Mention Of Risks Research Articles

Risk and resilience in a changing climate: a diachronic analysis in the press across the globe

AbstractBuilding on our previous work investigating discourses of climate-induced mobility in the UK and US press, this paper addresses the overarching theme of environmental issues and the anthropocene by looking into representations of migration as adaptation in the context of climate change. In particular, drawing on corpus-assisted discourse analysis methodologies, the paper will focus on, and critically explore, meaning patterns of “risk” and “resilience” in a purpose-built diachronic corpus of quality newspapers from the Global North and the Global South between 2010 and 2017. Risk and resilience may in fact be regarded as the defining – though problematic – terms of our anthropogenic era. The investigation focuses on whether and how any significant discursive shifts may be identified in newspaper discourse across the globe and the extent to which the mainstream press reflects this problematicity. Our main findings show that not only is mention of risk more frequent in the Global North throughout than in the Global South media outlets, whereas the opposite is observed for resilience, but also that distinct meaning patterns emerge over time across the different areas of the world under investigation.

MP21-10 ONLINE MARKETING PRACTICES OF VASECTOMY REVERSAL

You have accessJournal of UrologyInfertility: Epidemiology & Evaluation I (MP21)1 Sep 2021MP21-10 ONLINE MARKETING PRACTICES OF VASECTOMY REVERSAL Masaya Jimbo, Francis Jefferson, Garrett Ungerer, Matthew Ziegelmann, Tobias Kohler, and Sevann Helo Masaya JimboMasaya Jimbo More articles by this author , Francis JeffersonFrancis Jefferson More articles by this author , Garrett UngererGarrett Ungerer More articles by this author , Matthew ZiegelmannMatthew Ziegelmann More articles by this author , Tobias KohlerTobias Kohler More articles by this author , and Sevann HeloSevann Helo More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002006.10AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Vasectomy reversal (VR) is rarely covered by insurance, creating a market similar to cosmetic surgery with direct marketing to patients. While cost is an immediate concern for patients, surgeon training and experience are essential for a successful outcome. Patients considering VR are likely to seek information online regarding providers and the nature of the procedure. In this study, we reviewed the characteristics of providers marketing VR online, as well as comprehensiveness of their website content. METHODS: We identified VR practices online in the top 50 metropolitan areas in the United States using Google. Practice websites were reviewed to obtain information including educational background, use of operating microscope, ability to perform vasoepididymostomy (VE) if indicated, procedural setting, surgical volume, literature or personal success rates, risks and alternatives of VR, and cost. RESULTS: Our search returned 107 VR practices including 29 (27%) academic and 78 (73%) private practices (Table 1). Providers were primarily male (98%) MDs (98%) with median age of 53. Most providers were urologists (93%) with fellowship training (58% andrology, 6% non-andrology). There was low reporting of surgical volume (33%), literature success rates (46%), personal success rates (21%), and risks (26%) and alternatives (30%) of VR. Academic practices were more likely to have an andrology fellowship-trained provider (97 vs. 44%, p<0.05) but less likely to disclose procedure cost (14 vs. 40%, p<0.05), compared to private practices (Table 2). We noted no differences between practice types in online ad use, use of operating microscope, ability to perform VE, mention of experience or success rates, or mention of risks and alternatives. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant lack of transparency and completeness of information among providers marketing VR online. Providers should consider implementation of measures to improve the dissemination of reliable information, such that patients can make informed decisions regarding VR. Source of Funding: None © 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 206Issue Supplement 3September 2021Page: e349-e350 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Masaya Jimbo More articles by this author Francis Jefferson More articles by this author Garrett Ungerer More articles by this author Matthew Ziegelmann More articles by this author Tobias Kohler More articles by this author Sevann Helo More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...

Benefits and risks of genetically modified mosquitoes: news and Twitter framing across issue-attention cycle

This study examines how online news and Twitter framed the discussion about genetically modified mosquitoes differently in response to Zika as the issue-attention cycle progressed. Results show that Twitter discussions relied on recurring frames. By contrast, online news media used a wider variety of benefit and risk frames than Twitter, which helped generate new knowledge. The issue-attention cycle did make a difference in the frame used. We observed a dramatic decline in benefit coverage in Twitter but not in online news media coverage. For Twitter, risk coverage spiked in the middle stages of the cycle. There was nearly no mention of risk at the beginning and ending stages of the cycle in Twitter coverage. Online news media presented a different pattern that benefit coverage was constantly high and risk coverage stably increased as the issue-attention cycle progressed. Implications are discussed in light of the media characteristics.

Informed consent in pediatric anesthesiology.

