Metamaterial Research Articles

Tailored ultrasound propagation in microscale metamaterials via inertia design.

The quasi-static properties of micro-architected (meta)materials have been extensively studied over the past decade, but their dynamic responses, especially in acoustic metamaterials with engineered wave propagation behavior, represent a new frontier. However, challenges in miniaturizing and characterizing acoustic metamaterials in high-frequency (megahertz) regimes have hindered progress toward experimentally implementing ultrasonic-wave control. Here, we present an inertia design framework based on positioning microspheres to tune responses of 3D microscale metamaterials. We demonstrate tunable quasi-static stiffness by up to 75% and dynamic longitudinal-wave velocities by up to 25% while maintaining identical material density. Using noncontact laser-based dynamic experiments of tunable elastodynamic properties and numerical demonstrations of spatio-temporal ultrasound wave propagation, we explore the tunable static and elastodynamic property relation. This design framework expands the quasi-static and dynamic metamaterial property space through simple geometric changes, enabling facile design and fabrication of metamaterials for applications in medical ultrasound and analog computing.

THz biosensing for early detection of influenza and coronaviruses using dielectric metamaterials

Abstract The world has faced a significant challenge since December 2019, when coronavirus (COVID-19) was found. Viruses of this type are causing pandemics all over the world right now. For this purpose, a biosensor is designed to operate based on metamaterial (MM) incorporated and can detect different coronaviruses. The proposed metamaterial absorber (MMA) includes two bands with perfect absorption characteristics and a narrow absorption bandwidth: 4.093 THz and 3.647 THz. The circuit model’s transmission line technique is another approach to verifying the absorber’s functionality. The proposed design consists of a square-shaped graphene ring (SGR) and a silicon-based square ring resonator (SSRR) to provide unique and narrow band absorption characteristics. Changing the graphene’s chemical potential suggests MMA tuneability and control capability. The suggested MMA can detect several coronaviruses because of its extremely narrow absorption spectrum behavior. It has unique features such as ultra-narrow absorption bandwidth, polarization insensitivity, and simplicity. The MMA is designed with a compact structure, good sensitivity (s), exceptional figure of Merit (FOM), and superior Quality factor (Q) values.

Novel Octa-Structure Metamaterial Architecture for High Q-Factor and High Sensitivity in THz Impedance Spectroscopy.

Terahertz (THz) electric inductive-capacitive (ELC) resonant metamaterials (MMs) are well established tools that can be used to detect the presence of dielectric material (e.g., nanoparticles, bioparticles, etc.) spread on their surfaces within the gap of the capacitive plates of a nanoantenna array. In THz spectroscopy, the amount of the red shift in the resonance frequency (ΔF) plays an important role in the detection of nanoparticles and their concentration. We introduce a new LC resonant MM architecture in the ELC category that maximizes dielectric sensitivity. The newly proposed architecture has an octahedral structure with uniform capacitive gaps at each forty-five-degree interval, making the structure super-symmetric and polarization independent. The inductor core is condensed into a central solid circle connecting all the eight lobes of the octahedron, thereby completing the LC circuit. This ELC resonator has very large active areas (capacitor-gaps), with hotspots at the periphery of each unit cell. The MM structure is repeated in a clustered fashion, so that the peripheral hotspots are also utilized in dielectric sensing. This results in enhancing the quality factor of MM resonance, as well as in increasing ΔF. The research comprises a combination of rigorous system-level simulations along with THz impedance spectroscopy laboratory experiments. We achieved a highly sensitive MM sensor with sensitivity reaching 1600 GHz/RIU. This sensor is fully CMOS compatible and has promising potential applications in high-sensitivity bio-sensing, characterization of nanoparticles, and ultra-low-concentration dielectrics detection, as well as in sensing differential changes in the composition of substances deposited on the metasurface.

