Technology Transfer Methods Research Articles

Pendampingan Demplot Teknik Budidaya Bawang Merah pada Musim Hujan Secara Ramah Lingkungan

Background: Shallot cultivation in the rainy season faces the constraints of more severe plant disease problems. Utilization of mixed biopestisda Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus sp. B8 and Pseudomonas flourescens P8 as well as proper cultivation techniques have not been adopted by farmers. It is necessary to assist farmers in implementing the technology The objectives of the activity are: assisting farmers in implementing the shallot cultivation technology package appropriately, increasing the quantity and quality of crop production, and increasing farmers' income through increasing farm efficiency. Method: The farmers participating in the activity are members of the farmer group "Lestari" Tambak Sogra Village, Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency. Technology transfer method through demplot assistance. The biopesticide technology package and environmental manipulation are compared to the conventional package of synthetic chemical pesticides. Data on the growth and yield of technological plot crops compared to conventional plots. The large number of farmers who can independently apply the technology is observed. Results: mentoring activities showed that farmer group members were able to independently implement technology packages. The use of biopesticides and proper cultivation techniques can produce growth and yield equivalent to the use of synthetic chemical pesticides. Conclusion: 80% partner farmers can apply technology packages, the use of biopesticides is able to substitute the use of synthetic chemical pesticides, technology packages are able to increase 5.9% of shallot bulbs and reduce 75% production costs.

Perspective of US farmers on collaborative on‐farm agronomic research

AbstractOn‐farm research has emerged in recent years as a unique approach to involve farmers and other agricultural stakeholders as active participants in knowledge development and as an effective method of technology and innovation transfer across farms. This study assessed the perspective and knowledge of US farmers regarding on‐farm research via the implementation of a 24‐question survey distributed across most of the US Midwest and South‐Central regions. We found that farmers generally are willing to engage with universities to conduct on‐farm research and were 40% more likely to adopt practices supported by on‐farm research findings than research not conducted on‐farm. Notably, a shift toward conservation practices was made, with cover crops and no‐till at the forefront. Insights of this nature have implications for fostering collaborations, addressing constraints, and maximizing the impact of on‐farm research, offering guidance for sustainable agriculture progress in the United States and beyond. Results from this research survey could be used to initiate much‐needed policies to promote on‐farm research. Further, information on the benefits and drawbacks of on‐farm research could be used in the development of studies that benefit both farmers and researchers.

Keterampilan mengajar guru di Lembaga Pendidikan Al-Ma’arif Kuningan

Al-Ma'arif educational institution stands as many as three educational institutions, namely PAUD Al- Ma'arif, TPA / TKA Al-Ma'arif and DTA Al-Ma'arif. Al-Ma'arif Educational Institution encounters obstacles including aspects of human resources who have educational qualifications that are not in accordance with the field of science or education. Then motivation, innovation and creativity are still low which has implications for the process of organizing ongoing education and teaching. Improving HR aspects in improving HR teaching skills in the learning process in the classroom. Activities to improve HR teaching skills that will have implications for HR innovation and creativity after the development of lesson plan preparation activities and audio-visual media. The output targets to be achieved include: Teaching skills of educators, creativity and innovation of educators in the learning process to improve student learning outcomes and the creation of a pleasant learning atmosphere. The implementation method used in this PKM activity includes the method of technology transfer and continuous assistance.

Analysis of Public Technology Collaborative Innovation Based on Private Technology: A Tripartite Evolutionary Game Approach

Public technology collaborative innovation serves as an essential driving force to implement the innovation-driven strategy as well as promote national and regional economic sustainable development. Moreover, strengthening the construction of public technology collaborative innovation system is likewise of great significance for strengthening the quality and technology level of enterprises, enhancing their independent innovation capability, and achieving strategic transformation. Particularly, collaborative innovation of public technology in accordance with mature private technology enables the efficient allocation of technological and economic resources. In practice, there are still issues including high innovation costs, insufficient motivation, and low efficiency of innovation. Existing research typically ignores the technical cooperation among multiple parties. An evolutionary game model of public technology collaborative innovation is established in this paper to examine the interaction mechanism among the government, enterprises, and technology owners. For the purpose of analyzing the dynamic evolution of public technology collaborative innovation behavior and its influencing factors, numerical simulation experiments were conducted with meaningful results: (1) Setting the cost and benefit allocation coefficient in a scientific manner contributes to system stability and promotes cooperation among game players. (2) Reasonable government subsidies and penalties can assist in the formation of an active technological innovation between the firm and the technology owner. (3) The pricing method of private technology transfer is a significant factor influencing the evolution process. Besides, the adoption of a technology pricing method on the basis of government interests is conducive to the formation of a stable tripartite win-win situation. The research on collaborative innovation of public technology is further expanded in this paper, offering a reference for the formulation of relevant policies aimed at promoting cooperation in public technology innovation.

