Polarization Analysis Method Research Articles

Diagnostics of Magnetohydrodynamic Modes in the Interstellar Medium through Synchrotron Polarization Statistics

One of the biggest challenges in understanding magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is identifying the plasma mode components from observational data. Previous studies on synchrotron polarization from the interstellar medium (ISM) suggest that the dominant MHD modes can be identified via statistics of Stokes parameters, which would be crucial for studying various ISM processes such as the scattering and acceleration of cosmic rays, star formation, and dynamo. In this paper, we present a numerical study of the synchrotron polarization analysis (SPA) method through systematic investigation of the statistical properties of the Stokes parameters. We derive the theoretical basis for our method from the fundamental statistics of MHD turbulence, recognizing that the projection of the MHD modes allows us to identify the modes dominating the energy fraction from synchrotron observations. Based on the discovery, we revise the SPA method using synthetic synchrotron polarization observations obtained from 3D ideal MHD simulations with a wide range of plasma parameters and driving mechanisms, and present a modified recipe for mode identification. We propose a classification criterion based on a new SPA+ fitting procedure, which allows us to distinguish between Alfvén mode and compressible/slow mode dominated turbulence. We further propose a new method to identify fast modes by analyzing the asymmetry of the SPA+ signature and establish a new asymmetry parameter to detect the presence of fast mode turbulence. Additionally, we confirm through numerical tests that the identification of the compressible and fast modes is not affected by Faraday rotation in both the emitting plasma and the foreground.

Water soluble redox‐active polyurethanes as efficient corrosive inhibitors for mild steel

AbstractThere is a necessity for an eco‐friendly inhibitor technology to safeguard mild steel from corrosion. Redox‐active Oligoanilines, namely diamine‐capped trimer (DCTA) and tetramer (DCTAni) have been synthesized and incorporated into the polyurethane backbone derived from polyethylene glycols (PEG, Mw = 2050, 4000) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The four water‐soluble polyurethanes, resulting from PEG, TDI, and DCTA/DCTAni, were denoted as IH‐1, IH‐2, IH‐3, and IH‐4. The corresponding redox‐active polyurethanes were rationally characterized using FTIR, and UV–visible spectroscopies. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate the surface morphology. The electrochemical properties of these inhibitors were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV). All the inhibitors were studied for their corrosion inhibition efficiency using Tafel potentiodynamic polarization analysis and weight loss methods. These demonstrated high efficacy at a low concentration of 200–300 ppm. The absorptivity of polymers on the mild steel were confirmed by Langmuir adsorption isotherms with a well‐fitting (R2 = 99.9%). The SEM analysis showed the adsorption capacity of inhibitors as protective layers for the mild steel panels. Overall, this work paves the way for innovative ideas for producing more water‐soluble and electrochemically active polymer additives as excellent corrosive inhibitors for mild steel surfaces.

Synthesis and characterization of selenium-polyvinyl alcohol nanoparticles as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1.0 M H2SO4

Selenium nanoparticles capped with polyvinyl alcohol (Se-PVA NPs) have been synthesized by chemical reduction using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, DLS, zeta potential, FT-IR, and TEM analysis and found to be stable. The solution of Se-PVA NPs was used as a carbon steel corrosion inhibitor in 1.0 M H2SO4. The effect of the presence of Se-PVA NPs in the corrosion medium was studied by potentiodynamic polarization and gravimetric analyses In the presence of Se-PVA NPs with a concentration of 600 ppm at 303 K, corrosion inhibition efficiency values of 92.86 % and 92.3 % were recorded by potentiodynamic polarization and gravimetric analysis methods, respectively. Over the Se-PVA NPs concentration range 100–600 ppm, it was found that increasing the concentration increases the inhibition efficiency, while the temperature has an adverse effect, inhibition efficiency values of 80.0 % was recorded at 323 K for the 600 ppm Se-PVA NPs solution. The potentiodynamic polarization measurements suggested that Se-PVA NPs work as a mixed-type inhibitor. The corrosion inhibition process was confirmed by testing the used specimens’ metal surface using SEM and AFM techniques, which showed that the acidic medium’s negative impact (distortion and roughness) on the carbon steel surface was reduced significantly in the presence of Se-PVA NPs. The inhibitor’s adsorption on the metal surface was studied. It obeys the Langmuir isotherm with a mixed-type adsorption process. The related kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were investigated.

