Electrospinning Method Research Articles

Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes: Waterproofing and Acoustic Performance for Air and Acoustic Vents in Electronics.

Advancements in electronic devices demand materials capable of exceptional performance in various challenging environments. This study presents polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nonwoven membranes with controlled porosity, created using an air-guided electrospinning method, followed by a calendaring process. These membranes exhibit a combination of water-repellent properties and sound transmission capabilities, making them ideal candidates for use in air and acoustic vents in electronic systems. A key feature of our membrane is the three-dimensional nanostructured pores, ranging from 0.20 to 0.76 μm, with a mean pore size of 0.51 μm, achieved through the formation of randomly arranged long nanofibers. By employing both experimental and theoretical methods, we achieved impressive performance metrics: air permeability of 0.86 cm3/cm2/s, water contact angles up to 139.3°, and breakthrough pressure as low as 0.27 MPa. Our PVDF nonwoven membranes maintain an optimal balance of stiffness, density, and air permeability, leading to exceptionally low sound transmission loss values ranging between -10 and -40 dBV/Pa, all while preserving their structural integrity. These findings contribute to the development of next-generation waterproof and acoustically permeable membranes, offering enhanced performance capabilities in demanding operational scenarios. This work advances the field of nanomaterials, environmental engineering, and acoustic technologies, with the potential to influence the design of future electronic devices.

Se Vacancy Activated Bi2Se3 Nanodots Encapsulated in Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Aqueous Zinc and Ammonium Ion Batteries

AbstractBismuth‐based materials show great potential in aqueous batteries. But it is difficult to design a bifunctional bismuth‐based material for zinc and ammonium ion batteries (ZIBs and AIBs). Herein, a electrospinning method followed by a selenization strategy is used to design Bi2Se3 nanodots embedded in porous carbon nanofibers. Experimental studies coupled with theoretical calculations prove that the designs of nanodot and Se vacancy improve the transfer and storage of Zn2+ and NH4+. Bi2Se3 nanodots are restricted to porous carbon nanofibers during cyclic test. An insertion‐type mechanism is revealed by ex situ characterizations. As a result, this well‐designed electrode (6 mg cm−2) offers high reversible capacities of 270 mA h g−1 in ZIBs and 192 mA h g−1 in AIBs at 0.05 A g−1 and long‐term cycle life (60% capacity retention at 10 A g−1 after 20 K cycles for ZIBs, 78% capacity retention at 2 A g−1 after 9 K cycles for AIBs). Remarkably, it still displays satisfactory performances even at an ultrahigh mass loading of 18 mg cm−2. Furthermore, Zn2+ and NH4+ full cells offer high reversible capacities of 120 and 90 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 respectively. This work provides a reference for designing a bifunctional electrode.

Isolation of chitosan-melanin complex from black soldier fly adults and obtaining nanofibrous materials based on it

The article presents the results of studying the viscosity of chitosan-melanin complex solutions from the larvae of the insect Hermetia illucens and the process of gelation in these solutions in the presence of crosslinking reagents. Chemically cross-linked nanofibers were obtained from solutions of the chitosan-melanin complex in dilute solutions of acetic acid by the method of spinneretless electrospinning. The presence of 14% melanin made it possible to reduce the concentration of acetic acid in the spinning composition.

Optimizing symmetric supercapacitor performance through rational design of Zr/Cu/Fe Oxide-Modified Poly(vinyl alcohol) hybrid nanofibers

Present work, ZrO2/CuO/PVA (ZC-PVA), ZrO2/Fe2O3/PVA (ZF-PVA) and ZrO2/CuO/Fe2O3/PVA (ZCF-PVA) nanofibers were synthesized by cost effective electrospinning method. The ZCF-PVA nanofiber prepared in this study were subjected to analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, individually. XRD was employed to ascertain both the structure and crystallite size of the synthesized materials. SEM and FT-IR analysis were used to identify the morphology and functional groups present in the prepared ZC-PVA, ZF-PVA and ZCF-PVA nanofibers. XPS confirmed the surface elemental composition and oxidation states of Zr4+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ in ZCF-PVA nanofiber comprising ZrO2, CuO, and α-Fe2O3. In three electrode configuration ZCF-PVA nanofiber shows significantly higher specific capacitance of 824F/g at 1 A/g current density under 1 M KOH. The generation of synergic effect between multi valence oxidation states of mixed metal oxides and polymer (ZCF-PVA) enhances the capacitive behavior. The ZCF-PVA symmetric device exhibits 184F/g at 0.5 A/g current density with 91 % capacitance retention and 94 % of coulombic efficiency even after 5000 cycles at 3 A/g of current density.

