Metabolic Syndrome-related Factors Research Articles

Effective Screening of Advanced Fibrosis in Patients with MASLD using the FIB-4 Index Combined with Metabolic Syndrome-Related Factors

Effective Screening of Advanced Fibrosis in Patients with MASLD using the FIB-4 Index Combined with Metabolic Syndrome-Related Factors

Association between incidental perirenal fat stranding on CT and metabolic syndrome in otherwise healthy adults.

To investigate the association between metabolic syndrome and perirenal fat stranding (PRFS), which is defined as linear or curvilinear soft tissue densities in the perirenal fat on computed tomography (CT). Adults who had abdominal CT for health screening at a single institution between October 2022 and March 2023 were included retrospectively. Two radiologists assessed the extent of PRFS for each CT and graded it as absent, mild/moderate, and severe. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between PRFS and metabolic syndrome-related factors, as well as age and gender. Among 701 participants (mean age, 56.8years ± 9.7; 336 women and 365 men), 87 (12.4%) had mild (n = 80) or moderate (n = 7) PRFS. None had severe PRFS. The presence of PRFS was independently associated with higher body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 2.561 and 9.842 for overweight and obese, respectively; p ≤ 0.001), elevated blood pressure with or without anti-hypertensive medication (OR, 2.232; p = 0.015), anti-diabetic medication (OR, 3.129; p < 0.001), and lipid-lowering medication (OR, 1.919; p = 0.019), older age (OR, 4.545 and 9.109 for 50-59years and ≥ 60years, respectively; p ≤ 0.002), and male gender (OR, 10.065; p < 0.001). Sixty three of 87 (72.4%) participants with PRFS had metabolic syndrome, while 265 of 614 (43.2%) participants without PRFS did (p < 0.001). Incidental mild or moderate PRFS may be associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome or related disorders in otherwise healthy adults.

Effect of Baduanjin Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

While people's living standards are improving, the incidence of chronic diseases due to a lack of exercise is increasing. Complex health conditions (e.g., metabolic syndrome) are becoming common, and means to lower their incidence are essential. This study systematically reviewed the literature and performed a meta-analysis on the effects of Baduanjin exercise on metabolic syndrome-related factors. Using four English databases and three Chinese databases, randomized controlled trials on the effects of Baduanjin exercise on metabolic syndrome were identified. We analyzed whether Baduanjin could alleviate various metabolic syndrome indicators according to our selection guidelines. We found that Baduanjin exercise had positive effects on blood pressure (systolic blood pressure: mean difference (MD)=-6.39; 95% confidence interval (CI): -9.86 to -2.92; I2=12%; diastolic blood pressure: MD=-2.86; 95% CI: -5.96 to -0.23; I2=35%; P=0.07) and total cholesterol (standardized mean (SMD)= -0.55; 95% CI: -1.11 to 0.02; I2=86%; P=0.06), triglyceride (SMD=-0.29; 95% CI: -1.13 to - 0.56; I2=94%; P<0.51), and low-density cholesterol (SMD =-0.33; 95% CI: -0.52 to -0.14; I2=0%; P<0.0007) levels. This evidence shows that Baduanjin exercise provides beneficial effects by improving metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in adults. This suggests that Baduanjin exercise could be an effective alternative or complementary approach to conventional treatments for adults with metabolic problems. Additionally, these findings suggest that more rigorous randomized control trials are needed in the future.

Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Quality of Life, Depressive Mood and Metabolic Syndrome in Obstructive Lung Disease Patients: Analysis of Data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2014 and 2016.

The objective of this study was to investigate whether alcohol consumption might affect the quality of life (QOL), depressive mood, and metabolic syndrome in patients with obstructive lung disease (OLD). Data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2014 and 2016. OLD was defined as spirometry of forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity &lt;0.7 in those aged more than 40 years. QOL was evaluated using the European Quality of Life Questionnaire-5D (EQ-5D) index. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess the severity of depressive mood. Alcohol consumption was based on a history of alcohol ingestion during the previous month. A total of 984 participants with OLD (695 males, 289 females, age 65.8±9.7 years) were enrolled. The EQ-5D index was significantly higher in alcohol drinkers (n=525) than in non-alcohol drinkers (n=459) (0.94±0.11 vs. 0.91±0.13, p=0.002). PHQ- 9 scores were considerably lower in alcohol drinkers than in non-alcohol drinkers (2.15±3.57 vs. 2.78±4.13, p=0.013). However, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption was not associated with EQ-5D index or PHQ-9 score. Body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein &lt;40 mg/dL in men and &lt;50 mg/dL in women, and blood pressure ≥130/85 mm Hg were significantly more common in alcohol drinkers than in non-alcohol drinkers (all p&lt;0.05). Alcohol consumption did not change the QOL or depressive mood of OLD patients. However, metabolic syndrome-related factors were more common in alcohol drinkers than in non-alcohol drinkers.

