Medium-sized Industrial Enterprises Research Articles

IMPACT INVESTMENT IN POST-WAR UKRAINE

To restore the economy of Ukraine in the post-war period, it is expedient to work out applicable communication tools with investors. With respect to the global market, there is a noticeable trend towards an increase in impact investments in 2016-2022 by $ 1,050 billion or in other words, 10.21 times. The rapid growth of impact investing at the global level testifies to the significance of investments aimed at achieving the provisions of the concept of sustainable development. The purpose of the study is to elaborate theoretical and practical provisions for information support of impact investing in order to attract financial resources to restore the economic activity of business entities in the post-war period in compliance with the sustainable development guidelines. Having conducted a study of the published non-financial reporting of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises of Ukraine, it was found that only 22.7% thereof prepare a Sustainable Development Report annually. With respect to the selected enterprises group, 91% prepare a management report in an arbitrary form and publish it on their official website. Having conducted a study of published nonfinancial reporting of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in Ukraine, it turned out that only 22.7% of them annually prepare a Sustainable Development Report. In the selected group of enterprises, 91% prepare a management report in any form and publish it on their official website. However, given the arbitrary form of information presentation, investors cannot fully obtain up-to-date information about the company’s social policy and environmental activities. In addition, the formation of reporting on issues of sustainable development and social responsibility has not yet become widespread among Ukrainian enterprises, which hinders the development of impact investing in Ukraine. Especially with regard to increasing the investment attractiveness of Ukrainian enterprises, the structure has been clarified and meaningful recommendations have been developed regarding the information content of the Management Report, which will contribute to increasing the transparency of reporting and attract influential investors.

THE COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES IN A KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY

Purpose- The aim of the study was to show the issue of the competitiveness of enterprises in mod-ern economic conditions, where knowledge becomes particularly important - its place in the com-pany's resources, the extent to which it is used, the way in which it is collected or treated as an indispensable factor in the creation of competitive strategies. Design/methodology/approach- In this study, various research methods have been used, including: descriptive and comparative methods and induction. The choice of methods has been determined by the available research materials relating to business competitiveness and knowledge. The descripti-ve method is used to present key issues of this paper, in particular for historical considerations of competitiveness. The comparative method has been used wherever different positions have been presented and described or the selected research area has been discussed. In addition, the article uses a literature review, carried out using both Polish and foreign language positions. Findings- The results of this study show that the competitiveness of businesses is a very complex issue. The competitiveness of Polish small and medium-sized enterprises, which were the subject of the study, is unsatisfactory. This is probably due to internal and external factors. Among the exter-nal factors, it is worth mentioning, for example, the lack of systemic solutions related to cooperation in the triad science-business-administration, the lack of coherent solutions concerning the commer-cialisation of knowledge, which may result from the lack of tradition of such forms of cooperation in Poland. Moreover, Polish entrepreneurs operate within the framework of a free market economy for a relatively short period of time (conventionally, 1989 is assumed to be the beginning of social and economic transformations in Poland), which means that they often face problems that already exist in highly developed countries only in the past or do not exist in such intensity (finance, access to technology).Limitations/applications of testing- It should be stressed that the study was restricted to Polish small and medium-sized industrial enterprises. When analysing the results of the study, it should be borne in mind that the operating conditions of all entities change over time.Practical effects- The results of these studies have both theoretical and practical implications. In theoretical terms, they can contribute to further research into the issue of competitiveness, and can give rise to a broad academic discussion, especially in those areas that are not presented here but are important from the point of view of competitiveness. In practical terms, the results of research can inspire entrepreneurs to revise or strengthen their pro-innovative and pro-competitive activities. Orginality- This article makes a real contribution to the development of research relating to the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises operating in a knowledge-based economy. The results of the research will provide an opportunity to broaden the research areas in the future and for managers and other entities they can provide a base of knowledge about competitiveness

Research on the Training Mode of Technical Talents in Small and Medium-sized Industrial Robot Enterprises — Cooperating with Vocational-oriented Education

This article takes small and medium-sized industrial robot enterprises in Shenzhen as a case study to deeply explore the design and implementation of school-enterprise collaborative education models. By conducting in-depth interviews and investigations of these enterprises, it can be found that their demand for talent goes beyond theoretical knowledge to emphasize practical skills and innovative thinking. The research shows such models can effectively improve students’ practical abilities and employment competitiveness while contributing to the cultivation of skilled talents for small and medium-sized robot firms. However, there remains room for progress, as cooperation between schools and enterprises needs strengthening. Practical teaching quality and effectiveness requires optimization, and vocational education and assessments need closer alignment with business needs. To enhance the model, communication between schools and firms should deepen cooperative relationships. Focusing on cultivating practical skills through improved practical teaching is important. Relevancy and applicability of vocational training should also rise. With continued attention on industry developments and changing company needs, timely adjustments can maximize contributions to talent development and corporate success.

