Median Year Of Publication Research Articles

Use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in psychiatry and mental health care: a systematic review.

Tools based on generative artificial intelligence (AI) such as ChatGPT have the potential to transform modern society, including the field of medicine. Due to the prominent role of language in psychiatry, e.g., for diagnostic assessment and psychotherapy, these tools may be particularly useful within this medical field. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on generative AI applications in psychiatry and mental health. We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search was conducted across three databases, and the resulting articles were screened independently by two researchers. The content, themes, and findings of the articles were qualitatively assessed. The search and screening process resulted in the inclusion of 40 studies. The median year of publication was 2023. The themes covered in the articles were mainly mental health and well-being in general - with less emphasis on specific mental disorders (substance use disorder being the most prevalent). The majority of studies were conducted as prompt experiments, with the remaining studies comprising surveys, pilot studies, and case reports. Most studies focused on models that generate language, ChatGPT in particular. Generative AI in psychiatry and mental health is a nascent but quickly expanding field. The literature mainly focuses on applications of ChatGPT, and finds that generative AI performs well, but notes that itis limited by significant safety and ethical concerns. Future research should strive to enhance transparency of methods, use experimental designs, ensure clinical relevance, and involve users/patients in the design phase.

Insomnia and its treatments—trend analysis and publication profile of randomized clinical trials

This study aimed to describe the publication profile of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for insomnia. A systematic review of RCTs regarding interventions for non-comorbid insomnia in adults retrieved 132 RCTs: 58 related to pharmacological treatments, 71 to non-pharmacological treatments, and 3 to both interventions. The treatments with the biggest publication profile were digital CBT-I (dCBT-I) (n = 35), in-person CBT-I (n = 28) and zolpidem (n = 22). Regarding dCBT-I, the median publication year is 2019, with 1.13 ± 1.91 RCTs published per year. Regarding zolpidem, the median publication year is 2008, with 0.71 ± 0.97 RCTs per year. Regarding in-person CBT-I, the median publication year is 2018, with 0.90 ± 1.14 RCTs per year. The majority of the available RCTs are on non-pharmacological interventions, particularly CBT-I (mostly in the 2000s) and dCBT-I (mostly in the last decade), although presenting a reduced methodological quality in comparison to pharmacological interventions. These data suggest an increasing focus on non-pharmacological interventions for insomnia.

Selection Bias Risk in Randomized Controlled Trials Rated as Low Bias Using Risk of Bias, Version 2 (RoB2) Tool.

Our study aimed to establish the risk of selection bias in randomized controlled trials (RCT) that were overall rated as having "low bias" riskaccording to Cochrane's Risk of Bias, version 2 (RoB 2) tool. A systematic literature search of current systematic reviews of RCTs was conducted. From the identified reviews, RCTs with overall "high bias" and "low bias" RoB 2 risk ratings were extracted. All RCTs were statistically tested for selection bias risk. From the test results, true positive, true negative, false positive, or false negative ratings were established, and the false omission rate (FOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed. Subgroup analysis was conducted by computing the negative likelihood ratio (-LR) concerning RoB 2 domain 1 ratings: bias arising from the randomization process. A total of 1070 published RCTs (median publication year: 2018; interquartile range: 2013-2020) were identified and tested.We found that 7.61% of all "low bias" (RoB 2)-rated RCTs were of high selection bias risk (FOR 7.61%; 95% CI: 6.31%-9.14%) and that the likelihood for high selection bias risk in "low bias" (RoB 2 domain 1)-rated RCTs was 6% higher than that for low selection bias risk (-LR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.98-1.15). These findings raise issues about the validity of "low bias" risk ratings using Cochrane's RoB 2 toolas well as about the validity of some of the results from recently published RCTs.Our results also suggest that the likelihood of a "low bias" risk-rated body of clinical evidence being actually bias-free is low, and that generalization based on a limited, pre-specified set of appraisal criteria may not justify a high level of confidence that such evidence reflects the true treatment effect.

