Product Development Methodology Research Articles

NAVMAT: an AI-powered pathway to knowledge sharing on material failures

The paper describes the product development methodology, the architecture, the modules and features of the operating prototype, as well as future challenges of NAVMAT, a naval materials failure management system. The fundamental compound of the knowledge management platform is the recording and classification of a failure incident. NAVMAT supports different types of users, from the first Reporter to the Analyst and Forensic Engineer through appropriate workflows. In these workflows the incident-related information can be provided as text, files, images and videos, which can be easily associated to the incident and provide structured information. NAVMAT provides a number of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled helpers. During the incident recording, NAVMAT brings into play reactive real-time search which suggests related incidents and literature to facilitate the editor. It also speeds up the classification of incidents by providing AI-suggested labels, chosen from the (multi-lingual) concepts contained in the system Ontology. On the other hand, the intelligent indexing and search infrastructure of the system supports easy identification and retrieval of past incidents, reports and publications, by applying Natural Language Processing. The prototype of the described system has been embedded as a web application validated by potential Users and is being prepared for Operation in a fleet environment.

Adaptation of corporate model of ukrainian aircraft product life cycle to the international methodology of systems engineering

Problems. Under the present-day conditions, the preservation of competences of Ukrainian aircraft construction enterprises will be determined by the possibility of enterprises attracting to participation in international cooperation programs and projects. But this is possible only on the condition of prior harmonization of the product development methodology adopted in Ukrainian aircraft construction to that used in the international aircraft construction projects. Purose. The main goal of this article is to determine the ability and ways of adapting the corporate model of life cycle of aircraft engineering projects by Ukrainian aircraft construction enterprises to modern global aircraft construction practices. Implementation methodology. The research methodology predicted the identification of the main modern trends in the field of system engineering for the creation of a science-intensive product, as well as the analysis of concepts of presenting the life cycle of complex technical systems in international regulatory documents, industry regulations, guidelines and other information sources. Criteria for perspective of using the identified informational and normative sources as close analogues for the development of one's own corporate model of life cycle of an aircraft construction product were identified. On the basis of the criterion analysis of researched concepts of the life cycle of complex technical systems representing, the requirements were formed, which formed the basis of the concept of one's own corporate model of life cycle of the aircraft construction product. The results. The result of conducted research was the proposed concept of a corporate model of the life cycle of an aircraft construction product manufactured in Ukraine, which takes into account the international experience and best practices of leading aircraft construction companies, including focusing on the experience accumulated by domestic aircraft manufacturers. Conclusions. According to the results of analysis of advanced world practices in the field of creating a science-intensive product, an own corporate model of the life cycle of an aircraft product manufactured in Ukraine was proposed. In the future, on the basis of this model, a system for creating an aircraft product can be built and developed, which will be harmonized with existing world practices and will allow the domestic aircraft construction enterprises to fight for participation in international programs and projects.

Enhancing Strategic Planning of Projects: Selecting the Right Product Development Methodology

The selection of an appropriate development methodology is a critical strategic decision when managing a New Product Development (NPD) project. However, accurately estimating project duration based on the chosen methodology remains a challenge. This paper addresses the limitations of existing models and proposes a novel NPD project model that allows for testing and evaluation of different product development strategies. The model considers Waterfall, Spiral, Agile, and Hybrid methodologies and provides system engineers and project managers with decision-making tools to determine the optimal strategy and understand associated tradeoffs. The model is validated using real projects from various organizations and methodologies. It incorporates stochastic variables, risk management, and dynamic resource allocation, while addressing both Waterfall and Agile methodologies. The study contributes to the body of knowledge by offering practical tools for system engineers and project managers for choosing development methodology, improving project duration estimation, and identifying critical processes and risks in NPD projects. The research results also provide a basis for further studies and can benefit researchers interested in systems engineering methodologies. The proposed model fills a gap in the literature by providing a validated NPD model to evaluate the impact of different product development methodologies on project duration.

