Medical Rehabilitation Of Children Research Articles

Innovative technology «Plantar Support Load Simulator (Corvit)» in medical rehabilitation of children with flat foot

For the first time, the possibility of using the innovative technology «Plantar Support Load Simulator (Corvit)» in the medical rehabilitation of children with flat feet has been scientifically substantiated. Purpose. Scientific rationale for the use of innovative technology «Plantar Support Load Simulator (Corvit)» for flat feet in children. Materials and Methods. The clinical study included 30 children with flat feet aged 7 to 17 years. The study group consisted of 15 children who were treated with the plantar support load simulator «Corvit»; the comparison group (15 children) had no exposure to the plantar support load simulator «Corvit». The children of groups 1 and 2 received a standard complex of therapeutic exercises for flat feet in children. To determine the effectiveness of using support stimulation with the plantar support load simulator «Corvit», we carried out the assessment of orthopedic status, subjective determination of the severity of pain syndrome according to the VAS, determination of the functional state of the feet in statics and dynamics (DIERS pedoscan of the DIERS formetric 4D system), and the assessment of the state of microcirculation in the foot area using laser Doppler flowmetry. Results and discussion. The conducted prospective open randomized comparative study allowed us to establish relief of pain during physical activity in the area of the legs and feet and the reduction of fatigue in most children under the influence of mechanical stimulation of support zones. According to the assessment of the orthopedic status by the DIERS pedoscan of the DIERS formetric 4D system, an improvement in the support, spring, and balancing functions of the feet was revealed, characterized by an improvement in podometry and stabilometry indicators. An improvement in the state of microcirculation has been proven according to laser Doppler flowmetry in the form of an improvement in perfusion and regulatory mechanisms of the microcirculatory bloodstream. A significantly more pronounced therapeutic effectiveness of medical rehabilitation of children using the plantar support load simulator «Corvit» for flat feet in children (86.7 %), in relation to the comparison group (53.3 %), p < 0.05, was established.

Conductive cryotherapy in medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation

Relevance. Medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation is one of the urgent and socially significant problems in modern pediatrics due to the high prevalence of the disease and the possibility of developing complications in the form of encopresis, rectal fissures, and paraproctitis. Currently,one of the promising areas of modern physiotherapy is the development of methods for the combined use of physical factors in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment. The article discusses the scientific basis and efficacy of the combined effects of conductive cryotherapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in children with chronic constipation. Purpose: scientific substantiation of the use of conductive cryotherapy and its combined effects with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic constipation in children. Material and methods. Clinical and functional studies were carried out in 120 children aged 3 to 15 years. The functional state of the colon before and after treatment was assessed using ballonography and anorectal profilometry. Results. It has been established that the use of the combined effects of conductive cryotherapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, i.e. cryoelectrical nerve stimulation, increases the effectiveness of treatment of children with chronic constipation compared to patients who received separate exposure to each of the physical factors, which was confirmed by indicators of the functional state of the colon (ballonography, anorectal profilometry). The obtained results allow substantiating the possibility and necessity of recommending methods of conductive cryotherapy and cryoelectrical nerve stimulation in the medical rehabilitation program for children with chronic constipation.

Application of high-intensity pulsed magnetotherapy in the medical rehabilitation of children with degree scoliose (methodological recommendations)

In the medical rehabilitation of children with scoliosis, a fairly wide range of physiotherapy technologies (sinusoidal modulated currents, interference currents, laser therapy, combined use of hypobarotherapy and electrical muscle stimulation, low-intensity magnetic therapy, biofeedback therapy) are used. At the same time, the search for the most effective methods of physiotherapy aimed at stimulating muscle tone, local blood circulation and metabolic and trophic processes in bone and muscle tissues continues. One of the promising methods is high-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy (HIMT), which is a therapeutic effect of a pulsed magnetic field (PMF) with a pulse repetition rate of about 0.5 Hz, a duration not exceeding several milliseconds and an amplitude reaching 1500 mT or more on the working surface of the inductor. The guidelines substantiate the use of this method in the medical rehabilitation of children with scoliosis of the II degree on the basis of the revealed favorable effect of a high-intensity pulsed magnetic field on the dynamics of the orthopedic status, strength endurance of the trunk muscles, cardio-respiratory parameters and microcirculation in children with scoliosis of the II degree. The effectiveness, necessity and expediency of including high-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy in the program of medical rehabilitation of children with II degree scoliosis has been proved. The methodological recommendations are addressed to traumatologists — orthopedists, physiotherapists, physical therapy doctors, physical and rehabilitation medicine doctors, reflexologists, pediatricians, and other specialists of medical organizations.

