Metabolic Activity Of Neutrophils Research Articles

Germanium citrate improves ovarian granulosa cells viability and antioxidant defense system in aging female mice during endotoxemia

The study aimed to investigate the vitality of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), metabolic activity of neutrophils, as well as the antioxidant system state in aging female mice subjected to experimental endotoxemia, as well as the influence of germanium (Ge) citrate on the studied parameters under these conditions. Treatment with Gramm-negative bacteria lipopolysaccharide caused pathological changes in mouse ovaries: a decrease in GCs viability by increasing necrosis, an enhancement of metabolic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils, an increase in lipid peroxidaxion products and a violation of the antioxidant defense system (as evidenced by an elevation of the content of reactive products of 2-thiobarbituric acid and a reduction of reduced glutathione in liver homogenate, as well as a decrease in the concentration of ceruloplasmin in blood serum of aging female mice). Pretreatment of mice with Ge citrate was effective to reduce GCs death and improve their viability, decrease the degree of disruption of the redox balance and weaken the activity of cells of non-specific immune protection in aging endotoxemic animals. Our results suggest that Ge citrate may offer promising therapeutic benefits. Its cytoprotective effects and regulatory role in the antioxidant defense system, combined with its potential to reduce the intensity of gram-negative bacterial toxins induced inflammation, imply its usefulness. This multifaceted action may help prevent ovarian cell aging and, consequently, improve reproductive function.

Dynamics of the innate immune response profile in patients with coronary heart disease at different terms after coronary artery stenting

Atherosclerosis is accompanied by damage to the vascular endothelium of arteries followed by development of inflammatory response and formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Innate immunity is an important component of this response being the earliest non-specific key mechanism. Our objective was to perform a comprehensive assessment of the cellular link of innate immunity, and to compare the results obtained at various terms after coronary stenting.The study involved 50 patients with coronary atherosclerosis (Group 1), who had clinical indications for stenting of coronary arteries, and 20 volunteers (Group 2), who have no signs of coronary artery disease. The study of immune parameters was carried out before surgery, at 4-5, 9-10 and 28-30 days after operation (during early postoperative period), as well as 6 and 12 months after stenting, i.e. over the late post-surgical period. Phenotyping of peripheral blood monocytes and lymphocytes was performed by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies (Beckman Coulter, USA). Intracellular content of Granzyme B was carried out with an FC500 flow laser cytofluorimeter. Metabolic activity of neutrophils was assessed by the NBT test. Alpha defensin was determined in blood plasma by ELISA technique (Hycult Biotech, USA). Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 12.0 program (StatSoft, USA). Statistical significance was considered significant at p ≤ 0.05.The numbers of natural killer cells and their activity, as well as those of monocytes, were increased in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. We have also shown a suppression of antigen presentation processes, an imbalance in microbicidal activity of neutrophils, with predominant secretion of antimicrobial peptides. Over the early post-surgical period, significant changes included only decreased content of intracellular Granzyme B on days 4-5, and expression of TLR4 and HLA-DR on days 4-5 and 9-10. During the late period, the patients with coronary artery disease exhibited a significant decrease in the content of some lymphocyte subsets: CD3+CD16+, CD16+Gr+ as well as amounts of monocytes: CD14+CD282+, CD14+CD284+, CD14+CD289+, along with HBT-test activity and α-defensin contents, and increased numbers of HLA-DR-expressing monocytes.There are changes in cellular component of innate immunity, indicating persistent inflammation in patients with coronary heart disease. The dynamics of revealed changes following coronary artery stenting may reflect a lability of assessed indicators mostly over the late postoperative period, thus serving a basis for predicting the outcome of coronary stenting.