Scientometrics Evaluation of Published Scientific Papers on the Use of Proteomics Technologies in Mastitis Research in Ruminants.

The objective of this study was the presentation of quantitative characteristics regarding the scientific content and bibliometric details of the relevant publications. In total, 156 papers were considered. Most papers presented original studies (n = 135), and fewer were reviews (n = 21). Most original articles (n = 101) referred to work involving cattle. Most original articles described work related to the diagnosis (n = 72) or pathogenesis (n = 62) of mastitis. Most original articles included field work (n = 75), whilst fewer included experimental (n = 31) or laboratory (n = 30) work. The tissue assessed most frequently in the studies was milk (n = 59). Milk was assessed more frequently in studies on the diagnosis (61.1% of relevant studies) or pathogenesis (30.6%) of the infection, but mammary tissue was assessed more frequently in studies on the treatment (31.0%). In total, 47 pathogens were included in the studies described; most were Gram-positive bacteria (n = 34). The three bacteria most frequently included in the studies were Staphylococcus aureus (n = 55 articles), Escherichia coli (n = 31) and Streptococcus uberis (n = 19). The proteomics technology employed more often in the respective studies was liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), either on its own (n = 56) or in combination with other technologies (n = 40). The median year of publication of articles involving bioinformatics or LC-MS/MS and bioinformatics was the most recent: 2022. The 156 papers were published in 78 different journals, most frequently in the Journal of Proteomics (n = 16 papers) and the Journal of Dairy Science (n = 12). The median number of cited references in the papers was 48. In the papers, there were 1143 co-authors (mean: 7.3 ± 0.3 co-authors per paper, median: 7, min.-max.: 1-19) and 742 individual authors. Among them, 15 authors had published at least seven papers (max.: 10). Further, there were 218 individual authors who were the first or last authors in the papers. Most papers were submitted for open access (n = 79). The median number of citations received by the 156 papers was 12 (min.-max.: 0-339), and the median yearly number of citations was 2.0 (min.-max.: 0.0-29.5). The h-index of the papers was 33, and the m-index was 2. The increased number of cited references in papers and international collaboration in the respective study were the variables associated with most citations to published papers. This is the first ever scientometrics evaluation of proteomics studies, the results of which highlighted the characteristics of published papers on mastitis and proteomics. The use of proteomics in mastitis research has focused on the elucidation of pathogenesis and diagnosis of the infection; LC-MS/MS has been established as the most frequently used proteomics technology, although the use of bioinformatics has also emerged recently as a useful tool.

Correlation between Quality of Evidence and Number of Citations in Top 100 Cited Hallux Valgus Articles

Abstract Background: The measurement of a scientific article’s impact has frequently relied on the quantity of citations it garners. Analyzing citations can be instrumental in identifying influential work within medical specialties. This study aims to elucidate the metrics and levels of evidence pertaining to articles concerning Hallux valgus. Materials and Methods: This study conducted an extensive review of the 100 most-cited articles concerning “hallux valgus” and “bunion” by performing electronic database searches. Each article underwent a thorough examination, encompassing factors such as the number of citations, publication type, journal specialty, authorship, country of origin, publication year, level of evidence, and total sample size. Results: The citations for the reviewed articles ranged from 68 to 424. These 100 most-cited articles were found across 24 different journals, covering a spectrum from general to more specialized subspecialty journals. Around 45% of these articles were published in Foot & Ankle International. In terms of the level of evidence, the majority of articles (34 of 100) were classified as level V. Additionally, a significant number of articles were categorized as case series (n = 28) and expert opinions (n = 19). The median sample size for experimental studies was 44. Notably, only 3 of the 100 articles qualified as randomized controlled trials. Conclusions: The median year of publication for the most-cited articles, 2003, indicates a requirement for more recent studies investigating hallux valgus. The scarcity of articles with high evidence levels (1 or 2) and the small median sample size highlight the lack of scientifically robust research on hallux valgus. Furthermore, the analysis reveals a weak positive correlation (r = 0.149) between the strength of evidence and the number of citations in the top 100 articles related to hallux valgus.