Dry carbon dioxide bath in medical rehabilitation of children with various diseases

The article presents the main aspects of using dry carbon dioxide baths in the medical rehabilitation of children with various diseases. The main aspects of the formation of the mechanism of the therapeutic effect in bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, dysautonomia, and other diseases are presented.The inclusion of dry carbon dioxide bath in the complex of rehabilitation measures in children with bronchial asthma helps to reduce the intensity of allergic inflammation and bronchial obstruction, as well as the frequency of exacerbations of the disease and the drug load. In patients with atopic dermatitis, there was a decrease in the main clinical symptoms of the disease and an improvement in the psycho-emotional state under the influence of dry carbon dioxide bath. With the dysautonomia syndrome, after a course of dry carbon dioxide baths, a favorable restructuring of autonomic regulation is observed, aimed at reducing tension in the sympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system. In children who often suffer from acute respiratory diseases, the course use of dry carbon dioxide baths contributes to the regression of clinical symptoms of acute respiratory infections, improves mucosal immunity, and reduces the frequency of recurrent infections throughout the year.

Aктуальные проблемы и пути решения обеспечения успешной социально-медицинской реабилитации детей-инвалидов

The article reveals the significance of socio-medical rehabilitation of children with disabilities, given data on the existing number of children with disabilities in Russia at the present stage. An analysis of the results of a questionnaire survey of parents of disabled children was performed, aimed at identifying the problems of ensuring successful social and medical rehabilitation of children with disabilities. Particular attention is paid to measures aimed at improving the social and medical rehabilitation of children with disabilities. The purpose of the study was to develop proposals for ensuring the successful social and medical rehabilitation of children with disabilities and social support for families with disabilities. Results and its discussion. In the process of analyzing the results of the questionnaire survey of parents of children with disabilities, the main problems of ensuring the successful social and medical rehabilitation of children with disabilities were identified, primarily with the available problems of their physical and mental health, which complicate the socialization and functioning of such children in A society, as well as the existing problem of the lack of specialists and the insufficient level of knowledge of parents of children with disabilities about the need to implement measures that contribute to improving the quality of life of a child, taking into account his psycho-emotional and physical characteristics. Conclusions. Based on the identified problems and criteria, practical recommendations have been developed aimed at improving the social and medical rehabilitation of children with disabilities.

The high-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy in the medical rehabilitation of children. (Literature review)

In recent decades, a promising area of physiotherapy has been intensively developed In Russia and abroad - magnetic therapy, based on the use of various types of magnetic fields for preventive, curative and rehabilitative purposes. The use of high-intensity pulsed magnetotherapy is promising. The effectiveness of the method in a number of diseases of childhood, which has an active stimulating effect on the state of the neuromuscular apparatus, has been proven.

The application of physical factors in the medical rehabilitation of children with osteochondropathy of the spine. Literature review

One of the most urgent and socially significant problems of modern medicine is the widespread occurrence of orthopedic pathology, among which the leading place is occupied by diseases of the spine, accompanied by a steady increase in pain vertebrogenic syndromes that affect the functioning of the child's body as a whole. The prevalence of this nosological form in children, according to various population studies, ranges from 0.42 to 37%. ScheuermannMau disease (Scheuermanns kyphosis) is the most common osteochondropathy in children and adolescents and ranges from 0.48.3% of the pediatric population.
 To date, the etiology of osteochondropathy of the spine is still unclear.
 Medical rehabilitation of children with osteochondropathy of the spine is aimed at preventing further progression of deformity, normalizing posture, the functions of the cardio-respiratory system and includes: rational motor mode and nutrition, conservative orthopedic measures (corsetting), kinesiotherapy, hydrocolonotherapy, massage, positional treatment, restorative and hardening procedures, physiotherapy (electrical muscle stimulation), sports (skiing, swimming).
 An important place in the review is given to the description of the stages of medical rehabilitation of children and adolescents with dorsalgia on the background of spinal osteochondropathy who underwent surgical treatment.

Sound stimulation in medical rehabilitation of children with megaureter

This article discusses the issues of medical rehabilitation of children with megaureter. Objective of the study: scientific substantiation of the use of sound stimulation in the medical rehabilitation of children with megaureter. Materials and research methods: clinical observations and special studies were carried out in dynamics in 40 children, aged 1 to 7 years, with megaureter after ureteral surgery. Of these, 20 children made up the main group (received sound stimulation) and 20 children — the comparison group (without physiotherapy). Based on the studies carried out, the inclusion of sound stimulation in medical rehabilitation of children with megaureter has been scientifically substantiated. The inclusion of sound stimulation in the medical rehabilitation program for children with megaureter contributed to a decrease in the activity of inflammation in the renal parenchyma. Medical rehabilitation with the inclusion of physiotherapy technologies had a beneficial effect on the urodynamics of the urinary tract and renal blood flow. The effectiveness of medical rehabilitation with the inclusion of sound stimulation accounted for 80.0%, while in the comparison group (without physiotherapy), it was 60.0%.

Kinesitherapy methods in the medical rehabilitation of children with perinatal lesion of the central nervous system

Nowadays the leading place in the structure of diseases of children in the perinatal period, is occupied by the perinatal lesion of the central nervous system. Special attention should be paid to the issue of minimal use of medicines in children with perinatal pathology, which is why one of the main tasks of medical rehabilitation is still the development and scientific justification of new methods of kinesitherapy.
 To study the results of research conducted by Russian and foreign authors on the issues of physical rehabilitation of children with perinatal damage to the central nervous system and to conduct an analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed technologies. The literature review for this article was conducted from the eLibrary, PubMed, Cochrane Library databases with a search depth of 10 years. The selection of publications was carried out using keywords: non-drug technologies; perinatal damage to the central nervous system; perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; kinesotherapy; neurodevelopmental therapy; massage, thin finger training method; dry immersion; fitball gymnastics; V. Voit therapy; Bobat therapy.
 It is shown that the motor development of a child in the first year of life is the most important criterion in the formation of further processes of structural and functional maturation of the nervous system. Medical rehabilitation of children with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system is aimed at improving blood supply and metabolic processes in brain tissue, stimulation of neuromuscular conduction and normalization of central and peripheral regulation of muscle tone.
 Currently, the issues of substantiating the use of various physical factors in the medical rehabilitation of children with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine remain relevant.

Physical factors in the medical rehabilitation of children with atopic dermatitis

The results of numerous studies allow us to conclude that atopic dermatitis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases in children. Most often, atopic dermatitis debuts at an early age and its prevalence in the child population can reach 1030%. Scientific forecasts, as well as data from various researchers, indicate not only a significant increase in the number of patients, but also a worsening of the course of atopic dermatitis, which causes a high medical and social significance of the problem of this disease. The main manifestations of the disease are itching, typical morphology and localization of skin rashes, dry skin, chronic recurrent course. Also, atopic dermatitis is a very serious chronic disease that can be emotionally difficult for patients and their family members. Emotional factors often increase the manifestations of the disease. With the appearance in recent years of modern active and effective, but sufficiently safe corticosteroid drugs approved for use in children, real progress has been noted in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. However, the use of elimination measures and diets, the exclusion of food allergens, taking antihistamines, local and systemic pharmacotherapy does not always allow to stop inflammation and achieve long-term remission. Non-drug methods of treatment of atopic dermatitis have recently been given great importance due to the high frequency of undesirable effects when using medications. The main objectives of physiotherapy for atopic dermatitis are: normalization of the central and autonomic nervous system, hyposensitization, soothing, antitoxic, anti-inflammatory, resorbing, trophic, antipruritic and restorative.

Vojta Therapy in Medical Rehabilitation of Children with Consequences of Perinatal Central Nervous System Affections

INTRODUCTION. According to the Federal Statistical Observation of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, perinatal Central Nervous System affections are one of the leading causes of childhood disability. The development and scientific substantiation of new non-drug technologies for medical rehabilitation of children with perinatal lesions of the Central Nervous System remains the main task. A promising technique is Vojta-therapy, a method based on the activation of motor reflexes due to irritation of certain areas on the child’s body. AIM. Scientific substantiation of the use of Vojta therapy in the medical rehabilitation of children with the consequences of perinatal Central Nervous System affections. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Clinical observations were performed in 110 children with perinatal Central Nervous System affections between the ages of 2 and 12 months. The comparison groups were formed depending on the nature of kinesiotherapy: the study group (n=55) – children who received Vojta therapy; the comparison group (n=55) – children who did not receive Vojta-therapy. We used clinical and neurological examination, INFANIB score, and SPSS 23.0 statistical analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Analysis of the clinical and neurological examination data after Vojta therapy revealed a statistically significant increase in the overall motor activity of children. When the method was included in the rehabilitation of patients under the age of 4 months, the number of children with delayed reflex extinction decreased, at the age of 4-8 months, the appearance of coups and crawling was recorded, at the age of 8 months, the walking skill was formed in a timely manner. By the adjusted age of 1 year, patients receiving Vojta therapy were diagnosed with cerebral palsy 2 times less often than in the comparison group. CONCLUSION. The inclusion of Vojta therapy in the program of medical rehabilitation of children with the consequences of perinatal Central Nervous System affections contributed to the reduction of pathological motor activity, improvement of muscle tone and the formation of age-related skills. The use of Vojta therapy in children with the consequences of perinatal Central Nervous System affections up to 8 months determined a more pronounced increase in the grade score on the INFANIB scale and helped to reduce the frequency of cerebral palsy formation by 2 times.

Meteopathic Reactions and Their Prevention in Children with Bronchial Asthma in the Moscow Region: а Prospective Cohort Study of Patients with High Meteosensitivity

INTRODUCTION. The prevention, treatment and medical rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma is an urgent public health issue due to the increasing prevalence of the disease and its more severe course. According to the literature, most children with bronchial asthma have increased meteosensitivity, i.e. reduced resistance of the body to changing meteorological conditions, which is usually accompanied by the development of pathological meteotropic (meteopathic) reactions. Meteoprophylaxis using the method of interval hypoxic training contributes to reduction of frequency and severity of meteopathic reactions, improvement of functional state of respiratory system and psychological status. The positive effect of normobaric hypoxic therapy on clinical and functional parameters in children, including those with bronchial asthma, is known. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We examined 80 children with increased meteosensitivity, the study group consisted of 40 children who received normobaric hypoxic therapy, the comparison group consisted of 40 children who did not receive normobaric hypoxic therapy. The effect of normobaric hypoxic therapy on the clinical course of bronchial asthma, external respiratory function parameters (computerized flowmetry), psychoemotional status was studied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The beneficial effect of normobaric hypoxic therapy on the clinical course (reduction of dry paroxysmal cough, dry wheezing) was revealed. There was a statistically significant increase in the indexes of external respiration function (peak expiratory velocity, MOS75 (p<0.05)). Psychological testing revealed decreased irritability, emotional lability, decreased anxiety, normalization of activity level, increased efficiency in children under the influence of normobaric hypoxic therapy. The manifestations of meteorological stability decreased in most children, the severity structure of weather-related exacerbations changed: reactions of moderate severity decreased, severe manifestations of meteorological pathology practically disappeared. CONCLUSION. On the basis of the conducted research, we determined seasonal patterns in the formation of biotropic weather conditions in the Moscow metropolis, which are a risk factor in the development of weather-related exacerbations and manifestations of increased meteosensitivity in children with bronchial asthma as well as the frequency of formation of increased meteolability in such patients. We also detected the effectiveness of normobaric hypoxic therapy as a method of preventing meteopathic reactions in children with bronchial asthma.

СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ДЕТСКОЙ КУРОРТОЛОГИИ И ФИЗИОТЕРАПИИ

One of the most important directions for the development of pediatric balneology is to improve the sanatorium-resort treatment of children. The Government of Russia has adopted the Decree No. 2581-r dated Nov. 26, 2018 on the strategic development of the Russian sanatorium-resort facilities with the purposes as follows: increasing the availability of sanatorium-resort treatment; development of health-improving areas and resorts; the effective use of natural therapeutic resources; improvement of the material and technical base of sanatorium-resort organizations. The article highlights the main tasks to achieving the abovementioned goals, which in its turn are aimed to developing a modern regulatory framework for the sanatorium-resort organizations, increasing the availability and supply of sanatorium-resort treatment for children, including disabled children, developing medical rehabilitation in sanatorium-resort organizations, using of balneology scientific achievements in the sanatorium-resort facilities; modern methodological and scientific support for sanatorium-resort business, improvement of training of specialists in the field of pediatric balneology and ways of solving the tasks. The contemporary network of pediatric sanatorium-resort institutions is presented, which includes 491 pediatric sanatorium-resort organizations (28 % of the total number of sanatorium and resort organizations). The paper describes the main achievements of pediatric physiotherapy (PT) in recent years, a wide range of innovation technologies in PT (electrical treatment, light therapy, magnetotherapy, balneotherapy, peloid therapy, cryotherapy, etc.) for the prophylaxis, treatment and medical rehabilitation of children with various diseases. Promising directions for further development of balneology and PT in pediatrics have been identified.

New opportunities of halotherapy in the prevention and medical rehabilitation of children

The article is devoted to new possibilities of using halotherapy in the prevention, treatment and medical rehabilitation of children. In recent years, active work has been carried out to develop new effective methods of reproducing the aerodispersed medium in the form of haloingalation therapy or by group method — in the conditions of a halochamber. The therapeutic effect of halotherapy is determined by the biophysical properties of a dry highly dispersed aerosol of sodium chloride. The paper presents the biophysical properties of the main active factor of halotherapy, i.e. a dry highly dispersed aerosol of sodium chloride, and reveals some aspects of the formation of the mechanism of therapeutic action. The anti-inflammatory, draining, mucolytic, immunomodulatory, sanogenetic effect of haloaerosol is shown. In pediatric practice, haloaerosol therapy is used for medical rehabilitation of children with respiratory diseases (bronchial asthma, bronchitis), ENT pathology (rhinosinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis), skin diseases. Halotherapy is the method of choice in the prevention of acute respiratory diseases and improving the health of children in general education institutions. The high efficiency of the complex application of halotherapy in various diseases in children has been established. A promising direction for the development of halotherapy is the development of combined exposure technologies. The high efficiency of the use of haloingalation therapy in combination with magnetic therapy in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis in children has been proven. Based on the conducted studies, a favorable effect of the use of halotherapy and flutter therapy on clinical and functional parameters in children with bronchial asthma was revealed. The data on the possibility of combined use of halotherapy with a pulsed low-frequency electrostatic field in the medical rehabilitation of children suffering from bronchial asthma are presented. Simplicity, safety, the possibility of personalization of exposure and good tolerability by children expands the possibilities for using halotherapy in pediatric practice.

Physical factors in medical rehabilitation of children with spinal osteochondropathies

The article is devoted to a targeted search of scientific literature sources aimed at compiling a review of data on the use of physiotherapy methods in the medical rehabilitation of children with spinal osteochondropathy. One of the most urgent and socially significant issues of modern medicine is the widespread prevalence of orthopedic pathology, among which the leading positions are taken by diseases of the spine. Recently, in the population of children and adolescents, there has been a steady increase in pain syndromes of a vertebrogenic nature, leading to impaired physical functioning. According to various population studies, the prevalence of this nosological form ranges from 0.42 to 37% among the child population. The prevalence of Scheuermann — Mau disease in the general population of children and adolescents ranges from 0.4–8.3%. This pathology is the most common among all children osteochondropathies. To date, the etiology of spinal osteochondropathy is still unclear. Due to the asymptomatic course, the disease is not always diagnosed in the early stages of development, which creates certain difficulties in diagnosing and prescribing an effective treatment for the disease. Medical rehabilitation of children with osteochondropathy of the spine is aimed at preventing further progression of deformity, improving posture, respiratory function and cardiovascular system and includes: a rational exercise regime and nutrition, bracing and cold water treatment procedures, conservative orthopedic measures (wearing a corset, staying in a plaster bed), active correction of deformity (kinesiotherapy), hydrokinetic therapy, massage, passive correction of deformity (treatment by position), physiotherapy (electrical muscle stimulation), sports (skiing, swimming).

Modern physiotherapy technologies in medical rehabilitation of children with megaureter with concomitant neurogenic bladder dysfunction

This article discusses the issues of medical rehabilitation of children with megaureter with concomitant neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Objective of the study: scientific substantiation of the use of selective chromotherapy in medical rehabilitation of children with megaureter with concomitant neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Materials and research methods: clinical observations and special studies were carried out in dynamics in 40 children, aged 1 to 7, with megaureter after ureteral surgery. Of these, 20 children made up the main group (received selective chromotherapy, blue spectrum); 20 children — the control group (without physiotherapy). Based on the studies carried out, a beneficial effect of medical rehabilitation with the inclusion of selective chromotherapy in children with megaureter and concomitant neurogenic bladder dysfunction was revealed. The inclusion of selective chromotherapy in the program of medical rehabilitation of children with megaureter contributed to a decrease in the activity of inflammation in the renal parenchyma (decrease in proteinuria, leukocyturia). Selective chromotherapy had a positive effect on the urodynamics of the lower urinary tract (reduction in the number of urgent urges and episodes of urinary incontinence, decreased frequency of urination, improved uroflowmetry indicators). The effectiveness of medical rehabilitation with the inclusion of selective chromotherapy was 80.0 %, while in the control group — 40.0 %.

Combined application of low-energy laser radiation and infrared radiation in medical rehabilitation of children with chronic tonzillitis

Combined application of low-energy laser radiation and infrared radiation in medical rehabilitation of children with chronic tonzillitis

Medical Rehabilitation of Children after a New Coronavirus Infection COVID-19

The article is about medical rehabilitation of children who have suffered from the coronavirus infection COVID-19, which is an acute infectious disease caused by a new strain of the coronavirus SARS CoV-2. The authors present current information about epidemiology and clinical course of this disease in children. It is known that complications and adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in children are observed much less frequently than in adults. At the same time, the clinical experience of monitoring children who have had a new coronavirus infection showed that all patients need medical rehabilitation, including those who had the disease in asymptomatic or mild form. Data on the possibility of functional disorders not only in the respiratory organs but also in other systems of the body determines the necessity of stage-by-stage medical rehabilitation of these children. The article defines the main principles and stages of their rehabilitation, proves the necessity of indications for different stages. Medical rehabilitation of children after a new coronavirus infection at all stages is provided by specialists of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team which includes a pediatrician, a physiotherapist, an exercise therapist, a medical rehabilitation doctor, a reflexologist, a medical psychologist, a speech therapist, an instructor-methodologist, etc. This article presents a wide range of modern techniques of apparatus physiotherapy and kinesotherapy indicated for children who have undergone COVID-19, with the description of the main therapeutic effects and the mechanism of therapeutic action of physical factors. Psychological rehabilitation is of great importance in the complex of rehabilitation measures for children with COVID-19. Special attention is paid to the issues of sanatorium-resort treatment of children after a new coronavirus infection. The spectrum of nonmedicamentous technologies for inclusion in the individual program of sanatorium-resort treatment of such patients with the use of natural healing resources (mineral waters, therapeutic mud, therapeutic climate, other natural conditions used for treatment and prevention of diseases); nonmedicamentous therapy, therapeutic exercises, massage, physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, reflexotherapy, psychotherapy is determined. The article presents criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures.