Metabolic syndrome-related factors as possible targets for lower urinary tract symptoms in Korean males

Introduction A positive association between benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)/lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) was reported in several studies, but studies from Asia often showed conflicting results. Materials and methods Medical records were obtained from a health promotion center database between 2021 and 2022. Men without a history of treatment for LUTS were evaluated using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), transrectal ultrasonography. Results Of 1345 individuals, 603 (44.8%) had MetS. Older age, higher IPSS values, higher prevalence rates of BPH and overactive bladder, higher triiodothyronine, and lower testosterone and sex-hormone binding globulin were observed in individuals with MetS than in individuals without MetS. The severity of LUTS significantly increased in the individuals with MetS (p = .002). In individuals with MetS, age, HbA1c, and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) were associated with IPSS. For OABSS, age, HbA1c, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), coronary artery occlusive disease, and CVD were identified as predictors. Conclusions We confirmed the positive correlation between MetS and BPH/LUTS in Korean. Factors including TSH and atherosclerosis affected LUTS in individuals with MetS. These findings suggested a potential role of thyroid hormones and atherosclerosis in the etiology and treatment of BPH/LUTS in patients with MetS.

Association of clinical symptoms and metabolic syndrome-related factors in patients undergoing high tibial osteotomy.

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the relationship between clinical outcomes after high tibial osteotomy and metabolic syndrome-related factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. [Participants and Methods] A total of 73 patients (73 knees) who underwent high tibial osteotomy for knee osteoarthritis between 2018 and 2020 were included. We investigated the correlation between metabolic syndrome-related factors and clinical symptom assessment (Japanese Orthopedic Association Score) and examined knee function and lower alignment. [Results] At three months postoperatively, the Japanese Orthopedic Association score showed no main and synergistic effects on metabolic syndrome-related factors, and the preoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association score only showed a main effect on metabolic syndrome-related factors. At 12 months postoperatively, the Japanese Orthopedic Association score showed main and synergistic effects on diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and dislipidemia. [Conclusion] Metabolic syndrome-related factors are associated with poorer clinical outcomes after high tibial osteotomy.

온라인 Home-based 운동이 20대 여성의 대사증후군 및 건강관련체력에 미치는 영향

Since the spread of COVID19, participation of home-based exercise has expected to increase as more people work from home and spend time with their families. In this study, 35 healthy women in their 20s were conducted to identify the effects of online home-based exercise programs on metabolic syndrome and health-related physical fitness factors for 12 weeks. The metabolic syndrome-related factors waist circumference, triglyceride, HDL-C, blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar were investigated. For health-related factors physical fitness, leg strength, muscular strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular endurance, and flexibility were investigated. regarding metabolic syndrome-related factors, the exercise group and the control group showed a difference in waist circumference before and after exercise. regarding health-related fitness factors, the exercise group and the control group showed a difference in cardiopulmonary endurance (20M shuttle run), Muscular endurance (sit-up), flexibility (sit-and-reach) before and after exercise. Combining these results, the Home-based online exercise program helped prevent metabolic syndrome and relieve symptoms, and helped positively change health-related variables.

Association of Anti Mullerian Hormone with Biochemical markers in womens with and without Polycystic Ovarian disease

