Medical Action Research Articles

Poisoning with Local Anesthetics Following Circumcision : A Case Report

Introduction: Circumcision or posthectomy is the removal of the foreskin, this act seems commonplace practiced by paramedical personnel or unqualified traditional practitioners who may cause significant complications. Objective: Our work aimed to highlight one of the complications of this act which must remain a supervised medical act. Observation: We report the case of a 2-month-old infant who presented with complications related to anesthesia. the clinic was dominated by convulsions and alteration of the state of consciousness 15 minutes after circumcision in this well infant carrying without any particular history. The evolution was favorable thanks to support rapid and urgent about 20 minutes with the cessation of convulsions and a return to consciousness, the patient was monitored for 48 hours then return home was indicated due to the absence other complications. Conclusion: Circumcision is a widespread act throughout the world either by medical necessity or by religious tradition. its trivialization and its practice by non-experts, explains the multiple complications observed.

Évaluation de l’impact économique et du parcours patient lors du traitement de l’occlusion coronaire totale chronique

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) of coronary arteries is defined as complete absence of antegrade coronary flow without iodine passage, since more than 3 months. Coronary revascularization is a highly resource-intensive angioplasty procedure involving numerous medical devices (MDs). Its consumption and associated costs are not covered by either the medical act classification (CCAM) or the hospitalization fees and additional MD funding. The primary aim of this study is to analyze the financial sustainability of this activity for a public healthcare institution and to assess the budgetary impact of CTO treatment on the most expensive items of expenditure. The secondary aim is to describe the patient's intra-hospital pathway. CTO revascularization stays are categorized under the code 05K06 "Vascular Stents without Myocardial Infarction". Major cost items were identified using national coded expenditure data and compared with those from our cost study. Every CTO intervention from January to November 2021 were retrospectively retrieved. Establishment purchase prices in 2021 were used to determine MD costs. Clinical data were extracted from electronic patient records. Operative data (procedure duration, professionals involved, and MD used) were extracted. Human Resources (HR) costs were integrated into the calculations. A Sankey diagram was created. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. In our study, 41 patients underwent 45 interventions. The median was 65 years. 78% of interventions were successful with a median duration of 113 minutes. 222 different MD references were used, with 27% reimbursed additionally and 73% funded within the homogeneous group of stays (HGS). The total cost of MD described in the coded expenditure data is 2142euro, of which 721euro is funded within the HGS. In our cohort, it represented averages of 2736euro ± 1393euro and 1710euro ± 926euro, respectively. Regarding HR, the total cost described in the coded expenditure data was 442euro compared to 410euro ± 169euro in our cohort. Finally, patient pathway analysis showed an average length of stay (LOS) of 1.8 days. Two pathways were identified depending on admission context: weekday hospitalization or cardiac intensive care. CTO revascularization is a planned intervention with a short LOS and a highly standardized patient pathway. Our study highlights a proliferation of MD references used during CTO revascularization due to innovative industrial developments. The cost differential with coded expenditure data confirms the need for a revision of the procedure and its categorization within an HGS, which is currently non-specific.

Under-Prescription of Drugs in the Elderly Population of Western Romania: An Analysis Based on STOPP/START Version 2 Criteria.

Background/Objectives: Numerous European countries, including Romania, are facing the concern of rapid ageing of their populations. Moreover, Romania's life expectancy ranks among the lowest in the European Union. In light of this, it is imperative that the assessment of medication-related harm be given national priority in order to secure and enhance pharmacotherapy and the medical act. In this study, we sought to describe and evaluate the under-prescribing practices among the Romanian elderly population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in urban areas of two counties in Western Romania (Timis and Arad) from November 2017 to February 2019. We collected chronic electronic prescriptions issued for elderly patients (>65 years old) with chronic conditions. The medication was prescribed by generalist or specialist physicians for periods ranging between 30 and 90 days. To assess inappropriate prescribing behaviours, a multidisciplinary team of specialists applied the Screening Tool of Older Persons' Prescriptions/Screening Tool to Alert to Right Treatment (STOPP/START) v.2 criteria to the collected prescriptions. Results: Within the 1498 prescriptions included in the study, 57% were issued to females, the mean age was 74.1 ± 6.95, and the average number of medicines per prescription was 4.7 ± 1.51. The STOPP criteria most commonly identified were the (1) long treatment duration (23.6%) and (2) prescription of neuroleptics (14.6%) or zopiclone (14.0%) as medications that increase the risk of falls. According to START criteria, the following medicines were under-prescribed: (1) statins (47.4%), (2) beta-blockers (24.5%), (3) antiresorptive therapy (10.0%), and (4) β2-agonists and muscarinic antagonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (4.5%). Within our study group, the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications was 18.58%, whereas the prevalence of potential prescribing omissions was 49.2%. Conclusions: To decrease medication-related harm and morbid-mortality, and to increase the quality of life for elderly people in Romania, immediate actions are needed from national authorities. These actions include reinforcing primary care services, providing periodic training for physicians, implementing medication review services by pharmacists, and utilising electronic health records at their full capacity.