Increasing innovative activity at Ukrainian industrial enterprises through technology transfer

The article examines measures of step-by-step promotion of innovations at industrial enterprises of Ukraine. Economic factors hindering the implementation of new technologies at enterprises are highlighted. This is caused primarily by the fact that during the global economic crisis, enterprises and industries that actively implement and use innovative technologies are competitive. At the same time, Ukraine continues to develop as a country with a high share of raw materials industries, and innovative development has not become one of the main signs of the growth of the national economy. Although positive trends were observed for several years, they were mainly temporary in nature and were replaced by opposite shifts in the economy, which characterizes innovation processes in Ukraine as unstable and devoid of clear long-term incentives for innovative activity. In these conditions, there is a need to identify key problems that hinder the development of innovative activities of domestic enterprises, and to find ways to solve them. The implementation of a marketing strategy for the promotion of innovative projects at small and medium-sized industrial enterprises and the transfer process of innovations at large enterprises to gain their competitive advantages in domestic and foreign markets is substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the existing features of implementation in the conditions of digitalization of global business, which is confirmed by the construction of appropriate layouts and schemes. An overview was carried out to what extent all these technological innovations lead to deep and large-scale changes in the systemic character of economic (and not only economic) relations, reformatting of their very foundations and the emergence of new socio-economic institutions. Thus, the basis of modern relations is not only and not so much property relations, but the possibility of access to certain goods, resources, and information. Radical technological innovations to one degree or another affect and will increasingly affect the technologies of commercial operations, the role and forms of activity of their commercial intermediaries. The process of technology transfer to the real sector of the economy has been improved, which takes into account the joint refinement of innovative projects of innovators with enterprises that are potential bases of implementation, with the implementation of the activities of the Coordination Center.

Application of Selected Digital Enterprise Tools in Small and Medium-Sized Industrial Enterprises

Application of Selected Digital Enterprise Tools in Small and Medium-Sized Industrial Enterprises

An Exploratory Analysis of Sustainability Indicators in Turkish Small- and Medium-Sized Industrial Enterprises

Significant differences exist between the sustainability practices of large businesses and those of small- and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial sector. Small- and medium-sized enterprises have restricted access to capital, resources, and experience. Most sustainable manufacturing strategies are based on indicators and evaluation models developed for large firms. This study aims to identify sustainability indicators for small- and medium-sized industrial firms. The sustainability indicators are generated from the G4-specific standard disclosures of the Global Reporting Initiative, which provide a triple-bottom-line approach. A total of 142 senior and middle sustainability-focused managers and partners participated in the survey. An exploratory factor analysis was performed in the first step, and 12 key factors were found. The Best–Worst Method (BWM) was employed in the second step to rank the criteria in order of priority. As a theoretical contribution, this study introduces human rights and economic impact on society as two additional sustainability indicators for small- and medium-sized enterprises. The two most significant aspects of sustainability for Turkish small- and medium-sized businesses are labor rights and energy saving. This study provides empirical evidence from a broad range of stakeholders for the conceptually addressed challenges of sustainability in prior studies. The results demonstrate empirically that the sustainability-based value creation for stakeholder interests, such as employees at the core of business activities, is greater in small and medium enterprises than for other stakeholders. This study’s findings will give managers a framework for establishing key sustainability indicators for allocating the limited resources of small- and medium-sized enterprises.

Estimation of metabolic burden within the concept of vascular ageing in hypertension (a study of the able-bodied population of a large industrial center)

The objective of the study was to assess the metabolic burden within the concept of vascular ageing in hypertension (HTN) based on the results the able-bodied population study of a large industrial center. Design and methods. A continuous non-randomized cross-sectional study was performed, it included the employees of two medium-sized industrial and commercial enterprises (n = 547). All subjects underwent a formalized medical questionnaire aimed at identifying cardiovascular risk factors, symptoms and signs of cardiovascular pathology, measuring blood pressure (BP), serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, creatinine and uric acid. Values for 10-year risk of fatal cardiovascular events, total cardiovascular risk, vascular age, and metabolic burden were calculated. Results. In the formed sample, the metabolic burden varied from 0.00 (0.00; 28.57) % in patients with low BP (without antihypertensive medication) to 42,86 (42,86; 57,14) % in patients with the 3rd degree HTN. Positive relationships were found between the magnitude of the metabolic burden, the level of systolic BP (R = 0,432; p < 0,01), diastolic BP (R = 0,360; p < 0,01), 10-year risk of fatal cardiovascular events (R = 0,777; p < 0,01) and total cardiovascular risk (R = 0,781; p < 0,01). Patients with HTN who achieved target BP differed from those with similar BP levels by higher metabolic burden values (p < 0,05). Conclusions. HTN is associated with an increase in metabolic burden, regardless of BP level achieved during treatment. Metabolic burden assessment may be useful in identifying potentially unfavorable HTN phenotypes.

