Medical Care For Cancer Patients Research Articles

Cancer incidence and mortality in the Far Eastern Federal District (2013–2022)

The aim of the study was to assess the territorial patterns in cancer incidence and mortality among the population of the Far Eastern Federal District in the period 2013–2022. Material and Methods. Data from official reports of cancer services (form No 35, No. 7) processed using standard cancer statistics programs were presented. Results. In the east of the country, 31,822 new cancer cases were registered in 2022, which was 1.3 % more than in 2021. The average cancer incidence rate in males was 294.06 ± 5.05 per 100,000 (2020: 296.94 ± 4.66), with a decrease rate of 3.0 %. In females, the equivalent rate increased to 240.96 ± 5.73 per 100,000 (2020: 237.92 ± 6.26 per 100,000) with a rise of 6.3 %. Skin cancer was the most common malignancy (11.6 %) followed by trachea, bronchi, lung (11.5 %), breast (11.3 %) and colon (6.3 %) cancers. The percent of actively detected patients increased to 23.2 % (2013: 14.0 %) as did the index of accumulation of contingents – 7.3 (2013: 5.3). The number of patients with stage I–II cancer increased to 57.0 % (2013: 47.5 %), while the number of stage III-IV cancers decreased to 20.8 % (2013: 24.7 %). The number of morphologic studies (94.1 %) was lower than the average for RF (95.8 %). The proportion of patients registered for five or more years decreased to 57.2 % (RF: 58.2 %). The average cancer mortality rate in men was 174.99 ± 3.10 per 100,000 (2020: 181.76 ± 2.51 per 100,000). The average cancer mortality rate in women was lower than in men, being 91.34 ± 1.20 per 100,000 (2020: 93.71 ± 0.80о per 100,000). Cancers of trachea, bronchi and lung (20.0 %), stomach (8.9 %), colon (7.0 %) and breast (6.6 %) were the leading causes of mortality. Conclusion. The low level of active cancer detection did not significantly change the incidence rates during the study period. A greater volume of preventive measures with improvement of their quality will enable the primary health care system to detect cancer at early stages, form groups being at high risk for cancer development and, consequently, to reduce mortality rates. A prerequisite for improving medical care for cancer patients is the continuous training of professional staff and the use of modern diagnostic and treatment technologies.

Vital Sign Monitoring for Cancer Patients Based on Dual-Path Sensor and Divided-Frequency-CNN Model.

Monitoring vital signs is a key part of standard medical care for cancer patients. However, the traditional methods have instability especially when big fluctuations of signals happen, while the deep-learning-based methods lack pertinence to the sensors. A dual-path micro-bend optical fiber sensor and a targeted model based on the Divided-Frequency-CNN (DFC) are developed in this paper to measure the heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR). For each path, features of frequency division based on the mechanism of signal periodicity cooperate with the operation of stable phase extraction to reduce the interference of body movements for monitoring. Then, the DFC model is designed to learn the inner information from the features robustly. Lastly, a weighted strategy is used to estimate the HR and RR via dual paths to increase the anti-interference for errors from one source. The experiments were carried out on the actual clinical data of cancer patients by a hospital. The results show that the proposed method has good performance in error (3.51 (4.51 %) and 2.53 (3.28 %) beats per minute (bpm) for cancer patients with pain and without pain respectively), relevance, and consistency with the values from hospital equipment. Besides, the proposed method significantly improved the ability in the report time interval (30 to 9 min), and mean / confidential interval (3.60/[-22.61,29.81] to -0.64 / [-9.21,7.92] for patients with pain and 1.87 / [-5.49,9.23] to -0.16 / [-6.21,5.89] for patients without pain) compared with our previous work.

A Calculating Model of the Need Radiotherapy Departments with Equipment and Personnel due to an Increase in the Incidence of Cancer

Currently, all over the world, in Russia and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), there continues to be a significant increase in the number of cancer diseases, the mortality rate from which is in second place. Existing models for determining the number of devices and employees of a medical institution are mainly based indirectly and directly on the total population of administrative units. However, against the backdrop of an increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms, it is necessary in the field of providing medical care to the adult population for cancer when determining the equipment parameters of radiotherapy departments to take into account the growing importance of morbidity. This paper presents a model for calculating the quantity of a certain high-tech apparatus, taking into account the incidence of malignant neoplasms as a first approximation in conditions of negligible population growth. Using the example of the radiotherapeutic department of the Yakut Republican dispensary, the initial number of the equipment that satisfies the current needs for medical care for cancer patients of the republic are determined. Based on this an example is made of calculating the number of linear electron accelerators and medical physicists that should be in the department in the near future. The results show that models for calculating equipment and staffing needs need to take into account the increase in cancer incidence.

ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ КРИТЕРИЕВ ОЦЕНКИ КАЧЕСТВА ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ОПУХОЛЕЙ ПИЩЕВОДА И ЖЕЛУДКА

Introduction. Cancer of the stomach and esophagus is one of the most aggressive and common malignant neoplasms in Russia. Surgical treatment is considered as one of the most important stages of complex therapy in this category of patients. Assessment of the quality of medical care for cancer patients is an essential component in the development of modern health care. For a full-fledged analysis, it is possible to use composite criteria (textbook outcomes) – integrative indicators for measuring quality, reflecting the “ideal” outcome of treatment. The purpose of this study was to study the possibility of applying new approaches to assessing the quality and effectiveness of minimally invasive and robotic operations for cancer of the esophagus and stomach. Materials and Methods. Scientific reports were searched using PubMed and the Google keyword system. Time frame 2017-2022 . The results of using a composite quality criterion to determine the effectiveness of the use of surgical intervention in cancer of the esophagus and stomach were evaluated. Particular attention was paid to materials on the effectiveness of minimally invasive and robotic operations. Results. The use of “summing” quality parameters provides new opportunities to determine the effectiveness and safety of new surgical technologies being introduced. A composite criterion (textbook outcome) was successfully used in a comparative analysis when introducing a minimally invasive technology for performing esophagectomy and gastrectomy in patients with malignant neoplasms of the corresponding localizations. The direct relationship between the indicators of composite criteria at the level of medical institutions and the outcomes of antitumor treatment is determined. Conclusions. 1. A multilevel assessment of the applied treatment algorithms and achieved outcomes will ensure significant progress in the development of predictive technologies for choosing effective strategies for individualized therapy for esophageal and gastric cancer. 2. Optimization of the quality control system of the treatment and diagnostic process will improve the efficiency and quality of specialized antitumor treatment.

Molecular mechanisms augmenting resistance to current therapies in clinics among cervical cancer patients.

Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer death (~ 324,000 deaths annually) among women internationally, with 85% of these deaths reported in developing regions, particularly sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered the major driver of CC, and with the availability of the prophylactic vaccine, HPV-associated CC is expected to be eliminated soon. However, female patients with advanced-stage cervical cancer demonstrated a high recurrence rate (50-70%) within two years of completing radiochemotherapy. Currently, 90% of failures in chemotherapy are during the invasion and metastasis of cancers related to drug resistance. Although molecular target therapies have shown promising results in the lab, they have had little success in patients due to the tumor heterogeneity fueling resistance to these therapies and bypass the targeted signaling pathway. The last two decades have seen the emergence of immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, as an effective treatment against metastatic tumors. Unfortunately, only a small subgroup of patients (< 20%) have benefited from this approach, reflecting disease heterogeneity and manifestation with primary or acquired resistance over time. Thus, understanding the mechanisms driving drug resistance in CC could significantly improve the quality of medical care for cancer patients and steer them to accurate, individualized treatment. The rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning has also been a pivotal factor in cancer drug discovery. With the advancement in such technology, cervical cancer screening and diagnosis are expected to become easier. This review will systematically discuss the different tumor-intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms CC cells to adapt to resist current treatments and scheme novel strategies to overcome cancer drug resistance.

Organization of medical care provision for cancer patients (according to the survey of oncologists)