Proverb comprehension in schizophrenia: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis

BackgroundExamination of proverb comprehension has a long tradition in clinical diagnostics of individuals with schizophrenia (iSCZ). Deficits in the comprehension are considered common. Interpretations of proverbs are traditionally measured by their degree of abstraction and concreteness (‘literalness’), but iSCZ's responses may also be illogical or ‘bizarre’. Experimental research on proverb comprehension starts in the 1940s. Since then, the specificity of proverb tests has often been questioned, but has never been the subject of a meta-analysis. The aim of this meta-analysis is to include all experimental research, including historical studies, that meets quality criteria and compares the responses to proverbs in iSCZ with those in healthy controls (HC) or clinical controls (CC). MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, and PsycInfo databases were searched. After coding 121 articles, 27 (median publication year 1982) were included and multi-level meta-analyses performed. Moderator analyses were performed on response format (multiple-choice vs. verbal responses), proverb test, scoring method, language, acute vs. chronic stage of iSCZ, time of publication, clinical vs. healthy control group, age, IQ/education, and gender. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, trim and fill method and Egger's test. ResultsThe search identified 27 eligible studies for inclusion. Studies were published between 1956 and 2020 and predominantly older than 30 years (median: 1982). The Gorham Proverbs Test was the most established test and predominantly conducted in English. CC mostly consisted of depressive disorders. Pooled estimates yielded statistically significant less abstract (g = −1.00; 95%CI, −1.34 to −1.67), more concrete (g = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.35–1.03), and more bizarre (g = 1.08; 95%CI, 0.74–1.41) responses in iSCZ compared to controls. The type of control group moderated all three effects, with greater differences of iSCZ compared to HC than to CC in abstraction and bizarreness, and no significant group difference between iSCZ and CC in concreteness. Meta-regressions indicated IQ/education and age as possible sources of variability in abstraction and bizarreness. ConclusionsWhile lower abstraction and higher bizarreness seems a characteristic of iSCZ, the diagnostic specificity of a concrete response was astonishingly low. The lack of a unified definition for concretism and limited consideration of cultural diversity contributed to these complex findings. Future research should focus on exploring the qualitative aspects of proverb comprehension and the association between symptomatology types and misinterpretations to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Prevalence and predictors of data and code sharing in the medical and health sciences: systematic review with meta-analysis of individual participant data

ObjectivesTo synthesise research investigating data and code sharing in medicine and health to establish an accurate representation of the prevalence of sharing, how this frequency has changed over time, and...

Free sugars and gingival inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Consumption of free sugars has been associated with chronic non-communicable diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of free-sugar consumption on gingival inflammation using a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the PICO question 'What impact does the restriction of free sugars have on the inflammation of gingival tissue?' Literature review and analyses were based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Controlled clinical studies reporting on free-sugar interventions and gingival inflammation were included. Risk of bias was performed with ROBINS-I and ROB-2, and effect sizes were estimated with robust variance meta-regressions. Of the 1777 primarily identified studies, 1768 were excluded, and 9 studies with 209 participants with gingival inflammation measures were included. Six of these studies reported on the dental plaque scores of 113 participants. Restriction of free sugars, when compared with no such restriction, was associated with statistically significantly improved gingival health scores (standard mean difference [SMD] = -0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.43 to -0.42, p < .004; I2 [heterogeneity] = 46.8) and a trend towards lower dental plaque scores (SMD = -0.61; 95% CI: -1.28 to 0.05, p < .07; I2 = 41.3). The observed improvement of gingival inflammation scores with restricted consumption of free sugar was robust against various statistical imputations. No meta-regression models were feasible because of the limited number of studies. The median publication year was 1982. Risk-of-bias analysis showed a moderate risk in all studies. Restriction of free sugar was shown to be associated with reduced gingival inflammation. The systematic review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD 42020157914).