Коригуючий вплив цитрату германію на репродуктивну функцію самиць зрілих мишей

Fertility decreases with a woman’s age, which is primarily associated with a deterioration in the quality and a decrease in the number of oocytes. Oxidative stress is the most likely factor influencing the decline in oocyte competence. The study of the effect of drugs with antioxidant properties can be a successful strategy for preventive intervention to improve the reproductive potential of women, which is of great medical and social importance. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of Ge citrate, obtained by electropulse nanotechnology, on the viability of ovarian granulosa cells, the state of the pro- and antioxidant systems, and the metabolic activity of neutrophils in female old mice. The studies were carried out on mature females of the Albino line (young - at the age of 6-8 weeks, weighing 20-22 g; old - at the age of 8-9 months, weighing 30-34 g). The results showed that in female aged mice, there was a decrease in viability and an increase in necrotic and apoptotic death of ovarian granulosa cells (GC). An increase in the content of the reactive products of 2-thiobarbituric acid in the liver tissue was revealed. With regard to antioxidant protection, a decrease in the level of ceruloplasmin in the blood serum was observed, however, the level of reduced glutathione in the liver homogenate was slightly increased. There was also an increase in the metabolic activity of neutrophils. The use of Ge citrate had a cytoprotective effect on the viability of GC, reducing their necrotic and apoptotic death. In addition, the effect of Ge citrate was accompanied by a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation, regulation of antioxidant protection, and a decrease in the functional activity of inflammatory effector cells, which was confirmed by a decrease in the activation of acid-independent and acid-independent metabolism of neutrophils in the peripheral blood of old mice. In addition, the effect of Ge citrate was accompanied by a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation, the regulation of antioxidant protection, and a decrease in the functional activity of inflammatory effector cells, which was confirmed by a decrease in the activation of oxygen-independent and oxygen-dependent metabolism of peripheral blood neutrophils in old mice. Thus, the results obtained in old female mice showed a positive effect of Ge citrate in preventing the development of oxidative stress, which is considered the main mechanism underlying ovarian aging.

Effect of quercetin and its combination with cyclodextrin on the healing of full-thickness skin wounds in laboratory rats

Macroscopic, histological, electron microscopic, microbiological, and immunological methods were used to study the healing of full-thickness skin wounds in laboratory rats under the influence of quercetin and its complex with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. It was revealed that under the influence of quercetin, the wound was completely covered with the epidermis almost a day earlier than in the control, and under the influence of a complex with 2-hydroxypropylβ-cyclodextrin 2.2 days earlier (p < 0.02). This was mainly due to the acceleration of marginal epidermization. There was no positive effect on the wound contraction. Quercetin and especially its complex with cyclodextrin had a stimulating effect on the phagocytic and metabolic activity of neutrophils both on the wound surface and in the blood of animals. The bacterial microflora present on the wound surface during healing coincided with the microflora of the intact skin. Neither the quercetin, nor the quercetin-2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin significantly affected its composition.

Nonspecific protective factors in patients with early latent syphilis (report 1)

The objective of this work is to study nonspecific protective factors in patients with latent early syphilis. The results of the study are based on the data of a comprehensive examination before treatment of 142 patients with early latent syphilis and 20 patients of the comparison group. Methods of investigation: serological methods for the diagnosis of syphilis complex of serological reactions, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgM, IgG), Indirect immunofluorescence reaction (RIF) RIF-200, RIF-abs; determination of cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNFα and INFγ in blood serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; determination of the phenotype of lymphocytes (CD-receptors), the concentration of circulating immune complexes, phagocytic number, phagocytic index, Nitroblue tetrazolium test. In the blood serum of patients the concentration of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα, INFγ was significantly increased. The concentration of IL-10 and IL-6 was also significantly increased in patients with more than 1 year of infection. The most significant disorders of the parameters of the metabolic activity of neutrophils were found in patients with an infection of more than 1 year; an imbalance in the circulating immune complexes concentration was also established. Under the increasing duration of the infection, the concentration of CD16+ in the blood serum progressively decreases. The content of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood serum of patients with early latent syphilis was significantly increased and depended on the timing of infection. This relationship was most pronounced for IL-6 and IL-10. In patients with early latent syphilis there is also an imbalance between CD25+ and late activation factor HLA-DR against the background of a progressive decrease in the number of CD16+ lymphocytes. A direct relationship was established between the time of infection and the number of NK-cells. The revealed disorders may be the consequence of significant disorders on the part of neutrophils and may be one of the factors of the latent course of syphilitic infection.

