Polar Melting Research Articles

Adaptive measures to deal with the next pandemic caused by climate change in at-risk groups

BackgroundThe intensity of the perceived stress during the pandemic is a very basic variable for the risk analysis and proper disaster response. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between perceived stress and social support during covid-19 in diabetic patients in order to design a suitable plan for a possible pandemic.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 on 212 diabetics in Hormozgan province / southern Iran. Data were collected online using Whatsapp using social support and perceived stress questionnaires specific to COVID-19. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using Pearson correlation coefficient tests.ResultsThe mean and standard deviation (SD) of the stress score was 18.46 ± 4.41. Mean ± SD of social support dimensions were emotional support 30.76 ± 5.96, information support 21.63 ± 4.56, instrumental support 32.48 ± 6.68, and evaluative support 23.53 ± 4.83. There was a significant correlation between emotional support (r =-0.377, P < 0.001) and instrumental support (r =-0.280, P < 0.001) with perceived stress.ConclusionThe inverse relationship between emotional and instrumental support and perceived stress in diabetic patients during the Covid-19 pandemic suggests that health promotion interventions focus on increasing these two forms of social support in order to reduce stress during disasters. Especially when there are warnings about the release of microbial agents from melting polar ice and the possibility of the next epidemic.

PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT: JURI KARYA ILMIAH BERTEMA PEMANASAN GLOBAL

&lt;em&gt;Global warming is one of the most pressing environmental issues of the 21st century, with far-reaching impacts ranging from extreme climate change to threats to biodiversity and human life. The increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere and oceans, driven by human activities, particularly greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, exacerbates this situation. Negative effects such as polar ice melting, rising sea levels, and ecosystem disruptions threaten the survival of many species. Growing global awareness of the importance of understanding and addressing global warming has led to various initiatives, including scientific competitions focused on global warming. These activities aim to educate the public and promote innovation in finding sustainable solutions to this environmental problem. In these competitions, the role of judges is crucial in evaluating the quality and relevance of the scientific works submitted by participants. Through community engagement carried out by the Management Study Program of Universitas Bunda Mulia in collaboration with SMA Kristen Tunas Bangsa Sunter Jakarta Utara, this competition successfully inspired and nurtured young generations in facing the challenges of global warming. The event included presentations, discussions, and Q&amp;amp;A sessions aimed at developing creative ideas and making a real contribution to global efforts in combating global warming.&lt;/em&gt;

Exploring Next Generations for a Sustainable Future: A Systematic Literature Review on Sustainability Awareness among High School Students in Indonesia

Environmental damage is increasingly evident, from rising global average temperatures and melting polar ice caps to the increasing frequency of extreme weather. This study aims to conduct a literature review related to sustainability awareness among students at the high school level in Indonesia. The research method chosen in this study is a systematic literature review. Data collection is done by documenting all articles that have similar research in this research report. The articles used in this study were 11 articles published in the 2020–2024 period and then used as a reference for review. Based on this literature review research, several important findings were found, namely: (1) sustainability awareness can be identified in various aspects, such as instruments with the distribution of seven articles, gender differences with one article, and the existence of a sustainability awareness category covered in three articles from the total articles reviewed; (2) there are fluctuating trends in sustainability awareness research among high school students in Indonesia; and (3) the distribution of research on sustainability awareness has not been evenly distributed in all provinces in Indonesia, and so far it is still dominated by research conducted in West Java Province. These findings point to the need for equitable distribution of research in different regions to get a more comprehensive picture of the level of sustainability awareness across Indonesia.

