Graphical Design Method Research Articles

Computer Models Assist Innovative Design of Graphic Arts

In order to study the theory and application of computer aided design (CAD) related to the composition of art, the theory of symbolic matrix was introduced to realize the purpose of the study of the interaction between perceptual and rational problems. In this paper, the original image was extracted from the design object, and the transformation between the original image and the symbol matrix was realized by the correspondence with the elements in the matrix. Based on the research route, four kinds of mathematical models were established, namely random distribution, symmetric distribution, central diffusion, and reorganization. By applying the mathematical model constructed in this paper, the picture was transformed, the combination of various styles of graphics was added, and how to put the simple image picture into a meaningful integrated image picture was discussed. The computer-aided design method of the existing verification examples was summarized in this paper, and the design method was accurate and effective. Compared with traditional graphic art design methods, the computer-aided design method mentioned in the paper has the following advantages. Computer-aided design can quickly process and analyze images, convert and combine them through mathematical models and algorithms, greatly saving designers time and energy. By introducing symbol matrix theory and establishing various mathematical models, computer-aided design can provide diverse graphic combinations and style transformations, helping designers explore more innovative design solutions.

Perancangan Signage Dan Wayfinding di Pantai Nongsa Batam

Nongsa Beach in Batam is an increasingly popular tourist destination, facing challenges in providing an effective signage and wayfinding system. The lack of a clear information system often causes confusion among visitors, especially for first-time visitors. This research aims to design signage and wayfinding systems that not only improve readability and understanding of information, but also enrich the visitor experience by creating a more organized and accessible environment. This study uses the environmental graphic design (EGD) method which is limited to predesign and design. Data collection was taken from observation, interviews and literature studies and analyzed. The results of the data analysis were used to design Signage and Wayfinding at Nongsa Beach, Batam.

The expanding scope of ship design practice

As the former International Chair of IMDC, the initiator of the continuing series of IMDC State of Art (SoA) Reports and the lead author of most IMDC SoA Reports on design methodology from 1997 to 2018, the author has both pioneered and observed an increasingly broader scope in the practice of the design of particularly complex vessels. The paper commences with reviewing some key publications, not just to recent IMDCs, that have tracked the manner in which “ship design” (in the broadest sense) has become more sophisticated – especially in the crucial early stages of design. The diversity of ship design practice, not just due to computer-based methods, is readily observable. Moreover, the impact of computer aided design in ship design has not just been to better analyse ship performance (e. g. in hydrodynamics, strength and ship infrastructure systems behaviour) but also in the increasing use of graphical tools and design methods to enable “better ship design”. In a growing number of, mainly, academic centres, but also in some government agencies and design consultancies, there is a clear desire to better understand how to design “ships” and to manage the ship design process, especially for the most complex and novel classes of vessels. In particular, the objectives being sought when conceptualising and synthesising a range of ship options (as part of the requirement elucidation approach) in an ever-increasing scoping of the relevant issues, amounts to developing a more holistic approach. This is not just due to an increasingly complex ship acquisition and ownership environment, but also due to environmental and socio-economic (especially system safety) concerns. Overlaying all this are the opportunities or the spectre of Artificial Intelligence (or perhaps more immediately those of Machine Learning) and its likely impact on engineering practice as well as those other professions in the “marine design enterprise”. The paper concludes by emphasising that while ship design has distinct differences, when compared with most other large scale engineering design practice, the lead ship design profession of the naval architect has somehow to deal with this expanding scope in the practice of “ship design”. This means the education and on the job development thrust must broaden if the ship design profession is not to be side-lined into acting as mere hull engineers. It is argued, such a specific role will be more vulnerable in an increasingly Machine Learning dominated future, than the holistic ship creating and systems architectural alternative. Finally an ambitious vision for future ship designers is given alongside a summary of the specific main contributions by the author to ship design methodology.