State of Immunological Reactivity of Rat’s Body after Exposure to Different Doses of γ-Radiation in a Long Period and their Offense of the 1st Generation

Abstract
 BACKGROUND: Recently, the problem of changes in immunological reactivity has become important with the growth of immunodeficiency states of a different nature. [4]. High radiosensitivity of the immune system, its stability in time and the irreversibility of some post-radiation changes can contribute to the development of long-term effects of radiation [2,3,6]. One of the tasks of modern medicine and biology is to study the effect of chronic or fractionated ionizing effects on the body's immune system both in the early and late periods of irradiation and their 1st generation descendants [1,2,3,11,12]. Therefore, it is necessary to study the long-term effects of sublethal and fractionated effects of g-radiation on the immunological reactivity of the organism, nonspecific phagocytic resistance and their 1st generation descendants.
 AIM: The aim of this study was to study the long-term effects of sublethal and fractionated effects of g-radiation on the immunological reactivity of the organism, nonspecific phagocytic resistance and their 1st generation descendants..
 METHODS: 7 series of experiments were performed on 105 white outbred sexually mature rats. 1-series intact (n=15), 2nd series - (n = 15) irradiated with a sublethal dose of 6 Gr. (1 month), 3rd series - irradiated with a sublethal dose (3 months, n = 20), 4 - descendants 1 - generations after sublethal dose, 5 series - irradiated with a fractionated dose (1 month), 6 series - irradiated with a fractionated dose (3 months), 7 - descendants of the 1st generation after fractionated -irradiation. Each series used 15 animals. Irradiation of animals 2 - 3 - 4 series was carried out on the Russian radiotherapy device "Agat-RM" -rays 60Co, the dose of sublethal irradiation is 6 Gr. Irradiation of animals of 5-6-7 series was carried out on the Russian radiotherapy device "Agat-RM" with 60Co-rays with topometric and dosimetric preparation of experimental animals, which facilitates the administration of a fractionated dose of 2 Gr. to animals three times within 3 weeks.
 RESULTS: In the long-term period after fractionated g-irradiation in the T-system of immunity, the following changes occur: against the background of an increase in the total number of lymphocytes, there is a decrease in the pool of CD3 +, CD4 + lymphocytes, immunoregulatory index, normalization of the lymphokine-producing ability of lymphocytes and a decrease in the pool of CD8 + lymphocytes. In the long-term period after fractionated g-irradiation in the humoral link of immunity, an increase in the absolute amount of CD19 + by 3.5 times was noted, which significantly exceeded the indicators of both control and intact animals. The percentage of this pool of cells exceeded the data of intact ones by 1.7 times. In the studied time period, the antibody-producing ability in the spleen increased from 22 ± 1.3 to 45 ± 2.6, without reaching, however, the level of intact animals. At the same time, there was a significant decrease in the suppression index to 13% (P<0.001) and the CIC concentration by 14 times (P<0.001) in the blood serum. The indicators of F/n and NST-test were high by 1.43 and 2.46 times, respectively. So, in the long-term period after exposure to a fractionated dose of g-radiation, the nonspecific phagocytic resistance of the organism is increased.
 CONCLUSIONS: The tension in the humoral link of immunity is manifested by a decrease in the quantitative and qualitative indicators and an increase in the functional and metabolic activity of neutrophils.

