Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises Research Articles

Would behaviors of state-owned enterprises impact the performance of downstream industries in China?

The inefficiency of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) not only affects their own performance but also has implications for downstream enterprises. However, existing literature has not been able to accurately assess the impact of SOEs on the downstream sector. This study presents an innovative approach by combining input-output technologies and econometric models to construct Pair-Weighted Least Square (PWLS) estimations using a dataset of 20,403,924 firm-level pairs. The analysis examines the impact of SOEs on downstream performance and provides evidence of their negative influence as well as the effectiveness of SOEs reform in China. The findings indicate that SOEs have exerted a detrimental effect on downstream performance between 2008 and 2019. Medium-sized SOEs, due to their larger scale and relatively lower regulation, exhibit a particularly negative impact. However, as the reform of SOEs in China has progressed, the negative effect of SOEs on downstream enterprises has gradually diminished. Important factors indicative of SOEs reform, such as efficiency, equity concentration, and scale, play crucial roles in mitigating the harmful effects on the downstream sector. The reform of SOEs in China can offer valuable insights for the reform of state-owned enterprises worldwide.

Analysis of occurrence characteristics and influencing factors of new occupational diseases in Tianjin city from 2008 to 2017

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of new occupational diseases in Tianjin from 2008 to 2017, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures for occupational diseases in Tianjin. Methods: In 2018, data on the new occupational disease in Tianjin from 2008 to 2017 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Statistical analysis was performed on the basic situation, the nature of the company, and the distribution of the industry. Results: A total of 5201 cases of occupational diseases were reported in Tianjin from 2008 to 2017, mainly including pneumoconiosis (92.37%) , followed by occupational poisoning (2.88%) , and the third occupational ENT disease (2.31%) . The male cases were higher than females, with a median age of 56 years and a median of 20 years of service. The most reported area was Hedong District (26.86%) . The economic type and scale of the cases belonged to state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises. The industry is mainly composed of non-metallic mineral products, and there are significant differences in the composition ratios of its economic type (χ(2)=19240.00, P<0.01) , enterprise size (χ(2)=3883.00, P<0.01) and industry (χ(2)=52050.00, P<0.01) . Conclusion: Pneumoconiosis, occupational poisoning and occupational ENT diseases are the key prevention and control occupational diseases in Tianjin city. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of occupational diseases in large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, and to respond to occupational disease hazards in such key industries as the manufacturing industry so as to protect the health of occupational groups.

Solve the Problem or Escape Responsibility? The Politics of Chinese Privatization Reform

This article investigates the Chinese privatization reform in the late 1990s, when the privatizations were implemented among small- and medium-sized state-owned enterprises and pushed by the local governments. Even though the Chinese privatization reform has been intensively discussed, few studies can fully explain how China’s local governments could increase fiscal surpluses through privatization under the condition that the policy burden of redundant workers was persistent. Hence, this paper proposes three hypotheses that reflect different motivations of the local governments. Testing the hypotheses via the method of process tracing for causal inference, I find that due to comparatively fewer subsidy payments, China’s local governments could have a fiscal surplus after privatization reform. By unveiling the mechanism, this article can help people to understand why China’s central and local governments had conflicting interests in the process of privatization. More importantly, it re-evaluates the role of China’s local government in the process of privatization. The original intention of the local government was to escape the responsibility of paying subsidies rather than solve the problem of bad performance in state-owned enterprises.

The development of employee ownership in China

PurposeLittle systematic work has been completed on the incidence of employee ownership in a Chinese context. Similar to the situation in Eastern Europe, this type of ownership was quite widespread in China, particularly during the 1990s. Based on the existing literature and available statistical data, the purpose of this paper is to identify drivers of, and barriers to, the development of employee ownership in China.Design/methodology/approachThe scattered evidence from the literature and official statistical sources are collected and structured in a systematic analysis where the drivers and barriers for employee ownership in the transition process from plan to market are identified at three levels: society, the company and the individual.FindingsEmployee ownership developed as a transitory stage between state and private ownership; employees acquired ownership stakes as part of the privatisation of small- and medium-sized state-owned enterprises as well as collectively owned enterprises. However, in most cases the dynamics of ownership resulted in dominant ownership by managers. This trend became more noticeable at later stages of the privatisation process.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper shows how policies and institutional settings at the society level are determining for the development of employee ownership.Originality/valueThe contribution of the paper is to give a general and systematic analysis of the development of employee ownership in China both based on a comprehensive literature review and by utilising existing statistical sources.