Sensor Misorientation of CHINArray-II in Northeastern Tibetan Plateau from P- and Rayleigh-Wave Polarization Analysis

Abstract Accurate sensor orientation is important in providing reliable data used for seismological analysis such as P-wave receiver function analysis, shear-wave splitting, and ambient noise analysis. In this study, we used three distinct P-wave and Rayleigh-wave polarization analysis methods to estimate actual sensor orientation of 660 stations from CHINArray-II in northeastern margin of Tibetan plateau. We found that ∼42.12%–45.76% of the stations are well oriented with the absolute misorientation angle <3°, 42.42%–45.45% of the stations are fairly oriented with the absolute misorientation angle ranging from 3° to 10°, and 8.94%–11.82% of the stations are oriented with the absolute misorientation angle >10°. We further compared the results of some seismological analyses before and after sensor misorientation correction, such as Rayleigh-wave ellipticity (horizontal-to-vertical ratio) and P-wave receiver functions analysis. We found that when the sensor misorientation angle is large, it may lead to incorrect seismological results. With the same sensor misorientation, its influence on different seismological analysis is also different.

Polarization aberration analysis and suppression of an infrared remote sensing optical system based on a digital micro-mirror device

The off-axis polarized infrared remote sensing imaging system based on a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) is capable of obtaining super-resolution images and enhancing the acquisition of target details. Polarization aberrations can reduce system resolution and affect target detection accuracy, it is more obvious in infrared imaging optical systems with small F-numbers and large incidence angles. It is complex to analyze and suppress the inherent polarization aberrations of infrared optical systems. To address this challenge, we propose a simplified polarization analysis method to get the aberration coefficients by using the specific pupil’s aberration value. The ray sampling rate of simplified method is 0.02 times that of traditional method, and the accuracy is almost unchanged. A method using weak polarization elements to suppress polarization aberrations is developed. Compared to the values before suppression, there is a reduction of more than 50% in diattenuation and retardance under different wavelength and fields. The shift of PSF centroid reduces over 55%, and the ellipticity of PSF decreases over 40%. Furthermore, the implementation of this technique has resulted in 28% improvement in the accuracy of measuring the degree of linear polarization (DoLP) of the optical system.

Multi-Parameter Model-Based Polarimetric Calibration for Dual-Coded Spectral Polarization Imaging System

A polarization analysis method based on a multi-parameter model is proposed to address the polarization effect analysis and calibration requirements of a dual-coded snapshot spectral polarization imaging system. A full-link polarization effect model for a spectral polarization imaging system is established that includes a digital micromirror array (DMD), prism grating prism (PGP), micro-polarizer array detector (MPA), and multi-film. The influence of parameters such as the refractive index, incident angle, grating refractive index, constant, prism refractive index, vertex angle, multi-layer film complex refractive index, and film thickness on the optical transmittance of the system are analyzed. Using a dynamic data exchange mechanism to perform full-link, full-FOV, and full-pupil ray tracing on the optical system, the polarization effect distribution of the system under different degrees of polarization (DOP) and wavelengths is obtained. A calibration experiment for the controllable incident wavelength and DOP using narrowband filters and glass stacks is established. The experimental results show that in the 420 nm, 532 nm, and 635 nm wavelength bands, the MSEs of the calibrated values are 1.3924 × 10−4, 1.6852 × 10−4, and 1.6735 × 10−4, respectively. It is proven that the calibration method based on a multi-parameter model is feasible. Finally, the spectral polarization image at 532 nm is calibrated. The contrast ratio of metallic aluminum is calibrated from 7.13 to 15.33. This study provides a theoretical basis for the analysis and calibration of polarization effects in a dual-coded snapshot spectral polarization imaging system.