Review article: Melt-affected ice cores for polar research in a warming world

Abstract. Melting polar and alpine ice sheets in response to global warming pose ecological and societal risks but will also hamper our ability to reconstruct past climate and atmospheric composition across the globe. Since polar ice caps are crucial environmental archives but highly sensitive to ongoing climate warming, the Arctic and Antarctic research community is increasingly faced with melt-affected ice cores, which are already common in alpine settings of the lower latitudes. Here, we review the characteristics and effects of near-surface melting on ice-core records, focusing on a polar readership and making recommendations for melt-prone study regions. This review first covers melt layer formation, identification and quantification of melt, and structural characteristics of melt features. Subsequently, it discusses effects of melting on records of chemical impurities, i.e. major ions, trace elements, black carbon, and organic species as well as stable water isotopic signatures, gas records, and applications of melt layers as environmental proxies. Melting occurs during positive surface energy balance events, which are shaped by global to local meteorological forcing, regional orography, glacier surface conditions and subsurface characteristics. Meltwater flow ranges from homogeneous wetting to spatially heterogeneous preferential flow paths and is determined by temperature, thermal conductivity and stratigraphy of the snowpack. Melt layers and lenses are the most common consequent features in ice cores and are usually recorded manually or using line scanning. Chemical ice-core proxy records of water-soluble species are generally less preserved than insoluble particles such as black carbon or mineral dust due to their strong elution behaviour during percolation. However, high solubility in ice as observed for ions like F−, Cl−, NH4+ or ultra-trace elements can counteract the high mobility of these species due to burial in the ice interior. Stable water isotope records like δ18O are often preserved but appear smoothed if significant amounts of meltwater are involved. Melt-affected ice cores are further faced with questions about the permeability of the firn column for gas movement, and gas concentrations can be increased through dissolution and in situ production. Noble gas ratios can be useful tools for identifying melt-affected profile sections in deep ice. Despite challenges for ice-core climate reconstruction based on chemical records, melt layers are a proxy of warm temperatures above freezing, which is most sensitive in the dry snow and percolation zone. Bringing together insights from snow physics, firn hydrology, and ice-core proxy research, we aim to foster a more comprehensive understanding of ice cores as climate and environmental archives, provide a reference on how to approach melt-affected records, and raise awareness of the limitations and potential of melt layers in ice cores.

Significant Local Sea Level Variations Caused by Continental Hydrology Signals

AbstractSpace gravity missions have enabled the quantification of the mass component of sea‐level rise over the past two decades. Barystatic sea‐level rise is predominantly driven by melting polar ice sheets and mountain glaciers. However, continental hydrological processes also contribute to global sea level change at significant magnitudes. We show that for most coastal areas in low‐to‐mid latitudes, up to half of manometric sea‐level rise is due to changes in water storage in ice‐free continental regions. At other locations the direct attraction effect of anthropogenic pumping of groundwater over the duration of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow‐On (GRACE‐FO) mission offsets sea‐level rise from ice sheet and glacier melt. If these trends in continental hydrological storage were to slow or stop, these regions would experience greatly accelerated sea‐level rise, posing a risk to coastal settlements and infrastructure, however, for most coastal communities current rates of sea‐level rise would be significantly reduced.

A global timekeeping problem postponed by global warming.

The historical association of time with the rotation of Earth has meant that Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) closely follows this rotation1. Because the rotation rate is not constant, UTC contains discontinuities (leap seconds), which complicates its use in computer networks2. Since 1972, all UTC discontinuities have required that a leap second be added3. Here we show that increased melting of ice in Greenland and Antarctica, measured by satellite gravity4,5, has decreased the angular velocity of Earth more rapidly than before. Removing this effect from the observed angular velocity shows that since 1972, the angular velocity of the liquid core of Earth has been decreasing at a constant rate that has steadily increased the angular velocity of the rest of the Earth. Extrapolating the trends for the core and other relevant phenomena to predict future Earth orientation shows that UTC as now defined will require a negative discontinuity by 2029. This will pose an unprecedented problem for computer network timing and may require changes in UTC to be made earlier than is planned. If polar ice melting had not recently accelerated, this problem would occur 3 years earlier: global warming is already affecting global timekeeping.

Zero Emission Guide by The Last Indonesian Minister Regulation of 2022 Uses Blockchain – BIM for Green Efficiency

As a result of climate change poses a threat and crisis that is currently sweeping the world; one of them is causing drought, rising sea levels, melting polar ice, and heat waves; therefore, the target towards Net Zero Emission (NZE) in 2060 must be an obligation in all countries. Green Building (GB) is a building that meets Building Technical Standards, and It has demonstrated demonstrable success in conserving resources such as water, energy, and other resources. The application of GB principles following the function and classification in every stage of its implementation is expected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This research aims to analyze the cost of improvement work based on GB assessment, which is an influencing factor in applying the regulation from the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) Indonesian government. The Technical Guidelines for GB, through the Minister of PUPR No.1 of 2022, is the latest regulation in Indonesia. Blockchain- Building Information Modelling (BIM) and the Implementation of GB using Structural Equation Modelling–Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) for the analysis. Applying Blockchain-BIM to overcome the cost constraints is proven to increase the cost performance of GB in modern shopping center buildings by 3 - 3.8% in the Basic rating. It is higher when selecting a zero-emission approach for other ratings, dramatically affecting the required green costs.

The role of China in protecting the Arctic against pollutions from vessels: a legal perspective.

