Metabolism In Plant Cell Cultures Research Articles

Proteome-Level Investigation of Vitis amurensis Calli Transformed with a Constitutively Active, Ca2+-Independent Form of the Arabidopsis AtCPK1 Gene.

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are one of the main Ca2+ decoders in plants. Among them, Arabidopsis thaliana AtCPK1 is one of the most studied CDPK genes as a positive regulator of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress. The mutated form of AtCPK1, in which the autoinhibitory domain is inactivated (AtCPK1-Ca), provides constitutive kinase activity by mimicking a stress-induced increase in the Ca2+ flux. In the present study, we performed a proteomic analysis of Vitis amurensis calli overexpressing the AtCPK1-Ca form using untransformed calli as a control. In our previous studies, we have shown that the overexpression of this mutant form leads to the activation of secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures, including an increase in resveratrol biosynthesis in V. amurensis cell cultures. We analyzed upregulated and downregulated proteins in control and transgenic callus cultures using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). In calli transformed with AtCPK1-Ca, an increased amounts of pathogenesis-related proteins were found. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis confirmed this result.

Chromato-Mass-Spectrometric Identification of Glycosides of Phenylethylamides of Hydroxycinnamic Acids in a Suspension Cell Culture of Mandragora turcomanica

A detailed UPLC-ESI-MS study was performed on secondary metabolites in the biomass of a suspension plant cell culture of Turkmenian mandrake (Mandragora turcomanica Mizgir.), which has been maintained for over 30 years. Both compounds widespread in plants (amides of hydroxycinnamic acids with putrescine and feruloyltyramine) and very rare metabolites (glycosides of phenylethylamides of hydroxycinnamic acids) have been identified. The identification of compounds was carried out using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (UPLC-ESI-MS) and detection of positive and negative ion modes. Structural analysis of glycosides of phenylethylamides of ferulic acid was carried out on the basis of interpreting MS spectra obtained by fragmentation of protonated molecular ions [M + H]+ of these compounds in the ionization source. Based on the obtained results, the presence of five hexosides of ferulic acid, three of which were with tyramine residues and one each with methoxytyramine and octopamine residues, respectively, in the M. turcomanica cells cultivated in vitro was revealed. One of the detected glycosides belongs to a very rare group of plant metabolites: feruloyltyramine dihexosides. The obtained results confirm the concept developed in the authors' works on the change in specialized metabolism of plant cells cultivated in vitro and indicate that dedifferentiated proliferating cells retain the ability to form a complex set of secondary metabolites, which contradicts the prevailing ideas about the loss or decrease in the intensity of specialized metabolism in plant cell cultures.

Astragalus trojanus Kesikli Kültürlerinde Prekürsör ve Elisitör Kullanımının Optimizasyonu

Elicitor and precursor applications are commonly used to induce secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures. In this study, methyl jasmonate, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and pectin were used as elicitors and β-sitosterol was used as a precursor in batch cultures of Astragalus trojanus in order to trigger astragaloside IV and cycloastragenol productions. Growth parameters (fresh and dry weights and dry weight percentages) of batch cultures were also evaluated in order to understand the effects of elicitors and precursor on primary metabolism. All elicitors and precursor used in this study triggered metabolite production at different stages of culture period. The highest astragaloside IV accumulation (0.9435 µg/mg) was detected in medium supplemented with 50 µM methyl jasmonate at the 14th day of culture period, whereas the highest cycloastragenol concentration ( 0.3626 µg/mg) was found in medium supplemented with 50 µM jasmonic acid at the 28th day of culture period. Large scale cultivation was also performed and 0.3759 µg/mg astragaloside IV was detected in medium supplemented with 50 µM methyl jasmonate at the 14th day.

Structured model and parameter estimation in plant cell cultures of Thevetia peruviana.

In this work, a mechanistic model for predicting the dynamic behavior of extracellular and intracellular nutrients, biomass production, and the main metabolites involved in the central carbon metabolism in plant cell cultures of Thevetia peruviana is presented. The proposed model is the first mechanistic model implemented for plant cell cultures of this species, and includes 28 metabolites, 33 metabolic reactions, and 61 parameters. Given the over-parametrization of the model, its nonlinear nature and the strong correlation among the effects of the parameters, a parameter estimation routine based on identifiability analysis was implemented. This routine reduces the parameter's search space by selecting the most sensitive and linearly independent parameters. Results have shown that only 19 parameters are identifiable. Finally, the model was used for analyzing the fluxes distribution in plant cell cultures of T. peruviana. This analysis shows high uptake of phosphates and parallel uptake of glucose and fructose. Furthermore, it has pointed out the main central carbon metabolism routes for promoting biomass production in this cell culture.