Статеві й вікові особливості змін імунологічних показників у хворих на рак щитоподібної залози і хворих на токсичний зоб після радіойодотерапії

Мета: провести порівняльний аналіз цитотоксичної активності NK-клітин і метаболічної активності нейтрофілів (НФ) до і після радіойодотерапії (РЙТ) у хворих на диференційований рак щитоподібної залози (ДРЩЗ) залежно від статі, віку, наявності віддалених метастазів і у хворих на токсичний зоб (ТЗ) залежно від статі. Матеріали та методи. Визначили імунологічні показники в трьох групах тиреоїдектомованих хворих із ДРЩЗ. У групу 1 ввійшли 48 осіб (30 жінок, 18 чоловіків) молодого віку (від 11 до 39 років) без віддалених метастазів ДРЩЗ. Групу 2 становили 40 хворих (23 жінки, 17 чоловіків) молодого віку (від 16 до 40 років) із віддаленими метастазами ДРЩЗ. Групу 3 становили 55 хворих (30 жінок, 25 чоловіків) старшого віку (від 41 до 75 років) із віддаленими метастазами ДРЩЗ. Середня кількість курсів РЙТ у жінок групи 1 становила 1,10 ± 0,04, у чоловіків — 1,50 ± 0,24, у жінок групи 2 — 5,4 ± 0,7, у чоловіків — 6,3 ± 0,8. У хворих старшого віку (група 3) середня кількість курсів РЙТ у жінок становила 5,4 ± 0,3, у чоловіків — 5,5 ± 0,7. Визначали імунологічні показники в 30 хворих (22 жінки, 8 чоловіків) із ТЗ віком від 23 до 67 років. Хворі на ТЗ отримали курс РЙТ. Імунологічне дослідження проводили напередодні й у ранній термін (5 чи 6 діб) після РЙТ. Цитотоксичну активність NК-клітин проти індикаторних клітин-мішеней визначали, використовуючи спектрофотометрію. Метаболічну активність НФ досліджували в стандартному тесті відновлення нітросинього тетразолію. Результати. У ранній термін після РЙТ активність NK-клітин знижується в чоловіків молодого віку групи 1. У чоловіків молодого віку групи 2 активність NК-клітин після РЙТ знижується більшою мірою, ніж у групі 1. Активність NК-клітин у чоловіків старшого віку (група 3) і до, і після РЙТ істотно нижча, ніж у жінок, і значно нижча, ніж у чоловіків молодого віку. Після РЙТ метаболічна активність НФ у хворих на ДРЩЗ чоловіків і жінок збільшується в групі 1 і в чоловіків групи 2. У жінок групи 1 цей показник значно більший, ніж у чоловіків. У чоловіків і жінок групи 2 метаболічна активність НФ після РЙТ істотно менша, ніж у хворих групи 1. У хворих на ТЗ осіб чоловічої статі активність NK-клітин напередодні РЙТ нижча, а метаболічна активність НФ значно вища, ніж у жінок. Після РЙТ збільшення активності NК-клітин у хворих на ТЗ більшою мірою відбувається в осіб жіночої статі, а метаболічної активності НФ — в осіб чоловічої статі. Висновки. Порівняльний аналіз результатів дослідження раннього впливу 131І на цитотоксичну активність NK-клітин і метаболічну активність НФ виявив особливості змін цих показників у хворих на ДРЩЗ залежно від віку, статі, наявності віддалених метастазів, у хворих на ТЗ — залежно від статі.

Indirect effect of substances of the hemophagous parasite Hirudo verbana on the immune system of the host rats.

A positive relationship between the hematophagous parasite-medicinal leech and the host (animals and humans) has been partially shown by many authors. But only direct influence was shown, and how they can influence indirectly has not been studied by anyone. Therefore, it became relevant to analyse the immunological parameters of blood and histological analysis of the central lymphoid organ of female rats on the 30th day after the birth of their offspring, as well as the same indicators in their offspring on the 30th and 60th days of ontogenesis under the indirect influence of saliva substances of the hematophagous parasite Hirudo verbana. The parasite attachments were carried out to male rats before mating; after four attachments, males were added to the females. After pregnancy, the females were removed. The analysis of indicators was carried out according to the goal. We counted the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, analysed the leukocyte blood count, studied the phagocytic and metabolic activity of neutrophils, histologically analysed the thymus, carried out a statistical analysis. Under the indirect influence of the substances of the parasite saliva, in experimental female rats and their offspring, in comparison with the control group, a significant increase in the number of leukocytes and erythrocytes is observed. The leukocyte blood count in the experimental group remains unchanged in females and their offspring in comparison with the control. When analysing the thymus in the experimental group, the number of lymphocytes significantly increases in females and their offspring. Substances of the hematophagous parasite are able to indirectly positively influence the general condition of pregnant female rats, and later their offspring. It should be noted that the parasite did not directly affect females and their offspring.