Analysis on the Pathway of Implementation of QDII and Chinese Enterprises Overseas Investment Risk from the Perspective of Capital Market Internationalization

In this paper, we conduct analysis on the pathway of implementation of QDII and Chinese enterprises overseas investment risk from the perspective of capital market internationalization. From the perspective of enterprise development, the multi-level capital market is the source of vitality. China's economy went into a state of dual economy, on the one hand there are a number of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, on the other hand are the thriving entrepreneurial companies while individual demand for capital market is different, different enterprises listed on the threshold. In the world economy, international direct investment is the most can reflect one of the economic operations of the concept of economic globalization, and has inseparable relation with international trade. Along with the economic globalization process is accelerated, overall, the international foreign direct investment and international trade interaction, promote each other, are dramatically increasing and expanding. This paper integrates the research on the related issues to propose the new suggestions that will be innovative and necessary.

Occupational Health Management Research on Small &amp; Medium-sized Enterprises Together with Large &amp; Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises ——A Case Study in Hubei Province

With the rapid development of economy, occupational health problems have become increasingly prominent, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprises are important guarantee for economic development. More attentions are needed to pay on their occupational health problems. This paper took Hubei Province as an example. Through the data collected by fieldwork, occupational health management status in small and medium enterprises (SMEs), large enterprises, state-owned enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises were analyzed. Through this research, the status of OHS Management in Hubei Province is tried to understand and adequate reference to future development of OHS is tried to provide.

Shareholding reform of state-owned enterprises and control

One of the most commonly used ways to restructure big and medium-sized state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China is through shareholding reform. This article classifies the shareholding reform into four modes and explores the relationship among these modes, in terms of the degree of control over controlled listed companies and governance efficiency. Using data of 285 SOEs during 1997–2000 (three years after their IPO), we find that restructuring modes affect the degree of control by controlling shareholders over listed companies. Furthermore, the controlling shareholder of incompletely restructured enterprises prefers a higher degree of control. In addition, the higher the degree of control, the more serious the problems of related trading and tunneling behaviors. We also find that restructuring modes affect the governance structure of listed companies, which in turn affect the degree of related trading and tunneling behaviors. These findings reveal that incomplete restructuring of SOEs before their listing is likely to make these enterprises be vulnerable to external control and thus negatively affects their governance efficiency.

Industrial Restructuring and Workers’ Resistance in China

The Fifteenth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in September 1997 formally sanctioned a radical reshuffling of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Since then, numerous smalland medium-sized SOEs, in the name of enterprise restructuring (qiye gaizhi), have been converted into shareholding companies with mixed public and private ownership, sold or leased to private individuals (either domestic or foreign), merged with one another, or just allowed to go bankrupt. The state is carrying out the restructuring program for a twofold purpose. It wants to rid itself of the financial burden of sustaining smalland medium-sized SOEs that are strategically unimportant, and it wants to transform them into market players by changing their ownership and management. While it may still be too early to assess the economic effect of the program, its social consequences are troublesome. One of these consequences, as some scholars note, is a rapid transfer of state assets into the hands of managerial nomenklatura and other private individuals (Ding, 2000), a process similar to has been called spontaneous privatization in former socialist countries. But the illicit asset stripping of state firms does not constitute the whole picture of who gets what in the divestment process (Ding, 1999). The restructuring program has led to a systemic erosion of labor interests, as it has been accompanied by severe measures against workers, including

Economic Restructuring in China's Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises: Evidence from Liaoning

Through field trips and interviews, which took place in June and November 2000, this article discusses recent developments in the economic restructuring of five large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in one city in Liaoning. We found that most of the firms we interviewed have attempted to compete in the market and upgrade technologies. This is most apparent in attempts to separate the production and social welfare functions of the enterprise and related progress in the areas of housing, medical care and pension reform. However, we also found that the SOEs we interviewed are still heavily dependent on preferential government policies. In particular, several of the SOEs interviewed for this article appear to be primarily profitable due to government policy favors (debt-for-equity swaps, outright debt write-offs and subsidized loans).

