Medical Implant Communication Service Research Articles

Conformal wideband ingestible capsule MIMO antenna system for multi-channel communication in biotelemetry

This article presents the design of a compact conformal multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) capsule antenna aimed at enabling robust communication and high data rates over a broad frequency range spanning from 0.3 to 2.5 GHz. This range encompasses essential frequency bands such as medical implant communications services (MICS) (401–406 MHz), wireless medical telemetry services (WMTS) (1.4 GHz), and industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) (0.433 GHz, 0.915 GHz, and 2.45 GHz) for wireless capsule biotelemetry. The size of the capsule is reduced to 17 mm × 7 mm (typically 26 mm × 11 mm) to ensure the safe passage of the capsule without being trapped inside the intestine. The proposed antenna (integrated with dummy electronics to build a fully encased capsule endoscope design) is placed inside homogeneous and heterogeneous phantoms in the simulation. The antenna prototype is fabricated, and performance metrics are measured by implanting it inside pork meat and phantom solution. The proposed MIMO antenna offers a wide impedance bandwidth of ∼2200 MHz, and the measured isolation between the antenna elements is > 20 dB. The proposed antenna is also tested for robustness (interaction between the electronic components and the endoscope’s antenna) and human safety using system considerations and realistic voxel models.

Conformal ultra‐miniaturized frequency selective surface for medical shielding applications

SummaryThis article presents a novel wearable frequency selective surface (FSS) for shielding the communication link of implantable devices with the external environment. The proposed shield blocks a dual‐band frequency operating at 404 MHz and 2.45 GHz in the medical implant communication service (MICS) and industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands. The two distinct stop bands provide a high‐frequency band ratio of 6.02 in an ultra‐miniaturized physical form factor of 0.024λo × 0.024λo, with at least 76.96% miniaturization when compared to the existing art. Each of the unit cells is imprinted on a conformal 50 μm polyester substrate in a symmetrical configuration. The polyester adheres with jean to realize its compatibility with wearable applications. The designed shield system offers a low profile of only 0.00146λo. By suppressing the grating lobe, the proposed shield achieves a high angular stability of 80° and polarization insensitivity of 90° in both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The FSS is fabricated and measured results validate its performance. To evaluate the physical insight, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) analysis is done. To ensure durability, the proposed shield system is tested with Amitech SDR04.

A Wireless ECoG Recording System to Detect Brain Responses to Tactile Stimulation

Many neural recording systems with wired connections to electrodes have suffered from the disadvantage that the wired connections restrict the movement of the subject. To overcome this restriction, wireless neural interfaces have been developed. However, due to the adoption of low transmission rates and protocols in the medical implant communication service band, it has been challenging to develop a high-resolution wireless recording interface that can utilize the functionality of multichannel electrodes at maximum. In this study, we developed a high-throughput wireless recording system assembled using only off-the-shelf components, resulting in a lightweight of 2.1 g. The developed wireless system can transmit 32 channels of neural signals with up to 30 kHz sampling rate per channel and 16-bit analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) resolution seamlessly. The system was connected to a flexible 32-channel electrocorticogram (ECoG) electrode array, and successfully recorded somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) from the in vivo brain in response to tactile stimulation, demonstrating a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and high spatial and temporal resolutions in wireless neural signal recording.

An Ultra-Miniaturized High Efficiency Implanted Spiral Antenna for Leadless Cardiac Pacemakers.

This paper presents an ultra-miniaturized implant antenna with a volume of 22.22mm3 in the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) frequency band 402-405MHz to be integrated with a leadless cardiac pacemaker. The proposed antenna has a planar spiral geometry with a defective ground plane exhibiting a radiation efficiency of 3.3% in the lossy medium with more than 20dB of improved forward transmission, while the coupling can be further enhanced by adjusting the thickness of the antenna insulation and the antenna size according to the application area. The implanted antenna demonstrates a measured bandwidth of 28MHz, covering beyond the MICS band needs. The proposed circuit model of the antenna describes the different behaviors of the implanted antenna over a wide bandwidth. The antenna interaction within human tissues and the improved behavior of the electrically small antenna are explained in terms of radiation resistance, inductance, and capacitance that are obtained from the circuit model. The results are demonstrated using electromagnetic computations and are validated by the measurement using liquid phantom and animal experiments.