In the past decade, global climate change and the rapid melting of polar ice have dramatically transformed the Arctic landscape from a vast ice-covered area to a seasonally navigable sea. This accessibility has sparked increased commercial activity, posing a threat from various pollutants, particularly from vessel sources. Given China's profound interests in Arctic shipping, its involvement may face resistance from Arctic states, and therefore, it is important for China to ensure that its presence benefits local communities and states. This study explores China's role in shaping the international legal landscape to protect the Arctic from vessel-source pollutions. The intricate interplay between China's economic interests, maritime security concerns, and environmental commitments in the Arctic underscores China's potential role. By aligning with existing international legal structures, such as UNCLOS and MARPOL, China has already started to demonstrate its commitment to preserving the Arctic environment. This study assesses and discusses the potentially strategic importance of China's involvement in influencing legal regimes, offering a crucial contribution to global efforts to preserve this vital region.

Application of the Green Building Concept (BGH) in High-Rise Office Buildings Based on Hybrid Dynamics to Improve Cost Performance

Global warming, including droughts, rising sea levels, melting polar ice caps, and solar storms, poses a very serious and significant threat to the planet due to current climate change. Green Buildings (GB) are buildings that achieve significant and measurable results in saving energy, water, and other resources by applying BGH principles based on the function and classification of the project. The Indonesian government's latest regulation, through the Technical Guidance on BGH Performance Evaluation Standards of the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) for 2022, is a way to reduce carbon emissions and achieve the net zero emissions (NZE) target by 2060. Regulatory Review: This study aims to analyze the factors that most influence the implementation of green buildings by the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing ministry of high-rise office buildings in indonesia towards increasing costs using the hybrid dynamic method, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) - Partial Least Square (PLS).

Optimizing Time Performance in implementing Green Retrofitting on High-Rise Residential by using System Dynamics and M-PERT

Climate change is a threat and crisis that is engulfing the world today; therefore, the target of Net Zero Emission (NZE) by 2060 should be an obligation for all countries. The greenhouse effect, global warming, destruction of the ozone layer, forest destruction, uncontrolled use of CFCs, and industrial exhaust are factors that cause climate change. The consequences of climate change are dire, resulting in drought, water scarcity, land fires, rising sea levels, flash floods, melting polar ice caps, storms, and a decline in biodiversity. Green buildings (GB) are important in saving energy, water, and other resources by meeting technical construction standards and applying green building principles according to their function and classification at each stage of their implementation. Buildings with measurable performance. Expected to reduce carbon or greenhouse gas emissions. The latest Technical Guidelines for Green Building Performance Assessment Standards were developed through regulations from the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) No.1 of 2022. The way to improve and find a solution to achieve a Green Building according to these regulations is by applying solar modules as an alternative energy source in the building under study, providing significant added value to the assessment process. This research aims to analyze whether the renewable energy source factor is an influencing factor in the application of the Ministry of PUPR Green Building in High-Rise Residential. This research framework is at least initiated from matters where M-PERT, which is an innovation and the latest method of continuation of the PERT method, is proven to be able to provide an accuracy of planning execution time of 99% or with an error rate of 1%. From the research results with the application of M-PERT, it is proven that it can provide an accuracy of implementation time of 98.93% in the Primary Rating, while in the Intermediate Rating, it can provide an accuracy of implementation time of 99.92% and 98.88% accuracy of implementation time for the Main Rating category. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-07 Full Text: PDF

Evaluating algorithms of decision tree, support vector machine and regression for anode side catalyst data in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Nowadays, due to the various type of problems stemmed from using chemical compounds and fossil fuels which have widely influence on whole environment including acid rain, polar ice melting and etc., number of researches have been leading on replacing the nonrenewable energy sources with renewable ones in order to produce clean fuels. Among these, hydrogen emerges as a quintessential clean fuel, garnering substantial attention for its potential to be synthesized from the electric power generated by renewable sources like nuclear and solar energies. This is achieved through the employment of a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) system, widely recognized as one of the most proficient and economically viable technologies for effecting the separation of H2O into H+ and OH−. In this study, the important affecting parameters on the anode side of catalyst in PEMWE and analyzed them by machine-learning (ML) algorithms through developing a data science (DS) procedure were discussed. Various machine learning models were subjected to comparison, wherein the Decision Tree models, specifically those configured with maximum depths of 3 and 4, emerged as the optimal choices, attaining a perfect 100% accuracy across both Dataset 1 and Dataset 2. Moreover, notable enhancements in accuracy values were observed for the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model, registering increments from 0.79 to 0.82 for Dataset 1 and 2, respectively. In stark contrast, the remaining models experienced a decrement in their accuracy scores. This phenomenon underscores the pivotal role played by the data generation process in rendering the models more faithful to real-world scenarios.

