Medical Information Science Research Articles

Awareness of plagiarism: Adaption, validity, and reliability of questionnaires in Iranian medical sciences for post-graduate students

BACKGROUND: Academic plagiarism affects the ethical aspects of research and can be in relation with valid health information distribution. The aim of this research is designing, validating, and standardizing the plagiarism awareness questionnaire for awareness of plagiarism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is cross-sectional and was done in medical sciences post-graduate students. Adaption, validity, and reliability were done. The validation population were 11 experts (one linguistics and ten medical library and information sciences). The reliability population includes 333 post-graduate students in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2022. Cultural adaption, face and content validity, reliability (exploratory and confirmed factor analysis), and correlation (Pearson coefficient) were checked using SPSS and Amos software ver24. RESULTS: Cultural adaption was confirmed based on the experts’ viewpoint using translation and re-translation. The CVR was 0.81, and content validity was confirmed. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for a model with six factors and 30 items. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a model with six factors and 28 items (items 3 and 29 were removed). Cronbach’s alpha was 0.86. The plagiarism awareness model (PAM) has six factors, “authenticating”, “citing”, “understanding”, “insight”, “paraphrasing”, and “attitude”, which can explain 54.353% of variances. IFI = 0.759, CFI = 0.755, NFI = 0.717, AGFI = 0.789, GFI = 0.826, and RMSEA = 0.073, and the PAM model was confirmed. The results of Pearson correlation showed a significant correlation between all factors. CONCLUSION: The PAM model has six factors and 28 items and was confirmed for plagiarism awareness study. This model can be considered by managers and can be used in health promotion research studies. PAPER TYPE: Research Article.

Information Referral System in the Health System

Information Referral System in the Health System

Theoretical issues in medical library and information sciences' articles published in scopus and web of science databases: A scoping review.

Nowadays, professions with stronger theoretical background usually have a better standing among other academic fields. The field of Medical Library and Information Science (MLIS) also requires developments in theoretical issues to increase its ranking and provide more effective support services and higher quality research. The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review of publications in MLIS in Scopus and Web of Sciences databases to identify the underlying theoretical issues in this field. The research method was a scoping review conducted in February 2022. Articles published in the field of MLIS for which the main theme or research outcomes were based on theoretical foundations, patterns, frameworks, theories and models, and without limitation on time were retrieved from Web of Science and Scopus databases. The retrieved articles were analyzed after necessary screening and evaluation. Based on the determined criteria, 49 articles were eventually analyzed. Patterns, theories, frameworks, and models used in the articles have been categorized into six general groups: (1) information (general) and information literacy; (2) models of evaluation and support services in libraries and information centers; (3) clinical, embedded librarianship, and professional librarianship; (4) scientometrics, selection and evaluation of articles, journals, and serials; (5) open access content; and (6) psychological and sociological models. The results indicate that published articles in the field of MLIS have used a considerable range of models, theories, and frameworks as the most important elements of theoretical concepts. These models, theories, and frameworks have been categorized into six main groups, a number of which have been involving collection development, organization of material, and most have been overseeing the distribution of information and support services in libraries and information centers. Whereas MLIS is an interdisciplinary field with specific applications for access to and distribution of information, it still has considerable potential for presenting models, frameworks, and theories.

A Review of Critical Thinking Training in Librarianship, Knowledge, and Information Science

Critical thinking, an important construct in the educational dimension, is an active process which uses a specific set of skills and enables one to make appropriate decisions and discriminate between information received. Therefore, critical thinking is considered as an important aspect of information performance in library education. In the field of library and information science, so far, no coherent study has investigated the possible aspects of teaching critical thinking. Hence, this narrative study aimed to review the available literature to determine if critical thinking is considered in the librarianship education and research. To this end, four electronic databases, including Medline (PubMed), ERIC, ProQuest, and Scopus were searched using the following keywords: Critical Thinking; Thinking; Education; Curriculum, Teaching; Librarianship; Library and Information Science; Medical Library and Information Science; and Knowledge and Information Science. A total of 439 articles were identified. After the initial review of the titles and abstracts and the removal of irrelevant and repetitive articles, 67 articles entered the evaluation stage. After reviewing the full text of the remaining articles, 32 articles were eligible to enter the study. Based on our review, the literature on the critical thinking in library science could be categorized into four classes. Moreover, critical thinking should be improved through using different educational strategies and be integrated into education curricula.

