Software Development Methodologies Research Articles

Aplikasi Pembelajaran Tajwid dan Nagham Al-Qur’an Berbasis Web

Mastery of Tajweed and Nagham Al-Quran is crucial for accurate and melodious Quranic recitation. However, access to qualified teachers or reputable learning institutions is not always readily available to everyone. To address this challenge, this research aims to develop a web-based application that facilitates independent and interactive learning of Tajweed and Nagham Al-Quran. The study employs a structured software development methodology following the Waterfall model. Data collection involved literature reviews and interviews with subject matter experts on Tajweed rules, which served as the foundational basis for developing the application’s content. Key features of the application include modules for learning Tajweed and Nagham, Quranic reading exercises, a Tajweed glossary explaining key terminologies, and audio-visual resources to demonstrate clear examples of recitation.Testing results confirm that the application effectively aids users in comprehending and applying Tajweed and Nagham principles. Functional testing verified that all features operate as intended, highlighting the application’s reliability as a self-directed learning tool. This research concludes that the web-based Tajweed and Nagham Al-Quran learning application provides users with a more accessible and flexible platform to enhance their Quranic recitation skills. Future development is recommended to include a mobile version of the application to improve accessibility. Additional interactive features, such as discussion forums for experience sharing and advanced automated recitation evaluation tools, are also proposed to enhance the learning experience. The application leverages web-based technology and adheres to the Waterfall model to ensure a systematic development process. Its web-based nature enables compatibility across a variety of internet-connected devices, significantly broadening user reach. In summary, this research demonstrates that a Tajweed and Nagham Al-Quran learning application bridges the gap in access to quality education, offering an innovative and effective solution for individuals seeking to deepen their Quranic knowledge and recitation skills.

Herbal Cigarette Sales Information System Case Study at Stockis Sin Sriwijaya

There is still space for improvement in the application and usage of technology and information in the sales business, as indicated by the significant percentage of clients who continue to make manual purchases. An example would be the present Sriwijaya Herbal Sin Cigarettes retailer. The Sin Cigarette Herbal Sriwijaya stockist shop employs a traditional sales system where consumers physically visit the shop to make purchases. This research aims to enhance consumer convenience by developing a sales information system for herbal cigarettes, enabling online access to sales. This study employs a descriptive research methodology and a waterfall system development approach. This approach involves sequential steps, including needs analysis, design, code production, testing, and support. Data collection from the users was followed by the design and development stage of the program, employing the PHP programming language for implementation. Subsequently, an evaluation was conducted on the functioning system. The outcome is a sales information system that is anticipated to possess the capability to process data into high-quality information efficiently, seamlessly integrate various components, and serve as a repository for data storage. With the existence of this sales information system for herbal cigarettes, the processing of sales data has been computerized automatically, enabling automated report generation. This study introduces an internet-based sales information system for the Sriwijaya Herbal Cigarette Stockist Shop. It replaces traditional sales procedures, expands market reach, streamlines report generation, provides comprehensive buyer information, and maximizes profitability. The innovation employs the waterfall system development methodology and the PHP programming language to enhance retail operations' effectiveness and efficiency. An inherent constraint of this study is the need for the online-based sales information system to address all challenges the Sriwijaya Herbal Cigarette Stockist Shop faces, including technological infrastructure and user proficiency issues. Reliable internet connectivity is crucial for the system's effectiveness, which may require improvements in certain regions. Additionally, employees and customers may require additional training to use the new systems proficiently, which should be considered in terms of time and resources for this research.

An Online Knowledge-Based Support System

Technology advances have touched all the fields of human life, and the educational system is not an exception. Students in Nigerian universities experience challenges in their early or later stages of school due to a lack of a knowledge-based support system. This results in massive failure and confusion in later days in school. A knowledge-based online support system has been developed and implemented in this paper to improve academic support services for students and faculty members in the university. The need for such a support system stems from the various academic problems that the students often experience, including a lack of answers to certain questions, which can result in academic failure, taking too long to graduate, or dropping out of the university altogether. The system is web-based; therefore, users can access the necessary information when needed, and, in most cases, it solves common academic issues in a short time using the web. Following the Agile software development methodology and employing a client-server architecture, the system was designed in a user-friendly and efficient manner. Highlights of the system include an extensive database of FAQs, real-time interactive services, and multi-typed query handling. Testing phases were performed and integrated, and modular testing showed that the system worked as intended, providing valid inputs and also flagging any invalid inputs without causing the system failures, and performing provisions for user corrections. The results suggest that the online support system could enhance the academic environment at AE-FUNAI and therefore would benefit students and staff members alike. Nevertheless, certain limitations still prevail, such as poor internet access, which calls for constant enhancement and provision of support to the system.

