Meta-analytic Regression Analyses Research Articles

Dynamic capabilities and international performance: meta-analytic regression analysis

Dynamic capabilities and international performance: meta-analytic regression analysis

ARE WE HAPPY TOGETHER? A META-ANALYTIC REVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF OPEN INNOVATION ON FIRM PERFORMANCE

The study draws on dynamic capabilities theory and evidence-based research to provide the first meta-analysis on the open innovation (OI)–firm performance relationship from 2003 to 2020. Both subgroup and meta-analytic regression analyses were employed to analyse 106 independent peer-reviewed articles, encompassing 557,642 firms and 138 effects. Results showed a positive, significant relationship between OI and overall firm performance ([Formula: see text]= 0.20) while revealing numerous contingencies. Particularly, we found that the effect of OI on non-financial performance ([Formula: see text]= 0.20) is larger than that on financial performance ([Formula: see text]= 0.19), while the disaggregate results revealed that inbound OI has the strongest effect on firm performance ([Formula: see text]= 0.23), followed by outbound OI ([Formula: see text]= 0.19) and coupled OI ([Formula: see text]= 0.14). Furthermore, it was found that the mixed results are driven by both contextual factors (i.e., firm size, culture, study region, sector, and industry intensity) and measurement moderators (i.e., study measure and data type). Both the theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are elucidatedly discussed.

Conflict and performance in channels: a meta-analysis.

Conflict between channel members is of great interest to marketers given its presumed negative impact on the channel’s business performance. In a comprehensive meta-analysis of the empirical literature spanning six decades between 1960 and 2020, we observe channel performance is indeed negatively linked to channel conflict. However, we find that this conflict–performance link has evolved significantly over time, roughly in keeping with the growth and maturing of e-commerce technologies. Further, the damage caused by conflict appears to be more pronounced for channels with international operations, and for channels with greater dependency between channel members. Additionally, businesses in North America seem to suffer the consequences of channel conflict more than others. Our results also show several study characteristics related to measurement and sampling significantly impact the empirical conflict–performance links reported in the literature. We base our conclusions on correlational analyses, two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling (TSSEM), and meta-analytic regression analyses (MARA).Supplementary InformationThe online version of this article (10.1007/s11747-020-00751-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Independent Directors and Organizational Performance: New Evidence from A Meta-Analytic Regression Analysis

This study not only revisits, from a meta-analytic perspective, the influence of firms’ boardroom independence on corporate financial performance, but also addresses the way that countries’ social and institutional contexts moderate that connection. A meta-regression covering 126 independent samples reveals that firms’ boardroom independence has a positive and negative effect on accounting and market-based measures of corporate financial performance, respectively. Further analyses reveal that while the firms’ board independence-financial performance connection is stronger in non-communitarian societies, that relationship becomes weaker in countries with greater developed mechanisms to protect the interest of minority investors. These results are robust to different model specifications and to the presence of a set of methodological control variables. Our results are of outstanding relevance for companies’ board composition processes by suggesting the way that corporations should actively re-balance the proportion of independent directors across different social and institutional contexts to ensure their financial success.

Meta‐Analytic Research in Management: Contemporary Approaches, Unresolved Controversies, and Rising Standards

AbstractEarly meta‐analyses in management research sought primarily to resolve seemingly conflicting findings by estimating a relationship’s population‐level effect size. Since then, management researchers have adopted increasingly sophisticated approaches that permit new theorizing, testing and comparing sophisticated models, and identifying boundary conditions. We summarize three of these approaches – i.e., qualitative meta‐analysis (QMA), meta‐analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM), and meta‐analytic regression analysis (MARA) – along with the special issue papers that adopt each approach. We conclude by raising three unresolved controversies that we believe deserve more attention and by offering our thoughts about how to maximize a meta‐analytic study’s chances for publication and impact.

