Message In Media Research Articles

Image steganography based on smooth cycle-consistent adversarial learning

Steganography is the process of concealing a secret message in ordinary digital media by making small modifications that try to preserve cover statistics. In this paper, a novel unified steganographic framework is introduced inspired by image-to-image translation networks and adversarial learning. We consider image steganography as an image-to-image translation which is a transformation from cover distribution to stego distribution. The image-to-image translation models can exploit imperceptible perturbations to embed useful input information into the target image so that the input image can be retrieved more accurately. So, we adapt the CycleGAN as a popular translator to conceal the secret message in the form of an imperceptible, high-frequency signal in the container image called stego, while the cyclic consistency constraint helps to extract the secret message. As deep neural networks are sensitive to small adversarial perturbations, adversarial learning is exploited to embed the secret message more semantically to preserve the statistical characteristics of the cover as much as possible. According to the competitive relation of steganography and steganalysis, the steganographic methods act as an adversarial attack to mislead the steganalysis network toward determining the input images as the cover images. Therefore, in the steganographic concept, a CNN-based steganalyzer is considered as the discriminator such that the steganographer and the steganalyzer alternately adjust their weights according to the updated knowledge of one another. On the other hand, we append the smoothness constraint into the objective function to encourage the model to encode the secret message as smooth embedding modifications to improve the secrecy of generated image. This constraint limits the range of local differences and enforces a stronger correlation between the cover and the corresponding stego image. Smoothing modifications mitigate the statistical impact and enhance the robustness against steganalyzers. Experiment results show the efficiency of our proposed framework which achieves an appropriate trade-off between secrecy and capacity and outperforms the existing works.

‘I’m Interviewing a Sheep’

Abstract In this article, I summarize the state of Arabic (as a medium and a message) in Israeli state media and compare attitudes towards the Arabic language with content from the popular bilingual (Arabic-Hebrew) sitcom written and created by a Palestinian-Israeli writer, Sayed Kashua. I argue that Kashua’s work in his show, Arab Labor, reiterates poor attitudes towards Arabic and foreshadows the ethnolinguistic erasure of Israel’s Nation-State Law of 2018. Using humor and satire within its content, context and dialogue, the show draws attention to growing disparities and impossibilities in Palestinian life throughout Israel and emerges as an intertextual resource for commentary and recreating conditions of Palestinian existence.

“Building Spiritual Immunity”: The Strategic Use of the Health Message in the Seventh-Day Adventist Church Media during the COVID-19 Pandemic

“Building Spiritual Immunity”: The Strategic Use of the Health Message in the Seventh-Day Adventist Church Media during the COVID-19 Pandemic

BTS ARMY’s #BTSLOVEYOURSELF: A Worldwide K-Pop Fandom Participatory Culture in Twitter

Korean popular music (K-pop) fandom is under spotlight as the K-pop industry has rapidly grown transnationally. Fandom practices across nation borders in social media has grown out from supporting their idols by buying the records, continuously discussing idols’ personal life, and attending live music concerts, to supporting social causes in the name of the idols. This paper investigates fandom participatory culture of creating and supporting social activism message in social media. By collecting and analyzing a large-scale of fandom activity data from Twitter, we investigate to what extent fandom participatory culture is prevalent and important in transnationalism of K-pop, in particularly social activism in social media. By analyzing the Twitter data of ARMY on #BTSLOVEYOURSELF, we show the participatory culture is what gives the fandom and their messages bigger effect in social media which is beyond the idol’s industrial well-made representation and image. However, there is also a possibility of inter-cultural intermediaries of fandom practices to echo idol’s message in social media and to define success for the multi-billions industry.
 

A Hybrid Technique based on RSA and Data Hiding for Securing Handwritten Signature

Data exchange has been significantly encouraged by the development of communication technology and the wide use of social media over the Internet. Therefore, it is important to hide the data transmitted, especially the data that requires a person’s signature. Where the signature is an increasingly needed item that is used in our daily life to achieve some paper-based authentication in departments, the individual himself needs the signature. Cryptography and steganography are commonly considered to be the most important data hiding methodologies. Steganography is used to hide the secret message in the carrier media, such as text, audio, video, and image files, without the carrier media being distorted, and cryptography is used to conceal the purpose of the secret message. A hybrid data hiding (image steganography) and encryption technique is implemented in this research on the time domain. The secret handwritten signature image is first encrypted using the public key algorithm (RSA) in the proposed technique, then randomly inserted using Embedding data process to be concealed in one of the last three bits of that pixel(1st Least Significant Bit, 2nd LSB, and 3rd LSB) based on mathematical randomized formula over all pixels of the carrier media (image). It is assumed that the process of randomization will increase the protection provided by the technique. The suggested technique is implemented on gray level cover images. As a consequence of the random scattering of bits and using encryption, it is noted that the proposed technique achieves enhanced data hiding results in terms of performance, protection, and imperceptibility properties and the histogram of the proposed technique is better and provides more protection and security than the ordinary sequential Least Significant Bit (LSB).

