the theoretical implications and directions for future research have been proposed.

Analisis Kalimat Efektif Pada Teks Opini Dalam Laman “Harian Jogja” Edisi Agustus 2023 Sebagai Bacaan Edukasi

Syntax is a branch of linguistics that studies phrases, clauses and sentences. This article focuses more on analyzing sentences in a text, where the sentence itself is a language unit that is relatively independent, has final intonation, and actually or potentially consists of clauses. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of sentences in opinion texts on the August 2023 edition of “Harian Jogja” as educational reading in terms of sentence structure and word choice. The type of research method used is descriptive qualitative research method and syntactic approach. The research data are the results of identifying ineffective sentences used in opinion texts on the “Harian Jogja” August 2023 Edition as Educational Reading. The data collection technique used is the syntactic approach in the form of listening and note-taking techniques. The informal method is used as a data presentation technique in this research. The data presentation is written in the form of a table containing some ineffective sentences and their improvements. From the analysis, 121 sentences were found consisting of 58 effective sentences and 63 ineffective sentences. In the opinion text titled “Peubahan Iklim dan Peran Masyarakat Memilah Sampah” there are 17 effective sentences and 22 ineffective sentences. In the opinion text titled “Mencermati Arsitektur RAPBN 2024,” there are 19 effective sentences and 18 ineffective sentences. In the opinion text titled “Peluang dan Tantangan Pertukaran Karbon,” there are 22 effective sentences and 23 ineffective sentences. This research produces several ineffective sentences which are classified into 3 namely waste in the use of words, inaccuracy in the use of words, and the last is the incompatibility of the information provided. In this analysis, the researcher uses one of the opinion texts as an example or sample, namely the opinion text entitled “Perubahan Iklim dan Peran Masyarakat dalam Memilah Sampah”. From the analysis of the opinion text which is composed of 39 sentences, there are 22 ineffective sentences. This study is useful as a guideline for writing effective sentences, besides that writers can pay more attention to writing in an opinion text that is by the rules of language.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terhadap Kemampuan Menganalisis Unsur Teks Cerita Pendek pada Siswa Kelas XI MIPA SMA YPK Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024

This study aims to determine the influence of the inquiry learning model on the ability to analyze short story texts by students of grade XI MIPA SMA YPK Medan for the 2023-2024 Academic Year. This study uses a quantitative research method approach. From the results of the research, the author's ability to analyze short story texts before using the inquiry learning model obtained an average score of 66.42 with the highest score of 82 and the lowest score of 50. Meanwhile, the ability to analyze short story texts after using the inquiry learning model obtained an average score of 78.34 with the highest score of 93 and the lowest score of 68. then the tcount value is compared with the ttable with a significant level of a=0.05 (5%) at the degree of magnitude N-1 (35-1=34) and the result is a ttable of 1.7.Thus, the tcount value is greater than the ttable value (29.07), which means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. This study was declared accepted, which means that there is a significant influence on the use of the inquiry learning model by grade XI students of Mipa High School YPK Medan in the 2023/2024 academic year.

Efektivitas Wira Wiri Suroboyo Sebagai Moda Transportasi Publik di Kota Surabaya

Surabaya is a continuously growing economic center, with significant mobility of residents and visitors, necessitating the development of public transportation to enhance mobility in East Java. The transportation needs of an area are generally served by public transport. Recently, the traffic data analysis company from Washington, United States, Inrix, released a study titled the Global Traffic Scorecard 2022, which ranked Surabaya as the most congested city in Indonesia. Wira Wiri Suroboyo was introduced as a public transportation system in Surabaya. The role of Wira Wiri Suroboyo as a feeder transport in Surabaya is expected to be a solution to public transportation issues and a key to expanding public transportation coverage in Surabaya. However, the implementation of Wira Wiri Suroboyo has encountered several issues, including scheduling, infrastructure, and many more. This study aims to determine and analyze the effectiveness of Wira Wiri Suroboyo as a mode of public transportation in Surabaya using Duncan's theory with a qualitative research method and descriptive approach. The research results focus on three dimensions: (1) goal achievement: the results indicate that the sub-dimensions of time frame and specific targets have been effectively achieved, but the sub-dimension of legal sources has not been effective yet, (2) integration: it has been effectively implemented with achievements in both sub-dimensions, namely procedures and socialization, (3) adaptation: the sub-dimension of capacity improvement has been effectively implemented, while the sub-dimension of infrastructure has not been effectively implemented overall. From these results, it can be concluded that Wira Wiri Suroboyo as a mode of public transportation in Surabaya is not yet considered effective overall.

DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION STRATEGY ON THE USE OF INSTAGRAM SOCIAL MEDIA BY BASO ACI GANTENG

The use of Instagram social media in implementing product promotion and sales strategies can provide significant convenience for business people. Baso Aci Ganteng uses the Instagram social media account @basoaciganteng as the main promotional media in marketing their products. The purpose of this study is to understand why Baso Aci Ganteng chose Instagram as a digital marketing communication strategy and to determine the advantages gained when using Instagram as a medium for digital marketing communication strategies. This study uses a qualitative research method approach with a case study approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The research obtains data sources directly from business people, where the key informants are the business owners themselves and other main business actors as primary data sources. Based on the results of the research, the researcher concludes that Baso Aci Ganteng practices digital marketing communication strategies online through Instagram, which connects to a wider reach of consumers and thus increases sales.

Pengaruh Self Congruity, Perceived Price, Brand Trust, dan Customer Engagement terhadap Willingness to Continue and Subscribe pada Disney Plus Hotstar

The advancement of online streaming media and the growing interest of the Indonesian population in Video on Demand (VoD) applications have paralleled the development of the internet in Indonesia. The presence of various video streaming platforms with local, regional, and global reach operating in Indonesia has generated significant dynamics in the digital entertainment industry. This phenomenon has rapidly transformed the landscape, fostering the adoption of technology and altering consumer behavior patterns in accessing entertainment content. This research is aimed at uncovering the relationship between self-congruity and perceived price through various variables such as customer engagement and brand trust, which have implications on willingness to continue and subscribe. The study employs a quantitative research method or survey approach. Sample selection is conducted through non-probability sampling using purposive sampling techniques, with a total sample of 146 respondents who are customers of Disney+ Hotstar Indonesia. Data analysis is performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach. The findings of the research reveal positive and significant influences, namely, self-congruity on brand trust, self-congruity on customer engagement, perceived price on customer engagement, brand trust on willingness to continue and subscribe, and customer engagement on willingness to continue and subscribe.

UPAYA GURU DALAM MENANAMKAN NILAI KEAGAMAAN PADA ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI SLB MA’ARIF NU LAMONGAN

Initially the term special needs emerged from special education given to students who experienced physical or psychological disabilities. There are 4 basic principles of children's rights contained in the Convention on the Rights of the Child which was approved by the United Nations General Assembly on 20 November 1989 and ratified by Indonesia in 1990, namely Non-Discrimination, the Right to live, the Right to develop and the Right to to have an opinion. Learning for children with special needs requires an individualistic approach. Based on the problems above, this research has 3 research focuses: 1) What are the religiousvalues instilled in children with special needs at SLB Ma'arif NU Lamongan? 2) How do Class Teachers Efforts to Instill Religious Values in Children with Special Needs at SLB Ma'arif NU Lamongan? 3) What are the Supporting and Inhibiting Factors in theImplementation of Instilling Religious Values in Children with Special Needs at SLB Ma'arif NU Lamongan? In this research, researchers took a qualitative research method approach. In this research, the researcher took a qualitative descriptive type of research. Data collection was carried out using interviews, observation and documentation.

Applying a Participatory Action Research Approach to Engage an Australian Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Community around Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Lessons Learned.

Globally, migrant and culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities are known to have inequitable access to HPV vaccination. One participatory research approach used to engage CALD communities around vaccination is participatory action research (PAR), but we know little about the use of PAR to engage priority migrant and CALD communities around school and HPV vaccination. To address this gap, we partnered with our local Multicultural Health Service to understand how the largest CALD group in our region of New South Wales, Australia, engages with their local school and HPV vaccination program. Through a long-standing PAR relationship, we used a participatory research method (World Café) approach to explore the level of awareness and engagement a multi-generational community member had concerning HPV vaccination. We acted by sharing a co-designed information website to answer the community's questions about HPV vaccination. We then evaluated these engagements with surveys, focus groups and online analytic platforms. Last, we reflected with project partners and health service stakeholders on the overall project outcomes and shared our learnings. In our discussion, we shared our lessons learned and contributed to a wider conversation about the benefits, challenges, and practicalities of using PAR to engage a priority CALD community around HPV vaccination.

PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENINGKATKAN SIKAP KEMANDIRIAN PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI KEGIATAN OUTDOOR LEARNING DI SMP ISLAM CENDEKIA HARAPAN TUNGGORONO JOMBANG

Education is a basic need that humans need. Education is an effort in the form of teaching, training and guidance to prepare students for the future. Islamic religious education is a subject developed from the basic teachings of the Islamic religion. Based on the problems above, this research has 3 objectives related to the research focus of the Application of Islamic Religious Education Values ​​in Improving Students' Independent Attitudes Through Outdoor Learning Activities at the SMP Islamic Cendekia Harapan Tunggorono Jombang. The aim of the research is to describe the application of PAI values ​​in increasing students' independent attitudes, describe the application of PAI values ​​in increasing students' independent attitudes through outdoor learning activities, supporting and inhibiting factors. In this research, researchers took a qualitative research method approach. In this research the researcher took the type of field research and descriptive research. Data collection was carried out using interviews, observation and documentation. In general, according to the opinion of the resource person above, the inhibiting factors are facilities, the condition of students, and a community environment that is less supportive. Broadly speaking, the supporting factors are the support of students and foundations.

The Drivers of Omnichannel Shopping Intention: Assessing the Role of Gender as a Moderator in Apparel Industry

The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of the drivers of omnichannel retailing on omnichannel shopping intention and the role of gender as a moderator in the retailing apparel industry. The findings highlight the significance of customer perception of research shopping (including showrooming and webrooming) behaviors, compatibility, and risk to their intention towards omnichannel shopping, implying a profound understanding of designing an effective omnichannel retailing strategy. This study adopted the quantitative research method approach. The data were collected through a survey method using a close-ended questionnaire. The sample for this study were the individuals who have done shopping in three months period – from the last three months till the time of data collection, physically or virtually. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and Smart PLS. Regression techniques and correlation factor analysis and reliability test were the top priority in data analysis. The study expands the understanding of omnichannel shopping intention and its drivers while assessing gender as a moderator.

The Role of Social Relations in the Development of the Land Bhakti Youth Organization: An Analysis of Interaction and Familiarity of Members

This research aims to observe and explore how the relationship that occurs between members of Karang Taruna Bhakti Petanahan in Petanahan Village, Petanahan Sub-district, Kebumen Regency. Research using descriptive qualitative research method approach. Data collection technique is observation, interviews, documentation, and literature studies. Data validity used source triangulation technique. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman analysis model, is data collection, data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results of the study show several findings that the interactions that occur between members of Karang Taruna Bhakti Petanahan cannot be separated from the long-standing close relationship. From this familiarity then gave rise to a very long and continuous relationship in maintaining the integrity of program planning within Karang Taruna Bhakti Petanahan.

Perancangan Modifikasi Alat Antropometri sebagai Solusi Ketepatan Pengukuran Berbasis Sensor Ultrasonik

This research aims to create a modification of a baby anthropometric measuring tool including sensor-based measurements of the baby's length and weight as well as a head circumference measuring tool contained in one tool. 4 students from the Nursing Science and Electrical Engineering study programs participated in the development of this anthropometric tool with a sample of toddlers at the Integrated Service Post as a trial of the tool. This research uses a Research and Development (R&D) method approach. The tool used uses an electronic circuit based on an ultrasonic sensor and an Arduino nano microcontroller. This tool works automatically by connecting it to a power source then pressing the start button located outside the box marked by the monitor screen saying MODAS Baby as a sign that the test will start. When the sample is in the MODAS Baby box according to the procedure, this tool will automatically calculate the baby's length and weight. While waiting for the results to come out, you can measure the head circumference which is right under the baby's head. The results of the baby's body length and weight measurements are displayed on the LCD located on the surface of the box

Persepsi Pengrajin dalam Pengelolaan Limbah Cair Batik Kabupaten Bojonegoro

Batik waste is waste produced from batik producing activities which can have a negative impact. In general, the process of making batik will channel wastewater into the surrounding air which causes various pollution, including color changes, increased pH, COD, BOD, TSS, odors, changes in the taste of the air, soil and ground air pollution, and the influence of chemicals on the bodies of plants, animals and humans. Craft perceptions relate to batik waste management, including knowledge, awareness and economic limitations. The research method approach applied is to use a quantitative descriptive approach. The research location is in the center of the small and medium batik industry (IKM) in Bojonegoro Regency. There are 10 batik SMEs as a complete sample of the population. The method used to measure craftsmen's perceptions is the Likert Scale. As many as 100% of the community felt the benefits in the form of a source of income, opening up employment opportunities, preserving local culture and so on. The level of public perception regarding the benefits of batik wastewater management was obtained: 80% agreed that wastewater management could reduce surface air, soil, groundwater and air pollution, 70% could expand the product market, and 100% strongly agreed that it could reduce the cost of purchasing candles. The community agrees that managing IPAL requires expensive investment and maintenance costs, as well as skilled human resources. Changes in air color, odor and causing cancer, decreased DO, air surface quality, ground water and soil are also threats if batik wastewater is not managed. The community quite agrees that there will be a decrease in soil fertility, and the killing of air and soil organisms can occur if wastewater pollution occurs. The level of public perception reaches 100%, the need to carry out socialization and training for IPAL operators and inadequate human resources are challenges in managing batik waste. Another aspect to consider is inadequate economic conditions and low awareness of craftsmen.