Low-Frequency Marsquakes and Where to Find Them: Back Azimuth Determination Using a Polarization Analysis Approach

ABSTRACT National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy, and Heat Transport (InSight) mission on Mars continues to record seismic data over 3 yr after landing, and over a thousand marsquakes have been identified, to date. With only a single seismic station, the determination of the epicentral location is far more challenging than on the Earth. The Marsquake Service (MQS) produces seismicity catalogs from data collected by InSight, and provides distance and back azimuth estimates when these can be reliably determined; when both are available, these are combined to provide a location. Currently, MQS does not assign a back azimuth to the vast majority of marsquakes. In this work we develop and apply a polarization analysis method to determine the back azimuth of seismic events from the polarization of observed P- and S-wave arrivals. The method is first applied to synthetic marsquakes and then calibrated using a set of well-located earthquakes that have been recorded in Tennant Creek, Australia. We find that the back azimuth is estimated reliably using our polarization method. The same approach is then used for a set of high-quality marsquakes recorded up to October 2021. We are able to estimate back azimuths for 24 marsquakes, 16 of these without MQS back azimuths. We locate most events to the east of InSight, in the general region of Cerberus Fossae.

Continuous Tremor Activity With Stable Polarization Direction Following the 2014 Large Slow Slip Event in the Hikurangi Subduction Margin Offshore New Zealand

AbstractMany types of slow earthquakes have been discovered at subduction zones around the world. However, the physical process of these slow earthquakes is not well understood. To monitor offshore slow earthquakes, a marine seismic and geodetic experiment was conducted at the Hikurangi subduction margin from May 2014 to June 2015. During this experiment, a large slow slip event (Mw 6.8) occurred directly beneath the ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) network. In this study, S‐wave splitting and polarization analysis methods, which have been previously used on onshore data to investigate tremor and anisotropy, are applied to continuous OBS waveform data to identify tremors that are too small to detect by the envelope cross correlation method. Continuous tremor activity with stable polarization directions is detected at the end of the 2014 slow slip event and continued for about 2 weeks. The tremors are generated around a southwest bend in the slow slip contours and at the landward edge of a subducted seamount. Our findings corroborate a previous interpretation, based on burst‐type repeating earthquakes and intermittent tremor, that localized slow slip and tremor around the seamount was triggered by fluid migration following the large plate boundary slow slip event and indicate tremor occurred continuously rather than as isolated and sporadic individual events.

ADMM-Based Method for Estimating Magnetotelluric Impedance in the Time Domain

Traditional magnetotelluric (MT) impedance estimations are based on Fourier theory and carried out in the frequency domain, which has a strict stationarity requirement for the analyzed signal. However, the stationarity assumption cannot be satisfied when the data possess a low signal-to-noise ratio and/or a short observation period. These shortcomings can cause significant errors in the MT impedance estimations, especially in the low-to-medium frequency bands. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and polarization analysis of the electromagnetic signal can be attached to the time-domain MT impedance estimation to address these shortcomings. This time-domain technique calculates the impedance in the time domain without Fourier transformation, and the ADMM and polarization analysis are applied to further improve the stability and convergence of the impedance estimation. Here, we present an ADMM-based method for MT impedance estimations (ADMM-MT). Various noise are added to a noise-free MT signal to test the performance of ADMM-MT. The results show that ADMM-MT yields impedance estimates with relative recovery errors below 0.2, even when the signal-to-noise ratio of the data is 0 dB and the observation period is 60 min. We then apply ADMM-MT to field data in Inner Mongolia, China. The results indicate that the apparent resistivity curves obtained by ADMM-MT using a short time series are smooth over the 0.001–1-Hz band, which is consistent with the remote reference processing results obtained using a long time series. In contrast, the curves obtained by traditional robust estimation method are strongly biased.

Sparsity-Promoting Approach to Polarization Analysis of Seismic Signals in the Time–Frequency Domain