Agricultural Technology Transfer Methods and Adaptability of Rural Farmers in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State

The study investigated that agricultural technology transfer methods and adaptability of rural farmers in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State. The sample size used for the study was 120 rural farmers. Cluster random sampling was used to select ten (10) rural women farmers from 12communities of Ikwerre Local Government Area. Two instruments for data collection were used in the study. One was “Agricultural technology transfer methods questionnaire”. The second research instrument was “Farmers Adaptability to Agricultural Technology Questionnaire”. The study found that farmer-to-farmer method and household method of transferring agricultural technologies have strongest and significant relationship with farmers’ adaptability to new technological innovations than other methods. It was recommended that government should provide adequate fund for extension workers basically for encouraging household, farmer-to-farmer method in transferring agricultural innovation.

Technology transfer method of Tantri Darmaswami dance theater as a virtual work

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a scourge for performing arts activists. The impact narrows the movement of art life, both formal and non-formal. Creative people try to be creative in finding breakthroughs to overcome this stagnation. This cannot be done unilaterally, it needs cooperation with the Business World and the Industrial World (DUDI) to communicate the results of the work. Solving problem, through the Diktiristek Matching Fund Program, the Faculty of Performing Arts (FSP) of the Indonesian Arts Institute (ISI) Denpasar in collaboration with PT. Bali Ranadha Television, created the work of Darmaswami Tantri Dance Theatre, which combines elements of tantri dance theater with cinematographic techniques into a virtual masterpiece. Using the technology transfer method is the transfer of the ability to utilize, master science, and technology. The goal is to increase art knowledge, produce quality creations, continue artistic work, and can be enjoyed by the public through virtual communication

New Framework Based on a Multi-criteria Decision-making Model of Technology Transfer in the Auto-battery Manufacturing Industry under Uncertainty

This research builds a decision-based optimization model to evaluate and decide on the methods of technology transfer in the auto-battery industry under uncertainty. This research is conducted based on the needs of the country's battery industry and shows the impact of technology transfer on world-class manufacturing. At first, the effective indices in the assessment of a technology transfer method are singled out through reviewing the literature and the experts' judgment. The sample population in this research consists of experts from eight auto-battery manufacturing companies. Then, each of the approved indices is assessed via the best-worst method, and in continuation, the technology transfer methods are evaluated and prioritized using an MOORA method as multi-criteria decision-making under uncertainty. The gray theory is also used to deal with uncertainty. According to the results obtained from the best-worst method, the five significant indices (i.e., improving style management, business strategy, cost-effectiveness, how to communicate with the organization, and competitiveness) are considered to select the technology transfer methods in the auto-battery production industry. Finally, to implement the proposed framework in the state auto-battery manufacturing industries, a dual-purpose mathematical model is introduced for optimized world-class technology transfer methods. To solve the proposed model, the developed ε-constraint method is used. Finally, based on the results of the proposed method, the transfer method of joint investment is recognized as the most suitable technique for technology transfer in this industry.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ НОВИХ МЕТОДІВ ТРАНСФЕРУ ЗНАНЬ ДЛЯ НАВЧАННЯ ФАХІВЦІВ З ЕКСПОРТНОГО КОНТРОЛЮ

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of knowledge and technology transfer in the modern global economy. The article shows models of knowledge and technology transfer. The allocation of four levels of knowledge and technology transfer is proposed: 1) creation of knowledge and technologies; 2) exchange; 3) implementation; 4) commercialization. The main factors and methods of knowledge and technology transfer are identified. The significance of the educational program "Economic Security of Entrepreneurship" for the training of specialists in the field of technology transfer in Ukraine is shown.