Endotracheal Cuff System Performance Enhancement through Product Design and Development Methodologies

Rapid prototyping (RP) is a popular method for product development and design in medical industries. Endotracheal tube (ETT) incubation is a common problem when using medical equipment. Among the difficulties that surgeons face during surgical procedures are the misinsertion of an endotracheal tube into the oesophagus and extubation due to the patient's limited mobility. The aim of this work is to design an innovative endotracheal tube holding model. The survey was carried out in order to identify the most common ETT problems. As a result, quality functional deployment and product design and development methodologies were utilised to select the design for all of the ideas, which were designed based on the demands indicated by the consumers. The concept score matrix was used to evaluate the designs. As a result, concept A is selected as the final design. The overall score for each concept was calculated to discover which concept has the highest rating. Based on the results of the concept scoring and concept screening, concept A is the most likely to be produced. The concept meets the most demanding needs of the users. The selected design was then created on the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine.

Development of a localized production model for the automotive industry, built into the concept of industry 4.0 in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia vision-2030 is mainly focused on industrialization to reduce reliance on oil revenue. Localized Manufacturing (LM) concept, which has gained its importance worldwide in this fast-changing technological world to meet customers’ unique needs of 21st century. Now-a-days, manufacturing industry is shifting from standard product development to customized product development keeping in view the growing unique customer-’s needs. The research objective of this research was to maximize LM Application in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to meet unique customers’ needs. Automobile industry was selected to apply Industry 4.0 technologies i.e., 3D Printing/Additive manufacturing. The specifications, fulfilling the customer’s unique needs have been incorporated to manufacture the desired part by 3D printing/additive manufacturing. Data was collected from Saudi automobiles customers regarding their unique needs on a particular automobile part. Using the Product Design and Development methodology by Ulrich et al data was collected, analysed and as a result of data analysis, a model for maximization of localized manufacturing was developed for implementation of LM technique. Results shows that using Industry 4.0 concept, customers’ unique needs can be satisfied and fulfilled in less time and it will be more economical as compared to standard/conventional manufacturing/production methods. Based on the results of this research a model for maximization of localized manufacturing is developed utilizing Industry 4.0 technique

Overview of new product development strategies and models

Motivation: The motivation for the overview presented in this article is to provide a starting point for considering whether existing new product development methodology and its level of detail allows product teams to develop high-quality and business-effective product concepts. Aim: The aim of this article is recognise the current state of research into new product development methodology and to present the strategies and models for New Product Development (NPD). Materials and methods: The systematic review of the literature was applied in the article. Results: The first section outlines the main strategies for new product development and how they are divided by methodological stance, degree of planning, search pattern, focus and response. The second part discusses the known models of new product development including: the craft model and the 5 generations based on the innovation models described by Rothwell and the stages of the manufacturing process defined in the literature. Part four looks at new trends in new product development, including: Open Innovation, Rapid Product Development (RPD), Agile New Product Development (ANPD), Sustainable New Product development (SNPD), the Design Thinking method and the new technologies of Industry 4.0.

Thinking the automobile.

The relationship between Design and Engineering has not its genesis in the 20th century. But it was in this century that the advantage of this association was perceived and came into existence. From the beginning of mass production in the early twentieth century came the need for bringing the two disciplines together: Design and Engineering.
 Although Design and Engineering are two separate and independent disciplines, much of their applied field overlaps. The automotive product design and industry is a common ground where Design and Engineering strive to achieve, together, a common final product: the automobile.
 This article aims to discuss how the development of the automobile throughout the 20th and 21st centuries was driven by Design and Engineering, opening the way for a deeper debate on the definition of this interaction.
 A definition for the Product Development methodology from the Engineering and Design point of view is described, as well as the role of the Design and Engineering disciplines within the automotive product development. Methodologically, a historically relevant case study in the development of the automobile product is presented.

Embedded Sensor Systems in Medical Devices: Requisites and Challenges Ahead.

The evolution of technology enables the design of smarter medical devices. Embedded Sensor Systems play an important role, both in monitoring and diagnostic devices for healthcare. The design and development of Embedded Sensor Systems for medical devices are subjected to standards and regulations that will depend on the intended use of the device as well as the used technology. This article summarizes the challenges to be faced when designing Embedded Sensor Systems for the medical sector. With this aim, it presents the innovation context of the sector, the stages of new medical device development, the technological components that make up an Embedded Sensor System and the regulatory framework that applies to it. Finally, this article highlights the need to define new medical product design and development methodologies that help companies to successfully introduce new technologies in medical devices.