Opening the Black Box: A Meta-Analytic Examination of the Effects of Top Management Team Diversity on Emergent Team Processes and Multilevel Contextual Influence

This study attempts to open the black box of top management team (TMT) diversity research by examining the following research questions: (a) how TMT diversity has effects on emergent team processes, (b) when those effects are shaped by key environmental contingencies, and (c) whether emergent team processes mediate the TMT diversity and firm performance relationship. To address these issues, we conduct a series of meta-analytic examination. First, using a sample of 208 effect sizes from 51 studies covering multiple industries across 10 countries, we test how two distinct types of diversity (task- and relations-oriented diversity) are differentially associated with two types of emergent team processes (information elaboration and social categorization) in TMTs. Second, meta-analytic regression analyses are conducted to examine how national culture (power distance and collectivism) and industry characteristics (munificence and dynamism) influence the diversity effects on emergent team processes. Third, we conduct a structural equation modeling analysis to examine the relationships among diversity (input)–information elaboration and social categorization–based processes (mediators)–firm performance (output), incorporating additional 895 effect sizes from 152 studies. Our findings indicate that while relations-oriented diversity has apparent relationships with social categorization–based processes, task-oriented diversity is strongly associated with both information elaboration and social categorization–based processes. Industry munificence and dynamism as well as collectivism in national culture moderate the diversity–social categorization relationships. The result of structural equation modeling also confirms the mediating paths of the TMT diversity–information elaboration/social categorization–performance links.

Investigating the Uniqueness and Usefulness of Proactive Personality in Organizational Research: A Meta-Analytic Review

Using meta-analysis (283 effect sizes from 122 studies), we extend prior qualitative and quantitative reviews of research on proactive personality in a number of meaningful ways. First, we examine the discriminant and incremental validity of proactive personality using meta-analytic regression analyses. Our results reveal that more than 50% of variance in proactive personality is unrelated to the Big Five personality traits collectively. Also, proactive personality accounts for unique variance in overall job performance, task performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors, even after controlling for the Big Five personality traits and general mental ability (for overall job performance and task performance). Moreover, we find no subgroup differences in proactive personality, highlighting its potential use in selection contexts. In conclusion, we discuss implications of our findings for research and practice.

The relations between personality factors and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors mediated by job-satisfaction

The purpose of this study was to conduct meta-regression analysis to investigate the relations between personality factors and organizational citizenship behaviors(OCBs) mediated by job satisfaction. In order to meta-analyse 153 studies conducted in Korea, Hunter and Schmidt’s(2004) and Borenstein, Hedges, Higgins, & Rothstein’s(2005) meta-analytic procedures were adopted. Results showed that all the subcategories of OCBs have generalizable relations across studies with conscientiousness and agreeableness whereas individuals-oriented and organization-oriented OCBs have generalizable relations across studies with neuroticism and openness to experience. In addition, individuals-oriented and change-oriented OCBs have generalizable relations across studies with extroversion. Comparison of different rating methods revealed that self-reporting method has larger effect size than that of other-rating method due to common method effect. In meta-analytic regression analysis, all of the personality factors were mediated by both facet and overall job satisfaction. Lastly, the implications and limitations of this research were discussed.

He Relations between Personality Factors and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors mediated by Job-satisfaction: Meta-analytic regression Analysis

The purpose of this study was to conduct meta-regression analysis to investigate the relations between personality factors and organizational citizenship behaviors(OCBs) mediated by job satisfaction. In order to meta-analyse 153 studies conducted in Korea, Hunter and Schmidt’s(2004) and Borenstein, Hedges, Higgins, & Rothstein’s(2005) meta-analytic procedures were adopted. Results showed that all the subcategories of OCBs have generalizable relations across studies with conscientiousness and agreeableness whereas individuals-oriented and organization-oriented OCBs have generalizable relations across studies with neuroticism and openness to experience. In addition, individuals-oriented and change-oriented OCBs have generalizable relations across studies with extroversion. Comparison of different rating methods revealed that self-reporting method has larger effect size than that of other-rating method due to common method effect. In meta-analytic regression analysis, all of the personality factors were mediated by both facet and overall job satisfaction. Lastly, the implications and limitations of this research were discussed.