A Lamb wave magnetoelectric antenna design for implantable devices

A 400 MHz magnetoelectric (ME) Lamb wave antenna design to function in the medical implant communication service band is proposed. The antenna employs a heterostructure of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive membranes to acoustically excite standing shear bulk wave and radiate as a magnetic dipole. Multiphysics finite element analysis simulations are performed for transmission and reception modes. In these simulations, three aspects are investigated: piezoelectricity, micromagnetic precession, and magnetic dipole radiation. An experimental demonstration of the antenna is also conducted and shows mechanical resonance with a Q-factor of 500 and ME coupling. These results indicate that the design can be operated in zero-order antisymmetric (A0) mode as a tunable oscillator or sensor. This ME approach provides a solution to the miniaturization problem of traditional current-based implantable antennas.

MICS-Band Helical Dipole Antenna for Biomedical Implants

This letter presents the design, analysis, and measurement of a miniaturized ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{7}\!\times\!\text{7.5}$</tex-math></inline-formula> mm) electrically small helical dipole antenna with the introduction of a flexible magnetic sheet of high permittivity and permeability for biomedical implants. The proposed helical dipole, operating at 402–405 MHz Medical Implant Communication Services (MICS) band, supports wider bandwidths (10 dB bandwidth: simulated 33 MHz; measured 49.5 MHz) compared to the state-of-the-art designs. In addition, as a hybrid between a magnetic loop antenna and an electric dipole antenna and operating in the normal mode with small radian (ka < 0.36), enhanced radiation efficiency has been achieved as a result of the magnetic sheet. Measured in-body to on-body transmission verifies the antenna performance.

Design of a Novel Compact MICS Band PIFA Antenna for Implantable Biotelemetry Applications

An implantable stacked planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) for biotelemetric communication in the 402-405 MHz Medical Implant Communications Service (MICS) frequency band is designed and fabricated. With the proposed PIFA structure, a slot on each radiating patch was embedded, resulting in a size reduction of 0.013 λ and a compact size of 10 × 10 × 1.905 mm3. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments verified the simulation performance with characteristics of -10 dB bandwidth of 29 MHz, radiation efficiency of 0.9%, and a maximum far-field gain of -18.8 dB. We calculated the safety power delivered to the antenna using the specific absorption rate (SAR) limitation standard. Compared to other implantable antennas for biotelemetry, this antenna performs comparably and has a smaller size. This design would further develop implantable medical devices that communicate in the MICS band.

Modeling of a Compact Dual Band and Flexible Elliptical-Shape Implantable Antenna in Multi-Layer Tissue Model

A flexible antenna of compact size with a dual band elliptical-shape implantable is designed for biomedical purposes. The suggested antenna has an elliptical shape to be more comfortable for being implanted in human tissue. The implantable antenna is printed on RO3010 substrate with 2 mm as a thickness and 10.2 as a dielectric constant. It consists of an active planar C-shaped element and a parasitic planar inverted C-shaped element. The proposed antenna is designed with a major axis radius of 12 mm and a minor axis radius of 8 mm. It operates in dual bands: The Industrial Scientific and Medical band (ISM) [2.4 GHz–3.5 GHz] and Medical Implant Communications Service band (MICS) [394 MHz–407.61 MHz]. A short-circuited pin is used to minimize the antenna’s overall size and for further size reduction a capacitive load is used between the radiator and the ground plane. For biocompatibility, a thin-thickness layer of Alumina is used as a superstrate. The suggested antenna is tested in a multi-layer tissue model and the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value is computed. The proposed antenna was fabricated, and the reflection coefficient is measured and compared with simulated results.