Strategies for achieving circular economy goals in the lighting industry through design for disassembly-based methodologies

The significance of circular economy and its integration into core strategies for smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth, is increasingly being recognized by individuals, organisations, and nations in recent times. The term ‘Design for Disassembly’ may conjure up images about the end-of-life of a product or its disposal. However, design for disassembly connects to numerous circularity and sustainability goals over the lifetime of a product or project and can have a large impact on the carbon footprint of the product. ‘Design for Disassembly’ is a product development methodology which is in line with the vision of a circular economy, and supports increase in material efficiency, extends product lifetimes and improves recycling efficiency. Reduction of the imposed environmental risks and impact on the climate, by utilising circularity approaches such as remanufacturing, are tied to lowering of carbon footprint. This paper describes specific and actionable approaches that can be applied by luminaire manufacturers, specifiers, and other players in the lighting industry. The readers will learn about current tools and methodologies that can be used to improve iterative design, as well as measure, assess, and compare products or materials.

A case study on dynamic capabilities developed by a product start-up to grow at the time of pandemic

ABSTRACT Business operations became challenging when the COVID-19 pandemic struck, and governments applied significant lockdown measures to stop the spread. Start-ups and small-medium businesses started facing hardships due to the changes in the business environment and the resulting constricted cash flow. This case describes challenges faced by a high-tech product start-up company and the way they tackled these hardships. The company had adopted an agile programming methodology for product development which faced a major challenge because of the sudden introduction of “work from remote” (WFR). WFR had disrupted collaboration between clients, sales teams, and development teams. The success of agile methodology was dissipating as teams could not do on-premise huddles. The company witnessed an overrun in the sprint schedule, increase of budgeted cost, and sliding customer satisfaction. Senior management could not manage process parameters properly, and therefore predictability of the processes waned. The start-up owners, through the application of the “dynamic capabilities framework,” focused on reconfiguring the agile working processes and improving the remote working capability of employees. This case shows the start-up’s agile development process transformation journey following the dynamic capabilities framework to overcome the challenges posed by the pandemic. The teaching case focuses on imparting knowledge on agile development and dynamic capabilities to Information Systems students.

DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS OF AN AUTONOMOUS ELECTRIC VEHICLE FOR USE IN FAMILY FARM UNITS

Family farming in Brazil is responsible for the country’s food security, ensuring most of the food consumed by Brazilians. However, the agricultural machinery and equipment industry has not been dedicated to providing innovations to this sector, focusing mainly on supplying large agribusiness properties with the most advanced technology equipment. Thus, the introduction of new technological solutions regarding agricultural machines for family farming is necessary. Considering the need to supply this branch of the Brazilian agricultural sector with new technologies, this study aimed to establish the design specifications of an autonomous electric vehicle that serves as a multifunction platform, which was primarily designed to remove weeds, mainly meeting the needs of family farmers. The product development methodology in its informational phase was applied to obtain and study these needs. As a result, 19 design specifications were established with their associated target values, allowing defining the physical and economic parameters that will be the basis for the development of the autonomous electric vehicle in its conceptual phase.

Design methodology for mass personalisation enabled by digital manufacturing

Abstract Mass Personalisation (MP) is becoming more significant to answer diversifying customer needs, as a result of the advancements in digital manufacturing. In contrary to the modular design in mass customisation, Design for MP (DfMP) proposes more profound changes in product and active user involvement in the design process, while maintaining mass efficiency. Traditional product development methodologies fall short in guiding MP, as it has the distinct differences with product variability and the customer involvement with specific needs. In this study, a dedicated design methodology for MP is presented, focussing on these key dimensions. The proposed methodology guides the designer through the development process of a user modifiable design and demonstrates how to facilitate the user involvement in reaching a personalised design. It proposes a flexible and adaptable seed design architecture, and an interactive customer co-creation process. The development of a seed design, construction of its design space, and management of the solution space with a design solution algorithm are elaborated. The application of the methodology was illustrated on the personalisation of knitted footwear, and 3D printed saxophone mouthpiece. The examples show the potential of the methodology to deal with coupled MP cases. A systematic approach to DfMP will allow expanding MP to more products, and acts as a foundation for the customer co-creation oriented design in the context of this emerging paradigm.