The Use and Reporting of Cytogenetics in Phase III Multiple Myeloma Clinical Trials

INTRODUCTION Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable neoplasm arising from mature plasma cells in the bone marrow. Different genetic aberrations including translocations and deletions have been described in MM especially involving immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in chromosome 14. Such translocations include t(4;14), t(14;16), and t(14;20) in addition to del13q and del1p32. These events are associated with poor prognosis and are under investigation for novel therapeutic approaches. Identification of these events can be detected by either metaphase cytogenetics or by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). We aimed to study the use and reporting of cytogenetics in phase III clinical trials of MM. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study by retrieving interventional MM phase III clinical trials from clincaltrials.gov. All phase III interventional MM clinical trials were included. NCT number, article title, publication date, initiation year, number of enrolled patients funding source, location, cytogenetics performed, and the percentage of unknown/missing cytogenetics were extracted. Descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Spearman correlation test were used to analyze the data. Statstical analysis was done with SPSS® Statistics. RESULTS Of 271 phase III clinical trials, 101 studies performed cytogenetics testing. Full-text publications with results were available for 87% of those studies (n=88/101). The total number of patients enrolled was 53,411 with a median number of 455 (IQR= 430) per trial. The median publication year was 2017 (IQR= 8) and the median study initiation year was 2011 (IQR=9). del(17p) was the most commonly performed and/or reported cytogenetic abnormality in 93 trials (92%), followed by t(4;14) in 90 trials (89%), t(14;16) in 66 trials (63%), 1q gain in 15 trials (15%), del13q in 14 trials (14%), and t(14;20) in 8 trials (8%). Missing cytogenetics data were reported in 71 trials and a total of 9831 patients with a median of 23.37% (IQR= 38.33%) missing cytogenetic results per trial. [Figure.1] The later the initiation date of the trial significantly correlated with a lower missing cytogenetics percentage (p-value <0.05). The number of enrolled patients, trial location, and funding type did not correlate with missing cytogenetics percentage. CONCLUSIONS Less than half of MM trials reported the use of cytogenetics in testing for enrolled patients. When reported approximately 1 of 4 enrolled patients had an unknown/missing cytogenetics profile. A trend of improvement indicated by lower percentage of missing cytogenetics testing was noted in recently conducted clinical trials. Efforts should be made to minimize missing cytogenetics data in enrolled MM patient in clinical trials. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

100 Disruptive Publications in Breast Cancer Research.

Background:Breast cancer has a rich history of research over the past 75 years. Many studies have had disruptive influences on the field itself. Our study employs a new, validated measurement to determine the most disruptive publications within the field of breast cancer. Materials and Methods:PubMed® database was queried for articles between 1954-2014 related to breast cancer with in 21 different journals deemed important to the field. Articles were then scored for disruption and citation count. The top 100 most disruptive and cited publications were compiled and analyzed. Results:Disruption score was a distinct measurement from citation count and had low level of correlation. Disruptive publications tended to skew older with the median year of publication in 1977. The score identified a variety of study designs and publication types within multiple journals. Conclusions:Measurement of the disruptive quality of a publication is a new way to describe academic impact of a publication and is distinct from citation count. Used in conjunction with citation count in may give a more descriptive bibliometric assessment of the literature. Further exploration within the field of oncology is warranted.

The HIV care cascade in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review of published criteria and definitions.