ABSTRACT. The fight against oncological diseases remains one of the priority areas of the health care system of Ukraine. However, the development of medical science, the introduction of innovations in oncology practice, the COVID-19 pandemic and the conditions of wartime necessitate the need to review and improve the process of organizing the provision of oncological care to the population of Ukraine. Aim. The aim of the study is to research the opinion of practicing oncologists regarding certain aspects of the organization of medical care for cancer patients.9 Materials and methods. In the period of August-September 2022, an expert survey of 111 oncologists of the highest and the first qualification categories was conducted. The survey was carried out in 10 regions of Ukraine, which made it possible to cover all regional zones of Ukraine (northern, southern, western, northeastern and central regions of Ukraine). The findings were processed using statistical methods, structural and logical analysis and a systemic approach. Results. Most of the interviewed oncologists are guided in their work by the current standards of diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients on the basis of evidence-based medicine, however, about half of them note the need to review and make changes to it, while the international standards need adaptation to the possibilities of providing oncological care in Ukraine, according to the interviewees. A large number of oncologists need to organize internships, which, in their opinion, should improve the quality of medical services, and also suggest improving and expanding measures aimed at primary prevention and early diagnosis of oncological diseases. Conclusions. The data of the conducted research will contribute to the improvement of the quality of oncological medical care, revision of the standards of diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases. The findings will be used to develop and work out a model for the optimization of the oncology care system for the population of Ukraine.

Consequences of the Corona crisis on outpatient oncological care - a qualitative study among nurses and medical assistants.

IntroductionThe Covid-19 pandemic has caused great personal stress for medical staff. To ensure adequate outpatient care for cancer patients, extensive safety and hygiene measures must be taken. This interview-based study examines the effects–both personal and professional–of the pandemic on the work routine of outpatient hematology/oncology nurses and medical assistants.Patients, materials and methodsHalf a year after the outbreak of Covid-19 and the introduction of infection control regulations in three outpatient hematological/oncological centers, the affected medical staff (n = 15) were surveyed about the consequences for patient care and clinical work using audio-recorded telephone interviews. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe Covid-19 pandemic has complicated the medical care of cancer patients, but only a slight deterioration of medical and psycho-oncological care was observed. The level of stress experienced by medical staff is moderate, with hygiene and safety measures at the workplace helping to reduce stress.ConclusionFrom the point of view of medical staff, the Covid-19 pandemic has had a moderate impact on the outpatient care of cancer patients. Safety measures against Covid-19 are decisive for ensuring the continuation of therapy and for motivating employees.

Assessment of the carcinogenic risk in workers operating diesel-fueled vehicles

Introduction. The strategic goal of healthcare development based on the maximum use of all possible resources is currently the formation of a system that unites medical institutions working within the framework of a single information regulation, a single expert and hygienic control. At the end of the reporting year 2021, the number of patients under dispensary supervision amounted to 3,940,529 people. Of these, the proportion of people of working age is 33.9%. The availability of a developed system of diagnostics and oncological care for the working population should be accompanied by measures to predict the risk of developing oncological pathology. The purpose of the study. To identify the features of assessing the indicator of carcinogenic risk in workers operating vehicles on diesel fuel. Materials and methods. The object of the study is employees of locomotive crews carrying out the transportation process on diesel-fueled locomotives (diesel locomotives), with different service life. The list of pollutants entering the air of the working area is determined in accordance with the “EMEP Manual/EEA on the inventory of emissions of pollutants 1.A.3.c. Railways”. Quantitative indices of the concentration of pollutants were obtained by the calculation method (UPRZA) “Ecologist” (version 4.6.7 “Calculation of dispersion taking into account the development of MRR-2017”). The assessment of the pollution level was carried out in accordance with the SanPiN. 1.2.3685-21 “Hygienic standards and requirements for ensuring the safety and (or) harmlessness of environmental factors for humans”. Reference concentrations are determined in accordance with P 2.1.10.1920-04. The calculation of health loss risk indices was carried out in accordance with the Guidelines No. 2.2.1766-03 dated 06/24/2003 and MP 2.1.9.003-03. Results. Calculations made it possible to determine the amount of pollutants likely to enter the body of employees of locomotive crews operating diesel locomotives with different service life. To establish that the daily dose of pollutants entering the body of workers of locomotive crews operating new locomotives is 7,244 mg/kg, for workers operating diesel locomotives after major repairs 1.1368 mg/kg. Some of the analyzed substances have a carcinogenic effect. The calculation of the carcinogenic risk showed that when working on locomotives with a long service life and undergoing major repairs, the risk is 5.2∙10-3, which indicates that 52 additional cases of cancer per 10,000 employees of locomotive crews are likely to form annually in such a group. When operating new diesel locomotives, the carcinogenic risk is 3.8∙10-3, i.e. 38 additional cases of cancer per 10,000 employees of locomotive crews (1.5 times less). Limitations. Features of calculations of pollutants in the air of the working area for various types of vehicles. Conclusion. The gain in the number of people with oncological pathology, a fairly large proportion of whom are of working age, implies not only the creation of an advanced system of diagnosis and medical care for cancer patients, but also the improvement of measures for predicting the risk of developing oncological pathology. A promising direction for improving the method of assessing the indicator of carcinogenic risk in workers operating diesel-fueled vehicles (railway, automobile, marine) is to take into account the full list of pollutants entering the air of the working area with exhaust gases. Currently, only substances with a predominant mass fraction in emissions are accounted for. At the same time, a complex of heavy metal compounds and poly aromatic hydrocarbons has a carcinogenic effect, which are practically not controlled in the air of the working area due to the complexity of sampling and the high cost of analytical studies. This problem can be solved by using the calculation method, an example of which is given in this paper.

