Medical Examinations Of Employees Research Articles

How to properly conduct a medical examination

The organization of medical examination of employees is a direct obligation of the employer. Since April 2021, the rules for undergoing medical examinations have been changed. What is included in the area of responsibility of the personnel officer, what medical examinations and examinations the employee must undergo, how the personnel service should correctly organize and arrange for preliminary and periodic medical examinations, read the material.

Состояние условий труда, профессиональной заболеваемости и совершенствование медико-профилактического обеспечения работников горнодобывающих предприятий

The article describes the current state of labour conditions and occupational morbidity, as well as measures to improve medical examinations of employees of mining companies. Hygienic studies have shown that labour conditions at these operations were and remain harmful. A general assessment of the workplace conditions of the main jobs at these companies corresponds to the 3rd and 4th Subclasses of Hazard Class 3. The levels of occupational morbidity and its structure are presented. More than 70% of newly detected occupational diseases in both underground and open-pit mining were registered among persons whose workplaces were classified as Subclasses 3.3-3.4. The article provides recommendations on conducting preliminary and periodical examinations of workers in accordance with the provisions of Order No. 988n/1420n of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated December 31, 2020, and Order No. 29n of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated January 28, 2021, that were introduced on April 1, 2021.

Medical examinations for office employees

The transition of the Russian Federation to new regulations in the field of labor protection in 2021 requires preliminary and periodic medical examinations of about 30–40 million office employees, which creates a number of organizational and economic problems for employers. The basis for conducting medical examinations of office personnel is the presence at the workplace of the electromagnetic field of the broadband frequency spectrum (5 Hz — 2 kHz, 2 kHz — 400 kHz), which is considered as a prerequisite for the appearance of occupational diseases associated with the influence of the electromagnetic field, leading to a disorder of the autonomic (autonomous) nervous system and with visually strenuous work, leading to the appearance of progressive myopia. The order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 29n of 28.01.2021 does not contain the exceptions characteristic of the latest editions of the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 302n concerning the intensity of the impact of the factor «when exceeding the maximum permissible level» or «work on reading, entering information, working in the dialog mode in the amount of at least 50 % of the working time», which means that the employer must conduct medical examinations of office employees working with a PC. The number of necessary laboratory and functional tests decreased by 1.8 times. Paradoxical is the transfer from the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development (No. 302n) to the new order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (No. 29n) of the connection of electromagnetic fields exclusively with ophthalmological problems, ignoring no less significant problems of damage to the nervous system. The inclusion of a dermatovenerologist in the commission is completely unjustified, since the impact of the electromagnetic field of the broadband frequency spectrum does not cause significant problems of the dermatovenerological profile. Taking into account the requirements of the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 417n, it was proposed to replace a dermatovenerologist with a psychotherapist in the composition of the commission for conducting medical examinations of office employees with a psychotherapist with the inclusion in the table «Frequency and volume of mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations of employees» of the Appendix of the order of the Ministry of Health No. 29n of laboratory and functional studies of a psychotherapeutic profile.

Mandatory medical examinations of workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

The experts of the Ministry of Labor, in their letter dated April 10, 2020, explained the procedure for conducting mandatory medical examinations of employees during the period of restrictions related to the spread of a new coronavirus infection.

Применение энергии электромагнитного поля в дезинфицирующих кабинах для профилактики и снижения распространения вирусных инфекций

The article suggests the use of disinfectants (disinfection cabins) for prevention and reduction of the spread of viral infections (EMF energy is applied there which is harmful to coronavirus strain and harmless to the human body). The analysis of publications on the influence of the electromagnetic field on bacteria and viral infections is given. The physical nature of EMF energy is presented, which is based on estimation of EMF energy in the surrounding space using the Poynting vector. A device for creating the energy load of low-frequency EMF is proposed in order to consider its harmful effect on coronavirus strains. The possibility of using disinfection cabins along with alternative methods of disinfection of premises is shown. The proposed use of disinfection cabin in railway transport will allow for safe disinfection of personnel, clothing and materials during mandatory medical examinations of employees and ensure the safety of train traffic. With successful results of the use of disinfection cabins, the procedure can be used to disinfect passenger traffic. The authors consider practical methods and tools for prevention and reduction of the risks of spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in JSC «Russian Railways». It is worth mentioning that with alternative methods of disinfection, there is not always the possibility of a person being in the room, which significantly complicates the disinfection procedure and affects the result.