Employee job satisfaction in Industry 4.0 era: insights from the Polish SMEs

Purpose: The aim of this article is to identify the key factors influencing the achievement of job satisfaction by employees in Polish small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises during digital transformation. Design/methodology/approach: The research covered employees of Polish small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises and was divided into three main stages. In the first two stages, the subjects for the research were selected, i.e. those companies that have achieved a high degree of digital maturity. Then, in order to identify and recognize which factors are most important for achieving employee job satisfaction in the Industry 4.0 era, a survey questionnaire was used for the study. Findings: Empirical research indicates the most important factors related to job satisfaction in manufacturing SMEs with a high degree of maturity level are: job security, autonomy, and empowerment. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation is the selection of the sample, i.e. Polish SMEs, as well as the last economic conditions and the global crisis, which can have an impact on the research results and limit the generalization of the results. Practical implications: The conducted empirical research contributes to the science and practice of management by providing insight into the premises and factors related to achieving job satisfaction in small and medium-sized industrial enterprises in the Industry 4.0 era. Originality/value: The results of this article may be useful for understanding the phenomenon of achieving employee job satisfaction in the Industry 4.0 era, as they identify key factors in this area. Keywords: job satisfaction, SMEs, Industry 4.0. Category of the paper: Research paper.

Research on the relationship between government subsidies, R&D investment and high-quality development of manufacturing industry

Abstract Taking the mixed cross-sectional data of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in Shanghai from 2014 to 2021 as the research sample, this paper empirically analyses the impact of government subsidies and R&D investment on the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. First, the quantile regression model is established to analyse the relationship among the three factors, and the asymmetric linear loss function is introduced to obtain the point estimation of quantile. According to the Moivre–Laplace limit theorem, the asymptotic distribution is obtained; the sample quantile function is calculated and the fitting residual of quantile regression is used to estimate the asymptotic covariance matrix. The model was tested by goodness-of-fit criterion; it can more comprehensively describe the characteristics of distribution, so as to get a comprehensive conclusion. The experimental results show that: with increase of the quantile, the advantage gradually increases. Medium-sized enterprises have a less significant ‘inverted U’ relationship at 0.8, while large enterprises have a more significant ‘U’ relationship at 0.2–0.5. It can effectively reduce the estimation deviation and reduce the root mean squared error, so as to improve the estimation accuracy.

A study on the impact of green credit policies on the financing behavior of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises-- Based on data from a sample of 284 companies from 2011-2021

In order to achieve the "Double Carbon" goal of "Carbon Peaking" and "Carbon Neutral", the government has introduced a whole set of green finance-related policies. This paper investigates changes in the investment and financing behavior of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises after the introduction of "Guidance on Building a Green Financial System" using a DID model and a fixed-effect model, drawing the conclusions that policies are effective.

Implementation of controlling in conditions of micro, small and medium industrial enterprises

This paper deals with the implementation of controlling in a group of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises (SMEs) in Slovakia. The business environment characterized by rapid and abrupt changes forces enterprises to innovate not only products, but also internal processes and management system. Enterprises therefore implement controlling, whose role is to support the management of the enterprise in making important decisions. This paper will analyse the application of controlling in SMEs based on interviews with business managers and a questionnaire survey. Large enterprises have implemented controlling, but SMEs face the task of implementing it. Therefore, the paper will describe the tasks that need to be accomplished in the different phases of building controlling in SMEs. It will conclude by highlighting the benefits of implementing controlling for the management of SMEs.