Setaria viridis-like hierarchical structure TiN nanofibers for high-performance supercapacitor

A setaria viridis-like TiN nanofibers with hierarchical structure (noted HSTFs) is synthesized via electrospinning and hydrothermal method. The results reveal that the synthesized HSTFs nanofibers belong to the TiN crystalline phase. The surface of the fibers is uniformly distributed with pore-structured nanorods, which have an average diameter of 55 nm. The HSTFs exhibits a higher specific surface area. Comparing to the TFs||TFs symmetric supercapacitor device, the HSTFs||HSTFs device demonstrates a significantly higher specific capacitance of 177 F g−1 at a current density of 10 mA g−1. The enhanced electrochemical performance is attributed to the hierarchical and porous structure of TiN fibers, which provides a larger surface contact area and more active sites. This structure is conducive to the construction of a conductive network and improves the reversible proton insertion and chemisorption of electrolyte-electron. This research presents a promising approach for the design and synthesizes of high-performance supercapacitor materials.

Synthesis of Nixp/C Nanofibers As Interlayer and Sulfur Host for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSB) have a high theoretical capacity (1675 mAh g − 1) and energy density (2600 Wh kg−1), making them one of the most promising energy storage systems. 1 However, it has some limitations, such as “shuttle effect” of polysulfides and high volume expansion, causing poor cycle performance of the battery.The transition metal phosphides with carbon materials as sulfur host for LSB have attracted extensive scientific focus due to the large surface area and strong chemisorption ability. Moreover, high electrical conductivity of carbon-based material and the chemical adsorption effect of Ni-P phase can reduce the “shuttle effect”, and improve the cyclability of the material. 2,3 In this work, nickel phosphide carbon composite (NixP/C) nanofibers were synthesized using a water-soluble carbon source polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and cost-effective electrospinning method. The impact of humidity on the physical and electrochemical characteristics of the electrospun NixP/C nanofibers was studied, utilizing them as interlayer and sulfur host material for LSB.The NixP/C nanofibers were synthesized using an electrospinning machine from PVP, nickel nitrate hexahydrate, and phosphoric acid as precursors. The nanofibers were electrospun at 18 kV voltage and 0.8 mL h–1 flow rate. The electrospinning humidity (RH) varied between 19-35%. Obtained nanofibers were dried at 110 ºC for 11 h. Finally, prepared fibers were annealed at 700 ºC for 1 h with a heating rate of 5 ºC min-1 in the N2 + H2 (4%) atmosphere.The crystalline phases of the final products were observed using X-Ray diffraction (XRD, Miniflex, Rigaku). The microstructure was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM-1400 Plus, JEOL). According to the results shown in Figure 1, Ni2P with a hexagonal structure and the space group of P62m, and Ni12P5 with a tetragonal structure, space group of 87:I4/m were formed. Nanoparticles of NixP are uniformly distributed within the carbon fiber matrix (inset).The NixP/C freestanding mats were embedded as a sulfur host or interlayer for LSB in CR2032 coin-type cells. 1 M Li2S6 catholyte solution and 1 M LiTFSI in 1,3- dioxolane (DOL)/1,2 dimethoxyethane (DME) (v/v, 1:1) with 2 wt% of LiNO3 were used as a source of sulfur and electrolyte, respectively. Further details and obtained results will be presented at the conference. Acknowledgements This research was funded by the projects AP13068219 “Development of multifunctional free-standing carbon composite nanofiber mats”, and AP19675260 “Development of nanofibrous electrode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries” from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Preparation and properties of PCL coaxial electrospinning films with shell loaded with CEO and core coated LEO nanoemulsions