Time&#x2013;frequency (TF)-domain polarization analysis (PA) methods are widely used as a processing tool to decompose multicomponent seismic signals. However, as a drawback, they are unable to obtain sufficient resolution to discriminate between overlapping seismic phases, as they generally rely on a low-resolution time&#x2013;frequency representation (TFR) method. In this article, we present a new approach to the TF-domain PA methods. More precisely, we provide an in-detailed discussion on rearranging the eigenvalue decomposition polarization analysis (EDPA) formalism in the frequency domain to obtain the frequency-dependent polarization properties from the Fourier coefficients owing to the Fourier space orthogonality. Then, by extending the formulation to the TF domain and incorporating sparsity promoting TFR (SP-TFR), we improve the resolution when estimating the TF-domain polarization parameters. Finally, an adaptive SP-TFF is applied to extract and filter different phases of the seismic wave. By processing earthquake waveforms, we show that, by combining amplitude, directivity, and rectilinearity attributes on the sparse TF-domain polarization map of the signal, we are able to extract (or filter) different phases of seismic waves. The SP-TFF method is evaluated on synthetic and real data associated with the source mechanism of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{w}=8.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> earthquake that occurred in the south-southwest of Tres Picos, Mexico. A discussion on the results is given, verifying the efficiency of the method in separating not only the Rayleigh waves from the Love waves but also in discriminating them from the body and coda waves. The codes and datasets are available at <uri>https://github.com/SigProSeismology/SP-TFF</uri>, contributing to the geoscience community.

Study on the ULF Magnetic Field Generated by Earth Currents Relating to Large EQs

AbstractULF magnetic anomalies (f &lt; 1 Hz) have been observed prior to multiple large earthquakes (EQs) during the last three decades. A polarization analysis method was produced and applied in many EQ cases in order to discriminate the weak ULF crustal signals from other signals. Although many publications considered the parameter of polarization ratio (amplitude or power ratio of vertical magnetic field component to horizontal components), a key parameter in the polarization analysis method, useful to detect the possible magnetic signals associated with EQs, there were also many doubts on its reliability. The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibilities of the polarization ratio increases prior to large EQs based on the prevail assumption of Earth currents as the source of ULF emissions during the early stage of EQ preparation independent of the mechanism involved in producing the currents, and the parallel 3‐D finite‐difference time‐domain technique is applied to calculate the electromagnetic responses in the whole inhomogeneous Earth‐ionosphere waveguide. The contributions of the lightning discharges on ULF power are also evaluated based on the gridded flash counts included in the Lightning Imaging Sensor climatology data. The results reveal that the surface vertical magnetic field and polarization ratio are possible to increase locally around the epicenters as long as the intensity of the surface seismic magnetic fields are large enough compared with those produced by other sources. Unfortunately, the actual increases are usually difficult to be distinguished obviously mostly due to the weak seismic increases.

Seismic Source Tracking With Six Degree‐of‐Freedom Ground Motion Observations

AbstractBack azimuth (BAz) information can be determined from combined measurements of rotations and translations at a single site. Such six degree‐of‐freedom (6‐DoF) measurements are reasonably stable in delivering similar information compared to a small‐scale array of three‐component seismometers. Here we investigate whether a 6‐DoF approach is applicable to tracking seismic sources. While common approaches determining the timing and location of energy sources generating seismic waves rely on the information of P‐waves, here we use S‐waves. We track back azimuths of directly arriving SH‐waves in the two‐dimensional case, P‐converted SV‐waves, direct SV‐ and direct SH‐waves in the three‐dimensional case. For data analysis, we compare a cross‐correlation approach using a grid‐search optimization algorithm with a polarization analysis method. We successfully recover the rupture path and rupture velocity with only one station, under the assumption of an approximately known fault location. Using more than one station, rupture imaging in space and time is possible without a priori assumptions. We discuss the effects of rupture directivity, supershear rupture velocity, source‐receiver geometry, wavefield interference, and noise. We verify our approach with the analysis of moving traffic noise sources using 6‐DoF observations. The collocated classic seismometer and newly built ring laser gyroscope ROMY near Munich, Germany, allow us to record high‐fidelity, broadband 6‐DoF (particle velocity and rotational rate) ground motions. We successfully track vehicles and estimate their speed while traveling along a nearby highway using the estimated BAz as a function of time of a single station observation.

HALL CONDUCTIVITY ESTIMATES FROM MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDING DATA

Many minerals have semiconductor properties. It is known that petroleum reservoir rocks permeated with hydrocarbon fluids can sometimes behave as semiconductors. In the Earth’s magnetic field, the electrical conductivity of such materials becomes anisotropic, and the Hall effect is quite possible in rocks in natural conditions and detectable by magnetotelluric sounding. In the anisotropic medium, the field is subject to normal mode splitting, and its components show different attenuation coefficients and phase velocities. The modes differ due to polarization and rotation of the field vectors (clockwise in one mode, and counterclockwise in another). With account of the Hall effect, responses of the medium can be different when the medium is excited by a single normal wave. To detect the Hall effect in MTS surveys, we use the polarization analysis method and select the spectra of modes with right and left circular polarization. Special experiments were carried out to detect the contribution of the Hall effect during the MTS surveys. This article presents the first estimates of the Hall conductivity for the studied rocks.