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS OF AGILE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT IN WATERFALL PROJECT: A CASE STUDY APPROACH

The evolution of software development methodologies has seen Agile rise in response to the limitations of traditional approaches like Waterfall, characterized by its iterative, collaborative, and adaptable nature. However, integrating Agile within the rigid, structured frameworks of organizations accustomed to Waterfall presents significant challenges. This study addresses how to effectively combine these methodologies to mitigate conflicts and achieve successful project outcomes by identifying and analyzing the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) that enable a harmonious integration of Agile into Waterfall environments. Conducted at PT ABC, a firm balancing formal client interactions and contract creation with internal adoption of Scrum, this research uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to systematically prioritize CSFs through literature review, questionnaire development, data collection, and pairwise comparison analysis. The findings reveal that "Communication and Team Environment" is the most influential factor, with a priority vector weight of 0.178, followed by "Project Management and Strategy," "Leadership and Management Support," and "User and Customer Engagement." These factors are pivotal in achieving a balance between control and flexibility in software development projects. The study's implications for PT ABC and other organizations, especially those handling multiple projects and requiring on-site presence while managing other projects, demonstrate how to leverage the strengths of both methodologies for optimal project outcomes. This research provides a model for other organizations striving for similar integrative efforts, showcasing practical strategies to enhance project flexibility and coordination.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN E-COMMERCE PLATFORM USING EXTREME PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY

<span lang="EN-US">The pervasiveness of information technology has reshaped human lifestyles, including shopping practices. Andalas Store, a prominent bookstore, has experienced a decrease in customer visits. Consequently, this research endeavours to establish an e-commerce platform for Toko Andalas utilizing Extreme Programming (XP) and the MERN Stack to broaden customer reach and expand market presence. The e-commerce platform is constructed leveraging the XP software development methodology and undergoes rigorous testing encompassing unit testing, black box testing, Lighthouse, and the System Usability Scale. The research outcomes validate the successful development and testing of the Toko Andalas e-commerce platform, highlighting its website performance in responsiveness, accessibility, adherence to best practices, and SEO optimization. The platform also encompasses comprehensive functionalities, including product search, shopping cart, and online payment. </span>

Test Case Automation: Transforming Software Testing in the Digital Era

Purpose: This research aims to explore the limitations of manual software testing, the effectiveness of test case automation in addressing these challenges, and the strategies for successful implementation of automation. It also examines the broader impact of adopting test automation on the quality, speed, and efficiency of software delivery. Methodology: The study investigates the challenges of manual testing in agile and DevOps environments and explores the role of automation as a solution. By analyzing various automation tools, frameworks, and best practices, the research provides insights into successful implementation strategies for test case automation. Additionally, it reviews the associated benefits and potential challenges organizations may face when transitioning to automated testing. Findings: Test case automation significantly mitigates the shortcomings of manual testing, particularly in fast-paced development cycles. The findings reveal that automation not only enhances the quality of software by catching defects earlier but also accelerates the testing process, improving overall efficiency. However, the study also identifies challenges, such as the initial investment in tools and skills required for automation, as well as the ongoing need for maintenance of automated test cases. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of software testing (Tom Badgett, Corey Sandler & Glenford J. Myers, 2011) by highlighting the essential role of automation in modern software development methodologies like agile and DevOps. It bridges the gap between traditional manual testing and contemporary automated practices, providing a framework for understanding how automation fits within these rapid development paradigms. In practice, the study encourages organizations to adopt test case automation as a critical policy for improving the quality and speed of software delivery. It offers practical insights into the implementation of automation, including tool selection, training, and process integration, which can guide companies in transitioning to automated testing. Additionally, it highlights the long-term benefits of automation, making it a valuable policy consideration for organizations aiming to optimize their development and testing processes.