IntroductionThe HIV care cascade examines the attrition of people living with HIV from diagnosis to the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and suppression of viral replication. We reviewed the literature from sub‐Saharan Africa to assess the definitions used for the different steps in the HIV care cascade.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase and CINAHL for articles published from January 2004 to December 2020. Longitudinal and cross‐sectional studies were included if they reported on at least one step of the UNAIDS 90‐90‐90 cascade or two steps of an extended 7‐step cascade. A step was clearly defined if authors reported definitions for numerator and denominator, including the description of the eligible population and methods of assessment or measurement. The review protocol has been published and registered in Prospero.Results and discussionOverall, 3364 articles were screened, and 82 studies from 19 countries met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were from Southern (38 studies, 34 from South Africa) and East Africa (29 studies). Fifty‐eight studies (71.6%) were longitudinal, with a median follow‐up of three years. The medium number of steps covered out of 7 steps was 3 (interquartile range [IQR] 2 to 4); the median year of publication was 2015 (IQR 2013 to 2019). The number of different definitions for the numerators ranged from four definitions (for step “People living with HIV”) to 21 (step “Viral suppression”). For the denominators, it ranged from three definitions (“Diagnosed and aware of HIV status”) to 14 (“Viral suppression”). Only 12 studies assessed all three of the 90‐90‐90 steps. Most studies used longitudinal data, but denominator–denominator or denominator–numerator linkages over several steps were rare. Also, cascade data are lacking for many countries. Our review covers the academic literature but did not consider other data, such as government reports on the HIV care cascade. Also, it did not examine disengagement and reengagement in care.ConclusionsThe proportions of patients retained at each step of the HIV care cascade cannot be compared between studies, countries and time periods, nor meta‐analysed, due to the many different definitions used for numerators and denominators. There is a need for standardization of methods and definitions.

Trends in the Top-Cited Articles on Classic Psychedelics

ABSTRACT This study was designed to identify trends in the top-cited classic psychedelic publications. The top 50 publications on classic psychedelics with the greatest total of number of citations and annual citation rate were identified and pooled. Unique articles (n = 76) were dichotomized by median year of publication (2010.5); the differential distribution of study characteristics between the “Recent Cohort” (n = 38) and “Older Cohort” (n = 38) were documented. The Recent Cohort had a greater annual citation rate (median 76.0, IQR 38.5 to 101.5) compared to the Older Cohort (median10.0, IQR 5.2 to 19.3, p < .001). The Recent Cohort included a greater number of clinical studies (n = 26 [68.4%] vs. n = 9 [23.7%]) while the Older Cohort included more basic science and preclinical studies (n = 21 [55.3%] vs. n = 2 [5.3%], p < .001). Psilocybin was the predominant psychedelic studied in the Recent Cohort (n = 25 [65.8%] vs. n = 9 [23.7%]) while lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) was predominantly studied in the Older Cohort (n = 25 [65.8%] vs. n = 18 [47.4%], p = .013). The Recent Cohort included more studies examining affective disorders (n = 15 [39.5%] vs. n = 3 [7.9%]) and substance use disorders (n = 6 [15.8%] vs. n = 0 [0.0%]), while the Older Cohort included a greater number of pharmacological outcomes (n = 29 [76.3%] vs. n = 6 [15.8%], p < .001). This study identified and documented trends in the top-cited classic psychedelic publications. The field is continuing to form a foundational understanding of the pharmacological effects of psychedelics and is now advancing with the identification of therapeutic uses within clinical populations.

Mortality of Older Patients Admitted to an ICU: A Systematic Review.

To conduct a systematic review of mortality and factors independently associated with mortality in older patients admitted to ICU. MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and references of included studies. Two reviewers independently selected studies conducted after 2000 evaluating mortality of older patients (≥ 75 yr old) admitted to ICU. General characteristics, mortality rate, and factors independently associated with mortality were extracted independently by two reviewers. Disagreements were solved by discussion within the study team. Because of expected heterogeneity, no meta-analysis was performed. We selected 129 studies (median year of publication, 2015; interquartile range, 2012-2017) including 17 based on a national registry. Most were conducted in Europe and North America. The median number of included patients was 278 (interquartile range, 124-1,068). ICU and in-hospital mortality were most frequently reported with considerable heterogeneity observed across studies that was not explained by study design or location. ICU mortality ranged from 1% to 51%, in-hospital mortality from 10% to 76%, 6-month mortality from 21% to 58%, and 1-year mortality from 33% to 72%. Factors addressed in multivariate analyses were also heterogeneous across studies. Severity score, diagnosis at admission, and use of mechanical ventilation were the independent factors most frequently associated with ICU mortality, whereas age, comorbidities, functional status, and severity score at admission were the independent factors most frequently associated with 3- 6 and 12 months mortality. In this systematic review of older patients admitted to intensive care, we have documented substantial variation in short- and long-term mortality as well as in prognostic factors evaluated. To better understand this variation, we need consistent, high-quality data on pre-ICU conditions, ICU physiology and treatments, structure and system factors, and post-ICU trajectories. These data could inform geriatric care bundles as well as a core data set of prognostic factors to inform patient-centered decision-making.

