To determine whether interventional radiology (IR) evaluation and management (E&M) charges have increased and to compare with charges from vascular surgery (VS) E&M claims were compared for IR and vascular surgery (VS) using the Medicare Physician Supplier Procedure Summary Master Files 2010 to 2018. IR and VS were identified by specialty codes. E&M was defined by relevant CPT codes. The number of E&M claims per year per 100,000 Medicare beneficiaries and E&M as a percentage of all Medicare charges were compared for each specialty using linear regression modeling. Subgroup analysis by practice setting (inpatient vs. outpatient) and patient type (new vs. established patient) was performed for IR. Between 2010 and 2018, IR E&M encounters increased from 177 to 412 claims per 100,000 beneficiaries (+133%, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.94). VS E&M encounters increased from 4954 claims per 100,000 beneficiaries to 5373 claims per 100,000 beneficiaries (+8%, P = 0.005, R2 = 0.71). E&M accounted for 1.9% of IR Medicare revenue in 2010 and increased to 2.7% in 2018 (40% relative increase). E&M declined from 7.6% of VS Medicare revenue in 2010 to 5.1% in 2018 (33% relative decrease). For IR, E&M growth was higher for outpatients (+178%) vs. inpatients (+25%) and established patients (+138%) vs. new patients (+122%). Driven primarily by outpatient and established patient encounters, IR E&M claims more than doubled between 2010 and 2018, implying that more IRs are embracing a longitudinal care model that involves pre- and post-procedure outpatient evaluations. Although IR E&M revenue was lower than VS, the rate of increase in E&M revenue was much greater for IR than VS.