From Code to Care: The Impact of Software Engineering and QA on Healthcare Delivery Systems

The rapid digitalization of healthcare has led to an unprecedented reliance on software systems to improve patient care, streamline operations, and ensure regulatory compliance. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the critical role that software engineering and quality assurance (QA) play in three key areas of modern healthcare: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), telemedicine platforms, and medical device software. Through an examination of current practices, challenges, and case studies, we demonstrate how robust software engineering methodologies and rigorous QA processes contribute to the development of reliable, secure, and efficient healthcare applications. Our findings highlight the importance of data integrity, interoperability, user experience, and regulatory compliance in healthcare software development. Furthermore, we explore emerging trends such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), discussing their implications for future software engineering and QA practices in healthcare. This article provides valuable insights for healthcare organizations, software developers, and policymakers, offering recommendations to enhance the quality and safety of software-driven healthcare solutions.

Accelerating Evidence Synthesis in Observational Studies: Development of a Living Natural Language Processing-Assisted Intelligent Systematic Literature Review System.

Systematic literature review (SLR), a robust method to identify and summarize evidence from published sources, is considered to be a complex, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive task. This study aimed to present a solution based on natural language processing (NLP) that accelerates and streamlines the SLR process for observational studies using real-world data. We followed an agile software development and iterative software engineering methodology to build a customized intelligent end-to-end living NLP-assisted solution for observational SLR tasks. Multiple machine learning-based NLP algorithms were adopted to automate article screening and data element extraction processes. The NLP prediction results can be further reviewed and verified by domain experts, following the human-in-the-loop design. The system integrates explainable articificial intelligence to provide evidence for NLP algorithms and add transparency to extracted literature data elements. The system was developed based on 3 existing SLR projects of observational studies, including the epidemiology studies of human papillomavirus-associated diseases, the disease burden of pneumococcal diseases, and cost-effectiveness studies on pneumococcal vaccines. Our Intelligent SLR Platform covers major SLR steps, including study protocol setting, literature retrieval, abstract screening, full-text screening, data element extraction from full-text articles, results summary, and data visualization. The NLP algorithms achieved accuracy scores of 0.86-0.90 on article screening tasks (framed as text classification tasks) and macroaverage F1 scores of 0.57-0.89 on data element extraction tasks (framed as named entity recognition tasks). Cutting-edge NLP algorithms expedite SLR for observational studies, thus allowing scientists to have more time to focus on the quality of data and the synthesis of evidence in observational studies. Aligning the living SLR concept, the system has the potential to update literature data and enable scientists to easily stay current with the literature related to observational studies prospectively and continuously.

A survey on Cryptoagility and Agile Practices in the light of quantum resistance

Context:Crypto-agility, a name that stems from agile methodologies for software development, means the ability to modify quickly and securely cryptographic algorithms in the event of a compromise. The advent of quantum computing poses existential threats to current cryptography, having the power to breach current cryptography systems. Objective:We investigated whether and to what extent agile practices for software development are suited to support crypto-agility, or not. In particular, we discuss their usefulness in the context of substituting current algorithms with quantum-resistant ones. Method:First, we analyzed the literature to define a subset of 15 agile practices potentially relevant to cryptographic software development. Then, we developed a questionnaire to assess the suitability of agile practices for obtaining crypto-agility. We performed a Web search of relevant documents about crypto-agility and quantum resistance and sent their authors the questionnaire. We also sent the questionnaire to cybersecurity officers of four Italian firms. We analyzed and discussed the responses to 32 valid questionnaires. Results:The respondents’ affiliations are evenly distributed between researchers and developers. Most of them are active, or somehow active, in quantum-resistant cryptography and use agile methods. Most of the agile practices are deemed to be quite useful, or very useful to get crypto-agility, the most effective being Continuous Integration and Coding Standards; the least appreciated is Self-organizing Team. Conclusion:According to researchers and developers working in the field, the safe transition of cryptographic algorithms to quantum-resistant ones can benefit from the adoption of many agile practices. Further software engineering research is needed to integrate agile practices in more formal cryptographic software development processes.

WEB DEVELOPMENT REQUEST FOR INFORMATION (RFI)