Design for excellence to explore complex product service systems: A case study

Complexity in new product development is claimed to continuously increase, causing challenges that require new and cross-disciplinary solutions. There are at least three major forces causing upheaval in the way we are designing, engineering, producing and using/reusing products: 1) achieving the sustainability goals, 2) availability of digital technology at ever lower costs and 3) personalization and customization of products. This study seeks to investigate future solutions for the street light infrastructure based on Design for X approaches - and enablers and barriers for innovation in the stakeholder network. Light poles are traditionally been an enabler for illuminating the road in a static manner, whilst such structures in the future are predicted to host a multitude of technologies for serving a broader array of functionality. Examples of added value functionality are; crash management, smart control systems for energy saving, ease of maintenance, sensor-service system that provides stakeholders with real time information about the road environment, sensor technology for enabling autonomous driving etc. To explore this functionality, a Design for Excellence product development methodology is used to structure the gathered information from multiple sources. Both a qualitative and quantitative methodologies are used, where the former is conducted by interviewing value chain stakeholders for the complete road light infrastructure domain in one region and the latter is done by a structured questionnaire. The common ground for both approaches is Design for excellence which is regarded as a systematic way of designing products to optimize total benefits over the whole product life span. Findings from this study suggest that safety and reliability are the two most important requirements when designing a light pole for future demands.

Product development methodology: non-quality caused in production by mistakes in product development, its measurement and improvement integration in the product development process

A new quality focused product development (NPD) methodology, applying lean manufacturing principles and Industry 4.0 paradigms is described in this paper. This methodology has been tested in a tailor-made equipment manufacturer for the retail sector, where tight product development times are needed. This requires a high agility in the processes, meaning the overlap of phases, the integration of processes, cooperation, and automation of tasks. We have generated a system concept that collects all the manufacturing incidences related to NPD, integrated in workshops stations, creating a system that enables real time data capture and a valuable feedback loop to NPD processes. Its implementation showed an improvement over 10% in the quality of the NPD process in a period of 3 months, an increase of the productivity in both product development and manufacturing areas, and a boost of the internal customer satisfaction in manufacturing area with the product development area.

Impact Assessment of Lean Product Development and Lean Startup Methodology on Information Technology Startups’ Performance

This research aims to evaluate the impact of lean product development (LPD) and lean startup (LS) practices on startup performance. A survey with 114 responses from Brazilian startups in the Information Technology sector evaluated the direct effects of LPD and LS on organizational performance, as well as the potential cross-effects between them. The assumptions were validated using a structural equation modeling for data analysis, which confirms that the adoption of these methodologies has a positive significant impact on startup performance, especially the practices involving teamwork and the design of minimum viable products.

A ROBUST DESIGN RESEARCH LANDSCAPE - REVIEW ON THE IMPORTANCE OF DESIGN RESEARCH FOR ACHIEVING PRODUCT ROBUSTNESS

AbstractThe strive for design principles, qualitative and quantitative design tools, and product development methodologies that enable and support the design of robust products, that is products which are insensitive to noise and variation, is an ongoing challenge for both practitioners and academics. This paper reviews and classifies recent research efforts dedicated to robust design originating from the design society and carves out important challenges and potentials for future research. The main novelty of the paper can be found in the structured analysis and classification of recent robust design efforts as well as in the systematic elaboration of future research challenges, which seeks to stimulate a discussion on future tasks and challenges in robust design research.

Aluminum Slag Separation Process Analysis Through a Vibratory Machine in the Foundry Process

A The aluminum smelting industry has some challenges, due to the characteristics of the alloy that cause reactions that should be controlled. During the foundry process, the alloy is oxidized by contact of the molten aluminum with the ambient air. Oxide films forming on the surface of the molten metal must be removed during the cleaning of the furnaces in order to avoid contamination of the alloy to be used in the production of parts. Analyzing the melting process of a metallurgy at the industrial complex in Manaus, we saw that during the cleaning of the furnaces a metal tool is used to remove the slag, which brings with it a high level of aluminum brought about by the mechanical drag of the tool. As the company in question does not have resources to recover the metal aluminum contained in the slag, it is destined for the other institution which carried out the processing through the process of refusion of the slag and extraction of aluminum. The high level of losses in the process due to the discarding of slag generates considerable financial damage to the institution, reflected directly in the cost of manufacturing the products. In this way, the aim of the present work was to develop equipment for the extraction of the metal aluminum contained in the slag and consequently to reduce the losses in the process. The design of the equipment was chosen through a product development methodology, which made it possible to define the design specification, which can count on a container for the receipt and separation of the slag by means of the vibration brought on by motorvibrators installed at its ends, followed by a slingshot drawer responsible for the storage of the metal after the solidification and support/translate cars of the containers.