Introduction: The frequency of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has come to nearly epidemic extents in ladies of reproductive age around the world. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is one of the foremost common endocrinological problems in ladies. In expansion to chronic oligo-anovulation, the fundamental highlights of the PCOS incorporate raised levels of circulating androgens or clinical hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovary morphology, modified gonadotropin secretion, insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia frequently related with obesity. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the affiliations of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) with biochemical characteristics between ladies with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Material &amp; Method: Study design: Quantitative cross sectional Settings: Lady Wallington Hospital Lahore Duration: Six months i.e. 1st July 2021 to 31st December 2021 Methodology: Quantitative cross sectional study was performed at lady Wallington hospital Lahore. The total numbers of patients were 150. Age of females was in between 18-35 years. The diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome was made according to the Rotterdam ESHRE-ASRM criteria. The various parameters which include Body mass index, lipid profile, Blood sugar levels, FSH, LH, Prolactin, testosterone levels, AMH DHEA-S, HOMA-IR and adiponectin were measured. Collected data was entered in SPSS version 23 and analyzed. Results: Data for females with PCOS and control summarized briefly in table no 1. AMH level have significant p value 0.001 and clearly showed that it is higher in females with PCOS whether fatty or non-fatty than normal or control. Conclusion: In conclusion, AMH levels were essentially higher in ladies with PCOS, in any case of age and BMI, and exhibited no relationship with obesity, insulin resistance, or metabolic syndrome-related factors. Only testosterone shown an impact on serum AMH levels in PCOS group, whereas age, adiponectin as well as testosterone altogether related with AMH levels within the control group. Keywords: Polycystic ovarian syndrome, AMH, Gonadotrophin, TSH, Insulin

Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin is a sensitive marker of alcohol consumption in fatty liver disease.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-associated/related liver disease (ALD) with metabolic syndrome is increasing globally. Metabolic syndrome and excessive alcohol consumption synergically exacerbate liver pathologies; therefore, drinking-specific serum markers unaffected by liver injury or metabolic syndrome are essential for assessing alcohol consumption. We evaluated the ratio of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin to total transferrin (%CDT) in patients with fatty liver disease, particularly focusing on its correlation with metabolic factors (UMIN000033550). A total of 120 patients with fatty liver disease, including ALD and NAFLD, were screened for alcohol misuse using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Associations of metabolic syndrome-related factors and hepatic steatosis/liver stiffness with drinking markers, such as %CDT, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), were assessed using multiple linear regression analyses. %CDT significantly increased with 3-4 drinks/day. The optimal cutoff value for identifying non- to light drinkers was 1.78% (sensitivity, 71.8%; specificity, 83.7%; and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC], 0.851), which was significantly higher than that for GGT. The cutoff value for identifying heavy drinkers was 2.08% (sensitivity, 65.5%; specificity, 86.8%; and AUROC, 0.815). Multiple regression analysis revealed that this proportion was negatively correlated with body mass index, whereas GGT and MCV were influenced by multiple factors involved in liver injury and dyslipidemia. %CDT showed a strong correlation with alcohol consumption, independent of liver damage, steatosis/stiffness, or metabolic syndrome-related factors, indicating that it is a useful drinking marker for the accurate diagnosis of NAFLD and ALD.

Fully Ripe “Ataulfo” Mango (Mangifera indica L) Peel, Pulp and Isolated Fiber: Sources of Bioactive Components Against Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the proximal composition of pulp, peel and isolated fiber of fully ripe “Ataulfo” mango, as a potential sources of bioactive components against factors associated with the metabolic syndrome. Methods Fully ripe Ataulfo mangos were harvest from Sinaloa, Mexico. Pulp and peels were separated, lyophilized and grounded. Lyophilized peels were whashed using a 80% ethanol and acetone solution to obtain isolated fiber. Proximal analysis was performed using the official AOAC methodologies for protein, fat, ash and soluble and insoluble dietary fiber. Glucose, fructose and saccharose were analyzed using enzymatic method. Folin-Ciocaltieu assay was used to evaluate total phenolics, total flavonoids were measured by spectrophotometry. Vitamin C and b-carotene were determinated by UV-Vis chromatography. Neutral sugars were measured by alditol acetates method. Data analysis was done using SAS statistic software. Results Great differences in the bioactive composition between pulp, peel and isolated fiber were observed. Mango pulp had 71% and 10.1%, while isolated fiber 0.9 and 81% of free sugars and dietary fiber respectively. Mango peel exhibed a balanced free sugar (38%) and fiber quantities (41%), and also the highest amounts of phenolics and total flavonoids, b-carotene and vitamin C. Soluble and insoluble fiber ratio was around 1 in pulp, peel and isolated fiber, which is considered as good quality dietary fiber. Glucose, arabinose and galactose were major neutral sugars, and revealed probable structure type arabinogalactan, b-glucan or arabinan. Mango peel had the most abundant content of dietary fiber, total phenolic and flavonoids, vitamin C and β-carotene, and the lowest amount of free sugars compared to mango pulp. According to the reported literature, our products could have bioactive components against the metabolic syndrome related factors, and even better, mango peel had less free sugars than mango pulp. Conclusions Mango peel seems to have the major presence of bioactive compounds compared to mango pulp, After this proximal analysis, mango peel can not longer be considered as a waste product. More studies need be done in order to probe the effectiveness of the bioactive components found in mango peel associated with the control of the most important risk factors related to the metabolic syndrome. Funding Sources University of Sinaloa, CIAD.