Synergistic effect of cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate on taxane production in Taxus x media cell cultures.

Methyl jasmonate and cyclodextrins are proven effective inducers of secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures. Cyclodextrins, which are cyclic oligosaccharides, can form inclusion complexes with nonhydrophilic secondary products, thus increasing their excretion from the producer cells to the culture medium. In the present work, using a selected Taxus x media cell line cultured in a two-stage system, the relationship between taxane production and the transcript profiles of several genes involved in taxol metabolism was studied to gain more insight into the mechanism by which these two elicitors regulate the biosynthesis and excretion of taxol and related taxanes. Gene expression was not clearly enhanced by the presence of cyclodextrins in the culture medium and variably induced by methyl jasmonate, but when the culture was supplemented with both elicitors, a synergistic effect on transcript accumulation was observed. The BAPT and DBTNBT genes, which encode the last two transferases involved in the taxol pathway, appeared to control limiting biosynthetic steps. In the cell cultures treated with both elicitors, the produced taxanes were found mainly in the culture medium, which limited retroinhibition processes and taxane toxicity for the producer cells. The expression level of a putative ABC gene was found to have increased, suggesting it played a role in the taxane excretion. Taxol biosynthesis was clearly increased by the joint action of methyl jasmonate and cyclodextrins, reaching production levels 55 times higher than in nonelicited cultures.

Organic germanium stimulates the growth of ginseng adventitious roots and ginsenoside production

A wide variety of elicitors has been employed to alter cell metabolism in order to enhance the production of secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures. In the present study, organic germanium, a dietary supplement, was used as an elicitor to enhance the biomass accumulation and ginsenoside production. Adventitious root cultures of ginseng were supplemented with organic germanium at 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, 120 or 150 mg l −1 concentrations. Cultures supplemented with 60 mg l −1 organic germanium enhanced both fresh (565 ± 6 g) and dry (44 ± 2 g) biomass accumulations of adventitious roots and accumulation of Rb and Rg group of ginsenosides. This is the first report on organic germanium as an elicitor for ginsenoside accumulation in plant cell cultures.

A novel synthetic fluoro-containing jasmonate derivative acts as a chemical inducing signal for plant secondary metabolism

A novel fluoro-containing jasmonate derivative was chemically synthesized and evaluated as a potential elicitor with respect to the induction of plant defense responses and the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. A bioactive taxuyunnanine C (Tc)-producing cell line of Taxus chinensis was taken as a model plant cell system. The presence of novel synthesized pentafluoropropyl jasmonate (PFPJA) induced two early and important events in plant defense responses, including an oxidative burst and activation of L-phenylalanine ammonia lyase. In addition, PFPJA was found to significantly increase Tc accumulation, without any inhibition of cell growth. Moreover, Tc accumulation was increased more in the presence of PFPJA compared with methyl jasmonate (MJA) and previously reported trifluoroethyl jasmonate (TFEJA). For example, addition of 100 muM PFPJA on day 7 led to a high Tc content (38.2 +/- 0.3 mg/g) at day 21, while the Tc content was 29.3 +/- 0.3 mg/g and 34.9 +/- 0.9 mg/g with the addition of 100 microM MJA and TFEJA, respectively. Quantitative structure-activity analysis of fluoro-containing jasmonates suggests that the increase in the fluoro-groups introduced into the carboxyl side-chain of MJA resulted in a higher stimulatory activity for Tc biosynthesis, which corresponds well with the markedly increased lipophilicity after fluorine introduction. These results indicate that newly synthesized fluoro-containing PFPJA can act as a powerful chemical inducing signal for secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures.