Assessment of prevention and treatment programs efficiency for oncological diseases (on the example of the central Ukraine regions)

Annotation. Oncology remains a global problem for humanity. International efforts to overcome it aim at implementing programs for prevention and early detection of neoplasms. The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the results of the implementation of programs to fight oncological diseases in Ukraine in the period until 2022. We have performed a one-time exploratory and descriptive research by the means of processing the materials of state and targeted regional programs to fight oncological diseases, which were implemented in the regions of the center of the Ukraine (Dnipropetrovsk, Kirovohrad, Poltava, Vinnytsia, Cherkasy regions), and we have assessed the level of their funding and implementation results. The study was conducted on the basis of information provided by the Health Departments of regional state administrations in 2021, as well as data obtained from the websites of these Health Departments. Statistical methods (analysis of relative values, calculation of absolute growth rate), structural-logical analysis and systematic approach were used. The research established that the implementation of programs for the prevention and control of oncological diseases made it possible to achieve positive dynamics of the main indicators of providing oncological care to the population (decrease in the one-year mortality rate, decrease in the neglect rate, increase in the percentage of patients covered by special treatment). However, against the background of positive trends, the level of funding programs in the field of cancer prevention remains insufficient. According to the findings of our research, certain gaps in oncology programs were revealed, namely: insufficient attention to the development of palliative medical care for cancer patients and problems of oncology in children. The obtained data serve as the basis for the development of measures to improve the work of the oncology service in Ukraine.

Research trends and hotspots of breast cancer management during the COVID-19 pandemic: A bibliometric analysis.

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is disrupting routine medical care of cancer patients, including those who have cancer or are undergoing cancer screening. In this study, breast cancer management during the COVID-19 pandemic (BCMP) is reviewed, and the research trends of BCMP are evaluated by quantitative and qualitative evaluation.MethodsIn this study, published studies relating to BCMP from 1 January 2020 to 1 April 2022 were searched from the Web of Science database (WoS). Bibliometric indicators consisted of publications, research hotspots, keywords, authors, journals, institutions, nations, and h-index.ResultsA total of 182 articles investigating BCMP were searched. The United States of America and the University of Rome Tor Vergata were the nation and the institution with the most publications on BCMP. The first three periodicals with leading published BCMP studies were Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, Breast, and In Vivo. Buonomo OC was the most prolific author in this field, publishing nine articles (9/182, 4.94%). The co-keywords analysis of BCMP suggests that the top hotspots and trends in research are screening, surgery, rehabilitation, emotion, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine management of breast cancer during the pandemic. The hotspot words were divided into six clusters, namely, screening for breast cancer patients in the pandemic, breast cancer surgery in the pandemic, recovery of breast cancer patients in the pandemic, motion effect of the outbreak on breast cancer patients, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer patients in the pandemic, and vaccination management for breast cancer patients during a pandemic.ConclusionBCMP has received attention from scholars in many nations over the last 3 years. This study revealed significant contributions to BCMP research by nations, institutions, scholars, and journals. The stratified clustering study provided the current status and future trends of BCMP to help physicians with the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer through the pandemic, and provide a reference for in-depth clinical studies on BCMP.

SY03-3 The role of nurses in the genomic medicine from the viewpoint of CNS in genetics nursing

The establishment of the cancer genome medicine system has given us an opportunity to think about what the relevant specialists should do. In situations where cancer treatments and genomic medicine overlap, multidisciplinary cooperation is very important. In our experience, this leads to supporting the best possible medical care for cancer patients and their families.

Caregiver's perspective on psychosocial issues of paediatric cancer patients during COVID 19 pandemic lockdown.