A-186 Patient Safety Rite in Diagnostic Services

Abstract Background Safety rites are well defined in hospitals, but still incipient in diagnostic services. They aim to identify near misses early, promote discussions and improvements with teams related to adverse incidents. This study presents the implementation of the Safety Rite in a large diagnostic service in Brazil, with its challenges and results. Methods Gemba Walk (GW), a practice of the Lean philosophy of checking operation processes, encouraging and collaborating between teams, in addition to identifying opportunities for improvement and enabling immediate decision-making. The laboratory created its own methodology called GW-MDU, which consists of a daily checklist of questions related to processes, efficiency and results. The GW begins with a visit by the leadership, or designated person, to all sectors, answering the checklist and evaluating the need for immediate actions and action plans, with registration in an application (APP). In January 2024, the Patient Quality and Safety System (SGQSP) included questions related to the WHO (World Health Organization) safety goals in the GW: 1. Did patient identification occur without complications/identification failures at all stages of the process? 2. Was there contrast extravasation? 3. Was there allergic reactions? 4. Was there an incorrect or change administration of medication or vaccine? 5. After the end of sedation(anestesia), was there a need to extend the recovery time? 6. Was there a patient fall? 7. Was there a puncture that resulted in a hematoma? 7. Was there an adverse event that required medical action? Every “No” answer to question 1 and “Yes” to questions 2 to 7, the leader must guarantee registration of the QMS, root cause analysis and action plan. After the GW, leadership conducts the Obeya Rite daily, including the Safety Rite, with analysis of the indicators and findings identified during the round.The Safety Rite methodology was tested in a Laboratory Unit where radiology and imaging diagnostic tests, hormonal tests and sample collection for clinical analysis are carried out. After the test, interviews were realized with the leaders to evaluate the application of the Rite. Improvements were implemented and later rolled out to the other Units. Results The Patient Safety Rite was implemented in 646 Laboratory Units, representing 35 brands of the laboratory group. From 12/20/23 to 02/15/24, 18,614 GW were carried out, of this total, for question 1, 82.7% answered “Yes”, 9% answered “No” and 8.3% answered No Applicable. For answers 2 to 7, 1.5% answered “Yes”, 48.2% answered “No” and 50.3% answered Not Applicable. A total of 40.264 incidents were opened in the QMS, 6.4% of which were related to Rite questions. Conclusions The rites consolidate indicators and information, allow the identification of risks and/or events proactively and help define and disseminate corrective actions and improvements in a timely manner to avoid recurrence. However, due to the high rate of “not applicable” responses, we still have challenges and opportunities in implementation, but the correctly used Safety Rite contributes to patient safety.

‘Downhill race for a rainbow jersey’: the epidemiology of injuries in downhill mountain biking at the 2023 UCI cycling world championships—a prospective cohort study of 230 elite cyclists

ObjectivesThis study aims to understand the prevalence, incidence rate, anatomical sites, injury severity and main medical actions carried out during official training and racing by elite downhill mountain biking (DHMTB)...