Evaluation of immobilisation effects on metabolic activities and productivity in plant cell processes

The effects on stress metabolism in plant cell cultures were determined after encapsulation in pectin/chitosan coacervate capsules. Immobilisation of cells increased the production of hydrogen peroxide. Different kinds of stress mechanisms were identified in two cultures. To characterise effects of immobilisation in detail, elicitation by polysaccharides used for coacervate formation were studied to evaluate the impact of chitosan or pectin on cell growth and stress metabolite synthesis in Cruciata glabra and Vitis vinifera cell suspensions. In V. vinifera, chitosan treatment significantly increased production of hydrogen peroxide and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), where as anthocyanin concentrations were similar to control cultures. In C. glabra, immobilisation process enhanced hydrogen peroxide synthesis up to 533% followed by an improved anthraquinone concentration of 556%. The data indicate that immobilisation can be an effective tool to improve the effectiveness of a plant cell production process. This was dependent on type of cell culture used. Immobilisation stress detected by hydrogen peroxides was directly transducted into anthraquinone production.

In Vivo NMR at 800 MHz to Monitor Alkaloid Metabolism in Plant Cell Cultures without Tracer Labeling

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTIn Vivo NMR at 800 MHz to Monitor Alkaloid Metabolism in Plant Cell Cultures without Tracer LabelingChristiane Hinse, Yuri V. Sheludko, Alessandro Provenzani, and Joachim H. H. StöckigtView Author Information Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Staudinger Weg 5, D-55099 Mainz, Germany Centro di Risonanze Magnetiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via L. Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 21, 5118–5119Publication Date (Web):May 8, 2001Publication History Received6 October 2000Revised5 April 2001Published online8 May 2001Published inissue 1 May 2001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja003613kCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views267Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (40 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Organic compounds,Precursors,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts

Reviews.

Book reviewed in this article: The Use of the Oxygen Electrode and Fluorescence Probes in Simple Measurements of Photosynthesis. By David Walker with illustrations by Richard Walker. Secondary Metabolism in Plant Cell Cultures. Edited by P. Morris, A. H. Scragg, A. Stafford and M. W. Fowler. On the Economy of Plant Form and Function. Edited by Thomas J. Givnish. A Functional Biology of Crop Plants. By V. Gutschick. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation (a series of topical volumes in developmental biology). Edited by W. Henning and J. Reinert. Embryogenesis in Angiosperms: A Developmental and Experimental Study. By V. Raghavan. The Anatomy of Wood: Its Diversity and Variability. By K. Wilson and D. J. B. White. The Biology of Symbiosis. By D. C. Smith and A. E. Douglas. Chrysophytes: Aspects and Problems. Edited by Jørgen Kristiansen and Robert A. Andersen. Atlas Florae Europaeae, Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe, Seven Caryophyllaceae (Silenoideae). Edited by Jaakko Jalas and Juha Suominen. Genera Graminum. Grasses of the World. By W. D. Clayton and S. A. Renvoize. Herbals. By Agnes Arber. Handbook of Holocene Palaeoecology and Palaeohydrology. Edited by B. J. Berglund.

SECONDARY METABOLISM IN PLANT CELL CULTURES (Book).

Plant, Cell & EnvironmentVolume 10, Issue 5 p. 438-438 SECONDARY METABOLISM IN PLANT CELL CULTURES (Book). J. B. Harborne, J. B. HarborneSearch for more papers by this author J. B. Harborne, J. B. HarborneSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1987 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11603708AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume10, Issue5July 1987Pages 438-438 RelatedInformation

Book reviews

Books reviewed in this article: WATER, FUNGI AND PLANTS. British Mycological Society Symposium 11. Edited by P. G. Ayres & L. Boddy SECONDARY METABOLISM IN PLANT CELL CULTURES. Edited by P. Morris, A. H. Scragg, A. Stafford and M. W. Fowler PLANT CELL CULTURE TECHNOLOGY. Edited by M. M. Yeoman PLANT PROTOPLASTS: A Biotechnological Tool for Plant Improvement. By T. Bengochea & J. H. Dodds

Neumann, K. H., Barz, W., Reinhard, E. (ed.): Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Plant Cell Cultures

Neumann, K. H., Barz, W., Reinhard, E. (ed.): Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Plant Cell Cultures

REVIEWS

Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Plant Cell Cultures. Ed. by K.‐H. Neumann, W. Barz and E. Reinhard. The Elements of Graphing Data. By W. S. Cleveland.

Probing secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures

In vitro cultured plant cells which still express parts of their secondary metabolism phenotype are versatile experimental systems for studies of biosynthesis and metabolic integration, enzymology, and genome organization. Single cell manipulation can also provide insight into the question of cell-to-cell variability and metabolic competence.