ДИНАМИКА КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ И ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПРИ КОМПЛЕКСНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ КАНДИДА-АССОЦИИРОВАННОГО ПАРОДОНТИТА

Subject. The problem of complex treatment of candida-associated periodontitis is considered. The authors propose a two-component probiotic, which, due to antagonistic activity regarding periodontal pathogenic infection and fungi of the genus Candida, leads to the relief of the inflammatory process, positive dynamics and stabilization of immunological parameters.
 The aim ― to evaluate the dynamics of clinical and immunological parameters in the complex treatment of candida-associated periodontitis with an average degree of quantitative seeding of periodontal pockets using a two-component probiotic.
 Methodology. A clinical and laboratory examination of three groups (I, II, III) of patients with Candida-associated periodontitis with an average degree of quantitative contamination of periodontal pockets (> 3 <6 CFU / ml) was carried out. Patients I groups were prescribed the well-known complex treatment including an antimycotic drug, patients II groups included a two-component probiotic locally in the treatment complex, and patients III groups locally and per os. The state of the oral mucosa was assessed, PMA, PI, OHI - S were determined, and indicators of cellular and humoral immunity were examined.
 Results. The study made it possible to establish that the inclusion of a two-component probiotic in the complex of treatment of candida-associated periodontitis with an average degree of quantitative contamination of periodontal pockets with fungi of the genus Candida contributes to the relief of the inflammatory process, an increase in phagocytosis, the metabolic activity of neutrophils, the concentration of immunoglobulins A, lysozyme levels, and a decrease in the concentration of immunoglobulins. G, positive dynamics of other indicators of immunity and their stabilization.
 Conclusions. The inclusion of a two-component probiotic from two strains in the complex treatment of chronic hepatitis C associated with fungi of the genus Candida contributes to the rapid relief of the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues, positive dynamics and stabilization of cellular and humoral immunity parameters.

FEATURES OF PATHOGENESIS, THE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS, ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM, AND THE FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF NEUTROPHILS IN CHILDREN WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA

The review presents data on the incidence rate, features of pathogenesis, antioxidant status, and functional and metabolic activity of neutrophils in children with community-acquired pneumonia.

Reactive arthritis imunopathogenesis

Introduction. It is known, that reactive arthritis is one of the widespread joints pathology. In recent years an increase in the number of patients with this pathology has been observed. Causative factors of reactive arthritis are completely unexplored today, the question of pathogenesis of reactive arthritis remains for discussions. Inflamatory diseases of joins, wich are developing due to immune disorders after urogenital, intestinal or respiratory infection belong to reactive arthritis.The aim of the study – to learn the functional activity of cells of phagocytic system (monocytes and neutrophils of peripheral blood) and detection of diagnostic value of phagocytic reactions in cases of reactive arthritis.Research Methods. The investigations were conducted on blood samples, of patients with reactive arthritis (n=20) and healthy donors (n=12). The phagocytic activity of neutrophils was determined using method based on endocytosis latex particles by phagocytes, which are visualized in cytoplasm of cells in form of round granules with blue color. Test with nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT-test) was carried out according to the change of color NBT in presents of reactive oxygen species. The counting of neutrophils with blue color granules allows to determine fraction of neutrophils with reactive oxygen species.Results and Discussion. Trigger factor causing development of reactive arthritis mostly is Chlamidia trachomatis (36 %). Patients with this pathology have statistically significant changes of functional metabolic activity of neutrophils and monocytes of blood. By such indicators as amount of white blood cells, monocytes and neutrophils in peripheral blood and phagocytic activity in cases of reactive arthritis signs of inflammation have been detected.Conclusion. Received data testify about decreased phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes of blood with the development of reactive arthritis.