During storage and transportation, the reduction of microbial contamination and management of the exudation of fluids from the fish can effectively mitigate spoilage and degradation of fish fillets. In this work, the coaxial electrospinning films loaded with natural plant preservatives, namely laurel essential oil (LEO) and clove essential oil (CEO), were prepared by the coaxial electrospinning method synergistic with nanoemulsion techniques, and the hydrophilic preservation pads were prepared. The morphology of the film fiber is clear, without beads or damage, with fiber diameters falling within the 230–260 nm range. It has a distinct core–shell structure, exceptional thermal stability, and strong antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The core–shell structure of the fiber subtly regulates the release of preservatives and significantly improves the utilization efficiency. At the same time, the synergistic use of two essential oils can reduce the amount while amplifying their effectiveness. The pads significantly slowed down the increase of key indicators of spoilage, such as total viable count (TVC), pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA), and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), during the storage of the fish fillets. Furthermore, the pads effectively slowed down the decline in water-holding capacity, the deterioration of textural qualities, and the negative changes in the microstructure of the fish muscle. Ultimately, the pads notably delayed the spoilage of fish fillets, extending their shelf life from 5 d to 9 d. The efficient utilization of biological preservatives in this film can provide technical support for the development of food preservation materials.

Electrospun polyacrylonitrile reinforced greenly synthesized iron oxide nanocomposite fibers sheet for remediation of azithromycin from water

The contamination of water bodies by pharmaceuticals, such as azithromycin (AZM), poses significant environmental concerns. In this study, electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) reinforced with greenly synthesized iron oxide nanocomposite (PAN@Fe2O3) fibers sheet was prepared for the removal of azithromycin from water. The Fe2O3 nanopowder was synthesized via a facile and eco-friendly method using natural extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents. Then synthesized nanoparticles powder was incorporated in PAN surface by using simple electrospinning method. The morphology, structure, and composition of the nanocomposite fibers were characterized using XRD, FTIR, BET, FESEM and HRTEM analytical techniques. Utilising a molecular dynamics (MD) method, the mechanical characteristics of the PAN@Fe2O3 nanocomposite were theoretically examined. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption capacity of the nanocomposite fibers for AZM removal from aqueous solutions. The effects of various parameters such as dose, pH, contact time and initial AZM concentration on the adsorption process were investigated. The results demonstrated excellent adsorption performance, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 73.49 mg/g at pH=7. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics and isotherms were analysed to understand the adsorption mechanism and equilibrium behaviour. Furthermore, for a minimum of four adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorbent may be cycled and regenerate in succession.

Syntheses, characterization, luminescent and magnetic properties of polymer bifunctional fibers containing terbium complexes and Fe3O4 nanoparticles

The combination of electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles is opening up potential in the field of bifunctional materials. Herein, polystyrene (PS, Mw ≈ 260, 000), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP, Mw ≈1, 300, 000), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA, Mw ≈ 350, 000) bifunctional fibers containing Tb(acac)3phen complexes (acac: acetylacetone, phen: 1,10-phenanthroline) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by single-fluid electrospinning method. The structure of bifunctional microfibers was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy spectrum (EDAX) and infrared spectrum (IR). The average diameters of PS, PVP and PMMA bifunctional fibers are 1.65, 0.313 and 0.571 μm, respectively. The TEM images indicated that Fe3O4 NPs were successfully incorporated into bifunctional fibers. No absorption peaks of terbium complexes and Fe3O4 NPs can be seen in the IR spectra of bifunctional fibers. The luminescent and magnetic properties of bifunctional fibers were also investigated. Due to the change of ligands environment, the main excitation peaks blue shifted about 5–8 nm in the bifunctional fibers. Bifunctional fibers exhibited characteristic emission of Tb3+ ions. The polymers have no effect on the fluorescence lifetimes of terbium complexes. All bifunctional fibers were soft ferromagnetic. In addition, mechanical performances of these nanofibers were also studied. The maximum stress, strain corresponding to the maximum stress and elastic modulus of sample PVP-Fe-Tb is the largest, which indicates that the tensile performance of sample PVP-Fe-Tb is the best.

Design and fabrication of highly aligned poly(l‐lactide‐co‐ε‐caprolactone) nanofiber yarns and braided textiles

AbstractAn approach that combines a modified electrospinning method with thermal stretching post‐treatment is designed to fabricate poly(l‐lactide‐co‐ε‐caprolactone) (PLCL) electrospun nanofiber yarns (ENYs). The nanofiber diameter in the PLCL ENYs is found to present an increasing trend with the increasing of polymeric concentration. When the PLCL concentration reaches 13% (w/v), the as‐generated ENYs show bead‐free and uniform nanofibrous structure. Then, a thermally stretching technique is applied to process the primarily‐obtained PLCL ENYs. When the stretching temperature is set as 60 °C, the thermally‐stretched PLCL ENYs present superior fiber orientation and notably enhanced crystallinity, thus resulting in dramatically increased mechanical properties. Finally, the thermally stretched PLCL ENYs are further processed into braided fabrics, and their mechanical properties are found to possess an obviously increased trend with the increasing of ENY numbers, demonstrating the adjustment feasibility of the mechanical properties of ENY‐based textiles by controlling the ENY numbers. Importantly, the in vitro cell studies demonstrate that the ENY‐based braided textiles significantly support the adhesion and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). In all, the present study provides an easily‐handling strategy to fabricate high performance PLCL ENYs, which shows promising future for the generation of advanced biomedical textiles.