High-efficient, polarization-insensitive, wide-angle, compact metamaterial energy harvester for S-band and C-band applications

This article proposes a polarization-insensitive compact Metamaterial (MM) energy harvester that can be used seamlessly in the S-band and C-band frequencies. It is important to focus on the limitations of many current designs of harvesters, which need to be overcome. The existing devices are large and often operate in a single frequency band, while their Energy Harvesting (EH) efficiency is low. The proposed harvester solves these problems using smart technology, using a rectangle strip with two gaps, each containing 50 Ω resistors for efficient energy collecting. Also, four hexagonal ring resonators are embedded into the cross-dumbbell configuration, connecting them with strip lines. Smaller rectangular rings surround these hexagonal rings, each with gaps labelled g1–g4. Despite its sophisticated design, the size of this harvester is (10 × 10) mm2 only. This harvester operates at frequencies of 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz, demonstrating remarkable absorption responses across varying polarizations and incident angles in both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The simulation results indicated impressive energy harvesting efficiencies of 97% at 3.5 GHz and 98% at 5.5 GHz. In addition, experiments in an anechoic chamber with a 3 × 3 array (30 × 30) mm2 were used to confirm the efficiencies empirically. The simulated and measured results showed a strong correlation, confirming the reliability of the proposed design. The proposed MM harvester is distinguished by its high efficiency, polarization-insensitive behaviour, and compactness, making it very promising for many applications in EH.

Vanadium-dioxide-assisted multifunctional switchable terahertz metamaterial devices

A multifunctional, switchable terahertz (THz) metamaterial (MM) device with wideband absorption and polarization conversion capabilities has been developed, based on the insulator-metal phase transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2). In its metallic state, the device operates as a wideband absorber within the range of 2.56–6.74 THz, achieving a bandwidth of 4.18 THz and an absorption rate of ≥90%. The wideband absorption is insensitive to both oblique incident angles and polarization. When VO2 is in its insulating state, the device switches to a polarization converter, facilitating linear-to-cross polarization (LTX) conversion between 1.04 and 4 THz, and linear-to-circular polarization (LTC) conversion between 1 and 1.04 THz, with a conversion efficiency exceeding 90%. Additionally, the effects of incident angle and polarization angle on the device’s performance were analyzed. This THz device offers advantages of wide angle, wide bandwidth, and high efficiency, making it a valuable reference for research into new multifunctional THz devices. It has great potential applications in short-range wireless THz communication, ultrafast optical switches, high-temperature resistant switches, transient spectroscopy, and optical polarization control devices. In specific application scenarios, particularly in fields requiring efficient detection, transmission, and analysis—such as security and non-destructive testing, secure communication systems, imaging and sensing, multidimensional spectral analysis, pollutant detection, smart stealth coatings, dynamic optical control devices, and integrated optical systems—these devices offer multifunctional capabilities. They enhance system performance and flexibility, meeting diverse application needs.

Metamaterial enhanced sensor for powder material classification

In this paper, a simple and efficient approach is presented to classify different power materials based on a one port microwave sensor in X-band. This classification focuses on powder materials, unlike prior studies that focused on liquids (castor oil, neem oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, and mahua oil), this classification represents a shift towards powdered materials. The response of the proposed sensor is enhanced by adding a metamaterial (MTM) unit cell of F-shape to focus electromagnetic waves on the sample under test. This metamaterial-based sensor is designed to differentiate between different types of materials based on the corresponding reflection coefficient. The sample under test is included inside a dielectric box inserted inside a rectangular waveguide. The MTM unit cell is added on the front face of this box towards the direction of the incident wave. The resonance frequency depends on the characteristics of the powder material inside the box. The MTM unit cell enhances this resonance to simplify the process of classification of different materials. The measured results show that the proposed sensor can detect a wide range of powder materials, including clay, cement, sand, and mixtures: cement & sand, and clay & sand. The designed sensor can be used in various applications, including detection and classification of different powder materials in industrial applications.

Bright and dark optical solitons in optical metamaterials using a variety of distinct schemes for a generalized Schrodinger equation

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) incorporating spatiotemporal dispersion and other dispersive effects. The goal is to derive various soliton solutions, including bright, dark, singular, periodic and exponential solitons, to enhance the understanding of soliton propagation dynamics in nonlinear metamaterials (MMs) and contribute new findings to the field of nonlinear optics. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a range of powerful mathematical approaches to solve the NLS. The proposed methodologies are applied systematically to derive a variety of optical soliton solutions, each demonstrating unique optical behaviors and characteristics. The approach ensures that both the theoretical framework and practical implications of the solutions are thoroughly explored. Findings The study successfully derives several types of soliton solutions using the aforementioned mathematical approaches. Key findings include bright optical envelope solitons, dark optical envelope solitons, periodic solutions, singular solutions and exponential solutions. These results offer new insights into the behavior of ultrashort solitons in nonlinear MMs, potentially aiding further research and applications in nonlinear wave studies. Originality/value This study makes an original contribution to nonlinear optics by deriving new soliton solutions for the NLS with spatiotemporal dispersion. The diversity of solutions, including bright, dark, periodic, singular and exponential solitons, adds substantial value to the existing body of knowledge. The use of distinct and reliable methodologies to obtain these solutions underscores the novelty and potential applications of the research in advancing optical technologies. The originality lies in the novel approaches used to obtain these diverse soliton solutions and their potential impact on the study and application of nonlinear waves in MMs.