Metabolic Properties of Lowdensity Lipoprotein (LDL) Triglycerides in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes, Comparison with Small Dense LDL-Cholesterol.

Aims: Abnormal compositional changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, such as triglyceride (TG) enrichment and size reduction, are common in patients with diabetes. Several cohort studies have demonstrated that LDL-TG and sdLDL-cholesterol (C) are sensitive biomarkers for predicting atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases beyond LDL-C. Although sdLDL has been extensively studied, little is known about the properties of LDL-TG. We investigated similarities or differences between LDL-TG and sdLDL-C. Methods: Fasting plasma was obtained from 1,085 patients with type 2 diabetes who were enrolled in the diabetes regional cohort study (ViNA Cohort). LDL-TG and sdLDL-C concentrations were measured using a homogeneous assay established by us. In a subset of subjects, LDL-TG and sdLDL-C levels were measured postprandially or after treatment with lipid-lowering drugs. Results: In a quartile analysis, higher LDL-TG quartiles were associated with higher frequency of female and fibrate users, whereas sdLDL-C quartiles were associated with frequency of men, drinking, and metabolic syndrome-related measurements. Higher quartiles of LDL-TG/LDL-C were associated with smoking, drinking, fibrate users, and statin users. LDL-TG was significantly correlated with TG, LDL-C, sdLDL-C, and apolipoprotein (apo) B, with apoB being the primary determinant. LDL-TG correlated to high sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) independently of other lipids. Mean LDL-TG did not change with fasting/non-fasting. Statin treatment reduced LDL-TG, whereas fibrates increased it, but these drugs reduced sdLDL-C equally. Conclusions: LDL-TG levels were more tightly regulated by the number of LDL particles than plasma TG levels were. SdLDL-C was closely associated with metabolic syndrome-related factors, whereas LDL-TG was associated with low-grade systemic inflammation.

HbA1c and Aortic Calcification Index as Noninvasive Predictors of Pre-Existing Histopathological Damages in Living Donor Kidney Transplantation.

We previously reported that allografts from living donors may have pre-existing histopathological damages, defined as the combination of interstitial fibrosis (ci), tubular atrophy (ct), and arteriolar hyalinosis (ah) scores of ≧1, according to the Banff classification. We examined preoperative characteristics to identify whether the degree of these damages was related to metabolic syndrome-related factors of donors. We conducted a single-center cross-sectional analysis including 183 living kidney donors. Donors were divided into two groups: chronic change (ci + ct ≧ 1 ∩ ah ≧ 1, n = 27) and control (n = 156). Preoperative characteristics, including age, sex, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), aortic calcification index (ACI), and psoas muscle index (PMI), were analyzed. Comparing the groups, the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate was not significantly different; however, we observed a significant difference for ACI (p = 0.009). HbA1c (p = 0.016) and ACI (p = 0.006) were independent risk factors to predict pre-existing histopathological damages, whereas PMI was not. HbA1c correlated with ct scores (p = 0.035), and ACI correlated with ci (p = 0.005), ct (p = 0.021), and ah (p = 0.017). HbA1c and ACI may serve as preoperative markers for identifying pre-existing damages on the kidneys of living donors.

Impact of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A CT Evaluation

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) by evaluation of hepatic steatosis on computed tomography (CT). Methods: The study included 77 PCa patients who underwent abdominal CT at baseline and after 6 months of ADT. The degree of hepatic steatosis was evaluated according to the attenuation value for liver parenchyma (CT_LP), the attenuation ratio for liver and spleen (LS_ratio), and the difference in attenuation between LS (LS_dif). The associations between these 3 indices and various metabolic syndrome-related factors were analyzed. Results: The number of NAFLD patients increased from 9 (11.6%) at baseline to 16 (20.7%) after ADT. The CT_LP, LS_ratio, and LS_dif values were significantly lower after ADT than before (p < 0.05). There were significant correlations between the percent change in CT_LP and the percent change in HbA_1c, between the percent change in LS_ratio and the percent change in abdominal circumference, and between the percent change in LS_dif and the percent change in BMI. Conclusions: Six months of ADT was associated with significant progression of NAFLD in PCa patients. This progression was strongly correlated with changes in HbA_1c, abdominal circumference, and BMI.