Evaluation of the ACAP analysis method for process-based validation of textual and graphical design methods

The targeted improvement of design methods requires validation studies to record and evaluate difficulties in the application of the investigated methods. Current analysis methods for the validation of design methods are limited to the collection and evaluation of the design outcome and do not consider the applicability of the design method. In this paper, the authors evaluate an analysis method which, in addition to the benefits of a design method, also detects difficulties in its applicability. The Attention-Comprehension-Application-Performance analysis (ACAP analysis) method has been newly developed for this purpose. It investigates the applicability and captures metrics attention, comprehension, and correctness of application as well as the benefit of the design method. To evaluate the ACAP analysis method, a method for sheet metal design was examined in a laboratory study with 25 university students with mechanical engineering as their major subject. The results of the evaluation showed that the ACAP analysis method (1) identifies difficulties in the applicability of the design method; (2) determines the benefit of the design method; and (3) captures the impact of the identified difficulties on the benefit. Thus, the ACAP analysis method can evaluate causes of existing difficulties using objective metrics.

Research on 3D Animation Scene Plane Design Based on Deep Learning

Abstract At present, most graphic design methods of 3D animation scenes only get a small part of 3D animation scenes, and all of them are in a 3D coordinate system, with observers as the core, so it is difficult to express the depth information of 3D animation scenes. This project intends to study a plane design method for 3D animation scenes based on deep learning. CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) is used to build a multi-view 3D animation scene generation network, and 3D geometry and structure of objects are reconstructed through multiple or a group of images. On this basis, the feature extraction method of 3D animation scenes is studied, and the collaborative learning model of multiple networks is established to improve the modeling accuracy of 3D animation scenes. The experimental results show that the network model is superior to the method based on multi-view and 0-1 voxel in detecting retrieval performance, and the accuracy rate can reach 91.725%. The multi-view 3D animation scene generation method in this paper has achieved better results than the current advanced methods, which proves that the multi-view feature fusion network proposed in this paper is a more reasonable method to fuse multi-view image features.

Inovasi Melalui Desain: Model R&D Yang Diperbarui Dengan Metode Perancangan Desain Grafis Pada Konteks Pengembangan Buku Ajar Yang Kreatif

This research aims to update the research and development (R&D) model by integrating graphic design design methods to improve quality and creativity in textbook development. By modifying the Dick, Carey, & Carey development model and applying the design thinking method approach. The research method focuses on creating innovation through three related stages, namely Needs Identification and Preliminary Research, Conceptual Framework Analysis, and Prototype Development. The research resulted in a modification of the development model that is more responsive and adaptive to contemporary needs in the world of education. With 4 steps the development stages become simpler. Called the Ir-FAN development model: 1) Identification & Research stages of problem identification with in-depth research; 2) Design phase, is the planning and design stage; 3) Reflection activities, implementation and evaluation stages; and 4) Effective value that can be achieved, the final stage is optimization and development.

Information support for the creation of a special purpose quadrocopter dropping mechanism

This article described the concept of a dropping mechanism for a special purpose quadcopter using graphical design methods. Also described is the information support for the creation of a dropping mechanism for special purpose quadcopters with wide modification possibilities, ease of maintenance of the dropping mechanism, and most importantly - with a low cost in the execution of the mechanism. The article described the developed and implemented dropping mechanism for special-purpose quadcopters with a wide range of modernization possibilities and fairly easy operational characteristics, namely: the dropping mechanism is designed to deliver cargo with a payload of up to 8 kg. During the implementation of the project, information support for the creation of a dropping mechanism for special-purpose quadcopters was described, in particular: a graphical calculation of the strength of the dropping mechanism under the conditions of payloads of different weights was performed and it was found that with a payload of up to 8 kg, the structure of the dropping mechanism can withstand the required load. A 3D model of the dropping mechanism was made, which combines ease of maintenance and wide possibilities for modernization. After the analysis of existing mechanisms, the basic form factor of the mechanism and its purpose were determined. Focusing on the calculations and construction of the developed dropping mechanism, an experimental model of the dropping mechanism was made using 3D printing.