The design of a Web-Based Online Request for Information (RFI) System aims to analyze issues within the verification procedures in the country of origin or loading country during the Import Technical Verification Program (VPTI) by KSO SCISI. This research also intends to evaluate the potential implementation of a web-based online Request for Information (RFI) system as a solution to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the verification process in the country of origin or loading country, while facilitating expedited services within VPTI. The research methodology involves initial stages of problem identification and observation of ongoing processes at KSO SCISI, supplemented by literature review to comprehend aspects of information system design and development through web-based platforms. Additionally, interviews with relevant stakeholders were conducted. The research adopts the Linear Sequential (Waterfall) methodology for system development, which translates analysis into design, coding, and testing. The primary outcome of this study is the design of a web-based online RFI system that eliminates the need for lengthy and intricate steps by enabling direct communication of physical verification location requests from the headquarters to exporters, without the involvement of branch offices in the country of origin or loading country. Implications of this research encompass procedural simplification, service efficiency enhancement, and fostering strong customer relations. An innovative facet of this study lies in the utilization of the online RFI system to streamline and expedite complex verification procedures, while also fostering more efficient connectivity between the headquarters and exporters. In conclusion, the web-based RFI system is poised to facilitate, accelerate, and fortify high-quality VPTI services by KSO SCISI.

From FOSS to profit: Digital spatial technologies and the mode of production

Existing literature has scrutinized the impact of geospatial technologies from various angles. This article adopts a heterodox vantage point—the mode of production—to illuminate the intricate power dynamics woven into the fabric of these technologies. By focusing on the mode of production, we meticulously demonstrate how ostensibly novel digital technologies and geospatial data formats wield power within social relations of production. Responding to calls to scrutinize the political economy of spatial technologies and map-making tools, we aim to unravel the underpinning social relations, software development techniques, and technologies that shape file formats like GeoJSON and Esri Shapefile. By tracing the historical evolution of these formats, the article reveals how digital labor, both voluntary and expropriated, shapes the landscapes of profit-driven technology firms. The rise of open standards is not a departure from for-profit motives but rather a manifestation of the confluence of free, open, and for-profit. Ultimately, we argue that the intricate connections between digital technologies, geography, and capitalist structures enroll seemingly independent FOSS products into broader systems of capital accumulation. These findings highlight the far-reaching impact of geospatial technologies and their role in perpetuating and reshaping capitalist dynamics.

SISTEM INFORMASI E-KATALOG PERPUSTAKAAN MUSEUM NEGERI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT BERBASIS WEBSITE

Library digitalization has become increasingly important in the era of information technology development. Digitalization enables libraries to provide easier and more efficient access to various information sources. This study proposes to design and construct an online e-catalog information system for the Nusa Tenggara Barat State Museum Library, which currently relies on manual book searches. The waterfall model was the software development methodology utilized in this study. This research is designed to facilitate library data management and assist visitors in finding the books they need. The implementation of this system includes features such as sign-in, dashboard, profile, services, and catalog. The testing results demonstrate that the system is intuitive, offers comprehensive information, and all functionalities function as intended. In conclusion, this e-catalog information system successfully improves the effectiveness of library services and simplifies book data management.

Navigating discourses of feedback: developing a pattern system of feedback.

Although feedback is often presented as if it were a well-understood concept in health professions education, in practice it can mean many things. For some, feedback is a conversation about defining and improving performance, while for others it is the information generated by assessments and tools. Indeed, feedback has variously been defined as a process, as data, as a conversation, and as a reflective exercise. As a result, for a concept so central to what educators do, 'feedback' is ambiguous and has multiple meanings. Pattern theory affords opportunities to examine what scholars and practitioners mean when they use the term 'feedback'. Elaborating feedback as a pattern system can connect otherwise disjointed discourses of feedback. In this paper, the authors describe the development of a pattern system of feedback in medical education. Arksey & O'Malley's 5-stages of scoping reviews were adapted to enact a 6-step pattern system development methodology that included (1) Identifying the research question and scope of inquiry; (2) elaborating a strategy for pattern identification; (3) study selection; (4) abductive pattern representation development; (5) pattern system testing; and (6) summarizing and reporting the results. A pattern system of feedback was developed based on review of 218 full text articles and testing against an additional 2833 citations. This pattern system is made up of 36 pattern representations organized under 6 domains: feedback referent, feedback intentions, feedback information, feedback processing, feedback response, and feedback meta. The pattern system was applied to two models of feedback to demonstrate its utility as a lens through which to analyze various instances of feedback and to foreshadow its potential broader applicability as a tool to facilitate knowledge synthesis in the feedback problem space.