Mapping the characteristics of meta-analyses of pharmacy services: a systematic review.

Suboptimal meta-analyses with misleading conclusions are frequently published in the health areas, and they can compromise decision making in clinical practice. This systematic review aimed to map the characteristics of published meta-analyses of pharmacy services and their association with the study conclusions. We searched electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, andWeb of Science) to identify published meta-analyses of pharmacy services up to January 2019. Components of meta-analyses were extracted (i.e. studies' metadata; methods used in the systematic review; description of the statistical model used for the meta-analysis; main results; conflict of interest and funding source). The methodological quality was evaluated using the R-AMSTAR tool. A total of 85 meta-analyses were included, with 2016 as the median publication year. Overall, the methodological quality of meta-analyses of pharmacy services was considered suboptimal. Only one-third of authors registered a protocol; complete search strategy and raw data were provided by 55.3% and 9.4% of studies, respectively. Evidence strength (GRADE) was evaluated in only 19.2% of studies. PRISMA and Cochrane recommendations were stated to be followed in 60% and 27.4% of articles, respectively. Around half of studies performed sensitivity analysis, however, the prediction interval was presented by only one meta-analysis. Studies that favoured the pharmacists' interventions poorly discussed the methodological quality and heterogeneity of primary trials. Poor conduction and reporting were observed in meta-analyses of pharmacy services, especially in those that favoured the pharmacist's interventions. Reproducibility and transparency should be rigorously ensured by journal editors and peer-reviewers.

Searching for published protocols of randomized controlled trials in primary health care: an empirical systematic approach.

Electronic search filters on family medicine or general practice studies have been developed and validated in previous work. However, there has been no systematic effort to specifically identify and record protocols of randomized controlled trials (RCT) protocols in primary health care (PHC). The aim of the present study was to systematically identify published RCT protocols in PHC and capture information about specific protocol characteristics that may describe this field. PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus from inception to December 2014 were systematically searched. Protocols of RCTs that were published in English and were relevant to PHC were considered as eligible. Protocols referred either to a mixed population, or to an intervention including a specialized part as well as pilot or feasibility trial protocols, were excluded. Specific protocol characteristics including publication year, country, prospective registration, funding, and publication sources were extracted. The final database included 628 published RCT protocols (median publication year 2011; interquartile range 2009-2013). The majority of protocols were designed in the UK (n=141, 22.5%), the Netherlands (n=105, 16.7%), and USA (n=93, 14.8%). Research was mainly funded by the government (n=408, 65.0%) while 45 protocols (7.2%) included industry as the funding source. Two registries - International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number Registry (245 (42.9%)) and ClinicalTrials.gov (209 (36.6%)) - indexed most of the protocols. Journals from several scientific fields published the articles; the field of 'Primary Health Care Medicine, General and Internal' included 69 (11.0%) articles. A compilation of published RCT protocols on PHC was feasible. The majority of protocols on PHC were published over the past 10 years, funded by the government and designed in three main countries.