N-doped one-dimensional carbon framework embedded with CoSe2 nanoparticles as superior electrode for advanced sodium ion storage

Cobalt selenide (CoSe2) is acknowledged as a negative electrode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity. However, the significant volume change and inadequate electrochemical performance during charge and discharge processes have limited its practical use in batteries. In this investigation, a straightforward and practical electrospinning method combined with selenization reaction was utilized to fabricate CoSe2 nanoparticles enclosed in nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers with a three-dimensional self-supporting network structure (CoSe2/N-PCNFs).The CoSe2/N-PCNFs electrode has self-supporting and high conductivity properties, as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries, the discharge capacity of the composite material can reach 450.1 mAh/g after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A/g, and can still maintain a large discharge capacity of 396.9 mAh/g after 500 cycles at a high current density of 1 A/g. The outstanding electrochemical performance is mainly attributed to the superior specific surface area, controllable porous structure, and high pore volume of CoSe2/N-PCNFs Experimental and density functional theory calculations both indicate that the heterojunction interface between CoSe2 and nitrogen-doped carbon can not only promote the adsorption of Na+, but also facilitate electron transfer to significantly improve the rate capability of the material.

Multifunctional, efficient, and durable composites of conductive PMIA/Ag membrane

Developing high-efficiency electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composite membranes along with additional functionalities to extend the application scenarios is highly desirable for the next generation electronic devices. Here, we report an ultrathin and flexible EMI shielding materials with sensitive Joule heating and outstanding infrared stealth performance was fabricated from poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide (PMIA) and Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) through an innovation and simplicity method of electrospinning and electroless plating. Profiting from a continuous three-dimensional (3D) conductive network, the final membrane achieves an outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 100.51 dB (in X-band), a remarkable Joule heating properties with a fast thermal response and low driving voltage (<0.5 V), and an outstanding infrared stealth with a low infrared emissivity (0.28). Meanwhile, the prepared composite membrane demonstrates stable EMI SE even after water washing, continuous bending, and heating treatment. This work integrates high-performance fiber PMIA, characterized by high heat resistance, flame retardancy, self-extinguishing properties, and chemical resistance, with functions such as EMI shielding, infrared stealth, and autonomous thermal management. It has great development potential if utilized in specialized combat uniforms under harsh conditions.

Fabrication and characterization of Ecklonia cava phlorotannin‐loaded PVA/PVP blend electrospun nanofibers as a potential diabetic wound dressing biomaterial

AbstractDiabetic wound healing remains a challenging issue, necessitating advanced dressings with active therapeutic agents to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Ecklonia cava phlorotannin (ECP) possesses therapeutic potential for wound healing including anti‐microbial, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory properties. Our previous study demonstrates the therapeutic efficacy of ECP‐loaded nanofibers in an in vitro hyperglycemic wound model. The present paper focuses on the detailed characterization of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) blend nanofiber incorporated with ECP. The ideal ratio, PVA80:PVP20, is selected to incorporate with ECP via the blend electrospinning method. To confirm the successful loading of ECP (0.5% and 1%), physicochemical characterization is conducted using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. Functionality assays are performed to evaluate their applicability as dressing biomaterials. Physicochemical analyses confirm the successful loading of ECP into the nanofibers. Overall, the ECP‐loaded PVA/PVP nanofiber membranes exhibit favorable wound dressing criteria, which attributed to high water absorption capacity (200%–400%), sufficient water vapor transmission rate (1550–1650 g/m2/d), high loading efficiency and slow release. Bioactivity tests indicate that the ECP's effectiveness is unaffected by the electrospinning process. Importantly, these membranes exhibit biocompatibility and nontoxicity to human dermal fibroblasts, indicating their potential as good diabetic wound dressings.