Применение аллогенных гепатоцитов для коррекции метаболических нарушений при хронической алкогольной интоксикации

According to the experiment 60-day introduction of ethanol leads to the development of the main biochemical syndromes of liver damage: intracellular cytolysis and cholestasis, toxic hepatopathy of immuno-inflammatory type and failure of the synthetic processes, oxidizing stress, imbalance of functional and metabolic activity of neutrophils and erythrocytes of the circulating blood. Against this background the introduction of xenogenic hepatocytes enables to normalize 20.7% of the changed metabolic indicators and corrects 62.1% but not to the normal values. The use of allogeneic hepatocytes normalizes and corrects 44.8% and 55.2% of parameters, but the use of cultural liquid of the allogeneic hepatocytes was the most effective.

REGULATION OF IMMUNE RESPONSE OF PATIENTS WITH PARTIALLY CONTROLLED vs CONTROLLED BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

A control group included seventeen conditionally healthy people (Group 1). Eighty-eight patients with proven bronchial asthma (BA) at the age of 22 to 48 were enrolled into the study. I.e., Group 2 included nine patients with well-controlled BA. Group 3 included persons with partially controlled BA (n=79). There were 8 people with easily treated BA in group 2, and 57 such cases in Group 3. The levels of interleukins (IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A), interferon-γ (IFNγ), and tumor-α necrosis factor (TNFα) were monitored by means of flow cytometry technique. The parameters of cellular immunity were registered by flow cytofluorimetry assays. Phagocytosis indicators were studied by means of D. Mayansky method, metabolic activity of neutrophils, by the B.Park method, as modified by E.Shmelev. Evaluation of cellular immunity did not reveal statistically significant differences for distinct CD subpopulations between healthy controls and BA patients. The patients with controlled and partially controlled BA exhibited some changes in cytokine concentrations, i.e., increased IL-4, IL-17А, IL-10 and TNFα levels; changes in phagocytosis and oxygen dependent bactericidal activities of neutrophils. We have revealed higher concentrations of IL-4, IL-17А in the less controlled BA (group 3) , as compared with group 2. TNFα induction remained at significantly higher level in both groups of BA patients, exceeding mean control values by 2.3 times. The degree of IL-10 production in group 2 with controlled BA was significantly higher than in group with partial disease control (group 3, p < 0.001), thus suggesting application of IL-10 levels as an index of active inflammation control. Patients with BA (groups 2, 3) exhibited a decrease of basal IFNγ, as compared to healthy people (p < 0.001). In group 3 (partial control), this parameter was 3-fold lower than in healthy persons. Evaluation of monocyte/phagocyte functions showed statistically significant differences between BA patients and healthy persons. Functional reserve of granulocyte activity and oxidative metabolism were decreased to a similar degree in the patients with well-controlled and partially resistant BA, thus showing their independence on the quality of disease control.

Titanium dioxide stimulates phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils

The aim. Evaluation of the TiO2 effect on the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils. Materials and methods. 17 people were examined - 10 people with atopic bronchial asthma (m/f - 5/5, mean age - 38 [28, 48]), verified according to the international criteria, the second group (control) - 7 people - healthy controls (m/f - 3/4, mean age - 23 [21; 26] years). The phagocytic index and neutrophil activity in the NBT-test were calculated for all the examined patients. 0.008% solution of TiO2 (based on 1 mg / kg of body weight) was added to the test-samples, control samples were added with the physiological solution, standard samples - with a suspension of killed Staphylococcus aureus. All the samples were incubated for 30 minutes at 37°C, the ready smears were microscopied with counting the amount of formazan-positive granulocytes in the NST-test and cells that absorbed 1 or more Stf particles per 100 granulocytes. Results. TiO2 stimulated phagocytosis of staphylococcus with blood neutrophils in 53% of the examined patients by 8-30% (p = 0.02). Under the influence of TiO2 activity of phagocytes significantly increased, in comparison with that in spontaneous NST-test (p = 0.0001), but was lower than induction by staphylococcus (p = 0.049). In patients with allergopathology, TiO2 stimulated phagocytosis of staphylococcus and neutrophil activity in the NBT-test was also effective, as was the culture of staphylococcus aureus (31.2% compared to 34.3%). In the healthy group, the TiO2 solution increased the activity of neutrophils in the NST-test, compared with the physiological solution (on average and in 71% of cases by 10-18%), but not so than the culture of staphylococcus (24%, compared to 39, 7%). Among healthy people, there was a correlation between the hereditary of allergy and the neutrophil activity in the NBT-test with TiO2 (0.78). Conclusions. It was found that 0.008% solution of TiO2 stimulated the activity of neutrophils in the NBT-test, both in patients with atopic bronchial asthma and healthy people after 30 minutes of incubation in a thermostat. In patients with allergies, TiO2 increased phagocytosis of staphylococcus, as well as metabolic activity of neutrophils so much as staphylococcus. A strong correlation was found between the hereditary allergies and the increased metabolic activity of blood phagocytes in the NBT-test with TiO2 in healthy individuals.

Phagocytic and metabolic activity of neutrophils of rats in the early stages of post-embryonic development under the influence of biologically active substances of the salt extract of Hirudo verbana

The nitroblue tetrazolium test reflects the degree of activation of oxygen-dependent mechanisms of bactericidal activity of phagocytotic cells, so the increase in nbt-test and phagocytic indices shows increased activation in the bacterial process and enhanced protection with the help of the absorption ability of the cells in the body. We examined females of nonlinear rats after feeding of their offspring, which 2 weeks before and 2 weeks after mating were injected intraperitoneally with antigens of saline extract of medical leeches (4 injections) and the offspring at days 1, 15, 30, 45, 60. The dosage of salt extract antigens was carried out by determining the protein concentrations using the Lowry protein assay. The animals were immobilized using an immobilizing device. The animals were distributed into three groups: the first research and experimental group of animals was subject to the influence of medical leech salt extract antigens to the amount of 0.5 ml (at the rate of 3 µg/g of animal weight); the second group of intact animals was not subject to intervention, the third control group of animals was administered intraperitoneally saline 0.5 ml of 9% saline solution. We studied females after feeding offspring and offspring at 1, 15, 30, 60 days. The animals were kept in vivarium conditions in individual cages on a standard diet. In the experiment we used 60 females of non-linear rats and 300 of their offspring. All animals were decapitated under ether anesthesia. After that, we took blood, made a solution with crystal heparin and examined the laboratory parameters: total number of leukocytes and leukocyte formula. Evaluation of nonspecific resistance of the organism was investigated using tests which characterize the activity of neutrophils (nbt-test, phagocytosis indices). The results of our studies revealed a positive effect of antigens of saline extract of medical leeches on the absorptive and metabolic activity of neutrophils in the females and their offspring in all study periods compared with the control, an increased number of leukocytes, due to the change of the process of differentiation and deposition of cells in immunogenic organs on proliferation. Changes in immunological parameters indicate the immunostimulatory effect of AG ML on leukopoiesis and on the functional activity of neutrophils – the first line of defense against entry into the body of a variety of bacteria, fungi and protozoa.

Metabolic activity of neutrophils is elevated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Are we sure?

Metabolic activity of neutrophils is elevated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Are we sure?