1420 A Bibliometric Review of the Top Cited Articles in The History of the Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology

Study Objective Bibliometric analysis can identify impactful articles in a specialty's history as well as highlight areas upon which future research can expand. It has thus garnered interest across multiple specialties. Our purpose was to identify and characterize the most highly cited articles in the history of The Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology (JMIG). Design We used the ISI Web of Science database to identify the most frequently cited articles published in JMIG between the years of 2005, when it was first published, to 2018. The top 100 most frequently cited articles were included in our analysis. The articles were then characterized by publication year, study design, specialty, country of origin, and topic. The topics were subdivided into the following categories: surgical techniques, education, urogynecology, endometriosis, reproductive surgery, abnormal uterine bleeding, leiomyomata, oncology, sterilization, and, surgical complications. Setting N/a Patients or Participants N/a Interventions N/a Measurements and Main Results A total of 2,727 articles were published by JMIG in this time frame. Of the top 100 articles, 47% were observational studies, 11% were new procedures/assays, and 11% were randomized control trials. 57% were from international authors. The most frequently cited topic was surgical techniques (30%), followed by surgical complications (17%) and endometriosis (11%). The mean citation number was 68.94. The median publication year of the top 100 articles was 2008. After 2008, the number of articles on surgical technique decreased (37% vs 26%) whereas the prevalence of those focusing on surgical complications increased (13% to 22%). Conclusion The majority of publications were observational studies, with a strong focus on surgical techniques. The number of articles on this topic decreased slightly after 2008, which also saw an increased focus on surgical complications. This data reiterates the leading role and global impact of JMIG in gynecological surgery.

The 100 Most Cited vs. Most Relevant Articles in the Journal of Neurosurgery: A Bibliometric Analysis.

IntroductionThe Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS) published its first volume in 1944 and has evolved into the top cited journal in the field of neurosurgery. The aim of this study was to determine and characterize the 100 most cited (based on the total number of citations) vs. most relevant (based on the number of citations per year) articles originating in JNS.MethodsThe top 100 most cited articles in JNS were determined by searching the Web of Science database. Citations per year were additionally calculated for the top 1000 articles by total citations to rank the 100 most relevant articles.ResultsThe median number of total citations for the 100 most cited articles in JNS was 505 (range 383-2200), and the median number of citations per year for the 100 most relevant articles was 21.88 (range 17.31-82.61). The median year of publication for the 100 most cited and most relevant articles was 1990 and 1999, respectively (P < 0.0001). Most articles originated in the United States in both categories (72% and 71%, respectively). The most common topic of study was cerebrovascular on both lists, followed by trauma on the most cited list vs. tumor on the most relevant list. The most relevant list also contained considerably more articles with a higher level of evidence such as systemic reviews/meta-analyses and prospective studies.ConclusionsThis study highlights the key contributing factors to the growth and flourishing of JNS. It also reveals several discrepancies between the most cited and most relevant articles, with the latter including more recently published articles, more studies addressing tumor, and more level I/1 (NHMRC/CEBM) evidence. Bibliometric analysis serves as a useful tool for clinicians and researchers to appraise published literature and understand the scientific foundation of modern neurosurgery.

Top-cited articles in the Journal: a bibliometric analysis

The Journal has had a profound influence in nearly 150 years of publishing. A bibliometric analysis, which uses citation analyses to evaluate the impact of articles, can be used to identify the most impactful papers in the Journal's history. The objective was to identify and characterize the top-cited articles published in the Journal since1920. We used the Web of Science and Scopus databases to identify the most frequently cited articles of the Journal from 1920 through 2018. The top 100 articles from each database were included in our analysis. Articles were evaluated for several characteristics including year of publication, article type, topic, open access, and country of origin. Using the Scopus data, we performed an unadjusted categorical analysis to characterize the articles and a 2 time point analysis to compare articles before and after 1995, the median year of publication from each database list. The top 100 articles from each database were included in the analysis. This included 120 total articles: 80 articles listed in both and 20 unique in each database. More than half (52%) were observational studies, 9% were RCTs, and 75% were from US authors. When the post-1995 studies were compared with the articles published before 1995, articles were more frequently cited (median 27 vs 13 citations per year, P < .001), more likely to be randomized (14.0% vs 4.8%, P= .009), and more likely to originate from international authors (33.3% vs 17.5%, P= .045). Slightly more than half of the top-cited papers in the Journal since 1920 were observational studies and three quarters of all papers were from US authors. Compared with top-cited papers before 1995, the Journal's top-cited papers after 1995 were more likely to be randomized and to originate from international authors.