Cyanide on the Rand: Competing Methods of Technology Transfer

Cyanide on the Rand: Competing Methods of Technology Transfer

Вдосконалення інструментарію механізму активізації трансферу технологій у формі лізингу

Abstract. Introduction. Modern directions of development of world economy stipulated new scientifically - technological paradigm within the framework of that formed productive - economic systems that are base on innovations. Development of home priority industries of economy must come true by a way them technological retooling due to introduction of innovative developments at all stages of productive process. In this connection perfection of methodical approaches becomes actual in relation to the processes of activation of transfer of technologies in form leasing that will allow to choose different scenarios scientifically - technological development of economy of the state. Purpose. The aim of this scientific research is perfection of tool of mechanism of activation of transfer in form leasing sent to development of priority industries of economy. Results. The diversity of different types of transferred technologies, areas of development of commercial and noncommercial forms and methods of technology transfer has been studied, which made it possible to systematize the approaches existing in international practice to the analysis and assessment of the effectiveness of technology transfer. The ranking of the countries of the world by the level of innovative development have been analyzed according to the estimates of the World Intellectual Property Organization. According to statistics presented in the Report of the World Intellectual Property Organization, the pandemic, having stopped the economic growth of most countries of the world, had a negative impact on innovative development in general. The costs of research and development have significantly decreased, the amount of venture capital has decreased, there was less activity in the field of patenting and the use of intellectual property and the transfer of technologies in their various forms have decreased. The toolkit of organizational and economic support for technology transfer in the form of leasing has been considered from the perspective of developing directions for improving methodological approaches to activate technology transfer. It has been proven that the purchase of new technologies abroad is the main way to modernize the domestic industry and is associated with the convenience of acquiring technologies and equipment that have shown their effectiveness in other markets. At the methodological level, it has been established that an innovative infrastructure is being formed in our country, where participants in the innovation process act as the main subjects, and trade in licenses and leasing is used as the main form of technology transfer. The article systematizes methods for assessing the effectiveness of technology transfer models in the form of leasing. Conclusions. The developed economic and mathematical models of the planning, accounting and control functions, as well as the dynamic model of their implementation, form the basis of the models of strategic and operational planning of the use of resources, as well as the analysis of the effectiveness of their use for the implementation of technology transfer. Theoretical and methodological approaches to information and analytical support of the assessing process of the effectiveness of technology transfer in the form of leasing have been further developed.

Features of the development of the sphere of biomedical cell products in Russia

The successful development of the economy of a modern state is directly related to the entry into the market of new advanced therapy medicinal products. For Russia, the process of developing and implementing biomedical cell products will become the basis for the successful transformation of the pharmaceutical market into a knowledge-intensive market economy. Biomedical cell products can act as one of the main tools of such a promising and capital-intensive direction as regenerative medicine. The field of biomedical cell products therapy is developing rapidly, but there are still questions about the safe use of biomedical cell products therapy. The growing need for effective recommendations for the participants of the biomedical cell products market has determined the relevance of this study. Multivariate analysis of the prospects and barriers to the development of the biomedical cell products market to justify and develop recommendations for investors, pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors for the production and sale of biomedical cell products in Russia. Materials and methods. The materials were regulatory legal documents of regulatory bodies: the USA, the EU, the Russian Federation, the EAEU, as well as analytical materials of open access. Results. A comparative analysis of the production features and the formation of the cost of autologous and allogeneic biomedical cell products revealed the ways of development of the biomedical cell products market. Further, the key directions of the prospective development of the biomedical cell products market were identified and characterized, risk factors, drivers and barriers were identified. Conclusion. In the direction of regulatory support: – create a general register for monitoring the results of research and the use of biomedical cell products. – to develop an information environment for comparing large sets of biomedical cell products life cycle data obtained from different sources; – to develop regulatory approaches to the circulation of biomedical cell products in the market. In the direction of technological support: – plan the implementation of automation of all stages of the production process; – to provide for the development of technology transfer methods; – to maintain the pharmaceutical quality system in an up-to-date functioning state; – implement a platform for training qualified personnel for this field. In the direction of marketing support: – to create logistics chain systems, with the help of integration technologies, capable of ensuring uninterrupted supply of biomedical cell products with minimal risks to the quality of the supply chain reliability; – supply planning should take into account the stability and storage conditions of the biomedical cell products; – scaling up production leads to a reduction in cost, and an increase in the use of biomedical cell products in routine medical practice leads to an increase in the present value; – conduct training of production employees, distributors and medical personnel. – develop a commercialization strategy for each biomedical cell products separately.

Situation-oriented System of Technology Transfer Methods in the Agricultural Sector of the Economy

In the article, the authors schematically depict the process of functioning of a situation-oriented system of technology transfer methods in the agricultural sector of the economy. Indicators of domestic expenditures on research and development in Russia, as well as exports of high-tech goods from Russia, China, Japan, the United States, Germany and France are presented. As a set of methods of technology transfer proposed by us to create a situation-oriented system, we consider: the method of forming an intensive market interaction of economic entities based on information and telecommunications technologies, the method of introducing innovations based on the accumulation of additive technologies, the method of transforming information products and services into an autonomous component of the domestic agricultural economy. The scientific foundations of the development of situational modelling in relation to the formation of technology transfer are revealed. It is concluded that it is necessary to actively develop the mechanism of technology transfer in modern agriculture based on the consolidation of information resources of state structures, specialized organizations, innovation centers of cities and regions into a single network and its further integration into European networks.