The Current Stage of the Introduction of the Stock Company System in Large and Medium-Sized State-Owned Enterprises in China

The Current Stage of the Introduction of the Stock Company System in Large and Medium-Sized State-Owned Enterprises in China

China’s State-Owned Enterprises

Since the early 1990s, China's state-owned industrial sector has experienced severe and increasing stress. When the reform process emerged in 1992 from its post-Tiananmen doldrums, China's policy and rhetoric on state-owned enterprises (SOEs) began shifting steadily. In 1994, the government announced a major program of reforms with the theme of transforming SOEs into corporations. A new round of experiments began in selected enterprises and cities, but a few years later, observers were more agreed than ever that efforts to improve the efficiency of the SOEs had been inadequate. After years of fretting about mounting SOE losses, government policy shifted toward acceptance of a quiet but nevertheless large-scale privatization of smalland medium-sized SOEs. By 1997, the World Bank, which had until then shown a notable patience with China's SOEs, was calling for the selection of no more than one thousand industrial SOEs for continued state majority share ownership and was recommending a more passive state role in all SOEs. China's leadership appeared increasingly prepared to accept such recommendations. In what follows, we suggest a perspective on the role of SOEs in China's moder economic transformation, beginning with the period

Privatisation and local governments in Mainland China: A critical assessment

Local authorities in China have already privatised most of their small and medium-sized state-owned enterprises (SOEs) following the endorsement of this policy by the 15th Communist Party Congress in September 1997. Their incentives for doing so, however, are often to be found in rent-seeking rather than in the desire to increase competition or attract foreign direct investment. Profound economic and institutional reforms will be required if “market-preserving” incentives are to become the dominant ones in China’s transition process.

From State-Owned Enterprise to Joint Venture: A Case Study of the Crisis in Urban Social Services

Previous articleNext article No AccessReports from the FieldFrom State-Owned Enterprise to Joint Venture: A Case Study of the Crisis in Urban Social ServicesRobert P. Weller and Jiansheng LiRobert P. Weller Search for more articles by this author and Jiansheng Li Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The China Journal Volume 43Jan., 2000 Published on behalf of the Australian Centre on China in the World at the Australian National University Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/2667533 Views: 25Total views on this site Citations: 12Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright The China JournalPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Scarlett Ting Jin, Daniel Zhi Sui Do central state interventions cause urban shrinkage in China?, Journal of Urban Affairs 43, no.99 (Mar 2020): 1310–1329.https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2020.1730696Christopher J. Rees, John Hassard, Jonathan Morris, Jackie Sheehan, Xiao Yuxin China's state‐owned enterprises: economic reform and organizational restructuring, Journal of Organizational Change Management 23, no.55 (Aug 2010): 500–516.https://doi.org/10.1108/09534811011071252Jonathan Morris, Barry Wilkinson, Jos Gamble Strategic international human resource management or the ‘bottom line’? The cases of electronics and garments commodity chains in China, The International Journal of Human Resource Management 20, no.22 (Feb 2009): 348–371.https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190802670722 References, (Jan 2007): 147–157.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-84334-180-2.50019-0Mark W. Frazier State-sector shrinkage and workforce reduction in China, European Journal of Political Economy 22, no.22 (Jun 2006): 435–451.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2005.09.012Jieming Zhu A Transitional Institution for the Emerging Land Market in Urban China, Urban Studies 42, no.88 (Jul 2005): 1369–1390.https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980500150714Mary E. Gallagher “Time is money, efficiency is life”: The transformation of labor relations in China, Studies in Comparative International Development 39, no.22 (Jun 2004): 11–44.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02686276John Hassard, Jonathan Morris, Jackie Sheehan The ‘third way’: the future of work and organization in a ‘corporatized’ Chinese economy, The International Journal of Human Resource Management 15, no.22 (Mar 2004): 314–330.https://doi.org/10.1080/0958519032000158536Russell Smyth, Zhai Qingguo Economic Restructuring in China's Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises: Evidence from Liaoning, Journal of Contemporary China 12, no.3434 (Feb 2003): 173–205.https://doi.org/10.1080/10670560305461 Dorothy J. Solinger Chinese Urban Jobs and the WTO, The China Journal 49 (Oct 2015): 61–87.https://doi.org/10.2307/3182195Russell Smyth, Zhai Qingguo, Hu Wenguo Restructuring China's Petrochemical Enterprises: A Case Study of the Fushun Petrochemical Company, Post-Communist Economies 13, no.22 (Aug 2010): 243–261.https://doi.org/10.1080/14631370124898 Literatur, (): 197–219.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90477-1_10

Enhancing the patent work of enterprises in China

1 April 1992 was the eighth birthday of the Chinese patent system. Patent application numbers have been increasing every year. However, the patent work in enterprises needs to be enhanced. Some large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises have not made any patent application within this seven year period. A few local authorities have gained really good experiences in promoting patent activities in enterprises.