Energy Band-Modulated SnO Anodes with Improved Rate Capacity and Initial Coulombic Efficiency for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

An efficient interface and composition modification strategy is proposed to significantly increase the rate capacity and initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of SnO anodes via energy band structure modulation for Na-ion batteries (SIBs). The as-fabricated SnO@Bi@C material with Bi nanocrystals homogeneously dispersed on and around the SnO surface is prepared by an electrospinning method. The excellently dispersed Bi nanocrystals realize an effective interface contact with SnO and Na2O, which effectively lowers the electron conduction barriers and promotes sodium-ion release and transport upon the desodiation process, increasing the rate capacity and ICE of the SnO anode. The prepared SnO@Bi@C exhibits a much higher rate capacity up to 10 A g-1, except an improved ICE of 80.67%, compared to 57.38% of SnO@C. Importantly, the intercalation of Na+ between layer-structured Bi galleries provides a good basis for excellent cycle stability due to the highways constructed inside the prepared composites. This finding provides an effective tactic to establish ion transport high-speed channels, which essentially increase the rate performance and the ICE of the SnO-based anodes.

Ion-induced electrospinning of hierarchical spiderweb-like bioscaffolds

Tissue engineered scaffolds need to possess various functionalities, including biocompatibility, mechanical support, bioactivity, and vascularization. The design and fabrication of bioscaffolds to attain mutual coordination among these functionalities with minimal processing complexity are a highly challenging but rewarding task. In this study, a simple, effective one-step electrospinning method was developed to fabricate hierarchical spiderweb-like bioscaffolds that achieve both superior biological and mechanical functionalities. By incorporating ionic drugs of deferoxamine mesylate and lithium chloride, the spiderweb-inspired structures with adjustable coverages (up to 100 %) were successfully created, imparting the fibrous bioscaffolds with remarkable tensile strengths (∼88.28 MPa). The strengthening mechanisms endowed by the spiderweb structure in optimizing stress distribution to delay damage and enhance load-bearing ability were elucidated through finite element simulations. Furthermore, this hierarchical spiderweb-like bioscaffold demonstrated favorable biological characteristics, including biocompatibility, osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and hemostasis. The presence of the nano-spiderweb structures significantly improved cell adhesion and differentiation on the scaffold and increased the spreading area of cells by 2–3 times. The dual-drug loaded bioscaffolds with full coverages of the spiderweb structure exhibited the least amount of bleeding (45.33 ± 27.47 mg) and the fastest hemostasis speed (82 ± 8.19 s) in the hemostasis test, compared to the control group. Overall, the outstanding performance makes the developed bioscaffolds a promising alternative for tissue repair and regeneration in the field of tissue engineering.

Electrospun O-quaternary ammonium chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous film by application of Box–Behnken design response surface method for eliminating pathogenic bacteria

In this study, O-quaternary ammonium chitosan (O-HTCC) containing bicationic antibacterial active groups was synthesized to develop an O-HTCC/PVA porous nanofibrous film to enhance antibacterial activity, leveraging surface modification and nano-porous structure design. Uniform and smooth nanofibrous structures (average diameter: 72–294 nm) were successfully obtained using a simple and feasible electrospinning method. A response surface model via Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to clarify the interaction relationship between O-HTCC fiber diameter and three critical electrospinning parameters (O-HTCC concentration, applied voltage, feed flow rate), predicting that the minimum O-HTCC fiber diameter (174 nm) could be achieved with 7 wt% of O-HTCC concentration, 14 kV of voltage, and 0.11 mL/h of feed flow rate. Linear regression (R2 = 0.9736, Radj2 = 0.9716) and the Anderson Darling test demonstrated the excellent fit of the RSM-BBD model. Compared to N-HTCC/PVA nanofibrous film, the O-HTCC/PVA version showed increased growth inhibition and more effective antibacterial efficacies against Escherichia coli (E. coli) (~;86.34 %) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (~;99.99 %). DSC revealed improved thermal stability with an increased melting temperature (238 °C) and endothermic enthalpy (157.7 J/g). This study holds potential for further development of antibacterial packaging to extend food shelf-life to reduce bacterial infection.