Miniaturized antenna verified with diffuse optical measurements for native and boiled adipose tissue differentiation

Medical industries are continuously working towards the development of wearable theragnostic devices which enable monitoring various ailments in the body and then transmitting them to the base-station. The antenna design is of prime importance where the suitable design guarantees proper communication between the antenna and the base-station. In this paper, a co-planar wave-guide antenna is proposed for the use in the medical implant communication service (MICS) band for data transmission. The proposed antenna is studied for ex-vivo applications where the antenna is simulated for bovine intramuscular fat (adipose tissue). The preliminary results showed that the antenna radiates in MICS band. Two types of samples are tested; namely, native fat and boiled fat. The boiled fat is used in order to represent the infected fat tissue. Hence, the antenna was implanted into the fat samples and the results revealed noticeable variations in the radiation characteristics between native and boiled fat. Different parameters of the proposed antenna including the reflection coefficient (S11), radiation patterns, gain, efficiency, and front-to-back ratio are investigated. The simulations showed that S11 parameter was − 12.4 dB in MICS band for the normal fat. On the other hand, the measured S11 values were − 12.3 dB for the native samples and − 9.9 dB for the boiled fat samples. To assert the variation in the biological characteristics of the boiled fat as compared to those of the native fat, diffuse optical measurements of the examined samples were investigated. Such variation in the light scattering and absorbance by the tissue is responsible for varying the S11 parameter for each case. The results have shown that the proposed design is a good candidate for detecting the change in biological tissue.

A Miniaturized Implantable Antenna for Wireless Power Transfer and Communication in Biomedical Applications

A miniaturized, triple-band, implantable antenna for biomedical applications is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna with dimensions of 8.1 mm × 8.1 mm × 0.64 mm, combined with a shorting pin and a ground slot, operates at bands between 401–406 MHz for the medical implant communications service (MICS); 1,395–1,400 MHz and 1,427–1,432 MHz for the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS); and 2,400–2,500 MHz for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) applications. The antenna is deployed simultaneously for data transmission and wireless power transfer (WPT) at the two frequencies of communications and the ISM band, respectively. The antenna achieves peak gain values of -35.7 dBi, -25.1 dBi, and -19.5 dBi with the impedance bandwidths of 10.1%, 15.5%, and 9.58% at 402 MHz, 1.4 GHz, and 2.45 GHz, respectively. The experiments in the muscle tissue were implemented to demonstrate the reliability of the proposed antenna. To ensure safety standards in the human body environment, the specific absorption rate (SAR) value is simulated and evaluated thoroughly.

Compact triple-band implantable antenna for multitasking medical devices

Abstract This paper presents a compact implantable antenna’s design, fabrication, and measurement for biotelemetry applications. The proposed design with the size of 255 mm3 provides a triple-band operation that covers all the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS: 402 MHz), Medical Device Radiocommunications Service (MedRadio: 405 MHz), and Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM: 433, 915 and 2450 MHz) bands simultaneously. The compact structure with triple- band performance is essentially achieved by using a spiral-like radiator loaded with meandered and internal gear-shaped elements excited by a vertical coaxial probe feed. Also, the slots-loaded partial ground plane is utilized to improve impedance matching at the desired frequency bands. The design and analysis of the antenna were carried out using the Ansoft HFSS software in a homogenous skin model and the CST Microwave Studio in a realistic human model. The proposed antenna was fabricated to validate the simulated results, and characteristics of its return loss and radiation patterns were measured in minced pork meat. Moreover, realized gains and specific absorption rate (SAR) values of the antenna were numerically computed using the simulators. Based on the simulated and measured results, the proposed antenna performance was found to be comparable to the limited number of multiband implantable antenna designs reported in the recent literature.