Effect of evidence-based information management and practice training on librarians’ critical thinking: A randomized educational trial

Critical thinking is one of the most important elements in making the right decision in every profession. Evidence based practice shows potential to empower the critical thinking skills of practitioners. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of evidence-based information management and practice (EBIMP) training course on the promotion of medical librarians’ critical thinking. This study is a randomized double-blind educational trial in the form of a parallel trial. A sample of 60 librarians were recruited nationwide in the study through the volunteer enrollment to the evidence-based information management and practice training course. Intervention group received a 10-module virtual course focusing on evidence-based information management. But the control group received a basic course of evidence-based medicine. The courses were delivered through virtual learning system and data was collected through California Standard Critical Thinking Skills Questionnaire Form B (CCTST). Data were analyzed with Covariance Analysis (ANCOVA), Chi-square (χ²), Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levin tests, and t-test, using SPSS 25. The findings showed that the critical thinking skills of participants after training of the information management and evidence-based practice (EBIMP) had significant improvement in the intervention group compared with the control group regarding the “inference” (4.86 ± 1.94 vs 4.20 ± 1.32), “assessment” (7.90 ± 1.77 vs 5.90 ± 1.70), “Inductive reasoning” (8.67 ± 2.32 vs 6.37 ± 1.87), “deductive reasoning” (6.47 ± 2.04 vs 5.77 ± 1.97) subskills. Education of evidence-based information practice could be effective in promotion of critical thinking skills of medical librarians. This study suggests evidence-based information practice to be added to the curriculum of medical library and information science fields. Trial registration: This study was registered with number 9000.1v1 in Registry of Efficacy and Effectiveness Studies (REES).

Scientometric Study of Research in Information Retrieval in Medical Sciences

Background: Mapping scientific trends is one of the most important missions of scientometric research for effective research. The main goal of this paper was to visualize and draw the intellectual and cognitive structures of information retrieval (IR) in the medical sciences using science mapping. Methods: In this cross-sectional scientometric study, we recruited all documents indexed in the Web of Science database with the topic of storing and retrieval of information in medical sciences. To analyze the results, 3 software, SciMAT-v1.1.04, VOSviewer-v1.6.14, CitNetExplorer_v1.0.0, were used. Results: Our results showed that most scientific productions in this field fall into 2 categories: (1) effective methods of organizing information and (2) application and operation of the IR system in the process of intelligent questioning and answering, and analyzing information behaviors of physicians and health professionals. The results showed that the similarity index increased over time from 0.43 to 0.71. Analysis of the findings showed that similarity measures, expert systems, concepts, experience, answers, and multimodel IR clusters were considered as mature and completely centralized clusters in the first quarter of the strategic chart. Conclusion: Because of the dramatic approximation of the vocabulary used by researchers and a relative slowdown in the growth rate of the subject's domain in the last decade, it seems necessary to pay attention to the expansion of the fields of IR and the application of its concepts in medical information sciences. Also, it can be recommended that designers of IR systems and techniques in medical information sciences pay more attention to human factors attentively to develop new technologies and tools.

Medical Library and Information Sciences Educational Barriers: A Qualitative Study

This study aims to identify the most important barriers in medical library and information sciences (medical LIS) education in Iran and to present suitable solutions to remove these barriers. In this qualitative study, data were gathered from semi-structured interviews with 18 medical LIS PhD students and then analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach. Educational barriers in medical LIS divided into four categories: curriculum barriers, department and faculty member barriers, official education and professional needs barriers, and student and graduate barriers. Medical LIS education requires major changes, including changes in the current curriculum, quality evaluation of educational groups and faculty members, matching curriculum with current stakeholder needs, as well as addressing motivational and employment barriers for graduates.