Comparison study of three-component polarization analysis methods for seismic advanced detection in the roadway

Multicomponent seismic exploration makes up for the shortcomings of multiple solutions in conventional single-component seismic exploration for lithological identification and geological structure interpretation. Polarization analysis methods play a key role in the processing of multicomponent seismic data. However, when multiple types of waves are very close to each other, it is very difficult to characterize the polarization distribution of different waveforms using conventional time domain or time-frequency domain polarization analysis. In this paper, a time-frequency domain instantaneous polarization analysis method based on a time-frequency method of generalized S-transform is introduced. The instantaneous polarization parameters (polarization axis, polarizability, and planarization vector) can be calculated based on a time-frequency spectrum and instantaneous phase of multicomponent signal. The numerical simulation of three-component seismic advanced detection in the three-dimensional space shows the following results: the diffracted P-wave from a fault breakpoint has the characteristics of narrow wave train and fast speed, which make it easy to be identified. Besides, it is an effective wave for polarization analysis due to its distinct polarization characteristics. Combining the advantages of the time-frequency domain analysis method, this method is more accurate in waveform identification and more reliable in fault identification. Besides, this method provides better results than the conventional time-domain polarization analysis method.

Analysis of Polarization and Depolarization Currents of Samples of NOMEX®910 Cellulose–Aramid Insulation Impregnated with Mineral Oil

The article presents results of laboratory tests performed on samples of NOMEX®910 cellulose–aramid insulation impregnated with Nynas Nytro 10× inhibited insulating mineral oil using the polarization and depolarization current analysis method (PDC Method). In the course of the tests, the insulation samples were subjected to a process of accelerated thermal degradation of cellulose macromolecules, as well as weight-controlled dampening, thereby simulating the ageing processes occurring when using the insulation in power transformers. The effects of temperature in the ranges typical of normal transformer operation were also taken into account. On the basis of the obtained data, the activation energy was then fixed together with dominant time constants of cellulose–aramid insulation relaxation processes with respect to the temperature and degree of moisture, as well as thermal degradation of cellulose macromolecules. It was found that the greatest and predictable changes in the activation energy value were caused by the temperature and the degree of moisture in the samples. A similar conclusion applies to the dominant time constant of the relaxation process of cellulose fibers. Degree of thermal degradation samples was of marginal importance for the described parameters. The final outcome of the test results and analyses presented in the article are regression functions for the activation energy and the dominant time constants depending on the earlier listed parameters of the experiment, which may be used in the future diagnostics of the degree of technical wear of cellulose–aramid insulation performed using the PDC method.

Comparing Orientation Analysis Methods for a Shallow-Water Ocean-Bottom Seismometer Array in the Bohai Sea, China

ABSTRACT The horizontal orientation estimation of an ocean-bottom seismometer (OBS) is critical for providing reliable data for seismological studies. In this article, we applied three independent polarization analysis methods to estimate the absolute horizontal orientation of a pilot shallow-water OBS array in Bohai Sea, China. The OBS array was deployed in the autumn of 2018 and comprised 32 broadband seismometers lasting around 1 yr, aimed at investigating the geodynamics of North China craton and adjacent areas. The timings of the data were corrected through the correlation analysis of regional and teleseismic earthquake events, before the polarization analysis. Polarization analysis using P wave and Rayleigh wave, from both natural earthquakes and noise cross correlations, was performed. In total, 28 out of 29 stations obtained the effective estimates combining the three methods, of which 11 stations showed relatively robust results with variations well below 10° among the three methods. However, the superiority of one method over the others is not obvious. As there is a trade-off between the accepted final estimates and the number of qualified measurements defined by parameters such as the correlation coefficient threshold, window length, and filtering options, we investigated these effects using 15 different groups of parameters for the three methods, and the deviation statistics showed a distribution with the root mean square deviation of 9.2° for the whole array.