Design and modeling of a multiband electrically coupled loop antenna for biomedical applications

A triple-band Electrically Coupled Loop Antenna (ECLA) is designed to operate in the three standard bands for biomedical implantation purposes: Medical Implant Communications Services (MICS) (402–405 MHz), Wireless Medical Telecommunication Services (WMTS) (1395–1405 MHz) and Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) (2400–2480 MHz). An equivalent circuit is derived for the multiband ECLA based on simple equations relate the dimensions with the circuit parameters to get a good understanding of antenna operation as well as saving time in simulations. The proposed antenna size is 15 × 13.8 × 13 mm3 and simulated in a muscle phantom with size 100 × 100 × 100 mm3. The calculated peak realized gain values are − 18, − 30 and − 33.3 dBi and the peak 10 g averaged Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) values are 11.59, 43.07 and 49.75 W/Kg for the three bands, respectively. A detuning study is carried out to ensure that the proposed antenna is robust against electrical properties variation thus it can be implanted in different tissues of different people in various health circumstances. Two antenna prototypes have been fabricated and tested in a solution that mimics human tissue.

Compact multi-band implantable antenna designs for versatile in-body applications

In this paper, a quad-band implantable antenna (QBIA) and its triple-band miniaturized configuration are presented. The primary radiator of the proposed QBIA consists of four different types of concentric resonators excited by a microstrip feed line. The QBIA design has dimensions of 15 × 15 × 1.27 mm3, and it covers the Medical Device Radiocommunications Service (MedRadio), Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS), Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS), and Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands. The proposed antenna was fabricated to validate the numerical design, and the characteristics of its return loss and radiation patterns were measured in minced meat from pork. The miniaturized version of the QBIA has an ultra-compact size of 4.16 mm3 (4 × 4 × 0.26 mm3), and it offers a triple-band operation covering the ISM and WMTS bands. The proposed triple-band implantable antenna (TBIA) was achieved by using a thinner substrate and optimizing all design parameters of the QBIA. To the best of our knowledge, the suggested QBIA with the novel configuration is the first implantable antenna that simultaneously covers almost all frequency bands allocated for biotelemetry applications. Also, the proposed TBIA is the most miniature triple-band implantable antenna presented in the recent literature, considering the application frequencies.

Multilayer Archimedean spiral antenna design for dual-band intra-arm implantable biotelemetric smart health care monitoring system covering MICS and ISM bands

Abstract In this paper, a novel multilayer microstrip implant antenna (MIA) design based on the Archimedean spiral (AS) radiator element is presented for dual-band biotelemetric health care monitoring system. The proposed AS-MIA design has a layered structure consists of the spiral antenna elements and superstrate, namely layer #1 , layer #2 and layer #3 , respectively. While achieving the dual-band multi-layer implantable antenna design, firstly, each of the radiating elements in the respective layers is designed to cover separately in the desired bands, that is, layer#1 and layer#2 operate in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical 2.4–2.48 GHz) and MICS (Medical Implant Communication Services 402–405 MHz) bands, respectively. Subsequently the ultimate multilayered AS-MIA design is formed by combining the individually designed layers. The compact implantable antenna has a dimension of r = 5 mm radius and h = 3.81 mm height, owning the electrically size of 0.067 λ 0 and h = 0.051 λ 0, respectively, where λ 0 is free space wavelength at 402 MHz in MICS band. Since the AS-MIA is intended to be used in an intra-arm smart health system, the simulated radiation performances of the antenna in a created numerical arm phantom are presented in the article. Also note that numerical analysis of the implant antenna was carried out using CST MW studio simulator based on finite integral method. The prototype of the implantable antenna was fabricated using Rogers 3210 substrate with electrical permittivity of ε r = 10.2. In-vitro return loss measurements were realized in skin mimicking gels, suggested in the literature. It was observed that in vitro measurement and simulation results were quite compatible with each other, except for some discrepancies due to the manufacturing and material tolerances during the preparation of the prototype antenna and skin mimicking gels. The proposed AS-MIA offers a dual-band operation with 15 and 16% S 11 bandwidth at each band of 402 MHz and 2.4 GHz respectively where |S 11| ≤ 10 dB criterion along with 50-Ω system is considered. Also the proposed design can be a good candidate to be used in dual-band medical implant communication systems with its miniature size and reasonable radiation characteristics.