Dynamic Steganography Least Significant Bit with Stretch on Pixels Neighborhood

Background: The confidentiality of a message may at times be compromised. Steganography can hide such a message in certain media. Steganographic media such as digital images have many pixels that can accommodate secret messages. However, the length of secret messages may not match with the number of image pixels so the messages cannot be inserted into the digital images.Objective: This research aims to see the dynamics between an image size and a secret message’s length in order to prevent out of range messages entered in an image.Methods: This research will combine the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method and the Stretch technique in hiding secret messages. The LSB method uses the 8th bit to hide secret messages. The Stretch technique dynamically enlarges the image size according to the length of the secret messages. Images will be enlarged horizontally on the rightmost image pixel block until n blocks of image pixels.Results: This study compares an original image size and a stego image size and examines a secret message’s length that can be accommodated by the stego image, as well as the Mean Square Error and Structure Similarity Index. The test is done by comparing the size change of the original image with the stego image from the Stretch results, where each original image tested always changes dynamically according to the increasing number of secret message characters. From the MSE and SSIM test results, the success was only with the first image, while the second image to the fourth image remained erroneous because they also did not have the same resolution.Conclusion:The combination of LSB steganography and the Stretch technique can enlarge an image automatically according to the number of secret messages to be inserted. For further research development, image stretch must not only be done horizontally but also vertically.

Mechanical Ventilation During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Combating the Tsunami of Misinformation From Mainstream and Social Media.

Mechanical Ventilation During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Combating the Tsunami of Misinformation From Mainstream and Social Media.

Cryptosystem for Secure Data Transmission using Advance Encryption Standard (AES) and Steganography

Recently, the rate of data transfer over the internet globally has increased and this called for more data security as security of data is of great concern for individuals as well as business owners. Cryptography and steganography are two major key players for data security technique. Cryptography is use to perform encryption on the secrete message while steganography hides the secrete message in digital media, image in this regards. This paper employed these two techniques using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for the cryptography and Least Significant Bit (LSB) for the steganography. Combining the two algorithms ensured data integrity, data security, and flexibility. The changes in the secrete message carrier (Stego) is insignificant and is often not noticeable by the nicked eyes, thus this make the interception of the message often difficult by intruder.

SECURE DATA TRANSMISSION IN MP3 FILE USING LSB AND ECHO HIDING

Steganography is the hiding secret message in the various media and very popular in today network transmission and information security. Although many of the secure transmission have been done in digital image, a little work has been done in audio mp3 file. Hiding data in mp3 file is the most researchable area and preferable way to carry secret data. Therefore this paper proposes a way of hiding secret message into mp3 file by using LSB, Least Significant Bit technique and Echo Hiding. LSB is the most popular steganographic technique but there is a weak point in including noise, compression technique and extraction process. To compensate that weakness, the combination of Echo Hiding in time spectrum is proposed. The integration is used in serial. To test the effectives of the methods, various types of genres is prepared in different compression rates. The experimental results are carried out for different size of the secret message files.

Sickle cell disease awareness among school children in Saudi Arabia

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects millions of people throughout the world. Previous studies suggested the need for more public education. This study aimed to assess and compare the knowledge about SCD among intermediate and high school students. Methodology: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,500 high school and intermediate students in Al-Ahsa region, from December 2018 to February 2019. The data were collected through a questionnaire and interviews. Results: Most of the students (89%) had heard of SCD and 80% knew that it can be diagnosed by a blood test, but 60% did not know how common was SCD in Saudi Arabia. Despite the high prevalence, 65.4% answered the hereditary nature of the disease, but only a small proportion thought that consanguineous marriages were a risk factor for SCD spread. Females showed better knowledge than males and married people knew more about SCD than unmarried ones. Conclusion: There was a good level of knowledge about SCD. SCD awareness in secondary school educational program should be incorporated, and public awareness message in media is recommended.