Comparative studies on the corrosion behavior of some Zr-based amorphous alloys having different compositions in nitric acid medium

The corrosion studies were performed on different composition of Zr-based bulk amorphous ribbon alloys such as Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10, Zr60Nb2Cu20Ni8Al10, Zr59Nb3Cu20Ni8Al10, Zr57Nb5Cu20Ni8Al10 and Zr60Pd5Cu15Ni10Al10 alloys at room temperature. The amorphous nature of all the above mentioned alloys was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion behavior was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization and weight loss analysis methods at room temperature. Surface morphology of these corroded samples were investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of the investigations revealed the fact that Nb containing Zr-based bulk amorphous alloys shows better corrosion resistance among all the investigated alloys due to the presence of Nb2O5. The presence of Nb2O5 on the surface of Nb containing Zr-based bulk amorphous alloy after immersion in HNO3 medium was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques.

Anisotropy of bovine nasal cartilage measured by Fourier transform infrared imaging

Fourier transform infrared imaging (FTIRI) can be used to obtain the composition and structure information of sample. Here, FTIRI combined with spectral polarization analysis method was applied to investigate the fine anisotropy of bovine nasal cartilage (BNC). The upper BNC tissue was sliced into a three-dimensional (3D) block with three planes (XY, YZ, and XZ) parallel to horizontal section, forward section, and lateral section, respectively. The anisotropy of collagen fiber in BNC was represented by the absorbance of amide II (1590–1500 cm−1) at different polarization directions. It was found that collagen fiber showed little anisotropy in plane XY, XZ, and along the direction Z in plane YZ. It was more important that collagen fiber showed strong anisotropy along direction Y in plane YZ (transverse axis) of BNC, possibly including arched or wavy fiber orientation even a mixture of both in nasal septum top end. Two anisotropic deflections ranging from 600 to 930 μm and from 2680 to 2980 μm were quantitatively calculated. This study is of important significance for further understanding the physiological structure of nasal septum and provides remarkable experimental support for being a good transplant material in cartilage reshaping studies.

Polarization simulation and analysis of residual birefringence in optical materials for a hyper-NA lithography illumination system.

A polarization simulation and analysis method was carried out for a hyper numerical apertures (NA) lithography illumination system which is affected by residual birefringence in optical materials. The lens is divided into multiple small annuli according to the finite element method, and the retardation distribution is obtained by setting the residual birefringence of each annulus. Finally, the polarized ray tracing is cleverly changed to geometric ray tracing. A hyper-NA lithography illumination system is modeled, and the residual birefringence is set between 0.1 nm/cm and 1 nm/cm. The simulation result shows that the degree of polarization performance degradation is proportional to the magnitude of residual birefringence, and the tolerance of residual birefringence in lens materials is below 1 nm/cm for the system. The polarization simulation and analysis method provides a powerful tool to calculate the polarized parameters of the system, which is helpful for selecting lens material of the hyper-NA illumination system.

Detection of non-small cell lung cancer cells based on microfluidic polarization microscopic image analysis.

In early diagnosis of lung cancer, a polarization microscopy is a powerful tool to obtain the optical information of biological tissues. In this paper, a new microfluidic polarization imaging and analysis method was proposed for the detection and classification of cancer-associated fibroblasts and the two kinds of non-small cell lung cancer cells, A549 and H322. A polarizing microscopy system was constructed based on a commercial microscope to obtain 3*3 Mueller matrix of cells. Based on the Muller matrix decomposition algorithm and analysis in spatial domain and frequency domain, appropriate classification parameters were selected for the characterization of different polarization characteristics of cells. Finally, the logistic regression models based on machine learning were applied to determine optimal feature parameters and classify cells. This method integrated the morphological information of the cells, and the polarization characteristics of the cells in different polarization states. It is for the first time that the polarization microscopic image analysis method has been applied to the detection and classification of non-small cell lung cancer cells. The results show that the presented microfluidic polarization microscopic image analysis method could classify cells effectively. Compared with the Muller matrix measurement and calculation methods, the method proposed in this paper was greatly simplified in both the acquisition of polarized images and the analysis and processing of polarized images.