Web system in the management of Preprofessional internship in students at the Private University of Trujillo [Sistema web en la gestión de Prácticas Pre Profesionales en los estudiantes de la Universidad Privada de Trujillo

The objective of this study is to improve the management of preprofessional internships for students at the Private University of Trujillo. The Directorate of Professional Development and Job Board, in charge of connecting students with companies for their pre-professional internships, carries out a series of manual processes for this purpose and disseminates them through printed publications in the university's wall newspapers, where on many occasions they go unnoticed. In addition to this, students do not necessarily have classes scheduled every day of the week, losing the opportunity to apply for a job offer that has been recently published and whose time for submitting the file is in a short period of time. As these are printed publications, there is minimal risk of them being lost, damaged or intentionally tampered with, without the management being aware of it. With the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic and everything that this entailed, since the current government declared a state of national emergency, the Directorate saw a decrease in the population of students eligible for pre-professional internships. The study corresponds to the cross-sectional correlational type, with a variant population for each identified indicator. For statistical analysis, the SPSS Static 21 program was used and the Kolgomorov-Smirnov normality test, Student's t test and Wilcoxon for related samples were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the time spent searching for information before the implementation of the web system is greater than the time spent searching after the implementation of the web system (p=0.00). The Rational Unified Process software development methodology was used, supported by the unified modeling language (UML). On the other hand, the time to register pre-professional internship advertisements before the implementation of the web system is greater than the time to search after the implementation of the web system (p=0.00). Also the degree of user satisfaction before the implementation of the web system is lower than the degree of user satisfaction after the implementation of the web system (p=0.00). It concludes with a decrease of 83.02% in the time spent searching for ads; a 57.40% decrease in the time to publish ads, and a 45.51% increase in the level of user satisfaction. All this leads to the conclusion that the implementation of a web system improves the management of pre-professional internships of students at the Private University of Trujillo.

Towards Health 4.0: Blockchain-Based Electronic Health Record for Care Coordination

Inter-organizational data sharing in healthcare is fraught with challenges, including diverse healthcare terminologies, incompatible data structures, and issues with data consistency and security. Establishing a unified patient record across a data-sharing network is problematic, and centralized data stores and authority providers are prime targets for cyberattacks. This study proposes a blockchain-based patient data-sharing strategy that relies on network consensus rather than a single, centralized source of trust. The consensus is based on evidence of both structural and semantic interoperability. The primary objective is to develop secure and controlled data-sharing mechanisms that enhance care coordination. The research utilized Kanban as the software development methodology to manage the project effectively. The study found that blockchain-based electronic health record (EHR) systems significantly enhance care coordination by enabling seamless data transfer and fostering trust and collaboration among healthcare providers. Key findings include improved data consistency, enhanced security, and increased interoperability across diverse healthcare systems. These results suggest that blockchain technology can play a crucial role in transforming healthcare delivery and improving patient outcomes in the context of Health 4.0. This work contributes to the ongoing discussion on leveraging blockchain technology to revolutionize healthcare systems, offering a robust framework for secure and efficient data sharing that can lead to better healthcare delivery and patient care outcomes.

Enhancing Sales Performance through ARIMA-Based Predictive Modeling: Insights and Applications Model

Gociko Snack, a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME), often faces significant challenges in managing its inventory due to the unpredictable nature of market demand. Accurate sales forecasting is crucial for Gociko Snack to optimize stock levels, reduce storage costs, and avoid out-of-stock or overstock situations. Traditional methods of sales prediction are often unable to cope with the dynamic and complex market environment in which Gociko Snack operates. in solving the case This research uses the ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) model for forecasting and application modeling using the CodeIgniter framework in a structured Waterfall system development methodology. Through rigorous testing and evaluation, the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) was set at 9.18, which shows the effectiveness of the application in predicting sales trends with a high success rate. This research contributes valuable knowledge and practical solutions to empower businesses to navigate and utilize data-driven decision making for long-term success and resilience.

Implementation of Natural Language Processing for Bullying Complaints with Voice to Text Conversion

Bullying in high school is frequent and negatively affects students' psychological well-being. The lack of effective reporting mechanisms makes students hesitant to report bullying cases for fear of their identity being exposed, which can lead to stigma or retaliation. The lack of data on bullying incidents also hampers prevention and intervention measures. The study designed and implemented a mobile application that uses natural language processing (NLP) for speech-to-text conversion, enabling anonymous and convenient reporting of bullying cases. The app ensures the anonymity of whistleblowers and facilitates the collection of accurate data on bullying incidents, helping schools respond with appropriate preventive measures. Software engineering methodologies are used with a focus on requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and application testing. NLP technology is used to interpret verbal instructions into text, with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method for text classification, ensuring high accuracy in detecting bullying incidents. The trial application in several high schools showed the relevance and effectiveness of the application. Ethical and security considerations are top priorities, with an emphasis on whistleblower identity protection and data security. The test results showed that the application achieved 92% accuracy, 90% precision, and 88% recall, demonstrating its effectiveness in collecting bullying reports anonymously and accurately.