A wide angle beam scanning CRLH leaky-wave antenna with non-identical elements per unit-cells

In this research article, a wide-angle scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) metamaterial (MTM) operating over the C-band spectrum for mobile applications is proposed, investigated, and realized. The proposed LWA includes nine CRLH-MTM-based unit-cells. The properties of CRLH-MTM have been applied using series slots and shunt metallic via-holes. Each unit cell consists of three patches, two external patches, and one smaller middle patch implemented between them. One slot has been etched on each external patch; the width of these two slots is unequal. Moreover, the distance of the middle patch with each side patch is different. The results show that using this method of realizing non-identical elements caused the achievement of proper return-loss at the transition frequency and provided the balanced CRLH metamaterial condition. Additionally, using CRLH-MTM properties by realizing series capacitance (slot) and shunt inductance (via-holes) made the wide-angle scant from backward to forward radiation pattern. The results demonstrate that the LW antenna with small dimensions of 251.5 × 30 × 1.575 mm3 operates over a frequency range of 4.8–6.13 GHz covering a wide beam scanning range from −63° to +65° with broadside radiation at the center frequency of 5.46 GHz. The radiation gain of the proposed antenna varies from 6.2–13.1 dB. The achievements confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods to realize a high-performance LW-antenna with the advantages of simple design, low profile, low cost, and easy of manufacture for mobile applications.

Mid-infrared photodetector spectrometer concept based on ultrathin all-dielectric metamaterial with azimuth-incidence-angle tuned perfect optical absorption: Design and analysis

Novel concepts for efficient compact spectroscopy are extensively researched due to their fundamental applications in prominent fields such as chemistry, biology, and physics. Here, with an unprecedented spectral-azimuthal resolution, such a concept is introduced and exemplified in the mid-infrared, in which its advantages are paramount and have yet to be established industrially. The concept is based on the design and instrumentation of optical absorption spectral tuning (or sensitivity) to the relative azimuthal component of light impinging on specifically designed metamaterials (MMs). The inversely-designed MMs offer perfect photo-absorption inside λ0/200 ultra-thin layer of lead telluride. Two small-footprint system designs are proposed to instrument the spectral-azimuth-angle tuning for spectrometry. The first is based on a single or few spinning MM layout elements, and the second, to avoid spinning, utilizes a fixed focal-plane-array approach. The latter exploits the inherent variations in the local azimuthal-incidence angle. While low absorption is the Achilles heel of conventional mid-infrared photodetector spectrometers, the optimized MMs, besides their unique spectral-azimuth-angle tuning functionality, provide giant absorption enhancement, facilitating higher resolution and even smaller in-plane form factor. The highlighted concept opens an additional dimension to encode-decode spectral information, yielding profound advantages over conventional designs, such as those based on diffraction gratings.

Design and experimental validation of a compact dual-band metamaterial perfect absorber for electromagnetic energy harvesting applications