How effective are India's model guidelines on implementation of IPR policy for academic institutions? Seeking the answer from the US and the UK experience

AbstractPublic funded research and inventions play a central role in stimulating innovation in any country. Last year, the Government of India stealthily notified the Draft Model Guidelines on Implementation of IPR Policy for Academic Institutions. The draft guidelines aim to provide a structure embedded in intellectual property rights (IPR) for commercializing university inventions. They prioritize IPR over other methods of technology transfer from academia to the industry. The draft guidelines put India in elite comity of fast‐developing and developed nations which have a similar policy framework in place. But is the spirit of collegiality a reason good enough by itself to embrace a policy? The article comprehensively analyses the draft guidelines, their purported rationale, and consequences that their enforcement would entail. The article presents an Indian perspective against the backdrop of the American and English experience, with their respective academic institutions Intellectual Property Policy frameworks, in an endeavor to extract tangible lessons for India. It is argued that with all the pious intentions with which the draft guidelines have been brought, they are misplaced, inapt, and ill‐judged.

Approach to Establishment of Control Strategy for Oral Solid Dosage Forms Using Continuous Manufacturing.

As a result of the research activities of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), this document aims to show an approach to establishing control strategy for continuous manufacturing of oral solid dosage forms. The methods of drug development, technology transfer, process control, and quality control used in the current commercial batch manufacturing would be effective also in continuous manufacturing, while there are differences in the process development using continuous manufacturing and batch manufacturing. This document introduces an example of the way of thinking for establishing a control strategy for continuous manufacturing processes.

A Dual Model for Selecting Technology and Technology Transfer Method Using a Combination of the Best-Worst Method (BWM) and Goal Programing

Supplier selection is vital in the supply chain, with significant effects on the chain structure. Three important factors contribute to this process, namely, product/technology selection, selection of the technology/product transfer method, and supplier selection. In this study, after defining the influential criteria for these factors, the best-worst method (BWM) was employed for measuring the weights. Next, the three factors were incorporated into goal programming (GP) to minimize the cost and failure and maximize the level of service and environmental compliance. The results of the GP indicated the level of demand allocation to the supplier(s). Overall, the gray analytical network process (GANP) is used as the best decision-making method, and over the past four years, BWM has been applied in decision-making processes. Therefore, the GANP method was used to measure the weights of criteria. These weights were also incorporated into GP for comparison with the proposed combination. The results showed the superiority of BWM-GP over GANP-GP, given the reduced cost and failure, besides the increased level of service and environmental compliance.

Дослідження характеру та значимості впливу факторів ринку праці на інвестиційну привабливість країни

In recent years, there has been a significant structural impact of the so-called "digital" economy on the formation of FDI flows. The development of advanced technologies and robotics is accelerating. All this makes production more sophisticated, cheaper, and faster. The progressive labor market is a good basis for the successful development of enterprises in various industries. And investments make it possible for industries to be created, to develop, and to innovate. In addition, foreign direct investment is an important method of technology transfer that stimulates domestic public investment flows and fosters the development of human capital and institutions. The purpose of the article is to develop an economic and mathematical model of the dependence of a country's investment attractiveness on labor market factors. The influence of labor market factors on the investment attractiveness of Ukraine is analyzed and thoroughly substantiated, as well as the state of Ukraine's modern labor market, whose characteristic features, possible tendencies, and prospects are determined. The factors of the labor market include value-added per worker, medium and high-tech exports as a percentage of total exports, the unemployment rate, and the gross enrollment rate for higher education. Investment attractiveness is determined by the volume of foreign direct investment. When developing the model, the authors substantiate the comparability of the input data, their statistical significance, and the correlation of factor variables with foreign direct investment income. The Irwin method was used to check for anomalies of values, and recommendations were made for eliminating such data if they were found. The normality of distribution was verified using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The construction of a multivariate linear regression model was performed using the Stata 14 statistical package.