Excellence Practices in Scrum Paradigm in Software Development

This article presents a comprehensive approach to improving Scrum methodology in practical software development. This article is intended for software engineering scientists and expert practitioners who develop their software products in the Scrum paradigm. The proposed best practices align with contemporary trends in the IT domain, including the complete digitalization and virtualization of production processes, the shift to fully remote software development, the integration of artificial intelligence technologies, and cost-saving models in team organization. The changes in software production processes discussed in this article are based on research conducted between 2020 and 2023. Those research encompasses the experiences of leading Russian, European, and international IT companies, and highlights the significant shift in IT business organization towards new standards of Scrum team efficiency. These standards include the data-driven formalization of production models, automation through AI tools, and visible cost optimization in engineer's teams, aligning closely with the demands of modern IT businesses. The article outlines a set of management actions designed to adapt to these evolving trends in the IT domain. These actions range from the formalization of sprint goals and processes in Scrum to sophisticated management of technical debt and the cost-effective organization of developer teams. As a main contribution in the article there are presented most valuable Scrum paradigm excellence elements: implementing measurable and specific sprint goals in SMART-format, cost-saving practices, management of sprint parameters, usage of AI tools in software engineering. Presented in article recommendations might help in practical implementation of those process changes, based on industry practice and reduce any corresponding risks on software development projects. Received: 18 June 2024 | Revised: 12 August 2024 | Accepted: 5 September 2024 Conflicts of Interest The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study. Author Contribution Statement Denis Pashchenko: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration

Software System Architecture for Estimating Software Development Time

The article is devoted to the issues of estimating the duration of software development, the solution of which can significantly improve the efficiency of software projects. The relevance of the topic is conditioned by the rapid development of software development methodologies, on which the existing algorithms of such estimation depend, and, as a consequence, by the rapid obsolescence of approaches to solving this problem. A systematic analysis of the main algorithms for estimating software development duration is carried out. The classification of such algorithms is presented. The algorithm of software development duration estimation and the idea of the system implementing it, which will allow end users to automate this process, are proposed. The approaches to implementation of algorithms of retrospective (historical) estimation, PERT, expert estimation are considered. The prospectivity of researches in the field of implementation of methods of expert evaluation using neural networks is shown. The architecture of the proposed system is described. A prototype of the system implementing the method of retrospective evaluation based on the evaluation of the speed of the development team is developed.

Delta GUI change detection using inferred models

Recent software development methodologies emphasize iterative and incremental evolution to align with stakeholders’ needs. This perpetual and rapid software evolution demands ongoing research into verification practices and technologies that ensure swift responsiveness and effective management of software delta increments. Strategies such as code review have been widely adopted for development and verification, ensuring readability and consistency in the delta increments of software projects. However, the integration of techniques to detect and visually report delta changes within the Graphical User Interface (GUI) software applications remains an underutilized process. In this paper, we set out to achieve two objectives. First, we aim to conduct a comprehensive review of existing studies concerning GUI change detection in desktop, web, and mobile applications to recognize common practices. Second, we introduce a novel change detection tool capable of highlighting delta GUI changes for this diverse range of applications. To accomplish our first objective, we performed a systematic mapping of the literature using the Scopus database. To address the second objective, we designed and developed a GUI change detection tool. This tool simultaneously transits and compares state models inferred by a scriptless testing tool, enabling the detection and highlighting of GUI changes to detect the widgets or functionalities that have been added, removed, or modified. Our study reveals the existence of a multitude of techniques for change detection in specific GUI systems with different objectives. However, there is no widely adopted technique suitable for the diverse range of existing desktop, web, and mobile applications. Our tool and findings demonstrate the effectiveness of using inferred state models to highlight between 8 and 20 GUI changes in software delta increments containing a large number of changes over months and between 4 and 6 GUI changes in delta increments of small iterations performed over multiple weeks. Moreover, some of these changes were recognized by the software developers as GUI failures that required a fix. Finally, we expose the motivation for using this technique to help developers and testers analyze GUI changes to validate delta increments and detect potential GUI failures, thereby fostering knowledge dissemination and paving the way to standard practices.