This article introduces, characterizes, and experimentally validates an innovative design for a compact-sized metamaterial (MM) perfect absorber (PA) for electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesting (EH) applications. The absorber design, comprised of three octagonal ring resonators made of annealed copper, incorporates split gaps at 45-degree inclinations within the uppermost and middle resonators. A split strip line connects the inner octagonal ring resonators, while the split gaps of the outermost and inner rings are filled with a 50 Ω resistive load. This structure is made on a Rogers RT5880 substrate, and the back side of the proposed design is entirely coated with annealed copper. The proposed absorber achieves precise impedance matching with free space, facilitating efficient absorption and redirecting EM power toward the resistive loads. The absorber demonstrates absorption peaks of 99.98 % at 2.4 GHz and 99.99 % at 4.9 GHz. In addition, the efficiency of absorption is assessed for different incident (θ) and polarization angles (ϕ) in both the Transverse Electric (TE) and Transverse Magnetic (TM) modes. Simulated harvesting efficiencies of 95.33 % at 2.4 GHz and 95.99 % at 4.9 GHz are recorded. An experimental validation is performed using a 3 × 3 array that measures 30 × 30 mm. The tests are carried out in an anechoic chamber. The measured harvesting efficiencies strongly correlate with the simulated results, indicating the reliability of the proposed design. This absorber's efficiency and compact size make it an excellent option for EH systems in wireless sensor networks (WSNs).

Ultra‐Broadband and Reconfigurable Liquid‐Based Microwave Metasurface Absorber

Liquids, with their advantages of fluidity, ease of shaping, and tunability, have exhibited promising potential in the creation of reconfigurable metamaterials (MMs). Water, being the ubiquitous liquid and cost‐effective resource on Earth, has been utilized for the construction of liquid‐based microwave metasurface absorber (MSA). However, due to the challenges associated with integrating microfluidics with MMs in both design and manufacturing, current MSs exhibit narrow frequency bands, particularly constrained at lower frequencies. Herein, a reconfigurable solid–liquid composite of liquid‐based MSs, utilizing the interbedded structure of cones, is proposed for ultra‐wideband microwave absorption. When water is used as the filling medium, the absorption rate exceeds 90% across a wide frequency range from 5.9 to 50 GHz. Upon substitution with ionic liquids, the frequency range demonstrating absorption efficiency exceeding 90% extends from 3.3 to 50 GHz. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the designed MSA demonstrates exceptional stability when subjected to oblique incidence and shows a high degree of insensitivity to polarization, highlighting its robust applicability. The low‐cost, easily manufacturable, and ultra‐wideband liquid‐based MSA holds promising potential for applications in radar countermeasures, energy harvesting, radiation protection, and other related fields.

Novel metamaterial array-based dual port MIMO antenna using low profile substrate with feature multiband, and high isolation for sub-6G, IoT, and WiMAX applications

This article represents a single-layered two-port MIMO antenna loaded into a compact plane-patterned metamaterial (MTM) structure for a 5G communication system. The antenna operates at three bands to investigate metamaterial properties in addition to diversity parameters, an arrangement of a series of arrays suggested a 2-port design antenna and a circular-shaped split ring resonator unit cell was developed. The design of a single port antenna utilizes 1 × 3 MTM unit cells for each component. This antenna operates within a frequency range ranging from 1 GHz to 15 GHz. Additionally, the suggested MIMO antenna offers a dominant isolation of –55dB. The measurement’s results show that, with an entire antenna size of 112 mm × 26.5 mm and a 3.33 GHz bandwidth, the MIMO antenna is achieved with good efficiency and CCL < 0.35, considerable DG > 9.97dB, ECC < 0.18, and TARC <–9.97. The presented design is suitable for medical imaging, RFID, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, IOT, satellite communication systems, and the 5G and sub-6 GHz spectrum.

THz Metamaterial Sensitivity Enhancement by Reduction of Substrate's Fabry-Pérot Oscillations Using Back Plates as an Optical De-Coupler.

This work presents a new method for the enhancement of sensitivity in Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy on metamaterial (MM) in terms of its resonance frequency shift (ΔF), by attaching the dielectric back plate to the MM's silicon (Si) wafer. The dielectric back plates are designed to minimize the Fresnel reflections at the backside of the substrate, identical to a broadband antireflective (AR) plate tailored for THz. Utilizing broadband AR technology, we demonstrate the concept of decoupling MM resonance from the substrate's Fabry-Pérot (FP) oscillations. This is done by effectively coupling the THz light out of the high-permittivity substrate, resulting in the improved quality factor of the MM resonance and overall plasmonic enhancement on the metasurface. The back plate acts as a surface plasmonic enhancer to the THz MM by increasing the field intensity on the front metasurface, leading to enhancement of dielectric response (MM's ΔF). This makes the MM resonance ultrasensitive to the minor changes of particle size/concentration under test spread on the metasurface, contributing to enhanced resonance ΔF. The plate also makes the Si substrate optically lossless, enabling the full effect of MM resonance shift and increasing the resonance ΔF by 8-fold compared with MM's fabricated on conventional Si substrates. This research is backed-up with system-level CST simulations and experimental THz impedance spectroscopy of the MM. This method and chip structure is CMOS compatible having potential applications for any resonant MM fabricated on a substrate aimed to maximize dielectric sensitivity for biosensing and nanoparticle THz spectroscopy.