Orbiting the Climate Crisis: Innovations in Satellite Design for Global Warming Insights

Global warming, driven primarily by anthropogenic activities, has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges of our time. To address this critical issue, there is a growing need for advanced tools and technologies that can provide comprehensive and real-time data on the Earth's climate system. Satellites play a pivotal role in monitoring and understanding global warming by offering a unique vantage point from space. This research paper delves into the design and development of specialized satellites tailored for the specific purpose of studying global warming phenomena. It highlights the crucial role these satellites play in gathering valuable data related to temperature changes, greenhouse gas concentrations, sea level rise, polar ice melting, and other critical climate indicators. The paper discusses the importance of precise instrumentation and remote sensing technologies in enabling these satellites to collect accurate and timely information. Furthermore, the paper explores the various challenges associated with designing satellites for global warming studies, including thermal control, orbital considerations, payload design, and data transmission. It also addresses the necessity of international collaboration and data-sharing agreements to maximize the impact of these satellites in the global effort to combat climate change.

Renewable Energy Approach with Indonesian Regulation Guide Uses Blockchain-BIM to Green Cost Performance

Climate change is a threat and crisis that hit the world today; one of them is causing drought, rising sea levels, melting polar ice, and heat waves; therefore, the target towards Net Zero Emission (NZE) in 2060 must be an obligation in all countries. Green Building (GB) is a building that meets Building Technical Standards, and has demonstrated demonstrable success in conserving resources such as water, energy, and other resources. The application of GB principles following the function and classification in every stage of their implementation is expected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This research aims to analyze the cost of improvement work based on GB assessment in applying the Technical Guidelines from Minister of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) No. 1 of 2022, which is the latest regulation in Indonesia. The blockchain-BIM method and the implementation of the GB component will be analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to find the most influential factors. The results of this study show that by applying Blockchain-BIM to overcome the cost constraints, it is proven to be able to increase the cost performance of GB in modern shopping center buildings by 3–3.8% in the Basic rating, while for other ratings, it is 0.5–2.1% higher, where the selection of a renewable energy model is very influential. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-10-09 Full Text: PDF

Algorithm for simulating melting polar ice, Earth internal movement and volcano eruption with 3-dimensional inertia tensor

This paper reports the result of an investigation of a hypothesis that the melting polar ice of Earth flowing down to the equatorial region causes volcano eruptions. We assumed a cube inside the spherical body of Earth, formulated a 3-dimensional inertia tensor of the cube, and then simulated the redistribution of the mass that is to be caused by the movement of melted ice on the Earth’s surface. Such mass distribution changes the inertia tensor of the cube. Then, the cube’s rotation inside Earth was simulated by multiplying the Euler angle matrix by the inertia tensor. Then, changes in the energy intensity and the angular momentum of the cube were calculated as coefficients of Hamiltonian equations of motion, which are made of the inertia tensor and sine and cosine curves of the rotation angles. The calculations show that the melted ice increases Earth’s internal energy intensity and angular momentum, possibly increasing volcano eruptions.

Regional polar warming linked to poleward moisture transport variability

Polar warming, ice melt and strong precipitation events are strongly affected by episodic poleward advection of warm and moist air (Woods and Caballero 2016 J. Clim. 29 4473–85; Wille et al 2019 Nat. Geosci. 12 911–6), which, in turn, is linked to variability in poleward moisture transport (PMT) (Nash et al 2018 J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 123 6804–21). However, processes governing regional impacts of PMT as well as long-term trends remain largely unknown. Here we use an ensemble of state-of-the-art global climate models in standardized scenario simulations (1850–2100) to show that both the Arctic and the Antarctic exhibit distinct geographical patterns of PMT-related warming. Specifically, years with high PMT experience considerable warming over subarctic Eurasia and West-Antarctica (Raphael et al 2016 Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 97 111–21), whereas precipitation is distributed more evenly over the polar regions. The warming patterns indicate preferred routes of atmospheric rivers (Woods and Caballero 2016 J. Clim. 29 4473–85), which may regionally enhance atmospheric moisture content, cloud cover, and downward longwave radiative heating in years with comparatively high PMT (Scott et al 2019 J. Clim. 32 665–84). Trend-analyses reveal that the link between PMT-variability and regional precipitation patterns will weaken in both polar regions. Even though uncertainties associated with intermodel differences are considerable, the advection of warm and moist air associated with PMT-variability is likely to increasingly cause mild conditions in both polar regions, which in the Arctic will reinforce sea-ice melt. Similarly, the results suggest that warm years in West-Antarctica disproportionally contribute to ice sheet melt (Trusel et al 2015 Nat. Geosci. 8 927–32), enhancing the risk of ice-sheet instabilities causing accelerated and sudden sea-level rise.