Re: Impact of Metabolic Syndrome-Related Factors on the Development of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Asian Population.

Re: Impact of Metabolic Syndrome-Related Factors on the Development of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Asian Population.

Impact of metabolic syndrome-related factors on the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms in Asian population.

This study aimed to investigate the metabolic syndrome-related risk factors for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in healthy men.A total of 4880 healthy men who underwent transrectal ultrasonography at our hospital during routine health examinations were included in this study. Those who had undergone a prior biopsy or surgery for prostate disease, were suspected of having urinary tract infection, or were taking BPH/LUTS or metabolic syndrome medications were excluded. BPH/LUTS was defined as an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of ≥8 and a prostate volume (PV) of ≥30 cm3.The subjects had a mean age of 54.1 years, PV of 29.2 cm3, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of 1.20 ng/mL, and IPSS of 9.2. The annual PV growth rate was 0.48 cm3/year. Age, body mass index (BMI), PSA, basal metabolic rate, apolipoprotein A-1, fasting blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were significant predictive factors for PV. Age, PSA, apolipoprotein B, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, HDL, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were predictors of BPH/LUTS at the initial health examination. A decreased fat mass and LDL level were a significant risk factor for the development of BPH/LUTS within 5 years in men without a BPH/LUTS diagnosis at the initial examination.Metabolic syndrome-related variables were strongly associated with BPH/LUTS and by decreasing fat mass and LDL levels, development of BPH/LUTS could be prevented within 5 years in healthy Korean men.

The Role of Metabolic Syndrome in Endometrial Cancer: A Review.

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system. Although surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy can significantly improve the survival of patients, the treatment of patients with very early lesions and a strong desire to retain reproductive function or late recurrence is still in the early stages. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clustering of at least three of the five following medical conditions: central obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Obesity, diabetes and hypertension often coexist in patients with endometrial cancer, which increases the risk of endometrial cancer, also known as the “triple syndrome of endometrial cancer.” In recent years, epidemiological and clinical studies have found that MS associated with metabolic diseases is closely related to the incidence of endometrial cancer. However, the key molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of endometrial cancer by MS have not been elucidated to date. Characterizing the tumor metabolism microenvironment will be advantageous for achieving a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanism of metabolic syndrome associated with endometrial cancer and for providing a new target for the treatment of endometrial cancer. This review focuses on recent advances in determining the role of metabolic syndrome-related factors and mechanisms in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. We suggest that interfering with the tumor metabolic microenvironment-related molecular signals may inhibit the occurrence of endometrial cancer.

강도별 유산소운동이 아침형-저녁형 수면유형에 따른 중년여성의 수면의 질, 치매관련인자 및 대사증후군 관련인자에 미치는 영향

This study was conducted to observe the effect of aerobic exercise on the quality of sleep, dementia, and metabolic syndrome. 38 middle-aged women were divided into two groups by Morningness-Eveningness sleep type. The aerobic exercise by intensity was conducted with 38 subjects for 12 weeks. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was used to classify sleep types of subjects. Low intensity aerobic exercise was performed as 35% VO₂R and high intensity aerobic exercise performed as 70% VO₂R for 12 weeks at 3 times a week at 8:00 pm. As a result, there were 21 middle-aged women in the morningnes stype and 17 middle–aged women in the eveningness type. As a result of aerobic exercise by intensity, in eveningness sleep type, the low intensity aerobic exercise has positive effect on pittsburgh sleep quality index. The low and high intensity aerobic exercise had positive effect on dementia related factors. Also, in the morningness and eveningness sleep type, low and high intensity aerobic exercise had positive effect on fasting glucose and total cholesterol. In the eveningnes sleep type, low and high intensity aerobic exercise had positive effect on HDL-Cholesterol and in the morningness sleep type, low and high intensity aerobic exercise had positive effect on LDL-Cholesterol. Also, in the eveningness sleep type, low intensity aerobic exercise has positive effect on triglyceride. In conclusion, when prescribe exercise to middle-aged women considering pittsburgh sleep quality index, dementia related factors and metabolic syndrome related factors, the sleep type should be considered.