On the costs and benefits of emotional labor: A meta-analysis of three decades of research.

This article provides a quantitative review of the link of emotional labor (emotion-rule dissonance, surface acting, and deep acting) with well-being and performance outcomes. The meta-analysis is based on 494 individual correlations drawn from a final sample of 95 independent studies. Results revealed substantial relationships of emotion-rule dissonance and surface acting with indicators of impaired well-being (ρs between .39 and .48) and job attitudes (ρs between -.24 and -.40) and a small negative relationship with performance outcomes (ρs between -.20 and -.05). Overall, deep acting displayed weak relationships with indicators of impaired well-being and job attitudes but positive relationships with emotional performance and customer satisfaction (ρs .18 and .37). A meta-analytic regression analysis provides information on the unique contribution of emotion-rule dissonance, surface acting, and deep acting in statistically predicting well-being and performance outcomes. Furthermore, a mediation analysis confirms theoretical models of emotional labor which suggest that surface acting partially mediates the relationship of emotion-rule dissonance with well-being. Implications for future research as well as pragmatic ramifications for organizational practices are discussed in conclusion.

PROTOCOL: Effectiveness of Early Family/Parent Training Programs in Preventing Antisocial Behavior & Delinquency

PROTOCOL: Effectiveness of Early Family/Parent Training Programs in Preventing Antisocial Behavior & Delinquency

The causal relation between job attitudes and performance: A meta-analysis of panel studies.

Do job attitudes cause performance, or is it the other way around? To answer this perennial question, the author conducted meta-analytic regression analyses on 16 studies that had repeatedly measured performance and job attitudes (i.e., job satisfaction or organizational commitment). The effect of job attitudes on subsequent performance, with baseline performance controlled, was weak but statistically significant (beta = .06). The effect was slightly stronger for commitment than for satisfaction and depended negatively on time lag. Effects of performance on subsequent job attitudes were elusive (beta = .00 across all studies), which suggests that job attitudes are more likely to influence performance than vice versa.

A metaanalysis of treatment outcomes of early enteral versus early parenteral nutrition in hospitalized patients*

Nutritional support as enteral or parenteral nutrition (PN) is used in hospitalized patients to reduce catabolism. This study compares outcomes of early enteral nutrition (EN) with early PN in hospitalized patients. The authors conducted a metaanalysis of randomized, controlled trials (RCT) comparing early EN with PN. Studies on immunonutrition were excluded. Studies were categorized as medical, surgical, or trauma. RCTs of early EN/PN were identified by search of 1) MEDLINE (1966-2002), 2) published abstracts from scientific meetings, and 3) bibliographies of relevant articles. Thirty RCTs (ten medical, 11 surgical, and nine trauma) compared early EN with PN. The effect of nutrition type on hospital mortality and complication rates was reported as risk difference (RD%) and hospital length of stay (LOS) as mean weighted difference (MWD days). Missing data, by outcomes, varied from 20% to 63%. As a result of heterogeneity of treatment effects, the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects estimator was reported. There was no differential treatment effect of nutrition type on hospital mortality for all patients (0.6%, p = .4) and subgroups. PN was associated with increases in infective complications (7.9%, p = .001), catheter-related blood stream infections (3.5%, p = .003), noninfective complications (4.9%, p = .04), and hospital LOS (1.2 days, p = .004). There was no effect of nutrition type on technical complications (4.1%, p = .2). EN was associated with a significant increase in diarrheal episodes (8.7%, p = .001). Publication bias was not demonstrated. Metaanalytic regression analysis did not demonstrate any effect of age, time to initiate treatment, and average albumin on mortality estimates. Cumulative metaanalysis showed no change in the mortality estimates with time. There was no mortality effect with the type of nutritional supplementation. Although early EN significantly reduced complication rates, this needs to be interpreted in the light of missing data and heterogeneity. The enthusiasm that early EN, as compared with early PN, would reduce mortality appears misplaced.