Identification of prophylactic drugs for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy using big data

BackgroundDrug repositioning is a cost-effective method to identify novel disease indications for approved drugs; it requires a shorter developmental period than conventional drug discovery methods. We aimed to identify prophylactic drugs for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy by drug repositioning using data from large-scale medical information and life science information databases. MethodsHerein, we analyzed the reported data between 2007 and 2017 retrieved from the FDA’s database of spontaneous adverse event reports (FAERS) and the LINCS database provided by the National Institute of Health. The efficacy of the drug candidates for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy obtained from the database analysis was examined using a rat model of peripheral neuropathy. Additionally, we compared the incidence of peripheral neuropathy in patients who received oxaliplatin at the Tokushima University Hospital, Japan. The effects of statins on the animal model were examined in six-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats and seven or eight-week-old male BALB/C mice. Retrospective medical chart review included clinical data from Tokushima University Hospital from April 2009 to March 2018. ResultsSimvastatin, indicated for dyslipidemia, significantly reduced the severity of peripheral neuropathy and oxaliplatin-induced hyperalgesia. In the nerve tissue of model rats, the mRNA expression of Gstm1 increased with statin administration. A retrospective medical chart review using clinical data revealed that the incidence of peripheral neuropathy decreased with statin use. Conclusion and relevanceThus, drug repositioning using data from large-scale basic and clinical databases enables the discovery of new indications for approved drugs with a high probability of success.

Drug-Repositioning Approaches Based on Medical and Life Science Databases.

Drug repositioning is a drug discovery strategy in which an existing drug is utilized as a therapeutic agent for a different disease. As information regarding the safety, pharmacokinetics, and formulation of existing drugs is already available, the cost and time required for drug development is reduced. Conventional drug repositioning has been dominated by a method involving the search for candidate drugs that act on the target molecules of an organism in a diseased state through basic research. However, recently, information hosted on medical information and life science databases have been used in translational research to bridge the gap between basic research in drug repositioning and clinical application. Here, we review an example of drug repositioning wherein candidate drugs were found and their mechanisms of action against a novel therapeutic target were identified via a basic research method that combines the findings retrieved from various medical and life science databases.

Effect of Problem-Based Learning and Reasoning Tests on Learners' Critical Thinking Skills Before and After the Educational Intervention in Graduate Students of Basic Sciences

Abstract Background and Objectives: Critical thinking skills are not learned spontaneously. Higher education system should strengthen critical thinking skills of learners by integrating critical thinking skills into educational programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of problem-based learning and reasoning tests on strengthening learners' critical thinking skills before and after the educational intervention in graduate students of basic sciences. Material and Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study that was conducted in 2020 at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Iran. Participants in the study were graduate students in the fields of medical education and Medical Library and Information Science. Problem-based learning theory and application of reasoning tests in the level of critical thinking of learners before and after the educational intervention; the California Critical Thinking Questionnaire was reviewed. Data analysis was performed using Spss 19 software. Statistical methods such as frequency, percentage and mean standard deviation have been used to study descriptive statistics and the significance level of the data has been investigated using nonparametric Wilcoxon test. Results: The level of critical thinking of students in the field of medical education before the educational intervention was moderate (2.92 ± 9.01) and weak in the field of Medical Library and Information Science (6.80 ± 80.95). After the educational intervention, the level of critical thinking of learners in both disciplines has significantly increased. In the field of analysis, the rate of critical thinking in both disciplines was lower than other domains before the intervention, which was higher than the other domains after the educational intervention. Conclusion:The present study showed that designing effective educational interventions in the fields of teaching and assessment methods lead to strengthening learners' critical thinking skills. By using new methods of evaluation and teaching, the education system can produce graduate students with the competency to create new ideas and novel approaches.