A quasi-2D thermodynamic model for performance analysis and optimization of liquid hydrogen storage system with multilayer insulation and vapor-cooled shield

Liquid hydrogen (LH2) holds great potential in both aerospace and civil markets due to its high energy density. However, on account of the low boiling point and latent heat of vaporization of LH2, the high performance insulation storage system is the key to its efficient storage. One of the most efficient insulation methods for a LH2 storage system is considered to be Variable Density Multilayer Insulation (VDMLI) coupled with Vapor-Cooled Shield (VCS). This study establishes a quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) thermodynamic model of liquid hydrogen storage system with VDMLI and VCS. The quasi-2D model incorporates the temperature gradient of VCS and its impact on VDMLI. The model can reveal the two-dimensional temperature and heat distribution in insulation systems, predict heat leakage and evaporation rate, and can be utilized for optimizing the design of the VCS structure. Using a NASA's tank as an example, the analysis conducted with the model indicates that the presence of VCS reduces the average temperature gradient of the inner VDMLI. The upper half of the tank exhibits a significantly smaller temperature gradient compared to the lower half, resulting in lower heat leakage. This effect becomes more pronounced as the VCS moves outward of the tank. Additionally, the VCS absorbs more heat in the inlet section than that in the outlet section, and this disparity becomes increasingly significant as the VCS moves outward of the tank. The model can also be employed to optimize the position of the VCS, resulting in a 69.73 % reduction in daily evaporation rate compared to NASA's original design. Lastly, a graphical method for the quick design of VCS structure is proposed which is based on calculated data for daily evaporation rate and apparent thermal conductivity. This method enables the retrieval of the corresponding apparent thermal conductivity based on the desired evaporation rate, facilitates the rapid determination of the range of VCS position, and allows for the quick prediction of the evaporation rate based on the VCS position. In conclusion, this research presents a new approach for the performance analysis and optimization design of liquid hydrogen storage system with VDMLI and VCS.

Retracted: The Method of Graphic Design Using 3D Virtual Vision Technology

Retracted: The Method of Graphic Design Using 3D Virtual Vision Technology

The Intersection of Fine Art and Graphic Design: An Analysis of Contemporary Artists and Designers Blurring the Line between Art and Design

In recent years, there has been an increasing trend of contemporary artists and designers blurring the line between fine art and graphic design, leading to a fascinating intersection of the two fields. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of this intersection by exploring the works of selected contemporary artists and designers who have integrated fine art principles into their graphic design practices. Through an analysis of their approaches and techniques, this paper demonstrates how these artists and designers have challenged traditional notions of design and art and created a new aesthetic language that bridges the gap between the two fields. By comparing the visual language and aesthetics of fine art and graphic design in their works, this paper highlights how the boundaries between the two fields have become increasingly blurred, leading to new forms of creative expression. This paper further examines the impact of this intersection on the art and design industry, including its influence on design trends and practices and its impact on the perception of design as a field and its status in the art world. By analysing the advantages and limitations of integrating fine art into graphic design, this paper provides insight into the benefits and challenges of this trend and its potential implications for the future of the industry. This paper contributes to understanding the intersection of fine art and graphic design by exploring its impact on the contemporary art and design landscape and providing a framework for further exploration and integration of fine art principles in graphic design. By highlighting the work of contemporary artists and designers who have pushed the boundaries of traditional design and art, this paper showcases the exciting possibilities that arise from this intersection and offers a glimpse into the future of the art and design industry. In recent years, there has been a growing tendency of modern artists and designers to blur the barrier between fine art and graphic design, leading to a fascinating confluence of the two areas. This has resulted in a fascinating junction of the two fields. This article presents an in-depth investigation of this confluence by examining the works of a selection of modern artists and designers who have incorporated fine art concepts into their graphic design methods. These artists and designers come from a variety of artistic backgrounds. This article explains how a group of artists and designers have challenged traditional concepts of design and art and how they have built a new aesthetic language that bridges the gap between the two areas through a study of the methods and techniques that the group has utilized. This article highlights how the boundaries between the fields of fine art and graphic design have become increasingly blurred, leading to new forms of creative expression by comparing the visual language and aesthetics of fine art and graphic design in the works of both fields' respective practitioners. In this article, we investigate the impact that this junction has had on the art and design sector, including its influence on design trends and practices and its impact on how people see design as a discipline and its position in the art world. This study offers insight into the benefits and problems of this trend, as well as the possible consequences it may have for the future of the industry, by analysing the advantages and constraints of incorporating fine art into graphic design. This paper contributes to the understanding of the intersection of fine art and graphic design by examining the impact that intersection has had on the landscape of contemporary art and design and by providing a framework for further exploration of the intersection and incorporating fine art principles into graphic design. This article highlights the work of contemporary artists and designers who have pushed the boundaries of traditional art and design to demonstrate the exciting possibilities arising from these two fields. It also provides a glimpse into the future of the art and design industry.