Compact triple‐broadband implantable antenna for multi‐functions in telemedicine

A compact implantable antenna is designed to operate in the Medical Implant Communication Services (MICS; 402–405 MHz) band, 915-MHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM; 902–928 MHz) band, and 2.4-GHz ISM (2.4–2.48 GHz) band; via the triple bands, the multi functions, such as biomedical data transferring, wireless energy supply, and control signal sending, can be implemented. By embedding symmetric slots in the radiation patch and introducing a shorting pin, multiple resonances are generated with −10-dB simulated bandwidths of 76 MHz (369–445 MHz) at the MICS band, 45 MHz (891–936 MHz) at the 915-MHz ISM band, and 1025 MHz (1930–2955 MHz) at the 2.45-GHz ISM band. In addition, compact dimensions of 11.6 × 11.6 × 1.27 mm (170.89 mm3) are obtained with the simulated peak gains of −41.3 dBi, −23.5 dBi, and −28.7 dBi in the triple bands. To improve impedance matching of the proposed antenna in the upper band, two symmetric U-shaped slots are etched in the ground. The fabricated antenna was tested in fresh pork, and the measured results agree well with those simulated in the phantom. Advantages of compact size and broad triple bands make the proposed antenna great potential for telemedicine applications.

A Compact Implantable MIMO Antenna for High-Data-Rate Biotelemetry Applications

This article presents a low-profile multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) implantable antenna system, including a capsule endoscopy and a scalp implantation at medical implant communication service (MICS) band (402–405 MHz), and industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (433.1–438.8 MHz). It consists of two elements with an edge-to-edge gap of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.0018\lambda _{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and overall dimensions of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pi \times (5.65)^{2} \times 0.13$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and is placed on a 0.13 mm-thick RO3010 ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\epsilon _{r} = 10.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and tan <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\delta = 0.0022$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) substrate. The antenna is integrated with batteries, sensors, and electronic components in two different types of implantable devices (capsule and flat-type devices). The simulation result shows that the antenna has a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 33.9%, a maximum realized gain of −30 dBi, and isolation of more than 26 dB. The fabricated prototype is measured in a saline solution and minced pork meat. The measured results are found in good accordance with simulations. The antenna parameters are calculated and showed a significant independence between the radiators. A link budget is estimated to be 78 Mb/s for a distance of 20 m. Thus, the proposed antenna is considered as a promising solution for high-data-rate medical applications such as capsule endoscopy, live surgeries, and other biomedical applications where the high data rate is required.

Path Loss Models for Wireless Cardiac RF Communication

In this letter, we propose fundamental path loss (PL) models which play vital roles in promoting the intraheart communication system design of future deeply implanted leadless pacemakers inside the cardiac chambers. Initially, employing a plane wave approach yields the attenuation of the electric field in homogeneous heart tissue, while a modified Friis equation in the lossy medium is utilized to evaluate the power transmission between transmitting and receiving antennas in homogeneous heart tissue in the far-field zone. An Hertzian dipole excitation is used to separate the mismatch and ohmic losses of the antenna from the path loss in an anatomical human body simulation environment. Based on this theoretical and full-wave simulation setup, PL models are derived and comprehensively compared at different potential frequency bands [Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) 402-405 MHz, Wireless Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS) 608-614 MHz, Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) 867-869 MHz, and 2400-2500 MHz], and the validity of applying the Friis equation in this scenario is verified.