Research on Application of Health Medical Information Science Data Sharing Standard System in Sports Rehabilitation

The development of medical information technology has rapidly promoted the development of medical information technology towards intelligence. Health medical data provides basic data resource protection for intelligent medical services and smart medical services. This article abstracts the typical models of domestic and international health medical information management services, and provides theoretical basis and practical reference for the building of an evaluation index system for health management service capabilities. An system for health management service capabilities under a data sharing standard system was constructed, and the status and linkage of health management services were investigated and comprehensively evaluated to provide an index system and empirical data for evaluating hospital health management service capabilities. Finally, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of health management services under the medical consortium framework, propose countermeasures to improve the health management service system, provide decision-making references for units to improve their health management service capabilities, optimize health management service models, and formulate health management services for relevant government departments Provisional policies to promote the implementation of health management.

A systematized review on diabetes gamification.

Background: Gamification is an effective tool used to enhance the quality of education and training, to create motivation and enthusiasm, and to maintain competitiveness in the targeted population. Given that, the present study is an attempt to review gamification used in the field of diabetes systematically and its effects on the target group. Methods: Articles were retrieved from eight databases via an electronic advanced search. The data were imported to Endnote; and to assess the quality of the articles, PRISMA and CASP were used. Finally, according to the inclusion criteria, the appropriate articles were selected. Results: This study indicates that physical activity and nutrition were the most frequent diabetic subgroups in diabetes gamification. In addition, all diabetes gamification programs were designed to educate, teach skills and make behavior improvement in diabetics. Conclusion: Diabetes gamification have the capacity to change health behaviors among all age groups and can create an innovative, attractive and interactive learning environment accompanied by fun and engagement. Professor, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Librarianship and Medical Information Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

A systematized review on diabetes gamification.

Background: Gamification is an effective tool used to enhance the quality of education and training, to create motivation and enthusiasm, and to maintain competitiveness in the targeted population. Given that, the present study is an attempt to review gamification used in the field of diabetes systematically and its effects on the target group. Methods: Articles were retrieved from eight databases via an electronic advanced search. The data were imported to Endnote; and to assess the quality of the articles, PRISMA and CASP were used. Finally, according to the inclusion criteria, the appropriate articles were selected. Results: This study indicates that physical activity and nutrition were the most frequent diabetic subgroups in diabetes gamification. In addition, all diabetes gamification programs were designed to educate, teach skills and make behavior improvement in diabetics. Conclusion: Diabetes gamification have the capacity to change health behaviors among all age groups and can create an innovative, attractive and interactive learning environment accompanied by fun and engagement. Professor, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Librarianship and Medical Information Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

A Comparison of the Development of Medical Informatics in China and That in Western Countries from 2008 to 2018: A Bibliometric Analysis of Official Journal Publications.