A Graphic Weighting Factor Design Method for Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control of Power Converters

Finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) has been widely used in the control of power converters. However, for converters with multiple optimization objectives, the design of the weighting factors in the cost function is a tricky problem. To solve the weighting factor design problem in multiobjective FCS-MPC, a graphic weighing factor design method is proposed in this article. First, the discrete control variables are taken into the prediction model to determine the state boundaries of each control objective under all the system states. Then, the priorities and weighting factors of the control objectives are determined and designed by adjusting the intersection area of these state boundaries, so as to optimize the system performance. Finally, the operating condition feedback is introduced to realize an adaptive adjusting of the weighting factors so that the relationship of the state boundaries between different control objectives will not be affected by the change of system operating condition, and the controller robustness can be guaranteed. Analysis and experiment are carried out based on the parallel three-level dc–dc system. The results show that the proposed method can effectively solve the weighting factor design problem of multiobjective FCS-MPC. It is simple, efficient, and robust.

Graphical Multiple-Error Feedback Matrix Design for Stability and Robustness Enhancement of Speed-Sensorless Induction Motor Drives

For speed-sensorless induction motor (IM) drives, the feedback matrix is a significant technique to enhance the stability in low-speed regenerating region. However, further analyzes show it has difficulty for existing methods in maintaining the stability and robustness with parameter uncertainties. To cope with this problem, in this article, a graphical design method of multiple-error feedback matrix (ME-FBM) is presented for adaptive full-order observer. First, the flux error is introduced by projection of current error. Adopting flux error and current error, the ME-FBM is graphically developed to satisfy the stability necessary condition by reconstructing the stability function. As a result, the unstable region is eliminated during low-speed regenerating mode. On this basis, the gains of ME-FBM is graphically selected to reduce the error of estimated rotor flux and improve the robustness against parameter uncertainties at low-stator frequencies. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed ME-FBM is verified on a 2.2 kW IM experimental setup.

(Retracted) Multidimensional graphic art design method based on visual analysis technology in intelligent environment

In the last few years, the artificial intelligence technology has provided unique methods for design analysis in the art field. With the development of China’s economy and cultural prosperity, graphic design has changed people’s lives greatly. Under the concept of modern scientific and technological creation, the variety, scale, and plasticity of graphic design art are constantly improving, and the diversification of design elements is becoming the development trend. We designed a graphic art element recognition model based on single shot multibox detector (SSD) method through deep learning of visual processing technology. This method can automatically identify various elements in multidimensional graphic art works, thus helping artists and learners analyze an art work better. In this method, we take the SSD structure as the main model backbone and use the improved attention mechanism module feature pyramid transformer to replace the original feature fusion module, inject long-distance dependency into the model, and improve the accuracy of object detection. In addition, we use the public dataset to make the relevant image target detection dataset. Different object detection evaluation metrics are used to evaluate the proposed methods, and several existing methods are selected for comparative experiments. Compared with YOLO V5 object detection model, our method improves 0.53%, 0.67%, 1.33%, and 1.28% on pixel accuracy, mean pixel accuracy, average recall, and mean intersection over union, respectively. The proposed algorithm has a great contribution to the performance improvement of object detection and the auxiliary analysis of multidimensional works of art.