Response to Metabolic activity of neutrophils is elevated in COPD

Response to Metabolic activity of neutrophils is elevated in COPD

Иммуномодулирующее и антиоксидантное действие селективного ингибитора ар-гиназы IInor-NOHA и антигипоксантов при некоторых экстремальных состояниях

The study of the effects of a selective inhibitor of arginase II nor-NOHA and its combinations with Hy-poxenum, Kudesan, Cytoflavin on the functional activity of neutrophils, lipid peroxidation and content of stable metabolites of nitrogen in the blood serum of rats under the influence of some extreme conditions was carried out. It was found that under conditions of hypoxia that occurs in some extreme situations, there is a reduction of spontaneous and induced phagocytic and metabolic activity of neutrophils. Combined application of nor-NOHA, hypoxen and cytoflavin increases spontaneous PMA of neutrophils to values of the control group, but does not influence the values of NST Ind.&#x0D; &#x0D; The authors found that at hypoxia, there is an increase in the content of primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation. Administration nor-NOHA and antihypoxants reduces the concentration of malondialdehyde at all combinations of drugs, and reduction of diene conjugates only in animals treated with nor-NOHA, hypoxen and cytoflavin. Total antioxidant activity increased as well, for all combinations of pharmacological agents, and catalase activity was increased combinations nor-NOHA + cytoflavin and nor-NOHA + hypoxen + cytoflavin. At hypoxia, there is a significant increase of stable NO metabolites in blood serum. Introduction nor-NOHA further increases their concentration, and at different combinations antigipoksantov administered in combination with an inhibitor of arginase II nor-NOHA marked reduction of NO metabolite to an animal in a state of hypoxia.

Influence of Antirisk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases on Intracellular Metabolism of Neutrophils in Men with Obesity

Background: The factor promoting development of oxidative stress at obesity can be the neutro-phils. Objective: To study the influence antirisk factors of cardiovascular diseases on intracellular metabolism of neutrophils in men with peripheral obesity. Methods: In 103 male patients aged 23 to 64 years without coronary heart disease, we studied the presence obesity, antirisk factors of cardiovascular diseases, and the metabolic activity of neutrophils. Results: It is identified that obesity in men associates with more rare use of crude vegetables or fruits every day, and also low physical activity. The daily uses of crude vegetables or fruits, and also the increase of physical activity in obese men promote increase intracellular activity of antioxidative protection at neutrophils. Conclusion: The antirisk factors of cardiovascular diseases increase activity antioxidative protection of neutrophils in men with peripheral obesity, reducing the probability of development of oxidative stress.

The Effectiveness of Complex Use of Inosine Pranobex and Recombinant Interferon-

The purpose of research — improvement of treatment programs for chronic Epstein-Barr virus mono-infection and mixed with clamidiosis infection in frequently ill children with use of inosine pranobex (isoprinosine) and recombinant interferon-a2b (viferon). Clinical, serological and immunological examination of 116 patients aged from 3 to 6 years with chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection in the form of mono-infection (48) and mixed with clamidiosis infection (68) is conducted. In the complex therapy of 24 children with mono-infection and 42 patients with mixed infection, inosine pranobex in combination with recombinant interferon-a2b were included. In 24 patients with mono-infection and 26 children with mixed infection, using only recombinant interferon-a2b. In patients with monoinfection, multiorgan pathology (respiratory, lymphoproliferative, cardial, cerebral, arthralgiс syndromes) was found. During serological examination found markers of active Epstein-Barr virus infection (IgM to VСA, IgG to EA, a high level of IgG to EBNA). Changes of the immune status was associated with activation of immune system (increase of CD8, HLA-DR, CD16, IgA, IgM, IgG, metabolic activity of neutrophils) and its damage (reduction of CD3, CD4, CD25, CD20, interferon-a, interleukin-4, reserve possibilities of neutrophils metabolism, increase of CD95, circulating immune complexes). Development of mixed infection led to a deepening of immunological disorders and increased frequency of respiratory, gastrointestinal and lymphoproliferative syndromes. When combined inosine pranobex and recombinant interferon-a2b was going to potentiation antiviral, of immunomodulatory and cytoprotective activity of drugs that reduced the incidence of acute respiratory infections and severity of multiorgan pathology. High efficiency and safety of inosine pranobex and recombinant interferon-a2b combination allow to recommend its inclusion in the complex therapy of patients from frequently ill children group with various forms of chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection.