Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Research Articles

Psychometric Evaluation of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey in Brazilian Older People Psychometric Evaluation of MOS-SSS.

To evaluate the psychometric properties of different factorial models of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) and screen the frequency of social support in older Brazilians. Methodological study. Five factorial models of the MOS-SSS were tested for their validity and reliability using three Brazilian samples from different locations in the country. The factorial invariance was assessed across locations using multigroup analysis. The global average score was calculated. A total of 1574 older people participated in the study. For all models, there was adequate factorial and convergent validity and good reliability; the discriminant validity was not achieved. Therefore, a second-order hierarchical model was proposed and showed validity, reliability and invariance across samples. In the three Brazilian samples, participants presented high frequency of social support. A second-order hierarchical model was fitted the Brazilian samples, allowing the calculation of the global score of social support, which was high among the participants. The MOS-SSS assesses social support levels among older individuals in community or clinical settings. Nurses can tailor interventions based on scale outcomes for personalised care for older people.

Effects of Social Determinants of Health and Social Support on Surgical Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy.

To describe composite 30-day postoperative complication rates among patients undergoing hysterectomy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to determine baseline and postoperative mental health symptoms, levels of social support, and socioeconomic status and their association with hysterectomy outcomes. This multicenter prospective cohort study at eight centers across the United States enrolled patients who underwent minimally invasive hysterectomy for benign indications during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients completed preoperative and postoperative surveys assessing mental health (PHQ-9 [Patient Health Questionnaire]), social support (MOS-SS [Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey]), and socioeconomic status (Hollingshead Index [Hollingshead Four Factor Index of Socioeconomic Status]). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rates and 30-day composite complication rates were measured and categorized by Clavien-Dindo Grade. Bivariate associations of survey data on complications were assessed. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of 30-day complications and complication severity. Postoperative complications within 30 days occurred in 67 of 273 (24.5%) patients. Most (88.1%) complications were mild, but eight (11.9%) experienced severe complications. Only three patients (1.1%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. There were no differences in complication rates when comparing race and ethnicity, age, or socioeconomic status. Survey responses that indicated more depression and worse support from preoperative to postoperative were seen in patients with severe complications (P=.008 and P=.09, respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that an increase in support scores was protective against severe complications (P=.02). Worsening depression scores were associated with more severe complications (P=.03). This study showed a high rate of complications (24.5%) among patients who underwent hysterectomy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lower social support and worse mental health status are associated with worse postoperative outcomes after hysterectomy.

Role of Social Support in Improving Quality of Life among Myanmar Women Migrant Workers in Central and Northern Thailand: Implications for Community Nursing

Background: Social support and quality of life (QoL) are crucial for the well-being of individuals. Myanmar women migrant workers in Thailand represent a vulnerable population, yet there are limited studies on social support and QoL among these migrants. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated associations between social support and QoL among Myanmar women migrant workers in central and northern Thailandthrough multistage sampling using a structured questionnaire. Social support was measured using the Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey, and QoL was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF. Multiple linear regression was analysed to find the association between social support and QoL, adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Results: Among 575 participants, they had an average overall social support score of 61.73 ± 16.47, with low support = 24.35%, moderate support = 46.43%, and high support = 29.22%. The average overall QoL score was 90.54 ± 13.23. Higher social support was positively associated with QoL (B = 4.781 for moderate support and B = 9.721 for high support, p < 0.01). Higher education and easier access to emergency finances were also positively associated with QoL. Conclusion: Tailored social support interventions are recommended to enhance QoL among Myanmar women migrant workers in Thailand. Community nurses play a critical role in these interventions by providing education, facilitating access to resources, and fostering supportive networks.

The association of perceived social support, resilience, and posttraumatic stress symptoms among coronavirus disease patients in the United States

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has become a main psychological consequence of COVID-19. This study assessed the association between social support, psychological resilience, and probable COVID-19-related PTSD. MethodsThe PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used to assess for PTSD symptoms, social support, and resilience among COVID-19 patients treated at a large medical system in New York City between July 2020 and July 2023. Logistic regression evaluated the association between social support and resilience with PTSD. We further investigated whether associations differed across age, gender, site of acute care, vaccination status, and pre-existing mental disorders. ResultsAmong the 1484 participants, 16.6 % had probable COVID-19-related PTSD. Higher scores on measures of resilience (OR: 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.61–0.75) and social support (OR: 0.96, 95 % CI: 0.93–0.99) were associated with lower odds of probable COVID-19-related PTSD. The association between resilience and PTSD was moderated by sex (p for interaction = 0.001), with resilience showing a stronger negative association with PTSD among men relative to women. Associations between resilience, social support, and COVID-19-related PTSD did not differ by age, sites of acute care, vaccination status, and pre-existing mental disorders. LimitationsCross-sectional design precludes establishing causal relationships; assessment timing was not considered; the short CD-RISC may limit measurement precision; single-center study may not be fully generalizable. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that individuals with low social support and resilience may be at higher risk of PTSD and should be screened and be the target of preventive interventions.

APPROACH e-PROM system: a user-centered development and evaluation of an electronic patient-reported outcomes measurement system for management of coronary artery disease

BackgroundCoronary artery disease (CAD) confers increased risks of premature mortality, non-fatal morbidity, and significant impairment in functional status and health-related quality of life. Routine administration of electronic patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and its real time delivery to care providers is known to have the potential to inform routine cardiac care and to improve quality of care and patient outcomes. This study describes a user-centered development and evaluation of the Alberta Provincial Project for Outcomes Assessment (APPROACH) electronic Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement (e-PROM) system. This e-PROM system is an electronic system for the administration of PROMs to patients with CAD and the delivery of the summarized information to their care providers to facilitate patient-physician communication and shared decision-making. This electronic platform was designed to be accessible via web-based and hand-held devices. Heuristic and user acceptance evaluation were conducted with patients and attending care providers.ResultsThe APPROACH e-PROM system was co-developed with patients and care providers, research investigators, informaticians and information technology experts. Five PROMs were selected for inclusion in the online platform after consultations with patient partners, care providers, and PROMs experts: the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire, EuroQOL, and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory. The heuristic evaluation was completed by four design experts who examined the usability of the prototype interfaces. User acceptance testing was completed with 13 patients and 10 cardiologists who evaluated prototype user interfaces of the e-PROM system.ConclusionBoth patients and physicians found the APPROACH e-PROM system to be easy to use, understandable, and acceptable. The APPROACH e-PROM system provides a user-informed electronic platform designed to incorporate PROMs into the delivery of individualized cardiac care for persons with CAD.

Initial psychometric properties of the medical outcomes study social support survey in caregivers of individuals with intellectual disabilities in Brazil

This study investigated the initial evidence of internal structure and convergent validity of the Brazilian version of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) in caregivers of individuals with intellectual disabilities. This study included 185 caregivers of individuals with disabilities who were users of a non-governmental organization in southeastern Brazil. We performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency reliability, and predictive validity analyses. Our results demonstrated a one-dimensional internal structure for the adapted scale, consisting of nineteen items and presenting good precision coefficients (α = 0.96 and ω = 0.96) and composite reliability (0.96). Also, the MOS-SSS showed convergent validity with the Family APGAR Scale and the family support and self-control factors of the Informal Caregiver Burden Assessment Questionnaire-Short Version. These findings suggest that the Brazilian version of the MOS-SSS has adequate psychometric properties and can be used in this context and population.

Trait Mindfulness and Social Support Predict Lower Perceived Stress Burden in Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy

Purpose/ObjectivesCancer diagnosis and treatment, including radiation therapy (RT), cause significant patient stress. Mindfulness and social support have been shown to help manage the psychological effects of cancer treatment. The objective of our study was to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with stress burden in patients undergoing RT. Materials/MethodsPatients undergoing RT for cancer at a single institution were given 3 surveys to complete at the beginning of on-treatment visit. The surveys included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS), and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), which were used to measure stress, social support, and trait mindfulness, respectively. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine associations between perceived stress and age, patient sex, race and ethnicity, treatment intent, disease site, trait mindfulness, and social support. Factors significant on univariable analysis were analyzed with a multivariable analysis. ResultsA total of 93 patients completed 279 surveys during treatment at a tertiary care academic institution from July to September 2019. Median scores for PSS, MOS, and MAAS were 14.6 (range: 0-31, SD: 6.9), 4.2 (range: 0-5, SD: 1.0), and 5.1 (range: 3.1-6.0, SD: 0.8), respectively. On univariable analysis, mindfulness and social support were associated with decreased stress burden, and female sex and palliative intent were associated with increased stress burden. These factors all maintained significance on multivariable analysis. ConclusionThese results suggest measures to improve mindfulness and perceived social support, such as mindfulness meditation and psychoeducational approaches, may lessen the stress burden and improve quality of life for patients undergoing RT. Future studies should analyze the longitudinal impact of individual patient characteristics, including patient sex and treatment intent, to better understand their effects on psychological maladjustment during cancer care

Sleep quality mediates the effect of medical social support on depression symptoms in patients with HIV/AIDS

ObjectivesThe purpose of our study is to further understanding of the depression symptoms of HIV/AIDS patients in Guilin, Guangxi via exploring whether there is a mediating effect of sleep quality on medical-social support and depression symptoms and therefore provide a theoretical basis for application of medical-social support to alleviate depression symptoms of HIV/AIDS patients.MethodsA convenience sampling method was used to select 200 HIV/AIDS patients for the study. Depression symptoms, sleep quality, and medical-social support of the study participants were investigated using The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and The Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), respectively. Predictors of depression symptoms were explored by multiple linear regression, and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between sleep quality, medical-social support, and depression symptoms. Mediating effect analysis was performed by nonparametric Bootstrap test.ResultsIn this study, the incidence of depression symptoms was 54.4%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that leanness (β = 0.161, P = 0.008), obesity (β = 0.186, P = 0.002), sleep quality score > 7 (β = 0.331, P < 0.001), and medical-social support score > 56 (β = -0.247, P < 0.001) could influence depression symptoms of HIV and Pearson’s correlation analysis demonstrated that there was a two-way correlation between sleep quality, medical social support and depression symptoms (P < 0.05). In addition, Bootstrap tests showed that medical-social support might affect depression symptoms not only directly but also indirectly through the mediating effect of sleep quality with the direct and mediating effects accounting for 77.25% and 22.75% of the total effect, respectively.ConclusionThe prevalence of depression symptoms is high among HIV/AIDS patients in Guilin City. The depressive symptoms of PLWHs(people living with HIV) are related to their sleep quality and medical-social support, and sleep quality partially mediates the relationship between medical-social support and depression symptoms. Therefore, interventions to improve sleep quality and medical-social support have the potential to allay the depression symptoms of HIV/AIDS patients.

"They Just Love Me"-An Examination of Social Support Experiences and Values Among People With TBI.

Social support is important for health and functional outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but many adults with TBI report inadequate social support. Little research has examined the social support priorities of adults with TBI or what an optimal social support network should include. The objective of this study was to describe the social support structures and experiences of adults with TBI. Community-based rehabilitation program. Community-dwelling adults with TBI, predominantly from racial and ethnic minority groups. Cross-sectional collection of quantitative and qualitative data. Number of close social contacts and total social contacts, along with a report of the frequency of social support using the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. Qualitative interviews were used to examine the quality of social support and participant values and priorities. Participants had an average of 4.3 close contacts (median 3.5, range 1-10), an average of 8.5 total social contacts (median 7, range 2-28), and a low frequency of social support (mean 28.4, SD=24.7). Interview themes fell under 2 grand themes: structure of social networks (social networks are made up of families; proximity influences the type of support) and quality of social support (commitment vs indifference; doing things with and for others adds meaning; and "they just love me"). Participants in this study had small social networks and a low frequency of social support. Findings suggest that people with TBI value committed support partners, social inclusion, bidirectional relationships, and emotional connection, yet experience lower support in these areas compared to tangible support. Future research should examine how to adapt existing models of social support to more closely align with participant values. Rehabilitation services may need to focus more heavily on individual and family training, addressing strategies to develop and maintain relationships, emotional connection, and communication to enhance relationship and social support quality.

Social support and medication adherence among adult myasthenia gravis patients in China: the mediating role of mental health and self-efficacy

BackgroundMyasthenia gravis (MG), a rare chronic neuromuscular disorder, is characterized by progressive physical decline and requires long-term pharmacological treatment. Due to the decline of physical and social abilities, MG patients are in great need of social support, including tangible and emotional support. This study aims to examine the association between social support and medication adherence and the possible mediating effects of mental health and self-efficacy among MG patients.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide MG registry was conducted on 865 patients under oral medication treatment in China between June and July 2022. Validated scales were used to measure the respondent’s mental distress (Four-item Patient Health Questionnaire), social support (Modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale), self-efficacy for medication use (Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale), and medication adherence (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, MMAS).ResultsThe association between social support and medication adherence and possible mediating effects of mental distress and self-efficacy were tested by structural equation model, with significant demographic and disease-related factors adjusted. The respondents showed a very low level of medication adherence (71.2% poor adherence; 1.4% high adherence; mean MMAS = 4.65). The level of social support was positively associated with medication adherence, and such association was fully mediated by two indirect pathways: through self-efficacy (β = 0.07, proportion mediated = 63.8%); and through mental distress and then self-efficacy (β = 0.01, proportion mediated = 6.7%).ConclusionProvision of social support and interventions on mental health with emphasis on improving self-efficacy for medication use may effectively improve medication adherence among MG patients.

Associations of Social Support With Physical and Mental Health Symptom Burden After COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Older Adults.

Despite significant support system disruptions during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, little is known about the relationship between social support and symptom burden among older adults following COVID-19 hospitalization. From a prospective cohort of 341 community-living persons aged ≥60 years hospitalized with COVID-19 between June 2020 and June 2021 who underwent follow-up at 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge, we identified 311 participants with ≥1 follow-up assessment. Social support prehospitalization was ascertained using a 5-item version of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (range, 5-25), with low social support defined as a score ≤15. At hospitalization and each follow-up assessment, 14 physical symptoms were assessed using a modified Edmonton Symptom Assessment System inclusive of COVID-19-relevant symptoms. Mental health symptoms were assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Longitudinal associations between social support and physical and mental health symptoms, respectively, were evaluated through multivariable regression. Participants' mean age was 71.3 years (standard deviation, 8.5), 52.4% were female, and 34.2% were of Black race or Hispanic ethnicity. 11.8% reported low social support. Over the 6-month follow-up period, low social support was independently associated with higher burden of physical symptoms (adjusted rate ratio [aRR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.52), but not mental health symptoms (aRR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.85-1.53). Low social support is associated with greater physical, but not mental health, symptom burden among older survivors of COVID-19 hospitalization. Our findings suggest a potential need for social support screening and interventions to improve post-COVID-19 symptom management in this vulnerable group.

Depression in pregnant Hispanic women: Risk factors, pregnancy outcomes and plasma cytokines

BackgroundMaternal depression is considered a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. A population at risk are U.S. born or immigrant Hispanic women, and few prenatal depression or immune studies have focused on this population. ObjectiveThe research questions for the study were 1) What are the occurrences, risk factors and outcomes associated with depression in Hispanic pregnant women in the United States and 2) What are the associations of plasma immune cytokines and prenatal depression in this population. Study designWomen of self-reported Hispanic ethnicity were born in the continental United States or foreign-born. Screening of potential participants (n = 690) at a first prenatal clinic visit consisted of antibody testing for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in a larger grant, and only the women with antibody levels below the cutoff for T. gondii positivity (N = 536) were included in the present study. All participants completed a health and demographic questionnaire, the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression (EPDS) scale, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support (MOS) scale. We surveyed electronic health records (EHR) for risk factors and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the sample. We further measured physical and mental health and seven plasma immune cytokines at four study visits during pregnancy in a longitudinal subsample (N = 128). ResultsThe frequency of EPDS scores of 10 (depression risk) or above was 18.6 % at the time of enrollment. Socioeconomic factors such as less education, greater unemployment, and U.S. born nativity were associated with greater depression risk, but these relationships became insignificant when we corrected for false discovery rate. Depression scores were not associated with adverse birth and pregnancy outcomes. The inflammatory cytokine TNF-α was significantly higher across pregnancy in women with depression risk (p < 0.03). Other inflammatory cytokines were higher in depressed women, but only at one time point in mid-pregnancy. ConclusionsPrenatal depression occurs in early pregnancy and then declines in Hispanic women. The frequency of depression and stress were higher in U.S. born compared to immigrant Hispanic women. There was an elevation in plasma levels of TNF-α through the pregnancy in depressed women, and elevations in other cytokines, at midpregnancy. The adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm delivery, known to be associated with prenatal depression were not present in this cohort.

Contextual Factors Matter: The Role of Social Support in Work-Related Difficulties and Employment Status in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis

Background: People with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) have reported a higher unemployment rate compared to the general population. The complexity of environmental-contextual factors, such as structural and functional social support, may influence employment status (ES). Objectives: to study the relationship between perceived social support and ES, assess the effects of potential mediators, and analyze how these predictors influence components of ES, including absenteeism, work harassment, negative work events, and the use of accommodations. Material and Method: 90 PwMS were recruited. A single-visit assessment included: the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), the Buffalo Vocational Monitoring Survey, the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), patient-reported outcomes measuring depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale), and the EDSS. Results: Sixty-three (70%) of PwMS were employed. Mediation analysis revealed the involvement of BDI-II and SDMT in the relationship between social support and ES. The functional social support of friends had a significant effect on absenteeism and NWEs. Total functional support was related to harassment, while family support had a significant effect on accommodations. Conclusion: These results show that structural and functional social support, in relation to the clinical variables of the disease, increase the probability of employment and a better quality of work.

Investigating gender differences in quality of life and social support in patients with severe mental illnesses.

Severe mental illnesses (SMIs), including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder affect patients significantly. Gender has been identified as a key factor influencing the experience of SMIs with notable disparities in prevalence, symptoms, and treatment outcomes. Additionally, the quality of life (QoL) and social support for patients with SMIs can vary based on gender. This study examined gender differences in QoL and social support of patients with SMIs. Participants include 170 outpatients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder at Shafa Hospital (2021). QoL and social support were assessed using World Health Organization QoL (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), respectively. Group differences were analyzed using t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, and two-way multivariate analyses of variance explored the effect of gender and disease type. It was indicated that females with schizophrenia reported higher QoL than males, but the opposite was observed for bipolar disorder. Gender differences in social support were not significant among schizophrenia patients, nor between the two patient groups. However, women with bipolar disorder and multiple hospitalizations experienced lower social support and QoL compared to men. Additionally, more hospitalizations were associated with decreased QoL in both genders with schizophrenia. Findings suggest the need for gender- specific interventions and support policies to enhance QoL and social support in patients with SMI.

Psychosocial predictors of mobility assistive devices non-adherence among older adults

Background: Mobility assistive devices (MADs) provide support to older adults to improve their quality of life; however, research shows that as many as 75% of older adults are non-adherent to prescribed MADs. This study investigated the psychosocial factors that predict non-adherence to MADs among older adults.Methods: A sample of Canadian older adult MADs users who resided in a long-term care facility was included. The data was collected using the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS), and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (mMOS-SS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 28. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample and the study variables. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the association between the study variables. Variables that were associated with non-adherence in a univariate analysis were subsequently entered into a multiple regression analysis.Results: The sample comprised 48 residents (26 females and 22 males), with a mean age of 86.8. In the univariate analysis, scores from the three PIADS subscales, namely, Competence, Adaptability, and Self-esteem, and the Social Support scale were significantly correlated with non-adherence (p < 0.05). In the multiple regression analyses, only Self-esteem significantly predicted non-adherence (p < 0.05), and this model explained between 43.5 and 54.3% of the variance in non-adherence.Conclusion: This study revealed that the Self-esteem construct, which includes several concepts related to psychological well-being, was the only significant predictor of non-adherence among the studied sample of older adults. The clinical implications of the findings are subsequently discussed.

"I am not the same as before": a mixed-methods study on depression in people with spinal injury in Qatar.

The objectives of the study were to determine depression prevalence; identify relationships between depression and cause and site of spinal injury, sociodemographic factors, and social support; and explore the lived experiences of depression in people with spinal injury in Qatar. A sequential cross-sectional mixed methods study was conducted. In the quantitative component, the universal sample consisted of 106 consenting individuals presenting with spinal injury at Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar between January and December 2020. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess levels of depression and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey was used to assess perceived social support. The cause and site of injury were obtained from patient records. In the qualitative component, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 purposively selected participants from the quantitative component. Spinal injury had a negative impact on participants physical, mental, social, and spiritual wellbeing. In total, 69% of participants had some level of depression: 28% mild, 25.5% minimal, and 15% moderate to severe. Depression was not associated with socio-demographic factors, or the cause or site of spinal injury. Higher levels of emotional/informational support and positive social interaction were associated with milder depression. Social support and religious faith were critical in assisting participants to cope with their new situation. Depression is prevalent among people with spinal injury attending health services. Early detection, referral, and treatment of depression are recommended. Strategies to enhance emotional/informational support and positive social interaction should be developed and tested with people with spinal injury.

Social support during re-entry period and long-term quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a 10-year longitudinal cohort study.

This study evaluated the association between social support during the re-entry period and long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in breast cancer survivors using a longitudinal cohort study. This is a prospective cohort study with 275 breast cancer survivors who reported HRQoL at 5 and 10years after diagnosis. Social support for the re-entry period was measured 3years after diagnosis using the Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS). HRQoL was evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and Breast Cancer-Specific Module (BR-23). Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate HRQoL at 5 and 10years after diagnosis by level of social support during the re-entry period. The mean (SD) of social support during re-entry period was 68.5. The low social support (LSS, score < 55) group during the re-entry period had a significantly lower HRQoL (mean difference = - 12.93) compared to moderate or high social support (MHSS, score ≥ 55) group. 5 and 10years after diagnosis, the LSS group continued to demonstrate lower HRQoL (5years: - 7.17; 10years: - 7.85) compared to the MHSS group. The LSS group were more likely to have lower role and social function scores, and higher fatigue, pain, and financial problems compared to the MHSS group at 10years after diagnosis. Breast cancer survivors who received lower social support during the re-entry period were more likely to experience poorer HRQoL in the long term than those who did not.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the medical outcome study social support survey among mothers of children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia

BackgroundSocial support significantly influences a mother's adherence to complementary feeding guidelines, with family support fostering a positive attitude towards this practice. The Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) is a multidimensional scale designed to evaluate functional aspects of social support, but no instrument has been validated for Indonesia. PurposeThe study aims to validate the MOS-SSS instrument for measuring mothers' social support in providing complementary food to infants and young children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 196 mothers with children aged 6–23 months in West Sumatera, Indonesia. The MOS-SSS's internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach alpha, composite reliability, and split-half analysis, while its construct validity was evaluated using convergent and discriminant validity. ResultsThe Indonesian version of the MOS-SSS among mothers with children aged 6–23 months has been found to be satisfactory in content validity through translation and expert review. The questionnaire exhibits strong convergent and discriminant validity, reliable construct reliability, and internal consistency. Conclusions and implicationsThe MOS-SSS questionnaire was found to be reliable and valid in measuring the social support mothers perceive in providing complementary feeding to their infants and young children. Future research should explore the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the MOS-SSS in various populations, including pregnant women, lactating mothers, and women with special conditions.

The influence of sense of coherence on psychological birth trauma: a parallel mediation model based on health Salutogenesis theory.

Psychological birth trauma has been associated with a variety of negative consequences for mothers, partners, newborns, and midwives. While prior research has identified demographic and clinical factors that may contribute to the development of psychological birth trauma, interventions targeting these factors can prove challenging. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore how psychological birth trauma is influenced by psychosocial factors including Sense of Coherence, Childbirth-related Fear, Social Support and Childbirth Readiness. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 tertiary or secondary hospitals in mainland China from November 2021 to June 2022. One thousand three hundred and sixty-six women were recruited totally. Data regarding basic characteristics, Sense of Coherence (SOC, Sense of Coherence Scale-3), Childbirth-related Fear (CBRF, Fear of Childbirth Scale), Social Support (SS, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey), Childbirth Readiness (CR, Childbirth Readiness Scale) and Psychological Birth Trauma (PBT, Psychological Birth Trauma Scale) were collected. Parallel mediation analysis was adopted to identify the underlying mechanisms between study variables. It was found that: (1) SOC has been found to have both direct and indirect effects on PBT. Women with higher level of SOC tend to report lower level of PBT; (2) the indirect effect of SOC on PBT was significantly exerted through CBRF, SS and CR; (3) CBRF was found to weaken the protective effect of SOC, whereas SS and CR were found to enhance it. No significant difference was found in contracts of the three specific indirect effects. SOC, CBRF, SS, and CR should be paid enough attention when designing intervention programs for women who might experience PBT. Interventions targeting SOC and CR are more likely to yield positive outcomes.

Association between participation restriction due to hearing loss and self-perception of health, social support, and quality of life in elderly people: a cross-sectional study.

To verify the association between participation restriction due to hearing loss and self-perception of health, social support, and quality of life in elderly people. This is a cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study with a quantitative data approach. A database with information collected in a medium-sized Brazilian municipality was used. The study was conducted with 235 elderly people registered in five Family Health Strategy Units. Sociodemographic and health information and the results of the following questionnaires were used: Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly - Screening Version (HHIE-S), Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Survey, Subjective Health Assessment, and Short-Form 6-Dimension (SF-6D) Health and Quality of Life Index. Groups with and without participation restriction were compared according to sociodemographic, health, social support, and quality of life variables. A multivariate binary logistic regression method was employed to evaluate the associations between the independent variables and participation restriction. The group with participation restriction is composed of older individuals with lower quality of life and poorer self-perception of health. Poorer self-perception of health was the only predictor of participation restriction related to hearing loss. Participation restriction is associated with poorer self-perception of health. The study highlights the importance of assessing individuals' self-perception regarding biopsychosocial issues, in addition to considering the environmental context to understand the social and emotional impacts caused by hearing loss.