Objective We focused on medical informatics journal publications rather than on conference proceedings by comparing and analyzing the data from journals and conferences from a broader perspective. The aim is to summarize the unique contributions of China to medical digitization and foster more multilevel international cooperation. Method In February 2019, publications from 2008 to 2018 in three major English-language medical informatics journals were retrieved through Scopus, including the journals, namely, International Journal of Medical Informatics (IJMI, international community), JAMIA (United States), and Methods of Information in Medicine (MIM, Europe). Three major Chinese-language journals, namely, China Digital Medicine (CDM), Chinese Journal of Health Informatics and Management (CJHIM), and Chinese Journal of Medical Library and Information Science (CJMLIS), were searched within the major three Chinese literature databases. The datasets were preprocessed using the NLP package on Python, and a smart local moving algorithm was used as a clustering method for identifying the aforementioned journals. Result Between 2008 and 2018, the total number of published papers and H-index of the three English-language journals was 1371 and 67 (IJMI), 1752 and 86 (JAMIA), and 637 and 35 (MIM), respectively. In the same period, the total number of published papers and H-index in the three Chinese-language journals was 6668 and 23 (CDM), 1668 and 22 (CJHIM), and 2557 and 25 (CJMLIS), respectively. IJMI, JAMIA, and MIM received submissions from 82, 59, and 62 countries/regions, respectively. By contrast, the three Chinese journals only received submissions from seven foreign countries. The proportions of authors from institutional affiliations were similar between the three English-language journals (IJMI, JAMIA, and MIM) and CJMLIS because the majority of the authors were from universities (81%, 74%, 73%, and 65.2%), followed by medical institutions (12%, 10%, 9%, and 23.4%) or research institutes (2%, 4%, 10%, and 4.3%). Furthermore, the proportions of the authors from enterprises were low (2%, 6%, 4%, and 0.3%) for all journals. However, the authors in CDM and CJHIM were mainly from medical institutions (50% and 40%), followed by universities (33% and 32%) and research institutes (3% and 4%). In addition, the proportions of enterprises were only 3% and 2%, respectively. Among the top five authors in three English-language journals (ranked in terms of the number of published papers), 100% had doctoral or master's degrees, compared with only 60% in the Chinese journals. Additionally, 28204 different keywords were extracted from the aforementioned papers, covering 275 specific high-frequency key terms. Based on these key terms, four clusters were found in the English literature—“Health and Clinical Information Systems,” “Internet and Telemedicine,” “Medical Data Statistical Analysis,” and “EHRs and Information Management”—and three clusters were found in the Chinese literature: “Hospital Information Systems and EMR,” “Library Science and Bibliometrics Analysis,” and “Medical Reform Policy and Health Digitization.” Only two clusters are similar, and Chinese-language journals focus more on health information in technology and industrial applications than in medical informatics basic research. Conclusion This study provides important insights into the development of medical informatics (MI) in China and Western countries showing that the medical informatics journals of China, the United States, and Europe have distinct characteristics. Specifically, first, compared with the Western journals, the number of papers published in the journals of professional associations in the field of MI in China is large and the application value is high, but the academic influence and academic value are relatively low; second, most of the authors of the Chinese papers are from hospitals, and most of the counterparts in the Western countries are from universities. The proportion of master's or doctoral degrees in the former is also lower than that of the latter; furthermore, regarding paper themes, on the one hand, China MI has no theoretical and basic research on medical data statistics and consumer health based on the Internet and telemedicine; on the other hand, after nearly 10 years of hospital digital development, China has fully used the latecomer and application advantages in hospitals and, through extensive international cooperation, has made significant advancements in and contributions to the development of medical information.

Designing a model of professional ethics excellence for clinical librarians.

Objective:Developing and promoting professional ethics principles for clinical librarians can help the health care system balance the interests of all stakeholders, including clinical librarians, health care professionals, and patients. Therefore, the goal of this study was to design a model of professional ethics excellence for clinical librarians.Methods:The authors conducted a descriptive applied study using literature review and the delphi method. The delphi panel included eleven experts in medical librarianship, library and information sciences, or information sciences and knowledge studies.Results:After the delphi rounds, five concepts and forty-six components were identified and confirmed to provide a model of professional ethics excellence for clinical librarians. The highest-rated concept was excellence in communication. The highest-rated component was mastery in developing search strategies in information resources and databases.Conclusions:Identifying and applying principles of professional ethics among clinical librarians can enhance the professionalization of clinical librarians and result in better information services for physicians. Furthermore, incorporating these principles into the curriculum for health sciences library and information sciences students or into workshops for active clinical librarians can further formalize the profession and practice of evidence-based medicine.

Topic Analysis of Published Articles in Medical librarianship and Information Science in Iran Using Text Mining Techniques

Background and Objectives: Nowadays, due to the increasing publication of articles in various scientific fields, analysis of the topics published in specialized journals is interesting for researchers and practioners. For this purpose, this study has identified and analyzed the issues published in the Iranian library and medical librarianship articles. Material and Method: This study uses an exploratory and descriptive approach to analyze the library and information articles published in specialized journals in this field in Iran from 1997 to 2017 using text mining techniques. For this purpose, 982 articles on the library and medical librarianship have been selected from 16 journals. The TF-IDF weighting algorithm was used to identify the most important terms used in the articles and the LDA thematic modeling algorithm was used to determine the published topics. Python programming language has also been used to run text mining algorithms. Results: Results showed that the words of library (12.67), journal (12.47), information (12.23), hospital (9.90) and scientific (9.74) are the most important words based on their TF-IDF weight. The results of thematic modeling of these articles were based on the highest publication rates of scientometrics, information literacy, health information, knowledge management, webometrics, and the quality of the website and hospital information systems, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the topics of scientometrics, information literacy and health information have had the highest publication in the last 5 years. Also, the publication of knowledge management, webometrics and quality of the website and hospital information system has been less published in the last 5 years than in the past.