Ethical Decision Making in a Child with Brain Death

Diagnosing brain death in paediatrics is difficult due to emotional, ethical, and legal weightage. This can easily be resolved in a straightforward case following a series of examinations and investigations to confirm that the condition is irreversible. However, in some cases, consideration of religio-cultural, family preferences, and other contextual factors have to be carefully considered. This is due to challenges in ethical decision making whether to continue the treatment or to set for discontinuation of active management. There should be an emphasis on appropriate communication, resolution of conflicts and also a focus on supporting the family and healthcare providers involved in the care of the patient. This is to avoid misunderstanding of information and allowing continuous discussion on the right way forward. Decision making in a complex situation such as paediatric brain death would require ongoing negotiation based on the best interest and beneficence of the medical actions to avoid ongoing suffering for the patient and his/her family.

The meaning of life in medical action

The meaning of life in medical action

Women’s economic empowerment and intimate partner violence

This study explores the relationship between women’s economic empowerment and intimate partner violence (IPV), measured as women’s hospital visits for assault. Using longitudinal Swedish administrative data, I proxy women’s economic empowerment with a measure of potential relative earnings of married spouses caused by local changes in gender-specific labour demand. The findings reveal that an increase in potential relative earnings increases the probability of women’s hospital visits for injuries caused by assault, and the effect is particularly pronounced for women with low baseline bargaining power. Furthermore, exploiting detailed information on type of hospital visit, diagnosis and medical actions taken at the hospital, I show that the increase in hospital visits for assault is, at least in part, driven by an increase in care-seeking for IPV-related injuries rather than an increase in IPV itself.

Professional Learning in the Workplace: How and Why do Physicians Learn?

Learning in the workplace supports physicians in developing competences to ensure quality medical care. As such, learning in the workplace is essential for physicians’ life-long professional development. Notwithstanding its importance, research on physicians’ learning in the workplace and the corresponding motivational drivers is limited. In this study, 17 semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore experienced physicians’ learning activities and their motivation for learning in the workplace. In addition, it was examined whether differences could be noted in learning in the workplace depending on physicians’ experience, specialism, gender or the type of hospital they work in.Concepts from learning in the workplace and motivation theories, i.e. learning activities in the workplace, self-determination theory and achievement goal theory, guided the data analysis, and an inductive analysis was conducted as well. Results revealed various learning activities for instance but not limited to: learning by asking colleagues for feedback, asking for help while performing particular medical actions, helping students while conducting their assignments or observing colleagues. Besides, the participants indicated different motives for learning. Physicians reported that they are motivated to properly perform their job, they enjoy learning and/or like learning in relation to solving challenging cases. The study shows that participants’ differences in motivation can be related to seniority and the type of hospitals physicians are employed in.

Tinjauan Ketepatan Pengkodean Penyakit pada Rekam Medis Pasien di Rumah Sakit Tk. III Dr. R. Soeharsono Banjarmasin

Medical recorders in assigning disease codes appropriately according to the classification applied in Indonesia use the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10 (ICD-10) guidelines on diseases and medical actions in health services and management so that there are no errors in determining disease diagnoses and actions to be taken to patients. Determination of the diagnosis of the disease and the actions that will be taken to the patient. Based on preliminary studies conducted at the Tk. III Dr. R. Soeharsono Banjarmasin Hospital in January 2023, it was found that there were still incompletely written disease diagnoses and incorrect disease diagnosis codes with ICD-10. The purpose of this study was to determine the completeness of the writing of disease diagnoses and the accuracy of disease coding in patient medical records. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The research design used a cross sectional approach. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling method based on the number of patient medical records on January 2 - January 28, 2023 and obtained 96 patient medical records. Data collection methods using observation and questionnaires. The conclusion is that in 96 patient medical record files at the Tk. III Dr. R. Soeharsono Banjarmasin Hospital there are 12 incomplete diagnoses filled in and there are 3 incorrect disease diagnosis codes, the cause is because the diagnosis coder has never attended training related to coding competence.