Evolution analysis of corporate governance structure based on blockchain network security and complex adaptive system

At present, the corporate governance structure of domestic enterprises is not sound, which directly affects the development of enterprise technological innovation. This study mainly discusses the evolution of corporate governance structure based on the complex adaptive system of blockchain network security. The blockchain is actually very similar to the accounting book. The account book formed by the summary of the accounting vouchers in each month of the enterprise is equivalent to each block, and the account book formed by the sequential connection is equivalent to the block chain formed by concatenating the blocks. This article believes that in the corporate governance system, the maximum fairness and the highest efficiency are always the basic goals pursued by the system, and the balance between fairness and efficiency is the basic principle. The research content of the corporate governance system mainly involves a series of issues such as the allocation of rights and responsibilities of all stakeholders, the arrangement of residual distribution rights, and the way of participating in governance with the principal-agent relationship between the internal owners and managers of the enterprise as the core. In the company's network communication structure, the first layer is the stakeholder level, that is, the interactive protocol layer (knowledge layer) between multiple agents. The specific technology is realized through networked audio and video. The second layer is the communication language layer between Agents. Define the grammar and semantics of the Agent communication language, and realize the message transfer between Agents. The third layer is the data transmission mechanism (communication layer) between Agents. The Internet (CORBA/Java) is used to realize the establishment of agent object communication between the server and the client, and the data transmission between Agents is realized through the TCP/IP protocol. The fourth layer is the data layer. The database structure is used to realize data storage, and the data storage, query and other functions are realized through database access. The fifth layer is the support layer. Provide physical connection and specific operation platform for company governance system data transmission and exchange, and other management software and application programs. The amount of funds raised for scientific and technological activities of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises rose from 104.665 billion yuan in 2017 to 330.079 billion yuan in 2019, an increase of 215%. This research will help the company's intelligent management.

Analysis of factors of increasing innovation activity of domestic enterprises

Current trends show that the most relevant direction of maintaining competitiveness and obtaining competitive advantages of any state is the development of innovative technologies and knowledge-intensive industries. In this regard, the Russian government faces the task of forming a comprehensive innovation system based on its own technological developments. The fundamental factor contributing to the more effective development of such a system is the innovative activity of enterprises. It is necessary to consider it, as well as factors affecting its condition. It is also worth noting the uneven innovation activity characteristic of our country in different regions, depending mainly on the availability and development of key factors, such as economic infrastructure, financing, scale of production, etc. To date, the share of innovative products produced by theRussian Federation in the total volume of industrial production is approximately 6.7 %. The same indicator in developed countries is about 1619 %. Another characteristic feature of the Russian economy is the predominance of imports of innovative technologies over their exports. Large and medium-sized industrial enterprises have thegreatest innovation activity, and 60 % of their products are science-intensive.

Effects of digitalization of industrial small and medium-sized enterprises in Industry 4.0

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the industrial production process re-engineering in a fundamental way in the conditions of Industry 4.0. Objectives. The article aims to identify the current areas of digitalization and the specifics of the implementation of Industry 4.0 achievements at small and medium-sized industrial enterprises (SMEs). Methods. For the study, I applied the methods of theoretical generalization, systems, logical, structural, and comparative analyses, and statistical methods. Results. The article highlights the advantages and limitations associated with the introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies in small and medium-sized industrial enterprises and identifies constraints and prospects for entering new markets. Based on the analysis of indices, the article assesses the state of preparedness and willingness of small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia for digitalization. Conclusions. It is necessary to conduct special studies on various aspects of the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies at small and medium-sized enterprises.

Does real estate bubble affect corporate innovation? Evidence from China.

With the rapid increase of downward pressure on China’s economy, the stability of the property market, as an important part of the economic transformation process, also has a far-reaching impact on enterprises’ R&D investment. We select the data of Chinese large and medium-sized industrial enterprises from 1998 to 2015 as our research sample and propose a new combination measurement model based on closeness degree to measure the real estate bubble level in China accurately. The structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) theory is utilized to empirically test the dynamic relationship between the real estate bubble, corporate liquidity, and R&D investment. The results indicate that the real estate bubble level in China is increasing, and a certain risk of deviating from the safety interval in the future exists; The rapid expansion of the real estate bubble has a continuing negative impact on corporate R&D investment, that is, its "credit mitigation effect" is much smaller than the "capital relocation effect," and industrial enterprises will fall into the so-called "low-tech lock-in" state. In other words, to a certain extent, the development of this kind of real estate bubble will not be conducive to the transformation and upgradation of enterprises and long-term economic growth.

MODERN MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION AND SECURITY APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF AN INNOVATIVE CLUSTER GROUP IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19 ON THE BASIS OF SUSTAINABILITY, DECENTRALIZATION AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