Modeling, Stability, and Design of the Single-Phase SOGI-Based Phase-Locked Loop Considering the Frequency Feedback Loop Effect

For single-phase grid-connected inverters, the second-order generalized integrator-based phase-locked loop (SOGI-PLL) is widely used for good harmonics attenuation and frequency adaptability. However, existing studies usually neglect the frequency feedback loop in the modeling and design process, and thus, the potential instability caused by the frequency feedback loop is not well explained. Besides, the improper design of SOGI-PLL can lead to the inverter instability both under ideal and weak grid conditions. Therefore, by fully considering the coupling of the frequency feedback loop, this article establishes an accurate model for SOGI-PLL. Furthermore, effects of different PLL parameters on behaviors of both the SOGI-PLL itself and the inverter are studied, based on which a graphical method for PLL parameters design is proposed. As proved, the frequency feedback loop can deteriorate the stability and performance of both SOGI-PLL itself and inverter system, especially if rapid transient is expected. The modeling method is also extended to the low-pass filter-SOGI-PLL and the improved parameters design is discussed. Experimental results verify the correctness of the proposed PLL model and the abovementioned analysis results. The proposed model is helpful to deeply reveal the instability mechanism and provides a reference for the PLL design under nonideal grid conditions.

A Multidisciplinary Approach Toward Improving Bus Schedule Readability

Printed schedules are critical to mass transit mobility, perhaps no more so than to bus transit users who often embark from locations where information is not provided. For economic reasons, they also rely heavily on transit. Schedules are their lifeline. After becoming concerned with the readability of its bus schedules, New Jersey Transit (NJT) enlisted an interdisciplinary research and design team from the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) to analyze, redesign, and test the agency’s bus timetables over an 18-month period beginning in 2003. The process included precedent research, community outreach, graphic design, laboratory testing, and survey methods. It began with a literature survey and review of timetables produced by other agencies. Two focus groups were convened to incorporate user viewpoints. Based on these methods and acknowledging the institutional and production constraints of the agency, two prototype timetables were designed for one of the agency’s most complex bus routes. The prototypes and the current schedule for the route were time-tested in a laboratory with 30 participants. A survey was given to the same participants. The analysis of the experimental data was partially inconclusive due to high error rates for all schedules tested. However, in the survey, a majority of participants showed preference for aspects developed in the prototypes, offering the agency important production recommendations regarding font sizes, text orientation and graphic display methods, as well as institutional directives regarding data transfer, maps, zone designations, passenger information, and telephone contacts. This article recounts this process and offers to the larger transit community the conclusions of this interdisciplinary approach, not combined in this manner before, to make bus transit more attractive and efficient.

Visual Memory Neural Network for Artistic Graphic Design

Artistic graphic design is the aesthetic result of the designer’s fusion of various elements, with a high degree of independence. Considering the lack of significant visual design scope and aesthetic indicators of graphic design, our research aims to build an upgraded network model that can categorize different types of artistic graphics with labels and realize the free combination of graphic solutions. We realize the scheme reorganization of artistic graphic design from the perspective of computer vision and propose the artistic graphic design method based on memory neural network. We built a computer vision environment and reconstructed the computer vision network to set up an independent deep camera vision range calculation law. Considering the artistic graphic region segmentation problem, we propose the self-attentive mechanism, which can quantitatively segment different artistic graphic regions according to temporal features, before arranging them in a sequence to obtain the graphic region feature vector. We also add the LSTM structure based on the attention mechanism to match with the self-attention features of the graphical region segmentation module and pass the matched attention feature vector to the LSTM network to extract the labeled text feature information of the graphs. To test the effectiveness of our method, we build a database of artistic graphics and set up an adaptive training process. We also compared deep learning methods of the same type, and the experimental results proved that our method outperformed other deep methods in artistic graphic design by keeping the scheme reorganization accuracy and quantitative evaluation of artistic models above 90%.

Application of Computer 3D Modeling Technology in Graphic Image Design.