A comprehensive review of exceptional responders to anticancer drugs in the biomedical literature

ImportanceThere is broad interest in patients who have exceptional responses to cancer drugs and only one prior systematic review of published case reports. ObjectiveTo systematically summarise case reports of patients who have had a super response to a cancer drug and determine patterns and completeness of documentation. Design, setting and participantsThis is a systematic search of biomedical literature and hand searches of seven prominent oncology journals. All cases were adults with cancer in the metastatic or unresectable setting and who were classified as having a remarkable response to a drug therapy were included. Our study was conducted between January 2017 and April 2017. Main outcomes and measuresWe extracted patient and tumour characteristics, characteristics surrounding the exceptional response and pertinent oncologic history. Additionally, we noted authors' financial conflicts of interest, if given. ResultsWe found 180 cases of exceptional response. The most common malignancy was breast cancer (28/180), and the most common class of drug therapy used was targeted therapies (161/274). The median year of publication was 2015. Depth of response included 33% (61/180) complete response, 55% (100/180) partial response and 7.7% (14/180) stable disease. The median length of response to the drug was 14 months. Fifty-nine percent (107/180) reported a driver mutation, and only 52% (56/107) reported two or more correlative studies. Only 14% (26/180) reported a denominator or total number treated to observe this response. Of cases that reported duration of response to a previous drug given in the unresectable setting, 49% demonstrated a progression-free survival ratio of exceptional response to prior line of 1.3 or greater (Von Hoff ratio). Conclusions and relevanceOur survey found that exceptional responders tended to have solid organ malignancies and most received targeted therapies. Many of our cases of exceptional responders were missing important information about the response and key oncologic history. Standardised criteria should be used to maximise usefulness of these case reports in the future.

Shared decision-making for prostate cancer screening and treatment: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

Men facing prostate cancer screening and treatment need to make critical and highly preference-sensitive decisions that involve a variety of potential benefits and risks. Shared decision-making (SDM) is considered fundamental for "preference-sensitive" medical decisions and it is guideline-recommended. There is no single definition of SDM however. We systematically reviewed the extent of SDM implementation in interventions to facilitate SDM for prostate cancer screening and treatment. We searched Medline Ovid, Embase (Elsevier), CINHAL (EBSCOHost), The Cochrane Library (Wiley), PsychINFO (EBSCOHost), Scopus, clinicaltrials.gov, ISRCTN registry, the WHO search portal, ohri.ca, opengrey.eu, Google Scholar, and the reference lists of included studies, clinical guidelines and relevant reviews. We also contacted the authors of relevant abstracts without available full text. We included primary peer-reviewed and grey literature of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reported in English, conducted in primary and specialised care, addressing interventions aiming to facilitate SDM for prostate cancer screening and treatment. Two reviewers independently selected studies, appraised interventions and assessed the extent of SDM implementation based on the key features of SDM, namely information exchange, deliberation and implementation. We considered bi-directional deliberation as a central and mandatory component of SDM. We performed a narrative synthesis. Thirty-six RCTs including 19 196 randomised patients met the eligibility criteria; they were mainly conducted in North America (n = 28). The median year of publication was 2008 (1997-2015). Twenty-three RCTs addressed decision-making for screening, twelve for treatment and one for both screening and treatment for prostate cancer. Bi-directional interactions between healthcare providers and patients were verified in 31 RCTs, but only 14 fulfilled the three key SDM features, 14 had at least "deliberation", one had "unclear deliberation" and two had no signs of deliberation. There is significant variation in the extent of SDM implementation among studies addressing SDM for prostate cancer screening and treatment. Further evaluation of these results on patient outcomes, a standardised SDM definition and guidance for an effective implementation in several clinical settings are needed.