Ultrafast Metaphotonic PCR Chip with Near-Perfect Absorber.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the gold standard for nucleic acid amplification and quantification in diverse fields such as life sciences, global health, medicine, agricultural science, forensic science, and environmental science for global sustainability. However, implementing a cost-effective PCR remains challenging for rapid preventive medical action to the widespread pandemic diseases due to the absence of highly efficient and low-cost PCR chip-based POC molecular diagnostics. Here, this work reports an ultrafast metaphotonic PCR chip as a solution of a cost-effective and low-power-consumption POC device for the emerging global challenge of sustainable healthcare. This work designs a near-perfect photonic meta-absorber using ring-shaped titanium nitride to maximize the photothermal effect and realize rapid heating and cooling cycles during the PCR process. This work fabricates a large-area photonic meta-absorber on a 6-inch wafer cost-effectively using simple colloidal lithography. In addition, this work demonstrates 30 thermocycles from 65 (annealing temperature) to 95°C (denaturation temperature) within 3min 15s, achieving an average 16.66°Cs-1 heating rate and 7.77°Cs-1 cooling rate during thermocycling, succeeding rapid metaphotonic PCR. This work believes a metaphotonic PCR chip can be used to create a low-cost, ultrafast molecular diagnostic chip with a meta-absorber.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN RUMAH SAKIT TERHADAP MALPRAKTIK YANG DILAKUKAN TENAGA MEDIS DALAM PERSFEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA

Hospital liability due to negligence or carelessness or in the event of malpractice by medical personnel from a civil perspective really depends on the pattern of legal relations between medical personnel and the hospital, whether the pattern of legal relations is based on employment law relations or legal relations. This really determines the extent to which a hospital can offer medical personnel actions that result in harm to patients in carrying out health services as part of their professional duties. Based on this legal relationship pattern, the hospital's liability can be based on unlawful acts as regulated in Article 1367 at (3) of the Civil Code and/or will be free from liability if the hospital can prove that the relationship pattern of medical personnel with the hospital is based on a lease.

The Importance of Legislation in Emergency Department Care

It is well known that medical care in emergency services is preceded by a series of administrative and social checks in different health institutions; in such a way, that it is apparently designated by factors such as the right to an institution, belonging to a certain area, the hours in which patients come and, above all, the classification of the type of emergency that is attended. However, it is important to clarify and emphasize that above these edges are laws, regulations, procedures and decrees that we will address in this article with the sole purpose of establishing a current, updated and applicable regulatory framework for medical care in health services. emergencies in our country regardless of whether there is a right or designation of care areas, which we believe will help the health professional of this service to carry out his medical act safely and efficiently.

Legal liability of medical personnel and health workers who commit negligence during medical procedures (Normative Study After the Enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 Concerning Health)

Medical personnel and health workers are part of health human resources who are basically tasked with providing health services to service recipients, in this case patients and/or providing the necessary medical measures. Medical personnel and health workers who commit negligence when carrying out their duties legally can be subject to legal liability. Since the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, there have been several important aspects of health law that have changed, one of which is related to legal liability. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct an assessment, especially about legal liability for medical personnel and health workers if they commit negligence when performing medical procedures. The type of research carried out is normative juridical research. The approach taken is a statutory approach and is descriptive analysis. The resources used for secondary data are by processing data from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The data collection tool used is document study (library research) and analyzed by qualitative analysis. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the duties and functions of medical personnel and health workers in carrying out medical actions on patients are mainly to provide health services to patients in the form of promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and/or palliative. Then it is known that the legal responsibility of medical personnel and health workers when committing negligence after the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health is divided into 3 (three) forms, namely administrative liability, namely the temporary deactivation of STR; and/or recommendations for revocation of SIP, civil liability in the form of compensation and criminal liability in the form of imprisonment and fines.

Two thirds of patients may not need routine 12-month specialist review in an epilepsy clinic: A cross-sectional study of clinic appointments

ObjectivesTimely access to specialist outpatient clinics can be difficult to achieve as outpatient services are often oversubscribed leading to unacceptable wait times. New patients, or those with emergent issues may wait for appointments whilst existing patients are booked in for routine reviews “just in case” there is a problem, using considerable clinic resources. We investigated routine 12-month review appointments to assess whether these appointments changed patient management. MethodsThe medical records of 100 randomly selected adult patients attending annual review appointments over 12 months at a publicly-funded specialist outpatient epilepsy clinic in Melbourne, Australia were audited. Demographic and clinical data as well as information about the content of each appointment were analysed to determine whether the appointment resulted in changes to epilepsy management (eg medication change), administrative actions (eg drivers license approval) or the provision of information or education. Logistic regression was performed to assess what clinical factors were associated with changes in patient care arising from the 12-month review appointment. ResultsAlmost half (47%) of appointments resulted in no change to patient care and 37% had only administrative outcomes, such as the completion of a regulatory driving report. Only 16% of appointments resulted in a change in medical management. The only factor that independently predicted a change in medical management was the occurrence of a seizure in the previous year. The only factor independently associated with not having any change in medical management or administrative action was having an unknown seizure type. Conclusions/ significanceOnly a small number of patients experience a change in medical management when attending a 12-month epilepsy clinic appointment, with a need for management change associated with the presence of ongoing seizure. Outpatient services should limit the use of routine annual follow up to those patients most likely to need intervention or support, creating “just in time” capacity for timely access to review as issues arise.