In order to solve the problem that the manual input data work efficiency is low and the optimization cannot be achieved in the section modulus calculation, the author proposes a computer-aided 3D graphic design method for ship hull structure. First, complete the modeling of the ship hull, complete the statistical calculation of the size in the CAD platform, solve the static moment, and complete the three-dimensional modeling; Calculate the inertial load and wave load of the ship during work, and calculate the wave bending moment, and substitute it into the three-dimensional model for verification. Finally, according to the computer-aided three-dimensional graphic design process, the specification verification of the ship's scale is completed, the graphic file is associated with the database, and the three-dimensional graphic design is completed. Experimental results show that the maximum stress of the original three-dimensional integrated graphic design of the ship is 202 MPa, and the maximum deformation is 87.352 mm. Based on the computer-aided three-dimensional integrated graphic design of the ship, the maximum stress is 226 MPa, and the maximum deformation is 76.234 mm. In conclusion: the hull obtained by the computer-aided three-dimensional graphic design of the ship can effectively reduce the total area and materials of the midsection structure of the ship, reduce the weight of the hull, and realize the optimal configuration of the midsection material of the ship.

Application Research of Graphic Design Based on Information Resource-Sharing and Big Data Technology

The field of graphic design is an important industry rising in recent years if a new graphic design solution requires the designer to design from the ground up, it will consume a lot of time and material resources. The information resource-sharing platform already has many element characteristics to provide the designer to carry on the reference, and this will greatly save the designer time and the material resources. The traditional graphic design method will consume some resources only by relying on the designer and the solutions designed by this method may not be innovative enough. This research will design a graphic design system and management method from the point of data and big data of information resource-sharing platform. The results show that the IRM platform can obtain more effective successful cases of graphic design feature data. The clustering method and CNN method can effectively deal with the pattern feature, color feature, shape feature, and character feature of graphic design. It can not only effectively analyze the feature data value of graphic design but also fits well with the trend of data values. This is a valuable research work for graphic designers. The largest prediction error is only 2.34%, and this part of the error mainly comes from the prediction of pattern features of graphic design. All other forecast errors are within 2.03%.

Retraction Note: Visualization of trans-basin water transfer project and English translation teaching based on parallel computing

It is impossible for people to survive and develop without water, so water resources are an indispensable natural resource. Water resources are also a major strategic resource and play a great role in ensuring the stability and healthy development of the country and society. Parallel data processing involves the integration of multiple resources for cooperation. Parallel computing includes two ways: parallel computing in time and parallel computing in space. Time parallel is the calculation method of pipeline state, and spatial parallel is the simultaneous calculation of several computing systems. English translation is the innovation and improvement of English translation teaching in the classroom. Use information network technology to guide students to provide guidance and help to the courses before and after class and during class. Visualization of English translation education is mainly to teach knowledge to students through visual means, so as to teach and continue knowledge. The main method is to transform the original textual description method into a graphic design method, to reflect the linear expression of the presentation through multiple dimensions, to transform limited thinking into pioneering thinking, and to encourage students to construct the meaning of knowledge. This new course method is mainly based on students as the main element to create a framework for English classroom translation. By guiding students to establish relevant knowledge structures and using innovative methods and methods of smart classroom education, students can learn and communicate related courses in English, thereby improving the practical applicability of students’ English translation.

Synthesis of heat‐integrated pressure‐swing azeotropic distillation using a graphical pinch analysis

AbstractA new graphical method for the fundamental design of pressure‐swing distillation (PSD) and valid heat integration of the designed process is demonstrated based on a pinch analysis. As the minimum pressure constraint, the pinch pressure is determined by this graphical method to secure the necessary temperature driving force and circumvent the distillation boundaries. For a feasibility evaluation of heat‐integrated PSD (HIPSD), the suggested approach requires visualization of the pinch temperature contours and the feasible composition region of an initial feed according to the pressure change and dynamic properties of ternary azeotropic systems. We thus carried out an in‐depth examination by conducting case studies to show the feasible integration into HIPSD. The new insight is that the HIPSD system can have different pinch pressures depending on the column sequence or the separation order of pure components. In addition, the analysis verifies that energy‐efficient HIPSD can be generated by considering pinch constraints.