An Integrated Shannon-PAF Method on Gray Numbers to Rank Technology Transfer Strategies

The selection of an appropriate technology transfer (TT) method is a complex multidimensional problem, which involves a multitude of situational qualitative and quantitative criteria. Despite multiple classifications and effective practices, expert opinion is still essential for every case. The complexity and dependence of TT method selection on human judgment have led to an increase in the application and integration of Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making (MCGDM) methods, as well as fuzzy and gray systems theories, to address uncertainties related to data collection and selection of TT methods and criteria. The present study contributes to this trend by presenting a novel integrated Shannon-Projection Attribute Function (PAF) method, based on three-parameter interval gray numbers and describes its application in TT methods for the building industry. To calculate the weight of the assessment criteria, selected based on the literature review and Delphi panel, Shannon entropy can reduce uncertainties associated with the weighting criteria. Furthermore, three-parameter interval gray numbers can reduce uncertainties related to expert appraisal. In this study, we used the PAF method to rank TT methods. Also, we presented a brief analysis of the method application in the building industry. The results showed that reverse engineering and import of capital goods and machinery are the best TT methods, respectively.

Integrated Control of Coffee Bean Borer (Hypothenemus Hampei) on Sigararutang Coffee, Motung Village, Ajibata Sub-district, Toba Samosir District, Sumatera Utara

Integrated control Hypothenemus hampei in Saurdot farmer group, Motung Village, Ajibata District, Toba Samosir Regency, North Sumatra. The purpose of the activity was to increase the knowledge and skills of farmers about H.hampei and their management measures by improving cultivation techniques. The socialization of coffee borer pest management has been carried out by improving crop cultivation through spacing, crop pruning, chemical control and planting refugia plants. Partner problems are overcome by a number of technological solutions, which are carried out using technology transfer methods through education, training, demonstration plots, and mentoring. Socialization activities can increase farmers' knowledge about coffee berry borer (CBB) pests and its environmentally friendly control. The prototype of healthy coffee cultivation is very beneficial in increasing the knowledge and skills of Saurdot farmer group members in coffee cultivation. There is an increase in both knowledge and skills in the application of plant cultivation techniques. coffee specifically about the spacing of coffee seedlings increased by 15.38%, the distance of the shading trees around 50%, the selection of protective trees only about 50%, pruning coffee plants around 54%, pruning of shading trees around 25%, applying basic fertilizer and supplementary fertilizers around 50% in addition, there was also an increase in the group in the introduction of plant pests and control methods. There was an increase in the knowledge of partner groups about the type of pest of coffee plants by 11.11%, CBB pest by 51.11%, about CBB pest control by 50% and knowledge about the types of pesticides in controlling CBB by 50%

Healthcare Technology Transfer in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Inductive Approach

The research addressed within this paper sets out to develop a framework towards facilitating health-related technology transfer (TT) to and within sub-Saharan African countries. In turn, this framework will attempt to alleviate healthcare burdens in developing nations through a combination of acquisitions and collaborative technology development. Systematic conceptual and comparative literature reviews have been conducted to identify the major characteristics of TT. The conceptual review has outlined the universal characteristics of TT such as TT methods, prominent stakeholders and the importance of knowledge transfer while the systematic comparative review exclusively evaluated sub-Saharan African healthcare TT characteristics such as infrastructure barriers and the marketability of the transfer object. The outcomes of the literature reviews have been clustered into five phases, forming the basis of the conceptual framework. This framework aims to guide a user through the phases of technology development, technology analysis, technology transfer method application, change management and commercialization by providing managerial best practices at each phase. The conceptual framework has been evaluated by incorporating the outcomes of 16 semi-structured interviews conducted with healthcare and TT industry experts. The final framework aims to provide guidelines for any stakeholder involved in healthcare technology transfer regardless of the healthcare implementation by highlighting best practices surrounding stakeholder co-creation, transfer method application and constructing a sustainable healthcare technology transfer venture.

Innovation and technology transfer barriers in Slovakia and other new EU member states

The performance of European Union in terms of R&D investment, innovations, and educational attainments generally lags behind that of its main competitors - the United States and Japan. Within the EU, the new member states from Central and Eastern Europe belong to the group of moderate innovators. As technology is the key component of the innovation system of the 2nd generation, this paper is dedicated to discussing the methods of technology transfer applied by innovation leaders in the EU (e.g. Germany or Finland) and to identifying the factors that may represent the main stumbling blocks in the way of more effective innovation procedures in the new member states (e.g. Governments´ preferences for FDI that is attracted by the relatively cheap and skilled labour force; investors´ preferences for using know-how developed in their home countries; the absence of venture capital available for R&D and technology transfers, etc.). As the situation in the new member states begins to change - wages are growing and the countries are building new research infrastructure with the help of the EU funds - a new innovation and TT paradigm enters the stage. We discuss the ways of coping with these new challenges – such as better governance in the field of patents, extended education of students in the field of innovative competences and entrepreneurial skills, deeper understanding of the operations of industry technology transfer organizations and improved access to venture capital.