An Enhanced LSB-Image Steganography Using the Hybrid Canny-Sobel Edge Detection

Abstract The Internet is a public network with many issues of data transfer security. Steganography is a data transmission security technique that is done by hiding the message in a container media, such as an image. The media certainly has its limited payload to accommodate the embedded data. This paper proposes a method for increasing the payload of secret messages in an image. The edge area is used to accommodate more message bits because the image edge area can better tolerate pixel value changes. In this research paper, Canny and Sobel detectors are combined to get a wider edge area. This two-detector combined method provides a larger edge area for greater payload of messages while maintaining imperceptibility of stego-images.

A comparative analysis of image steganography based on DCT algorithm and steganography tool to hide nuclear reactors confidential information

Steganography is the practice of concealing the communication existence by hiding the traveled message in cover media. This paper aims to study Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based steganography Using DC components for hiding secret bits sequentially in Least significant Bits (LSBs) (1-LSB & 2-LSB). Likewise, using low and middle frequencies to analyze their performance using PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) and MSE (Mean Square Error). The findings indicate that the middle frequency has the larger hiding capacity and relatively better PSNR and MSE. Hence, a proposed steganographic tool based on DCT is implemented to hide confidential information about a nuclear reactor, using the sequential embedding method in the middle frequency. The findings indicate that the proposed tool supplies a relatively high embedding capacity with no visual distortion in the resultant image, whereas, enhance the security and maintains the correctness of the hidden data.

Comparison in Cover Media under Stegnography: Digital Media by Hide and Seek Approach

In this world every person have some secrets which they want to hide from eavesdropper: So hiding is done in such a way that nobody will able to retrieve the secretes and this will be done by stegnography. As protection is a major demand, hence stegnography become today’s security technique. Embedding secret message in cover digital media so hacker will not detect it. In this study I m going to discuss about embedding technique as well as its certain properties like security, robustness and capacity. Moreover through this research article comparison of cover media is also being discussed.

Secure Data Hiding using Elliptical Curve Cryptography and Steganography

Now these days information are passing by internet. Hence the security of information has become a fundamental issue. Cryptography is the well-known technique to secure data over network. Steganography is the technique to hide the message in digital media. The elliptical curve cryptography is more secure than the existing cryptography models. This paper describes a proposed hybrid model using public key Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Steganography. Which provide more security than a Single ECC or Steganography methods. The main aim of this project is to hide crucial information of internet users, military, different corporate sectors those which are frequently using public network for communication.

PS1-3: Perceptions of Cancer Screening Messages in the Media: How Do Patients Make Sense of Conflicting Messages in the Popular Media Around Cancer Screening?

Suepattra May1, Meghan Halley1, Katharine Rendle1, Caroline Tietbohl1 and Dominick Frosch1 1Palo Alto Medical Foundation for Healthcare, Research and Education

Singlemedium- versus multimediacampagnes

Singlemedium- versus multimedia campaigns: exposure effects on implicit versus explicit memory, brand attitude and purchase intention Singlemedium- versus multimedia campaigns: exposure effects on implicit versus explicit memory, brand attitude and purchase intention The aim of this study is to introduce an alternative method to determine the potential synergy effects of multimedia campaigns. By making use of an implicit memory measure in combination with the common explicit measures, the scope and limits of the synergy effect were explored. Eighty-two participants were exposed to one of four media conditions (two multimedia conditions and two repeated medium conditions). The results showed a number of effects in favor of the multimedia campaigns. Participants seem to learn implicitly from repeated exposure to an advertisement message in multiple media, because priming only improved the memory performances of participants in the multimedia conditions. In the same way, participants in the synergistic conditions formed higher purchase intentions. These increased purchase intentions occurred without a significantly more favorable attitude compared to the repeated condition, this result may confirm that implicit memory is closer to the behavioral tendencies of consumers.

Dibalik Pengaruh Sebuah Pesan di Media

The inserting power of a message into the minds of recipients can be done through various stages of processing and filters contained in each individual recipient. It is a distinctive strength when designers can learn the process so that designing a work of visual design can be conveyed with both in the minds of society ast targets and generate action / feedback is expected. Article analysis the process of how a message in a media was able to convey the reader or viewers. The research was done by doing library research. It can be concluded that feeling, thinking, and actioning are process that influence people in understanding a message in a media.

An experimental study of the role of brand strength in the relationship between the medium of communication and perceived credibility of the message

Does a message on the Internet have less credibility than an equivalent message in conventional print media? What is the role of brand strength in the relation between the medium of communication and perceived credibility of the message? We address these questions through an experimental study. The results show that a message on the Internet has less credibility than the same message in print. For messages of strong brands, however, there is no significant difference in their credibility between the Internet and print media.