A Commentary on PhD Curriculum of Medical Library and Information Science: Comparative Study of Three Curriculums

A Commentary on PhD Curriculum of Medical Library and Information Science: Comparative Study of Three Curriculums

Clinical informationist educational needs and goals: A scoping review.

Clinical informationist (CI) is one of the current trends in the field of medical librarianship and information science. CIs are members of clinical care teams, and their main duty is to fill the gap in the information needs of health-care workers and patients using information sources. They need an official and standard education. This study aims to identify the educational goals and needs of CIs. To this end, a scoping review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. The ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Proquest (MEDLINE), Science Direct, Emerald, ERIC, Cochrane, and Library, Information Science and Technology s were searched. The Journal of the European Association for Health Information and Libraries was hand searched for relevant studies. A total of 1026 studies were extracted, and 38 studies were selected for the final review. The review resulted in identifying 18 goals in cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor areas. Furthermore, the educational needs were identified in eight educational needs including research method and statistics, education, medical knowledge, information and librarianship science, clinical environment knowledge, evidence-based knowledge, information technologies and systems, management, and leadership. Although part of these educational needs can be met through general medical librarianship and information science education, further specialized education for CIs requires specific aims and curriculum. Thus, the results of this study can be the basis for future studies regarding the competencies of CI in order to provide a more precise and detailed curriculum based on these educational needs.

Formulating a structural model of self-compassion based on the spiritual intelligence of the students of medical library and information sciences in Iranian Universities of Medical Sciences.

INTRODUCTION:Effective communication is one of the most important factors in advancing the goals of library services and the identifying factors affecting it and having a single model for such factors are of utmost importance. The aim of this study was to develop a structural model of self-compassion measured based on spiritual intelligence (SQ) as factors affecting communication in medical library and information science students.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was a correlational study done by structural equation modeling method. A total of 290 undergraduate and graduate students of Medical Library and Information Sciences of Iran's Universities of Medical Sciences were selected by simple random sampling. In this study, the data were collected by the Neff's Self-Compassion Scale and the King's Spiritual Intelligence Self-report Inventory. Self-compassion measured based on SQ was tested by goodness-of-fit indices. Statistical analysis was performed using SmartPLS software.RESULTS:The results showed that there was a significant relationship between SQ and self-compassion. Furthermore, the positive values of predictive indices could confirm the self-compassion measured based on SQ. Composite reliability indicated the high reliability of SQ and self-compassion.CONCLUSION:According to the fitting indices of the model, it can be concluded that the self-compassion model has an acceptable fit on the basis of SQ.

Identification of patients' rights to benefit from consumer health information services: A Delphi study.

INTRODUCTION:Patients have different rights, one of which is their right to access health information. The aim of this study was to identify patients’ rights to benefit from consumer health information services using a qualitative method.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The research method was qualitative using a Delphi technique. The statistical population consisted of 12 specialists in the field of medical library and information science and researchers and healthcare professionals. Eight dimensions and 42 items of patients’ rights were identified and were approved by Delphi panel.RESULTS:Regarding patients’ rights to benefit from consumer health information services, eight dimensions including the right to health knowledge, the right to access to health information, the professional behavior of medical librarians with patients, content richness, information seeking skills, awareness of new services and products, the ease of using health information centers, and the professional behavior of healthcare professionals with patients were identified and approved.CONCLUSION:Decreasing the gap between the health literacy of healthcare professionals and patients is one of the duties of medical librarians and health information professionals. Establishing of patient rights in the area of utilizing health information services is an important step in improving the quality of services received by patients.