Analisis Program Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (BLUD) Sekolah Menegah Kejuruan (SMK) Dalam Mewujudkan Layanan Pemerintah Daerah Yang Good Corporate Governance (GCG)

The Regional Government, in supporting education reform for better quality and optimality within its units of authority, established the Regional Public Service Agency Program (BLUD) which can be understood as a system implemented by a technical implementation unit of regional agencies/agencies in providing services to the community, and has flexibility in financial management as an exception to regional financial management provisions in general. In line with the Directorate of Vocational High School Development (SMK) in seeking SMK as a school with BLUD status, this can support the management of goods and services whose superior products can manage the production process in the Teaching Factory Program (TEFA) more flexibly without violating regulations (Fazli, 2022). Implementing the Teaching Factory (TEFA) in the form of goods and services for vocational school students is expected to align with the objectives of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Regional Government Services, namely good management to support the BLUD Vocational School Program in schools. In conducting this research the author used a descriptive qualitative research method approach.

A Grounded Theory Approach to Understanding Jombang Government Strategy in Facing the Era of Digitalization

In 1967, Glaser and Strauss created a book entitled "The Discovery of Grounded Theory; Strategies for Qualitative Research'', which was published and became a breakthrough in qualitative research. The work offers systematic consensus methodologies and strategies for a wide range of qualitative research practices. When talking about public administration, grounded theory is rarely used in literature studies, especially in Indonesia. In public administration, grounded theory methodology can be directed toward understanding how the government develops strategic processes for policy, both at the organizational and individual levels. This article discusses the grounded theory research method approach, which is aimed at understanding how the Jombang Regency Regional Government develops strategic processes in facing the era of digitalization. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 high-ranking regional government officials. This is intended to understand in depth their understanding and experience in managing changing situations. The research results show that there are five core categories: (1) human resource development; (2) technological innovation; (3) improving the management system; (4) security; and (5) mindset. By using selective and axial coding, it was found that there were two main functions of strategy that emerged, namely (1) system maintenance; and (2) adaptation to global change. Keywords: Grounded Theory, Public Administration, Public Policy, Strategy

Pengembangan Aplikasi Peta Interaktif UNJ untuk Mahasiswa dan Pengunjung

The development of information and communication technology has encouraged changes in maps from two-dimensional forms to interactive maps which are more efficient in conveying information. This research discusses the analysis and development of an interactive map of Jakarta State University (UNJ) using the Canva application. With four campus locations spread across Jakarta, Jakarta State University (UNJ) faces difficulties in providing location information for users. Even though they have a web-based information system, none yet displays spatial information on campus buildings. It is hoped that the development of a web-based interactive map will solve existing challenges. Through a Research and Development (R&D) research method approach, with a 4D model. Creating interactive maps using Canva involves design, template selection, adding text, and integration with website links and Google Maps. The research results show the relevance of making UNJ interactive maps in providing more complete and easily accessible information. This development is expected to increase access to information about campuses and the quality of providing geographic information in the digital era.

Integrating Social Rehabilitation into the Education System for Adolescent Drug Addicts: Legal Framework, Potential, and Challenges

Despite importance of education in overcoming drug addiction, the connection between the education system and the juvenile justice system remains unclear. Juvenile drug addicts often experience socially-disadvantaged situation, thereby social rehabilitation is an important aspect of recovery aside from medical rehabilitation. This research was performed to identify the challenges in social reintegration among juvenile drug addicts, describe the legal interplay between the relevant framework, and propose a model of legal development for the integration of social rehabilitation for juvenile drug addicts into the education system. Using normative legal research method and statutory approach, this research revealed numerous potentials and challenges in integrating social rehabilitation into the education system. A model consisting of normative reforms and practical framework of works is proposed to be applied by educational institutions and relevant government agencies. This research offers a vital step toward creating inclusive educational environments that prevent relapse and foster societal integration.