Key points The unprecedented pandemic crisis has caused serious changes in the medical care for cancer patients, thereby mandating research studies to focus and understand the psychosocial issues faced by paediatric cancer patients during the pandemic lockdown in India.Paediatric cancer patients irrespective of diagnosis and treatment status were assessed for psychosocial issues (N = 103) and distress (n = 74).Caregivers were chosen as the primary respondents except for distress score in order to obtain data with better clarity and comprehension.The data was summarized using descriptive statistics; chi square analysis was adopted to find the association between psychosocial issues and outcome variables; multivariate logistic regression was used to find the predictors of treatment status and distress.Paediatric cancer patients experienced significant physical and psychological issues pertaining to the unprecedented pandemic lockdown and its associated changes with the cancer treatment and interruptions.

Special aspects of medical care for cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic

The biggest challenge for the World Health Organization today is the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. The current situation prompted major adjustments in the system of cancer care. In this review, we investigate the aspects of cancer treatment and care during the pandemic, since in this setting oncological services face challenges in determining the feasibility of anticancer treatments while minimizing the risk of infection. Cancer patients are at a higher risk from COVID-19 disease. Therefore, oncological community is discussing on the priorities for providing cancer therapies and care and at the same time minimizing the risk of infection.

Urologic oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic will have numerous consequences in the management of patients with genitourinary cancers. As we are struggling to best exploit our limited health-care resources in managing COVID-19 infected patients, we need to rethink our approach to provide the best medical care for cancer patients in the time of this global crisis. There is a need for a decision-making algorithm which takes into account the age, presenting symptoms, comorbid illnesses, access to health-care services, and availability of qualified health-care personnel. We must provide support, a clear and comprehensible information along with essential care to the patients seeking medical opinion during a time of this unforeseen global health crisis. In this mini review we have made an attempt to prioritize the necessity of intervention in urological oncology patients as per various national and international guidelines. This approach should be tailored as per locally available health-care resources and the burden of COVID-19 infected cases in that region.

"I Lost My Gift to Him": The Consequences of Female Sexual Dysfunction on Breast Cancer Survivors in Malaysia.

Sexuality is currently neglected in the medical care of cancer patients although female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and sexual problems are highly prevalent among breast cancer patients in Malaysia. This paper explores the consequences of breast cancer and its treatment on the sexuality and sexual health of women with breast cancer using a qualitative design and a phenomenological methodology. Fourteen married women with breast cancer who fulfill the criteria for FSD from Kelantan, Malaysia participated in two interviews: in-depth interview and followed by photo-elicitation interview after two weeks duration. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. We identified overlapping themes that can be explained by sexual script theory. Breast cancer treatments disturb the sex response cycle, leading to changes in sexuality, from intimacy in marriage to women preferring physical affection to intercourse. The women struggled with a perceived imperfection about symbol of femininity after noticing changes in their husbands' sexual performance and after experiencing their own sentiments of inadequacy as a wife. Fear and guilt surfaced as part of the journey, accompanied by frustration on the part of the spouse, or him becoming more attentive. This study highlights the problem of breast cancer and its treatment as regards the sexual well-being of patients and their spouses. Hence, recognizing and addressing sexual health will improve the overall experience for survivors.

CN24 The structure of mortality of patients with malignant neoplasms among the female population in the Andijan region for 2016-2018

Our study of the level and structure of mortality of the population of the Andijan region from malignant neoplasms for the period 2016-2018 will allow us to further develop a plan of measures aimed at improving the organization of medical care for cancer patients and guaranteeing high quality.

Cancer Awareness and Stigma in Rural Assam India: Baseline Survey of the Detect Early and Save Her/Him (DESH) Program.

India has an estimated incidence of more than one million cancers annually. Breast, oral, and cervical cancers account for over one-third of newly diagnosed cases. With the introduction of pilot cancer screening programs in India, little is known about current sociocultural barriers that may hinder acceptance of screening and treatment. We sought to identify knowledge gaps, misconceptions, and stigmas surrounding cancer diagnosis. A baseline survey was conducted in Assam, India, as part of the Detect Early and Save Her/Him program, a mobile screening program for breast, oral, and cervical cancer. Data were collected on participants' cancer knowledge, and attitudes towards screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Of the 923 residents who participated, a large majority (92.9%; n = 858) were neither aware of cancer screening availability nor had prior screening. Low-medium awareness was demonstrated regarding the carcinogenic effects of betel nuts (n = 433, 47%). Only one-third of participants recognized oral ulcers and dysphagia as cancer symptoms. Approximately 10% of respondents had misconceptions about cancer etiologies, and 42-57% endorsed statements reflecting a negative stigma towards cancer, including its long-term detrimental effects on personal, occupational, and familial life. However, the majority (68-96%) agreed with statements endorsing positive community support and medical care for cancer patients. This study identifies actionable targets for intervention in cancer education and awareness within a large rural Indian population. Education to address preventable causes of cancer and to correct misconceptions and stigma is a critical component in ensuring the successful implementation of cancer screening programs.

