Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus Edodes Research Articles

Expression and Antitumor Function of Latcripin-4 RCC1 and ANK Domain Protein on HepG2 from the Shiitake Medicinal Mushroom, Lentinus edodes C91-3 (Agaricomycetes), Transcriptome.

The recombinant protein of Latcripin-4 regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1) and ankyrin (ANK) domains were expressed and the antitumor activity of Latcripin-4 on HepG2 cells was studied. First, the Latcripin-4 transcript was selected from the medicinal mushroom Lentinus edodes C91-3 transcriptome by bioinformatics. Then the full-length gene of Latcripin-4 was isolated with 3'-full rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and 5'-full RACE methods according to the transcriptome. The RCC1 and ANK domains from the full-length gene were selected and inserted into the expression vector pET-32a (+) and expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta-gami (DE3). Western blotting indicated that the protein was expressed successfully. The biological function of Latcripin-4 RCC1 and ANK domain protein on HepG2 cells was studied with the CCK-8 assay. All results demonstrated that Latcripin-4 RCC1 and ANK domain protein can inhibit the growth of human HepG2 liver cancer cells, which brings new insights to identifying antitumor proteins from medicinal food for cancer therapy.

Brown Mycelial Mat as an Essential Morphological Structure of the Shiitake Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Agaricomycetes).

We show here, to our knowledge for the first time, that the brown mycelial mat of the xylotrophic shiitake medicinal mushroom, Lentinus edodes, not only performs a protective function owing to significant changes in the ultrastructure (thickening of the cell wall, increased density, and pigmentation of the fungal hyphae) but also is a metabolically active stage in the development of the mushroom. The cells of this morphological structure exhibit repeated activation of expression of the genes lcc4, tir, exp1, chi, and exg1, coding for laccase, tyrosinase, a specific transcription factor, chitinase, and glucanase, which are required for fungal growth and morphogenesis. This study revealed the maximum activity of functionally important proteins with phenol oxidase and lectin activities, and the emergence of additional laccases, tyrosinases, and lectins, which are typical of only this stage of morphogenesis and have a regulatory function in the development and formation of fruiting bodies.

Effect of Tree Species on Enzyme Secretion by the Shiitake Medicinal Mushroom, Lentinus edodes (Agaricomycetes).

We compared cold and hot wood extracts of 3 endemic Siberian trees-namely, Prunus padus (bird cherry), Populus tremula (aspen), and Betula sp. (birch)-on biomass production and laccase and peroxidase secretion in submerged cultures by the medicinal mushroom Lentinus edodes. Of the conditions tested, only hot Prunus extracts stimulated biomass production, whereas all extracts stimulated laccase and peroxidase secretion, albeit to different extents. A large, differential stimulation of manganese peroxidase was observed by hot Prunus extracts. The results highlight important differences between tree species in the stimulation of biomass and enzyme production by L. edodes and point to potentially interesting stimulatory factors present in hot Prunus extracts. These findings are of relevance in the use of L. edodes for medicinal or biotechnological applications.

Optimization of the Production of Extracellular Polysaccharide from the Shiitake Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Agaricomycetes) Using Mutation and a Genetic Algorithm-Coupled Artificial Neural Network (GA-ANN).

Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production by a strain of Lentinus edodes was studied via the effects of treatments with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and acridine orange. Furthermore, optimization of EPS production was studied using a genetic algorithm coupled with an artificial neural network in submerged fermentation. Exposure to irradiation and acridine orange resulted in improved EPS production (2.783 and 5.548 g/L, respectively) when compared with the wild strain (1.044 g/L), whereas optimization led to improved productivity (23.21 g/L). The EPS produced by various strains also demonstrated good DPPH scavenging activities of 45.40-88.90%, and also inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study shows that multistep optimization schemes involving physical-chemical mutation and media optimization can be an attractive strategy for improving the yield of bioactives from medicinal mushrooms. To the best of our knowledge, this report presents the first reference of a multistep approach to optimizing EPS production in L. edodes.

Antiprotozoal Activity and Mitogenic Effect of Mycelium of Culinary-Medicinal Shiitake Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer (Agaricomycetideae)

Antiprotozoal activity (APA) and mitogenic effect (MGE) of stationary cultivated mycelium of the medicinal mushroom Lentinus edodes (Shiitake) were investigated. The different amounts of cultural filtrate (CF) and different concentrations of dry ethanol mycelial extract (ME) obtained on the 25th and 28th days of cultivation were used. The fungal samples were tested in vitro against unicellular protozoan, Paramecium caudatum. Mycelium of L. edodes possesses strong APA and MGE. The tested CF samples showed only APA, whereas ME samples revealed both APA and significant MGE activities. The dose/effect correlation between tested mycelial samples and their activities was noted. The APA was observed at high amounts, while the MGE appeared in lower concentrations. The APA of CF was significantly higher than the APA of ME. The mitotic division of P. caudatum was stimulated by 1.7−2.5 times at low concentrations of ME. The highest APA (during 5 minutes) and intensive MGE (after 2 hours) were observed when 0.09 mL of undiluted CF and 0.03 mL of 0.01% of ME, obtained from 28-day-old mycelium, were used. Nevertheless, no significant differences were found between APA and MGE levels of CF and ME obtained on the 25th and 28th days of mycelial cultivation. The mycelium of L. edodes may be recommended for formulation of antiprotozoal and mitogenic (wound healing and other regenerative) biopreparations.

A Case for Caution in Assessing the Antibiotic Activity of Extracts of Culinary-Medicinal Shiitake Mushroom [Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer] (Agaricomycetideae)

Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was detected when edible and medicinal mushroom Lentinus edodes was grown in malt extract broth. The broth was subjected to anion-exchange chromatography. A solution of the dried eluate from the anion-exchange column showed a peak in the same position as pure oxalic aid when subjected to ion-pair chromatography. Treatment of pure oxalic acid and the dried eluate with diazomethane, followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, gave several peaks, but a peak at retention time 4.8 min showed all the characteristics of dimethyl oxalate. It was concluded that oxalic acid was one agent responsible for the antimicrobial effect and oxalic acid was shown to exert such an effect against several other organisms.

Neurotropic Effect of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Extracts on the Neurons of Hippocampal Slices in Rats

Neurotropic Effect of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Extracts on the Neurons of Hippocampal Slices in Rats

Dietary Supplements with Curative and Prophylactic Properties Made from the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Biomass

Dietary Supplements with Curative and Prophylactic Properties Made from the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Biomass

The Antibiotic Activity of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.

The Antibiotic Activity of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.

Neurotropic Effect of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Extracts on Hippocampal Slices in Rats

Neurotropic Effect of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Extracts on Hippocampal Slices in Rats

Physiology and Biochemical Aspects of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Strains Growing on Grape Pomace Extract

Physiology and Biochemical Aspects of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Strains Growing on Grape Pomace Extract

Immunological Studies of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.

Immunological Studies of the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.