A Split Square-shaped Metamaterial Loaded Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Communication

This paper describes a split square-shaped metamaterial (MTM) design which was applied for the performance enhancement of a rectangular-shaped microstrip patch antenna (MPA). A proposed split square-shaped MTM-based microstrip patch antenna resonates at two frequencies, 18.57 GHz and 25.24 GHz. In both cases, the bandwidths were obtained at 2 GHz and 6.72 GHz respectively. The proposed antenna was designed on FR-4 substrate material, with the dimensions of 20×20 mm2. For the performance investigation, the MTM was placed first at the front side of the antenna and subsequently placed at the back side of the antenna. It was found that the antenna showed better performance when the MTM was placed at the back side of the antenna instead of the front side. The wide bandwidth, high directivity and enhanced gain have made the antenna a potential one for the 5G communication.

Left Handed Metamaterials in Microstrip Patch Antenna Design: Miniaturization, Multiband Operation, and Improved Performance

The exotic electromagnetic properties of metamaterials (MTM) can be utilized to meet the increasing demand for smaller, lighter, and more compact multiband antennas. As the resonant frequency is dependent on the aperture parameters of the antenna, metamaterials allow for the miniaturization and performance enhancement of antennas. In this paper, two novel designs of metamaterial loaded microstrip patch antennas are proposed. The first structure emphasizes the miniaturization of patch antennas with performance improvements. The second one deals with the multiband operation of metamaterial loaded antennas with wider bandwidth and improved performance. Compared to the conventional microstrip patch antenna (MPA), the proposed metamaterial loaded antenna has reduced the size by 75%, and antenna characteristics have also improved significantly. The proposed metamaterial antenna resonates at 2.45 GHz, the return loss is -26 dB, and a gain of 5.28 dB is achieved. The multiband antenna can be realized by etching different numbers of complementary split ring resonators in the ground plane. The model proposed with three split ring resonators (SRR) at the ground plane shows quad band operations and can be used in S-band and C-band simultaneously. The quad-band antenna resonates at 3.04 GHz, 3.42 GHz, 5.35 GHz, and 6.08 GHz with bandwidths of 78 MHz, 93 MHz, 167 MHz, and 185 MHz, respectively. The antennas are designed on an FR-4 substrate with a permittivity of 4.3. Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) method has been employed for the extraction and verification of the metamaterial properties of the unit cells. Due to its ability to capture more energy, the reported antenna can be used as a wireless device as well as an RF energy harvesting device. DUJASE Vol. 8 (1) 1-12, 2023 (January)

Design and experimental validation of a metamaterial-based sensor for microwave imaging in breast, lung, and brain cancer detection

This study proposes an innovative geometry of a microstrip sensor for high-resolution microwave imaging (MWI). The main intended application of the sensor is early detection of breast, lung, and brain cancer. The proposed design consists of a microstrip patch antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide with a metamaterial (MTM) layer-based lens implemented on the back side, and an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) realized on as a separate layer. The analysis of the AMC’s permeability and permittivity demonstrate that the structure exhibits negative epsilon (ENG) qualities near the antenna resonance point. In addition, reflectivity, transmittance, and absorption are also studied. The sensor prototype has been manufactures using the FR4 laminate. Excellent electrical and field characteristics of the structure are confirmed through experimental validation. At the resonance frequency of 4.56 GHz, the realized gain reaches 8.5 dBi, with 3.8 dBi gain enhancement contributed by the AMC. The suitability of the presented sensor for detecting brain tumors, lung cancer, and breast cancer has been corroborated through extensive simulation-based experiments performed using the MWI system model, which employs four copies of the proposed sensor, as well as the breast, lung, and brain phantoms. As demonstrated, the directional radiation pattern and enhanced gain of the sensor enable precise tumor size discrimination. The proposed sensor offers competitive performance in comparison the state-of-the-art sensors described in the recent literature, especially with respect to as gain, pattern directivity, and impedance matching, all being critical for MWI.