Opinions of Health Professionals about the Management of Vaginal Deliveries: A Qualitative Research

The research aimed to identify the opinions of health professionals working in the field of obstetrics about the management of vaginal deliveries. The research was carried out with 18 health professionals having active duties in vaginal deliveries at a state university hospital in western Turkey. The maximum variation sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used. The research data were collected through information form and structured information form. They were analyzed through the thematic analysis method. Ethic Approval was received. Three main themes were identified about the management of vaginal deliveries in this research. (I) opinions of midwives about the management of vaginal deliveries, (II) opinions of nurses about the management of vaginal deliveries and (III) opinions of doctors about the management of vaginal deliveries. The participants (especially midwives and doctors) stated that they overall viewed themselves as a significant activist in the responsibility for vaginal delivery, and midwives could carry out vaginal deliveries due to the workload and the fact that the pregnant women were followed up by midwives. Midwives and nurses emphasized that delivery was not only a medical action but also brought significant responsibilities requiring active care in pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum. The perspective of health professionals was mainly in the direction of the fact that all midwives, who had sufficient education and skills, could carry out vaginal deliveries independently. They agreed that the team who would carry out the delivery should be given continuous institutional training in terms of theory and practice. It is necessary that active studies should be planned on matter of the fact that especially the nurses and midwives in university hospitals could carry out their independent duties and increase their responsibilities for vaginal deliveries as a part of a team.

Leveraging Generative AI to Accelerate Biocuration of Medical Actions for Rare Disease.

Structured representations of clinical data can support computational analysis of individuals and cohorts, and ontologies representing disease entities and phenotypic abnormalities are now commonly used for translational research. The Medical Action Ontology (MAxO) provides a computational representation of treatments and other actions taken for the clinical management of patients. Currently, manual biocuration is used to assign MAxO terms to rare diseases, enabling clinical management of rare diseases to be described computationally for use in clinical decision support and mechanism discovery. However, it is challenging to scale manual curation to comprehensively capture information about medical actions for the more than 10,000 rare diseases. We present AutoMAxO, a semi-automated workflow that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to streamline MAxO biocuration for rare diseases. AutoMAxO first uses LLMs to retrieve candidate curations from abstracts of relevant publications. Next, the candidate curations are matched to ontology terms from MAxO, Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO), and MONDO disease ontology via a combination of LLMs and post-processing techniques. Finally, the matched terms are presented in a structured form to a human curator for approval. We used this approach to process 4,918 unique medical abstracts and identified annotations for 21 rare genetic diseases, we extracted 18,631 candidate disease-treatment curations, 538 of which were confirmed and transferred to the MAxO annotation dataset. The results of this project underscore the potential of generative AI to accelerate precision medicine by enabling a robust and comprehensive curation of the primary literature to represent information about diseases and procedures in a structured fashion. Although we focused on MAxO in this project, similar approaches could be taken for other biomedical curation tasks.

Remote monitoring of cardiac implantable electronic devices to predict acute clinical decompensation events.