Physical Factors in the Medical Rehabilitation of Children with Spinal Osteochondropathies

Aim. To conduct a targeted search for scientific literature sources aimed at compiling a review of data on the use of physical factors inthe medical rehabilitation of children suffering from spinal osteochondropathies.One of the most urgent and socially significant problems of modern medicine is the wide prevalence of orthopedic pathology, amongwhich the leading positions are occupied by diseases of the spine. In the population of children and adolescents, there has been arecent steady increase in pain syndromes of a vertebrogenic nature, leading to a violation of physical functioning. According to variouspopulation studies, the prevalence of this nosological form among the child population ranges from 0.42 to 37%. The prevalenceof Sheyerman-Mau disease in the general population of children and adolescents ranges from 0.4-8.3%. This pathology is the mostcommon among all osteochondropathies of childhood. To date, the etiology of spinal osteochondropathy is still unclear. Due to theasymptomatic course, the disease is not always diagnosed at the early stages of development which creates certain difficulties indiagnosing and prescribing effective treatment of the disease. Medical rehabilitation of children with spinal osteochondropathies isaimed at preventing further progression of deformity, improving posture, respiratory function and cardiovascular system and includes:rational motor mode and nutrition, general strengthening and hardening procedures, conservative orthopedic measures (wearing acorset, staying in a plaster bed), active correction of deformity (kinesotherapy), hydrokinesotherapy, massage, passive correction ofdeformity (treatment with position), physiotherapy (electrical muscle stimulation), sports (skiing, swimming). A special place in thereview is given to the presentation of the stages of medical rehabilitation of children with dorsalgia and adolescents who have undergonesurgical treatment for spinal osteochondropathies. Conclusion. When prescribing a personalized program of medical rehabilitation for children suffering from spinal osteochondropathies,the maximum positive dynamics of the course of the disease is achieved, which leads to an improvement in the quality of lifeand a decrease in disability among the children’s population. The developed programs of medical rehabilitation of children will reducethe socio-economic losses from vertebrogenic pathology and will contribute to strengthening the health of the younger generationsof Russia.

Modern Physical Rehabilitation Technologies for Children with Perinatal Lesions of the Central Nervous System

The subject of this publication is the medical rehabilitation of children with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system. Currently, the main methodological principles of stage-by-stage medical rehabilitation of newborns, mainly children with the consequencesof perinatal damage to the nervous system, have been determined. Special attention should be paid to the issue of minimal use of medicines in children with perinatal pathology, in this regard, an importanttask is the development and scientific justification of new non-drug technologies of medical rehabilitation, especially in childrenunder 1 year. Medical rehabilitation sets itself the following tasks: stimulation of blood circulation in the brain tissues, improvement of muscle toneby affecting the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, activation of neuromuscular transmission processes andimprovement of psychomotor development of a child with perinatal pathology of the central nervous system. Medical rehabilitationof children with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system begins at the earliest possible time and is carried out by specialists ofa multidisciplinary rehabilitation team based on an individual medical rehabilitation program. Aim. To study the results of research conducted by Russian and foreign authors on the issues of physical rehabilitation of children withperinatal damage to the central nervous system and to conduct an analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed technologies. Material and methods. The literature review for this article was conducted from the elibrary, PubMed, Cochrane Library databaseswith a search depth of 10 years. The selection of publications was carried out using keywords: non-drug technologies, perinatal damageto the central nervous system; perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, kinesotherapy, neurodevelopmental therapy, massage,thin finger training method, dry immersion, fitball gymnastics, V. Voit therapy; Bobat therapy. Conclusion. Currently, a wide range of non-drug technologies of medical rehabilitation of children with the consequences of perinataldamage to the central nervous system is used such as therapeutic gymnastics, massage, kinesiotherapy with a neuroreflex locomotionaccording to Vojta’s method, Bobath-therapy, massage, etc. The analysis of publications has shown that kinesotherapy and massagein in the complex of rehabilitation measures for children with perinatal lesions allows to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitationmeasures, reduce the severity of motor disorders, and can help reduce the frequency of formation of cerebral palsy.