The vulnerability of individual employees to work schedules with night shifts

Introduction. 15-20% of the working population is engaged in various degrees of night work, which is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. The most significant causes are the duration, frequency, and degree of disruption of the daily rhythm — the length of shift work, the frequency of night shifts, the possibility of short sleep (napping) in the night shift. The age, gender, and chronotype of the employee are most often considered as indicators of vulnerability to night work (VNW), but the effectiveness of using these individual characteristics in predictive models of disease risk during shift work remains unclear. The aim of the study is to use the proposed indicator of VNW to investigate its dependence on age, length of shift work, gender, chronic fatigue, health status, labor intensity and working environment conditions. Material and methods . Two indicators were used: usual fatigue of the employee more when working in the night shift than when working in the day shift (VNW. 1); great fatigue from evening and night work (VNW. 2). The following groups were Studied: 1 group GR1-688 employees of continuous production enterprises and health organizations that use working modes with night shifts; GR2-298 employees of an oil refinery; GR3-679 employees of education and health care; GR4-630 University teachers. Employees were asked about their health status, symptoms of chronic fatigue and its professional and non-professional factors and working conditions. The level of labor intensity of GR1 and GR2 employees was assessed. Was used the annual increase in risk indicator (AIR) to study the age’s and experience’s dynamics of health status (AIR ag and AIR ex ). Was used data on diseases detected during the medical examination of employees of GR1 and GR4. Results. In the first year of shift experience, 50-55% of employees in groups GR1 and GR2 are tired during the night shift, more than during the day. With 2 years of experience, such workers become about 2 times less, then within 10 years the risk of VNW. 1 gradually increases to a level close to the value in the first year of service. Employees of GR1 and GR2 were not found to have any dependence of VNW. 1 from the age range of 25-64 years. In GR4, the V-inverse relationship of VNW. 2 is established from the age. With the same professions at oil refinery VNW. 1 is more often observed in women ((RR=1.17;0.49-2.8). For different health indicators the ratio of AIR ex /AIR ag amounted from 2.4 to 5.0. In GR1 at VNW. 1 an increased risk of chronic infectious diseases has been identified (RR=13.6; 1.67-111.0) and onychomycosis (women — RR=2.45 (2.023.00); men RR=1.49 (0.96-2.30). The V-shaped dependence of the risk of VNW. 1 is established. 1 on the intensity of labor. Conclusions. When working with night shifts, 30-50% of employees are more tired when performing the same work at day shift. These workers do not adapt to night shifts. When working with night shifts, the risk of various chronic health disorders is 2.4-5 times greater than their age trend. Long-term VNW. 1 is one of the signs of the development of chronic fatigue and deterioration of the overall health of the employee. The employee's risk of VNW increases when exposed to a variety of professional and non-professional chronic stressors.

Medical examinations of employees

Medical examinations of employees

DELAY OF PREVENTIVE MEDICAL INSPECTIONS OF EMPLOYEES

The present scientific paper addresses the issue of the impact of selected preventive measures to halt the spread of corona virus on the area of individual employment relationships, especially on the protection of employees' health at work during the postponement of the preventive medical examinations of employees. The authors justify the relevance and the need to carry out preventive medical examinations of employees in real time and within the set deadlines with regard to the primary protection of employees' health. The aim is to analyse the labour law consequences of the suspension and postponement of preventive medical examinations of employees and thus put forth the legal and practical arguments against the implementation of such measure in the form in which it has been adopted. The adopted measure disproportionately interferes with the right to protection of the life and health of the employee at work and causes legal uncertainty for the entities in terms of their responsibilities in employment relations.

The right of a doctor to inform an employer of contraindications to perform a certain type of work by an employee

The aim of this study is to analyze the legal regulations that pertain to the duty of doctor-patient privilege and the possibility of its repeal on the plane to provide information about the patient’s health status to his employer. The material constitutes the current Polish law regulations relating to the medical duty of doctor–patient privilege as well as provisions defining the scope of information on the patient’s health status that may be transferred to a patient’s employer. The doctor has no right to provide the employer with information on contraindications to perform a specific job, if the information was obtained in the mode of providing health services that are not eligible for the catalogue of preliminary/preventive/control examinations. The basis for the doctor providing information to the employer cannot be an exception to the obligation of medical confidentiality, which is governed by art. 40 § 2 pts 1–6 of the Act of Medical Profession, under which cases of admission of professional secrecy were listed, which makes it impossible to use the cited article in cases other than strictly specified in its content. Polish law specifies the circumstances in which it is possible to provide an employer with the medical information on the patient’s health. However, there are regulations that provide for the information on contraindications to perform a certain type of work or job to be transmitted if the information has been obtained in a manner other than as provided in the ordinance on medical examinations of employees. Med Pr 2018;69(6):613–620

CONDUCT OF MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS TO DIAGNOSE THE PATHOLOGY OF THE LIVER AND BILIARY SYSTEM