Informed consent for pediatric anesthesia is unique because it is (1) obtained from surrogates (ie, parents) rather than from the patient and (2) sought after parents have authorized the surgical intervention. There are limited data on how pediatric anesthesia informed and consent discussions are conducted. The purpose of this study was to characterize the content of preanesthesia informed consent discussions and assess their impact on parent recall and understanding. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study at a tertiary pediatric hospital. We audio-recorded and transcribed preanesthesia consent discussions between pediatric anesthesia providers and parents of children undergoing elective surgery. Parents were recruited on the day of surgery and completed a survey postdiscussion to assess their recall and perceived understanding. We used directed content analysis to identify 7 informed consent elements: (i) description of the plan; mention of (ii) alternatives, (iii) risks, and (iv) benefits; (v) discussion of uncertainties; (vi) assessment of comprehension; and (vii) solicitation of a decision. We used multivariable logistic regression to explore the association between discussions that included 3 informed consent elements (description of plan, mention of risks, and mention of benefits) and parent recall and understanding of these elements. We analyzed 97 discussions involving 41 different anesthesia providers. The element most frequently included in preanesthesia discussions was a description of the plan (100%); the least frequently included was decision solicitation (18%). Seventy-one percent of discussions included ≥5 informed consent elements and 70% included a description of the plan, mention of risks, and mention of benefits. Parental recall of these 3 informed consent elements was associated with their inclusion in the preanesthesia discussion (75% vs 34%), and more parents understood all 3 elements if they had reported (vs not reported) recall of all 3 elements (97% vs 53%). Most pediatric preanesthesia discussions include ≥5 informed consent elements and describe the plan, mention risks, and mention benefits. Inclusion of these latter 3 consent elements was associated with parental recall of these elements but not understanding.

Quantifying Discrepancies between the Internet and Academic Literature Regarding Robotic Prostatectomy

IntroductionVariability in the quality and accuracy of online medical information has been well documented. We assessed the content presented online for robotic prostatectomy. MethodsA Web search was performed on Google, Yahoo and Bing using the search term “robotic prostatectomy.” The first 50 Web sites found on each engine were evaluated for authorship, content and validity. The Fisher-Freeman-Halton test was used to compare differences between search engines. A second search using a more technical search term, “robotic assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy,” was then performed on Google. Differences between search terms were compared using the Fisher exact test. ResultsMost Web sites mention benefits of robotic prostatectomy (78%) and allow readers to schedule appointments (72.7%). However, a minority reference peer-reviewed literature (16.7%) or mention risks (34%). Overall 43.3% of Web sites mention faster return of continence and potency as benefits of robotic surgery. The more technical search term yielded more mention of risks (p <0.001), description of the procedure (p = 0.048) and references to peer-reviewed literature (p <0.001). ConclusionsOnline information may not parallel current academic literature. Many Web sites mention faster return of continence and erectile function as benefits of robotic surgery despite inconclusive evidence in the literature supporting these claims. A more technical search term improved the quality of results, which may help physicians guide patients toward higher quality educational material in the future.

Stevens–Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Are Drug Dictionaries Correctly Informing Physicians Regarding the Risk?

Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are severe drug reactions associated with high mortality and multiple incapacitating sequelae. In the past 20 years, two large multinational case control studies, published in 1995 and 2008, had identified different degrees of drug association with SJS/TEN: 'strongly associated', 'associated', 'suspected' and 'not suspected' medications. The aim of this study was to check the adequacy of mention of risk of SJS/TEN in the drug dictionaries most widely used by physicians in five European countries. In each country one expert investigator looked at the most widely used drug dictionary (2009 edition) for mentions of risk of SJS/TEN. This was done for a predefined list of medications with a different degree of risk. The presence and clarity or absence of warning was compared with available evidence provided by published results from case-control studies. The five countries participating in the RegiSCAR group: Austria, France, Germany, The Netherlands and the UK. A total of 3,268 drug descriptions of medications for systemic use were analysed, including all brands of 14 'strongly associated' drugs, 5 'associated' drugs and 12 widely used drugs with no established association. Discrepancies were found by country, and between descriptions for different brands of the same generic. Among 522 descriptions of 14 'strongly associated' drugs, only 5 did not mention the risk. For the 1,013 descriptions of 'associated' drugs, 3 % did not mention the risk. One-third of 'not suspected' drugs contained a specific or less specific warning (e.g. bullous cutaneous eruption). Warnings for 'strongly associated' medications were often as imprecise as those for 'not suspected' drugs. Information on the risk of SJS/TEN in drug dictionaries needs improvement to enhance the quality of advice given by general physicians and to raise the understanding of risk by patients.

G106 Non-Therapeutic Circumcision in ‘High-Risk’ Children in a Children’s Hospital: Consent and Safety

AimsNon-therapeutic circumcision (NTC) is controversial. Religious freedoms and suggested health benefits are balanced against a non-medically indicated surgery in children who cannot consent. Many hospitals don’t offer NTC, which is...

Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen Sedation

To the Editor.— The use of nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation in a pediatric office described by Griffin et al (1981; 245:2411) includes many important safety precautions, especially the recommendations to use equipment designed for safety and to ensure its proper installation. These measures will help protect the patient; however, there was no mention of risks to the emergency room staff from long-term exposure to nitrous oxide. With delivery rates of up to 6 L/min discharged into a treatment room, even with the recommended six air changes per hour, atmospheric pollution by nitrous oxide reaches high levels. A sample calculation for a typical emergency room, with six air changes per hour and a procedure involving 3 L/min of nitrous oxide flow for four minutes' induction followed by a 20-minute procedure, resulted in a calculated nitrous oxide concentration of 780 ppm. This is more than 30 times the National Institute of Occupational Safety