Optimal sub‐harmonic injection‐locked MICS band transmitter for wireless CW‐fNIRS systems

AbstractPortable and wireless functional near‐infrared spectroscopy is a growing field of research for real‐time monitoring of brain functions. The most critical challenges in this field are the use of low‐power and calibrated circuits. A novel transmitter architecture is proposed to overcome these barriers. This transmitter is low power, capable of being calibrated against process variation, and has a better phase noise and spurious‐free dynamic range (SFDR) at the antenna. Besides that, the transmitter can be calibrated, which is not seen in similar research. In this transmitter, injection locking and frequency calibration lead to having an optimal and low‐power circuit. The circuit is capable of transmitting data with BFSK and OOK modulations in the frequency band of the medical implant communication service (MICS). The transmitter is designed and simulated in a typical CMOS 0.18‐μm technology with a 1‐V power supply. The transmitter's power consumption is around 146 and 123 μW, equal to 5.92 nJ/bit and 246–630 pJ/bit for BFSK and OOK modulations, respectively. The signal's phase noise at the antenna is almost −109 dBc/Hz at 1‐MHz frequency offset.

A Compact Triple-Band Antenna With a Broadside Radiation Characteristic for Head-Implantable Wireless Communications

This letter presents a compact triple-band antenna composed of a spiral radiator with an open-ended slot at the ground for human head-implantable wireless communications. It operates simultaneously at a Medical Implant Communications Service (MICS) band (402-405 MHz), a Wireless Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS) band (1427-1432 MHz), and an Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band (2400-2480 MHz). The proposed antenna has a thin profile of 0.5 mm with a volume of 197 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Semisolid phantoms are used for the design and experimental validation, and detailed parameter studies are carried out to determine the working principles of the antenna. Based on simulations and measurements, it was found that the proposed antenna covers all the desired frequency bands with comparably high boresight gains given its compact dimensions.

A CMOS implementation of controller based all digital phase locked loop (ADPLL)

PurposeBiomedical radio frequency (RF) transceivers require miniaturized forms with long battery life and low power consumption. The medical implant communication service (MICS) band in the frequency range of 402–405 MHz is widely used for medical RF transceivers because the MICS band signals have reasonable propagation characteristics and are suited to achieve good results. The implementation of the RF front-end for medical devices has many challenges as these dictate low power consumption. In particular, phase-locked loop is one of the most critical blocks of the RF front-end. The purpose of this paper is to the design of controller-based all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) in a 45 nm CMOS process.Design/methodology/approachInitially, an open-loop architecture phase frequency detector (PFD) is designed. Then based on the concept of differential buffer, a differential ring oscillator (RO) is built using capacitive boosting technique. After that, the frequency controller block is built by proper mathematical modeling that does the job of loop filter, which behaves like a phase interpolator. Frequency controller block has tuning register block, tuning word register. The tuning block is built using the Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) caps. Finally, the integration of all the blocks is done and the ADPLL architecture that locks at 402 MHz is achieved.FindingsThe designed PFD is dead zone free that operates at 1 GHz. The differential RO oscillates at 495 MHz. The proposed ADPLL operates at 402 MHz with measured phase noise of −98.36 at 1-MHz offset. This ADPLL exhibits rms jitter of 4.626 ps with a total power consumption of 216.5 µW.Research limitations/implicationsA time to digital converter (TDC)-less controller-based low power ADPLL covering the MICS frequency band for biomedical applications has been designed in 45 nm/0.68 V CMOS technology. The ADPLL proposed in this draft uses differential oscillator with capacitively boosted technique which reduced the operating voltage to as low as 0.68 V. This ADPLL has a bandwidth of 20 kHz and works at reference frequency of 20 MHz consumed power of 216.5 µW, while generating an output frequency of 402 MHz. The tuning range is from 375 to 428 MHz. With the phase noise of −98.36 dbc/Hz at 1 MHz, a frequency controller block replaces the usage of TDC.Social implicationsThe designed ADPLL will definitely pave way to greater research arena in the field of biomedical field. This ADPLL is a unique combination that combines electronics and biomedical field. The designed ADPLL is itself a broader application to biomedical field that will have a positive impact on the society.Originality/valueThe implementation of open-loop PFD and RO using the capacitive boosting technique is a unique combination. This is comprehended well with frequency controller block that eliminates the usage of TDC and behaves as phase interpolator. The entire design of ADPLL which suits the application of MICS band of frequency has been designed carefully to work at low power.