Literature Study on Conditions of Sea Surface Temperature and Seawater Rise in Indonesia Detected by Remote Sensing

The Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is an important parameter for climate dynamic issues either globally or regionally as well as for global warming issues. In some condition the parameter can cause melting glaciers that will influence the rise of the sea levels. The further effect will be the climate change with the weather phenomena such as storms, hurricanes and heavy rains. As the result, the changes of the planting seasons occur and all of these will harm human life on earth. If there is no prevention with the condition of the parameter it is predicted that by 2040 the sea levels will rise highly because of the melting polar ice caps that will cause the sink of theislands. The SST has been detecting using remote sensing methods for 32 years in Indonesia. The trend has increased to reduce the damage of infrastructure and the activity disturbance of coastal communities. Indonesian country optimistically commits to achieve the target of net zero emission by 2060. The Indonesian government has stated nationally the climate target commitments determined for Indonesia and will strive to maintain the main target of reducing greenhouse gas emission into 41% by 2030.

Climate Change in Jennifer Mills Dyschronia: An Eco-Social Critical Study

In the recent decades, the influence of the oblivious human actions has resulted in an environmental devastation and critical problems affecting both nature and human being existence. Climate changes entail a change in temperature and weather conditions, and these changes can lead to serious crisis such severe fires, droughts, rising sea levels, water scarcity, melting polar ice, floods, catastrophic storms, and declining biodiversity. The current paper tries to highlight the impact of capitalism and its practices upon the environment and how the economy plays an important role in depleting resource and destroying the whole environment. The study investigates Jennifer Mills Dyschronia to highlight the effect of climate change upon human lives through adapting ecosocialism theory. The study comes up that capitalist ideology, which seeks to achieve the ultimate gains, results in depleting the resources of the nations and thus creating deserted environments. The depletion of resources leads to displacing people from their environment.

Dataset for "Weakening of western disturbances in response to polar sea ice melt in climate model simulations"

Dataset for "Weakening of western disturbances in response to polar sea ice melt in climate model simulations"

Impact of Northern Sea Route on China's grain imports with EU countries

The Northern Sea Route (NSR) has been navigated successfully with the melting polar ice and developing technology, which will impact China's bulk trade with the European Union (EU) countries. This research mainly investigates the effect of using NSR for grain transport with a minimum comprehensive cost, including shipping costs and environemental effects. Integer programming has been applied to optimize the simulation system with 24 routes and six types of vessels (five conventional vessels and one ice-class vessel) in the with-NSR and without-NSR situations. The result shows that the cost will be reduced by 20% with-NSR scenario, and an additional 7% reduction can be found with the increase in the ice-class vessel fleet. Due to the current demand, panamax-sized vessels are the most preferable. This article also provides an optimal and feasible framework for vessel scheduling in with-NSR and without-NSR situations.

Weakening of Indian Summer Monsoon Synoptic Activity in Response to Polar Sea Ice Melt Induced by Albedo Reduction in a Climate Model

AbstractThe effect of polar sea ice melt on low latitude climate is little known. To understand the response of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) synoptic activity to the sea ice melt, we have run a suite of coupled and uncoupled climate model simulations. In one set of simulations, the albedo of sea ice is reduced so that it would melt due to increased absorption of solar radiation. The coupled model simulation with a reduced sea ice albedo resulted in an almost complete melting of the sea ice in summer in both hemispheres. A high‐resolution (50 km) atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) is forced with the climatological annual cycles of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice concentrations (SIC) from the coupled model outputs to better resolve synoptic scale variability. In the high‐resolution AGCM simulations forced with SST and SIC from the sea ice melt experiments, the ISM circulation weakened substantially, and the monsoon low‐pressure systems (LPS) activity experienced an overall decline of 23%, with a widespread weakening in the south and a moderate strengthening over the north, in response to a decline of 78% (24%) in SIC over the Arctic (Antarctic) in the June–September season. The changes in the LPS activity in response to polar sea ice melt are found to be mostly driven by the changes in low‐level absolute vorticity and vertical shear over the Bay of Bengal.