Preliminary Proposal for an Alternative Wall Lining Panel Based on Molded Recycled Cellulose and Designed for Home Wiring Refurbishment of Building Interior Partitions

Old dwellings usually have shortfalls in insulation, acoustic and thermal, and in security of electrical services in the interior partition walls. A common building solution is to add a wall lining with a laminate base gypsum board that improves both acoustic and thermal insulation and facilitates a new invisible cable layout without demolition. Conventional solutions have had limited success because of time consumption, environmental impact and cost. This research aimed to create an integrated building system to carry out these interior building refurbishment works quickly, cleanly and with low inconvenience and environmental impact. The research specifically focused on incorporating new molded materials that have a low environmental impact and improving the handling and future modification of the wall lining system. In response to the above goals, the product development methodology was applied to the design of an internal panel to be inserted between the existing partition wall and the closure wallboard, which is usually laminated base gypsum board (LGB). The proposed internalpanel is molded with recycled cellulose pulp (Biprocel) and has adequate relief designed to improve cable layout tasks and better join the laminate base gypsum board to the existing wall face. The development resulted from collaboration between the public administration, university researchers and undergraduate students in the co-design process. This research contributes to improving the applications of recycled cellulose fibers in molded panels for the building industry, particularly in refurbishment activities.

Launch in the pharmaceutical sector - innovation with niche formulations applying lean startUPs models

Research, development and application of entrepreneurship models based on the methodology described by Eric Ries, an entrepreneur and businessman who, after several experiences of failure in startUP project development in Silicon Valley (USA), understood that for his business model works, it had to evolve; firstly, optimizing costs in the product development phase and secondly, concentrating time using a 3-phase wheel: I. Prototype launch II. Collecting customer experience and satisfaction metrics, answering the question “Does it meet the customer's need?” III. Learning and improving the final product adapting it to the experience collected. This business model makes business projects viable in the early stages of development, which must evolve to adapt to the market. Laboratorios Avanceutics is an entrepreneurial project led by María Moreno - Pharmaceutical and CFO, and Jesús Nieva Pharmaceutical and CEO. This project is focused on the formulation, development and manufacture of phytotherapeutics, nutraceuticals and functional supplementation for the pharma sector. Through market research and after cost evaluation, we understood that the investment in both fixed and variable costs at the beginning of the project in Pre-Seed phase, was very high. Therefore, in order to make the project economically viable, we had to look for alternatives that do not increase the financial burden but to optimize it. For this reason, we managed to adapt the Lean StarUP method to the different phases of laboratory development, carrying out a cost optimization that made possible to develop the first formulations to launch on the market. The methodology used in the optimization of resources was applied, adapted, and divided into: Phase 1: Elimination of intermediaries. Focused on research and learning in conducting: market studies, marketing, regulatory and National (Aecosan) and European (Efsa) legislation, graphic design, die-cutting, web design (html - wordpress) for ecommerce development. Phase 2: Stock adaptation, negotiation with supplier laboratories to adapt the minimum purchases to the needs, making consumption agreements. Within the product development methodology, we have subdivided 4 stages that help us to optimize the management of the formulation from its origin, these phases are F.1 discovery, F.2 Pre-formulation, F.3 Development (phase A) and F. 4 Development (phase B) and launch. As a result of the adaptation of this model and of our own research, it has been possible to develop 7 formulations in a short space of time and making the first phases of implementation and market access of the project viable, all within one of the most important and competitiveness sectors such as the pharmaceutical market.

Data and model-based triple V product development framework and methodology

ABSTRACT Traditional product development frameworks were developed decades ago, lacking the utilization of big data technology and model-based systems engineering (MBSE) theory. This paper proposes a data and model-based triple V framework based on the traditional V framework and double V framework, covering lifecycles of the product, model, and data. By mapping the Harmony methodology and adding data analysis methods to the triple V framework, a structured methodology of the framework is constructed. This paper applies the proposed framework and its methodology in designing a damage control system (DCS) based mission system and then verifies the new framework’s efficiency.