Quadrupole mode plasmon resonance enabled dual-band metamaterial for refractive index sensing application

In this paper, design and fabrication of a dual-band near-zero index metamaterial (MTM) structure using copper on an epoxy resin fiber (FR-4) dielectric substrate is reported for refractive index sensing applications. The primary objective is to achieve dual-band operation spanning a 1–15 GHz frequency range, with a specific focus on achieving a broad bandwidth in the C-band. The resonance of the MTM structure was ascribed to the coupling of plane electromagnetic waves with surface plasmon polaritons on the structure, resulting in a quadrupole plasmon resonance mode. Furthermore, transmission characteristics of the fabricated MTM structure were experimentally measured and found to align closely with the simulated results obtained through the finite element method in COMSOL Multiphysics. The designed MTM structure demonstrates negative and near-zero permittivity at resonance frequencies, enabling left-handed and near-zero index behavior in dual microwave frequency bands. Under room temperature conditions, the MTM sensor exhibited sensitivities of 1 GHz/RIU and 3 GHz/RIU at resonance frequencies of 2.7 and 7.3 GHz, respectively. Consequently, the MTM structure exhibits significant potential for diverse applications, serving as a valuable component in sensors, detectors, and optoelectronic devices operating in the GHz region.

3D Bulk Metamaterials with Engineered Optical Dispersion at Terahertz Frequencies Utilizing Amorphous Multilayered Split-Ring Resonators.

A 3D bulk metamaterial (MM) containing amorphous multilayered split-ring resonators is proposed, fabricated, and evaluated. Experimentally, the effective refractive index is engineered via the 3D bulk MM, with a contrast of 0.118 across the frequency span from 0.315 to 0.366 THz and the index changing at a slope of 2.314 per THz within this frequency range. Additionally, the 3D bulk MM exhibits optical isotropy with respect to polarization. Moreover, the peak transmission and optical dispersion are tailored by adjusting the density of the split-ring resonators. Compared to reported conventional approaches for constructing bulk MMs, this approach offers advantages in terms of the potential for large-scale manufacturing, the ability to adopt any shape, optical isotropy, and rapid optical dispersion. These features hold promise for dispersive optical devices operating at THz frequencies, such as high-dispersive prisms for high-resolution spectroscopy.

Asymmetric transmission for linearly polarized terahertz waves without polarization conversion

In this study, a novel metamaterial (MM) architecture is presented, which comprises cut wires and split-ring resonators (SRRs) and demonstrates asymmetric transmission characteristics. Unlike previously reported multi-layer chiral structures, spatial asymmetry is introduced by aligning the cut wires and SRRs with the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves. This innovative alignment effectively disrupts time-reversal symmetry, enabling asymmetric transmission. A thorough analysis of the electromagnetic field distribution and surface current patterns offers insights into the fundamental mechanisms underlying this asymmetric transmission. Notably, the ability of this MM design to maintain the polarization state of transmitted waves positions it as a promising candidate for terahertz systems applications.

A highly sensitive modified triple split ring metamaterial-based sensor for blood sample detection based on dielectric property alteration

This research paper demonstrates a metamaterial (MTM) based sensing technique to detect various blood samples by analyzing their dielectric properties. The performance of this MTM-based sensor is evaluated with the help of mimicked human blood samples that closely resemble the dielectric properties of actual human blood samples. Moreover, the ISM band frequency of 2.4 GHz is chosen as one of the reference resonance frequencies due to its various industrial and medical applications. The resonating patch is developed on the FR-4 substrate with a dimension of 10 × 20 mm2 that provides sharp reference resonances of 2.4 and 4.72 GHz for the spectra of the transmission coefficient with a good quality factor (Q-factor). The MTM sensor can detect the mimicked blood samples with a maximum frequency deviation of up to 650 MHz at 2.4 GHz and up to 850 MHz at 4.72 GHz, with maximum sensitivity of 0.917 and 0.707, respectively. The measured results using the prototype of the sensor support the simulation result with good agreement, indicating high sensing capability. Due to its high sensitivity, figure of merit (FoM), and frequency shifting with dielectric property changes in blood samples, the developed MTM-based sensor can be implemented effectively for quick sensing of infected blood samples and biomedical applications.