Heart failure (HF) patients are at constant risk of decompensation, and urgent hospital admissions can be life-threatening events. Monitoring biological variables has been proved to be an important mechanism to anticipate decompensations. TriageHF is a validated diagnostic algorithm tool available on Medtronic® cardiac implantable electronic devices that combines physiological data to stratify a patient's risk of HF hospitalization in the following 30 days in low, medium or high risk. We aimed to evaluate the utility of TriageHF algorithm to predict the occurrence of acute clinical decompensation events (ACDE), including HF and non-HF cardiovascular events, within a 30-day period in a population of HF patients with reduced ejection fraction. We reviewed the transmissions received by the Medtronic® Carelink™ Network between August 2022 and July 2023. The heart failure risk status (HFRS) and the device parameters contributing to that risk, from the previous 30 days, were collected, along with the occurrence of ACDEs within 30 days. We retrospectively assessed 207 transmissions from the 64 patients included in the study. Among the 93 medium HFRS transmissions, 16 (17.2%) resulted in ACDEs. For the 21 high HFRS transmissions, 10 (47.6%) resulted in ACDEs. Considering the ACDEs, 60.7% were preceded by an alarm-initiated transmission. Except for heart rate variability, each diagnostic parameter demonstrated effectiveness in stratifying risk for ACDEs. Optivol® and the Combined Heart Rhythm showed independent association with ACDEs (p<.001). Patients with medium and high HFRS were, respectively, 8.6 and 29.1 times more likely to experience an ACDE in the next 30 days than low risk patients. A medium-high HFRS conferred a sensitivity of 92.9% and a NPV of 97.8% for an ACDE. TriageHF is a useful method for predicting ACDEs and has the potential to trigger medical actions to prevent hospitalizations.

Hubungan Kelengkapan Rekam Medis Dengan Keakuratan Kode Typhoid Fever Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Santa Elisabeth Medan

The accuracy of the code is the accuracy in providing codes that are in accordance with the diagnosis of the disease and in accordance with the classification in ICD-10, which is useful to support the services and medical actions provided to patients. Completeness of medical records is the complete filling of medical records properly and correctly for medical services. The purpose of the study was to identify the relationship between the completeness of medical records and the accuracy of the typhoid fever code in hospitalization at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2023. Analytic research design using a cross sectional approach. The population in the study were medical records of typhoid fever patients hospitalized at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2023 as many as 214 medical records, the sample in the study was 66 medical records, the sampling technique was systematic random sampling. The instrument used was a checklist sheet. Data analysis using the Chi-square test. The results of this study obtained completeness of medical records with a complete category of 57 medical records (86.4%), the accuracy of the code with an accurate category of 51 codes (77.3%). Chi-square test results obtained p-value 0.023 (p0.05) indicates that there is a significant relationship between the completeness of medical records and the accuracy of the typhoid fever code inpatient Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan.

K-Nearest Neighbor Method for Early Detection of Diabetes Patients Based on Symptoms and Clinical Data

Diabetes is a chronic disease rarely detected and develops quickly. Diabetes can trigger other chronic diseases such as kidney failure and heart disease. Early detection is necessary to help patients treat diabetes before the disease becomes more severe. Various health examination methods to detect diabetes, but these examinations require medical expert action and cannot be carried out by anyone. In addition, examination costs are often unaffordable. This research aims to apply data mining methods, especially k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), for early detection of diabetes patients based on disease symptoms and patient clinical data. KNN is used to classify patient symptoms and clinical data into two classes, diabetes and non-diabetes, calculating the distance between test data and training data using Euclidean Distance. The research results show that a lower k-value provides a higher accuracy value. However, accuracy at low k-values ​​is insufficient to conclude the performance of KNN for early diabetes detection. High accuracy at low k-values ​​has the potential for overfitting, and the model is not generalizing well. Apart from that, if you use a low k-value, the model only sees patterns from 1 or a few neighbors, which results in the pattern of the data not being captured by the KNN model using a k-value that is too high also risks the model becoming underfitting. The model is too general, which makes the model unreliable. This research made use of the k-fold cross-validation technique to circumvent these issues. It is possible to avoid overfitting in the constructed KNN model by employing this method. The researchers are employing k-fold=10 and k-fold=20 in their investigation. KNN This research carried out this analysis by looking at the accuracy of each iteration of the k and k-fold values. The higher the k-fold value, the more accuracy the KNN produces. Inversely proportional to the k-fold cross-validation value, the higher the k-value in KNN, the decreases the accuracy. The KNN method applied in this research provides an accuracy of 98.2692% with higher precision than recall. These findings suggest that KNN can be an effective and efficient tool for early diabetes detection.