Objective: to explore the possibility of diagnosis of hepatobiliary pathology at the medical examination of employees. Materials and methods: inspection data, questionnaires, ultrasound of the hepatobiliary system 141 people including 93 women and 48 men, ranging in age from 22 to 74 years were analyzed. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, identification of Helicobacter pylori, biochemical blood analysis (glucose, cholesterol, total bilirubine its fractions, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, fibrinogen), FibroTest, research of a feces on eggs of helminths, Giardia, fecal occult blood were performed when required. Results: the medical examination revealed: GIT (70.2%), hepatic steatosis (24.1%), periportal fibrosis was (17.7%), cholesterols gallbladder (9.2%), gallstones (7.8%), chronic cholecystitis (5.7%), liver cyst (4.9%), hemangioma of the liver (4.3%), gallbladder polyp (2.1%), and comorbidities of the pancreas, upper digestive tube. The pathology observed in individuals of working age. Conclusions: carrying out of additional prophylactic medical examinations improves diagnosis, quality of health interventions without interruption from work.

Relationship of cumulative low-level dose of ionizing radiation on human eye lens and occurrence of cataract

International Commission for Radiological Protection (ICRP), issued a statement on Tissue Reaction, lowering the equivalent dose limit for eye lens for occupational exposure to 20 mSv per year. With a view to determine presence of any relationship between the cumulative low-level occupational radiation dose to the eye lens and occurrence of cataract, departmental records of the annual medical examination of employees of Narora Atomic Power Plant were examined along with the NAPS eye camps and surgical records of the employees. Analysis of the data showed no demonstrable definite relationship between the two. The analysis of the data and the observations are discussed in this paper.

海外における就業上の措置に関する論文調査

In this research, we reviewed studies about assessment of fitness for work and adjustments for health and safety at worksites overseas. We systematically searched PubMed (1980-2010) using keywords related to fitness for work. The collected studies are discussed with respect to the country, timing of medical examinations, health problems of workers, occupations, categories of health level in workers, criteria for assessment of fitness for work, and the decision-making process related to accommodations at work. Seventy articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria. They focused on two key points related to assessing fitness for work: 1) safety and risk to workers themselves, to other workers and the public, and 2) ability to perform in potentially dangerous situations, such as those encountered by the military and firemen. Employers were required to provide reasonable accommodations for disabled or sick workers. The following steps were taken to make accommodation decisions: 1) analysis of job requirements; 2) worker analysis, including evaluation of work limitations or risks related to disabilities or illness; 3) choice of necessary adjustments at work, based on reasonable accommodations decided during talks between the disabled or sick workers and employers, including feasibility, effectiveness, and costs of such adjustments; 4) judgment of fitness for work based on steps 1 to 3, and opinions of specialists in various fields. In this investigation, we could not find any clear criteria for judgments about fitness for work or numerical criteria for adjustments at worksites after medical examinations of employees. However, we confirmed the following. Assessing fitness for work should be based on a comparison of workers' health with the risks and demands of the job. In addition, doctors should have the ability to offer opinions on adjustments at worksites. The employer's obligation to provide reasonable accommodations is attracting more attention in Japan. To make adjustments for health and safety at worksites for all workers, the procedures and important issues must be determined as well as criteria of judgments or numerical criteria. Moreover, doctors should provide opinions about adjustments at worksites. Therefore, they need more training in assessing fitness for work.

Body mass index and health among the working population. Epidemiological data from Belgium

Background: The objective of the study was to investigate the distribution of body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) among the working population in Flanders and the Brussels region of Belgium and the association of BMI with gender, age, occupation, smoking, blood pressure and, more specifically, with sick leave. Methods: Routine data on body height and weight were registered in 1994 in a cross-sectional way at periodical medical examination of employees in various industrial sectors. Results for 59,081 male and 47,414 female workers, aged 18–64 years, were registered on an optical form and stored into a database. Results: Descriptive statistics (mean ± SD) for BMI among males were 25.27 ± 3.92 (median = 24.86) and among females 24.03 ± 4.37 (median = 23.13). BMI was ≧25 in 48.5%, ≧30 in 11.1% and ≧40 in 0.3% of the males. Among females a BMI ≧25 was observed in 31.7%, ≧30 in 9.4% and ≧40 among 0.7%. Significant associations were found with age, occupation, smoking, hypertension and sick leave. In both sexes younger persons, clerical workers, smokers and persons with normal systolic or diastolic blood pressure had the lowest BMIs. More prominent in females, a trend of increasing year prevalence of sick leave with increasing BMI group was found. This association was not confounded by age, occupation or other variables in a logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: The high prevalence of a BMI ≧30, more pronounced in male than in female employees, needs further investigation. In addition, the cross-sectional association with sick leave needs confirmation in prospective studies.

Industrial Insurance: Medical Examination of Employees and Prevention of Sickness Its Proper Foundation

Industrial Insurance: Medical Examination of Employees and Prevention of Sickness Its Proper Foundation