Electrospun LaFe1+XO3 nanotubes for enhancing gas sensing to n-butanol

BackgroundIt is imperative to monitor the levels of n-butanol in the environment for the preservation of ecosystems and safeguarding human health. As a potential substitute for n-butanol sensors, the LaFeO3 nanofibers show encouraging promise. MethodsWe have used the electrospinning method to successfully construct a series of Fe doping LaFe1+xO3 (x = 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) nanotubes. Through the use of XRD, FESEM, TEM, and EDS, the sample's morphological structure and composition were examined. Significant findingsWith a quick response/recovery time of 9/15 s, the gas sensor based on LF1.05O3 nanotubes showed a staggering response of 33.6 at 150 °C toward 100 ppm n-butanol. Compared to the other test gases, this sensor demonstrated remarkable n-butanol selectivity. Furthermore, a methodical examination of the sensing mechanism was carried out.

Continuous Rapid Fabrication of Ceramic Fiber Sponge Aerogels with High Thermomechanical Properties via a Green and Low-Cost Electrospinning Technique.

Ceramic aerogel is an appealing fireproof and heat-insulation material, but synchronously improving its mechanical and thermal properties is a challenge. Moreover, the expensive discontinuous processing techniques inhibit the large-scale fabrication of ceramic aerogels. Here, we propose a water-based electrospinning method, based on the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of ceramic precursor salts themselves, for the continuous and rapid (0.025 m3/min) fabrication of ceramic fiber sponge aerogels with dual micronano fiber networks, which show synchronous enhanced fireproof, thermal insulation, and resilience performance. The elastic ceramic micro/nano fiber sponge aerogels contain robust silica-based microfibers as a firm skeleton and alumina-based nanofibers as elastic thermal insulation filler. The sponges have a high porosity of >99.8%, a low mass density (6.21 mg/cm3), a small thermal conductivity (0.022 W/m·K), and a large compression strength (21.15 kPa at 80% strain). The ceramic fiber sponges can effectively prevent the propagation of thermal runaway when a lithium battery experiences catastrophic thermal shock (>1000 °C) in the power battery packs. The proposed strategy is feasible for low-cost and rapid synthesizing ceramic aerogels toward effective battery thermal management.

Electrospun chitosan/polymethyl methacrylate nanofiber membranes integrated with polyethyleneimine for enhanced removal of chromium(VI) ions

AbstractThis study demonstrates the preparation of a unique chitosan (CS)/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) nanofiber (NF) membrane using PMMA as the composite skeleton through an electrospinning method. The chemical and mechanical properties, chromium (Cr) adsorption capabilities, and mass transfer mechanisms of the NF membrane were thoroughly investigated. The findings indicate that the CS/PMMA/PEI NF membranes, with an average diameter of approximately 856.2 nm, exhibits favorable hydrophilicity, effective Cr(VI) adsorption (first adsorption capacity of 226.5 mg g−1), and robust mechanical properties (tensile strength of 1.58 ± 0.092 Mpa), which is superior to most reported adsorbents. Moreover, the composite NF membranes exhibit a second adsorption capacity of 194.4 mg g−1 and a tensile strength of 0.739 ± 0.072 Mpa after the second adsorption, indicating a remarkable level of reusability and cycle stability. Additionally, x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and structural tests reveal the presence of abundant amino (NH2) and hydroxyl (OH) groups in the CS/PMMA/PEI NF membranes, suggesting potential sites for complexation reactions and the reductions of Cr(VI) ions, thereby facilitating effective adsorption and removal of heavy metals. This study introduces a novel and straightforward approach for synthesizing highly effective adsorbents, with have potential implications for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater.

High Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries Developed by PANI Intercalation Strategy and Separator Engineering.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted burgeoning attention and emerged as prospective alternatives for scalable energy storage applications due to their unique merits such as high volumetric capacity, low cost, environmentally friendly, and reliable safety. Nevertheless, current ZIBs still suffer from some thorny issues, including low intrinsic electron conductivity, poor reversibility, zinc anode dendrites, and side reactions. Herein, conductive polyaniline (PANI) is intercalated as a pillar into the hydrated V2O5 (PAVO) to stabilize the structure of the cathode material. Meanwhile, graphene oxide (GO) was modified onto the glass fiber (GF) membrane through simple electrospinning and laser reduction methods to inhibit dendrite growth. As a result, the prepared cells present excellent electrochemical performance with enhanced specific capacity (362 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1), significant rate capability (280 mAh g-1 at 10 A g-1), and admirable cycling stability (74% capacity retention after 4800 cycles at 5 A g-1). These findings provide key insights into the development of high-performance zinc-ion batteries.