Health Belief Model-based Needs Assessment for Development of a Metabolic Syndrome Risk Reduction Program for Korean Male Blue-collar Workers in Small-sized Companies

Purpose: This study aimed to comprehend the real context of metabolic syndrome-related factors of Korean male blue-collar workers from small-sized companies based on the health belief model. Methods: A total of 37 workers from three companies were interviewed, and three series of focus group interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed using deductive content analysis. Results: Data were classified into four categories: knowledge, perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived barriers, and beliefs. Knowledge referred to low knowledge level; perceived susceptibility and severity referred to unawareness of susceptibility and severity; perceived barriers referred to shift work, overtime work, and a social context including having no choice but to drink; and beliefs referred to believing that health promotion behaviors do not relate to preventing metabolic syndrome, believing that one cannot prevent metabolic syndrome oneself, and believing that professional help is required. Conclusion: To prevent and reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome among Korean male blue-collar workers, interventions should focus on strategies to increase metabolic syndrome-related knowledge and perceptions, social support, and self-efficacy for practicing health behaviors. In addition, it is necessary to develop policies for establishing a healthy drinking culture in companies.

Predictive value of serum glycosylated hemoglobin for the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Objective: To discuss the affect of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level for the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in cohort population. Methods: An epidemiological survey of the relationship between HbA1c and NAFLD conducted in 2012 was based at cohort baseline, and three follow-up sessions conducted in 2013, 2014 and 2015. In total 2 811 subjects were included in the study after exclusion of NAFLD patients at baseline and those who lost their lives due to relocation, and death. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin and other risk factors of NAFLD. Continuous variables were compared using the t-test or the Mann-Whitney test. χ (2)-test was used for the measurement of categorical data. Results: A total of 2 811 subjects with mean age of 59 (58.2±9.8) years old, including 1 664 males and 1 147 females. Age, waist circumference, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, γ-glutamyltransferase and fasting blood glucose level of HbA1c abnormal group were higher than normal group. The incidence of NAFLD in the abnormal HbA1c level group (25.4%) was higher than normal group (14.9 %), and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower than normal group and the differences were statistically significant. During the three follow-up intervals, there were 440 new cases of NAFLD, consisting 285 males and 155 females with cumulative incidence of 15.7% (440/2 811). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients with elevated HbA1c had a higher risk of developing NAFLD (HR 1.796; 95% CI 1.335~2.418; P < 0.01), and the increased HbA1c level after adjustment for gender, age, and metabolic syndrome-related factors remained an independent risk factors for NAFLD (HR 1.580; 95.0% CI 1.161-2.152; P < 0.01). Conclusion: An elevated HbA1c levels have a positive predictive value for the onset of NAFLD.

Smoking and Drinking Did Not Increase the Failure of Therapeutic Helicobacter pylori Eradication by Vonoprazan, Clarithromycin, and Amoxicillin

Aims: The influence of lifestyle-related factors, including smoking and drinking, was evaluated for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy with vonoprazan or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Methods: Between 2012 and 2016, the medical records of 620 patients receiving H. pylori eradication therapy at Saiseikai Karatsu Hospital were evaluated. Patients had received vonoprazan (20 mg) or PPIs with 200 mg clarithromycin and 750 mg amoxicillin twice daily for 7 days. The influence of lifestyle-related factors on eradication failure was determined in the 2 groups. Results: The eradication rates for vonoprazan and lansoprazole, rabeprazole, and esomeprazole were, respectively, 91.0, 73.8, 72.0, and 84.6%. The vonoprazan eradication rate was significantly higher than those for the PPIs (p < 0.01). Habitual smoking and drinking did not increase eradication failure, and smoking and drinking during the eradication period did not reduce the eradication rate. Metabolic syndrome-related factors including obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus had no negative influence on the eradication rate. Eradication with vonoprazan was more effective compared with that achieved through the use of PPIs. Conclusion: Lifestyle-related factors including smoking and drinking did not exacerbate the H. pylori eradication failure, and vonoprazan was more effective than the PPIs.