Роль телемедицины в работе онкологической службы республики Башкортостан

Introduction. The topic of telemedicine in Russia is now extremely relevant in connection with the current coronavirus infection in the pandemic. Diagnostics and prevention of the spread of epidemics, as well as remote treatment of patients, is currently the main task of the telemedicine section of the provision of cancer care in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The spread of the coronavirus infection COVID-19 has become a new challenge and a powerful impetus for the rapid development of telemedicine technologies (TMT) in the Republic. Materials and methods. The article describes in detail the algorithm for conducting telemedicine consultations (TMC) at the level doctor-doctor in the profile oncology upon requests from medical organizations of levels 1, 2, 3 received through the Republican Medical Information and Analytical System of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Results. The results of the work of the Republican clinical oncological dispensary (RСOD) telemedicine service for 2020 are presented. RСOD consultants conducted 32,295 telemedicine consultations on the oncology profile directed by medical organizations of the 2nd and 3rd levels of the Republic of Bashkortostan. With the introduction of TMK into the oncological service of the Republic of Bashkortostan, there was a natural shortening of the examination time for cancer patients. The remote appointment of the necessary examinations one day prior to a full-time visit to a specialized RKOD specialist made it possible to shorten the time frame from the time of establishing an oncological diagnosis to the oncological consultation and the beginning of specialized treatment. Conclusions. The widespread introduction of telemedicine in the work of the oncological service of the Republic of Bashkortostan may turn out to be a powerful tool for providing quality care while maintaining patient safety in a pandemic. The impact of the pandemic could turn teleoncology into the main practice of providing outpatient medical care for cancer patients.

Peptide-Based Strategies for Targeted Tumor Treatment and Imaging.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The development of cancer-specific diagnostic agents and anticancer toxins would improve patient survival. The current and standard types of medical care for cancer patients, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, are not able to treat all cancers. A new treatment strategy utilizing tumor targeting peptides to selectively deliver drugs or applicable active agents to solid tumors is becoming a promising approach. In this review, we discuss the different tumor-homing peptides discovered through combinatorial library screening, as well as native active peptides. The different structure–function relationship data that have been used to improve the peptide’s activity and conjugation strategies are highlighted.

Construction and practice about the fine management of cancer patients during the epidemic of Covid-19

Purpose: This paper explored the construction and practice of the fine management of cancer patients during the Covid-19 outbreak. Methods: To establish the medical groups for the fine management of cancer patients during the Covid-19 outbreak, 6 doctors and 6 backbone nurses were selected from the oncology department since January 28th, 2020. And then the medical needs of cancer patients were obtained through telephone follow-up network. Next, the medical group was further divided and the we-media was used for the fine management of cancer patients based on patients' needs. When the we-media failed to solve problems in some special or emergent situations, a pattern combining hospitals, communities with patients was used to provide continuous medical care for cancer patients. Results: The medical group effectively completed the information collection registration of 198 cancer patients through the telephone follow-up network. The current needs of 198 patients were ranked from high to low, and they were: knowledge of diseases, psychological support, PICC maintenance, complication treatment, medication use instructions, rehabilitation exercise instructions and diet combination methods, respectively. Based on patients' needs, the medical group has carried out the fine management for 198 patients through the following activities: 16 live broadcast, 4 recorded videos, 27 group activities targeted at patients, 48 one-to-one telephone counselling, 1 disease brochure, 1 nutritional diet recipe and 1 list for self-monitoring patients' diseases. During the epidemic outbreak, no death or infection cases were found. Conclusion: The fine management effectively helped meet the urgent needs of cancer patients who sought medical service and treatment during the epidemic outbreak. © 2021 A. CARBONE Editore. All rights reserved.