Introduction. Differences in the understanding of the main management and information and security approaches to the formation of an innovative cluster group of SME with large industrial enterprises indicate the ambiguity of ways to measure and evaluate such interaction and its scope, which in Covid-19 on the basis of sustainability, decentralization and European integration requires further study. Methods. The historical and logical method is used in the article; the method of systematization, classification and theoretical generalization; the method of institutional analysis; the method of system analysis; the method of logical analysis and synthesis; the method of graphical analysis. Results. It is proved that the cooperation of industrial SME with large industrial enterprises makes certain demands on them. Before attempting to cooperate with large and medium-sized industrial enterprises, manufacturing SME must have a clear idea of the state of their activities, their own potential and its use, the market position of goods and services relative to competitors. Therefore, the procedure of diagnostics of the state of activity of industrial SME is developed in the work, the leading one in which is the assessment of its solvency. The competitiveness of a production SME, its potential and sustainability are assessed using available methods. Production SME differ in scale and types of activity, policy of its financing, degree of integration into the economy of the region or production cluster, which determines the multiplicity of areas of their support. Discussion. Market support for manufacturing SME should be directed to intensify their activities - assistance in finding markets, customers and business partners, the use of mechanisms for adaptation of enterprises using the full range of opportunities for administrative support. Cooperation of manufacturing SME with large industrial enterprises as a kind of business partnership can take place not only in traditional forms, but also using its most common organizational and economic models - subcontracting, franchising, leasing and venture business. The use of such a range of organizational and economic models of cooperation will help meet the interests of each of its participants and strengthen the economy of the region. Keywords: modern management, information and security approaches, innovative cluster group, COVID-19, sustainability, decentralization, European integration.

Modern Strategies in Designing Management of the Innovation Process: Devise Effective Mechanisms within Medium-Sized Industrial Enterprises for the Augmented Product of Printed Upholstery Fabrics

When designing a strategy for innovation management, the strategic motivation must be considered as a first step in the drafting or formation process. Suppose that the textile printing organization decides to develop a new strategy in line with the strategic motivation, then all factors specific to that step will be analyzed and this process is dynamic as it is implemented continuously and it is initiated. The foundation is in a new strategic inputs to develop a new and unique future image for it, and here the importance of creativity as a reason to follow this path as a primary and important factor to work within the framework of the strategic process is highlightedThe textile industry is one of the most promising sectors, because it plays an increasing role in maximizing Egyptian exports, it contributes by about 15% of Egyptian non-oil exports, it reaches about 2.6 billion Egyptian Pounds, yet it has the elements of growth in a much greater degree, just like many other countries that have achieved high levels of exports of textile industries, contributing by 3% of the gross domestic product and employing nearly a third of the industrial workforce in Egypt. The field of textile printing, dyeing and processing is one of the feeding industries to textile industry and it has a great opportunity for strategic innovation, to be able to compete internationally.

The Government Supporting Policy for Sustainable Development of Small and Medium Industrial Enterprises in Vietnam

In recent year, the issues of sustainable development in general and enterprise's sustainable development have always been given special attention by government management agency, including small and medium-size industrial enterprises. The study conducted a survey of 316 industrial SMEs in three regions of the North, Central and South of Vietnam with the main survey subjects being managers in enterprises. The main purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the goverment support policies compared to other factors developed in the research model affecting the sustainable development of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. In this research, the authors employed exploratory factor analysis to identify 4 factors affecting the sustainable development of SMEs. The research results show that the government support policies have an important role but not strongly influence human resource factors, financial factor and social responsibility (SR) policies of enterprises in their sustainable development for industrial SMEs in Vietnam.

Advantages and Barriers of Industry 4.0 Concepts Implementation in Small and Medium Industrial Enterprises

In the context of Industry 4.0, processes in industrial production are radically reorganized, including digitalization. The subject of the research is the processes of digitalization of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises. The purpose of the study was to identify the current areas of digitalization and the implementation of Industry 4.0 at industrial SMEs. Based on the bibliographic analysis, it was revealed the need for special research for the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies in SMEs, which will allow to transform them into smart factories. The advantages and limitations for the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies in manufacturing SMEs are highlighted. On the basis of statistical analysis and analysis of indices, the readiness of Russian SMEs for digitalization was assessed; constraining factors, implemented digital technologies, and prospects for entering new markets were identified.

Suggestions on the Adjustment Path of Leverage Ratio of Industrial Enterprises Above Designated Size in Dalian

Industrial enterprises are an important subject in the economy of Dalian, especially the economic development of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises plays an important role in the national economy. In recent years, with the gradual expansion of China's overall debt scale, the total debt of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in Dalian is also growing. The appropriate debt of enterprises is conducive to improving the efficiency of capital use, promoting the renewal and R & D of products and the transformation and upgrading of industries. However, excessive leverage will bring greater financial risks. Both high liabilities are solidified into productivity traps such as production equipment and zombie enterprises with low added value or even backward production capacity, which has become one of the main obstacles to the transformation and upgrading of large and medium-sized enterprises. In this context, deleveraging and risk prevention have become an urgent problem to be solved in Dalian's economic development.