Medium Units Research Articles

Analyzing pro-vax discourse during the pandemic: Techno-scientism, elitism, anti-populism

ABSTRACT This article investigates pro-vax discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Expert and political discussions about the pandemic are abundant, commonly focusing on anti-vax and science-skeptic politics and further connecting them with post-truth and populism. However, research on pro-vax discourse remains largely overlooked. The article focuses on the case of Cyprus which received little scholarly attention in the context of the pandemic, especially by political science and media and communication scholarship. Applying discourse analysis to 120 media units that connect the articulations of scientific experts, politicians and journalists, empirical findings show that the discursive management of the pandemic takes place in the name of science, reason and responsibility, with key mechanisms of persuasion being the moralistic and fear-mongering narratives that place the responsibility for the return to normality on individual citizens. This highlights that communication about COVID-19 is not merely about healthcare and science. Rather, it is politicized and disciplinary in nature. The examination of the case of Cyprus alongside existing theories and debates reveals the internationally salient character of discursive features and patterns including the hegemony of techno-scientific objectivism, epistemological elitism and anti-populism.

Development of Writing Learning Materials and Indonesian Language Learning Media Using Ms. Powerpoint for Grade VII UPTD SMP Negeri 2 Pulau Rakyat Year 2023-2024

This research was conducted to produce the development of writing materials and learning media for Indonesian learning using Microsoft PowerPoint for grade VII semester 2 students of SMP Negeri 2 Pulau Rakyat. This type of development research data is in the form of qualitative data and quantitative data. The research used the development model and research and development (R&D) of Borg and Gall. The purpose of this research is the compilation of a learning media product as an effort to develop writing material. In connection with this goal, researchers use seven steps in the development of learning media, namely analysis of teacher and student needs, product development with Microsoft PowerPoint, validation of media experts and material experts and Indonesian teachers, the first stage of revision, field trials, and finally the final stage of revision. The quality of learning media products can be known through the average obtained from the validation results of Indonesian teachers of 95%. The average percentage of the assessment results was 87.18% in the very good category. In addition, the quality of development products can also be known through the results of excellent student feedback. This research product is learning materials and media designed for class VII second semester. This product contains eight Competency Standards which are translated into seventeen Basic Competencies and contained in twelve lessons. The twelve lessons are organized and integrated with one main menu. Each media unit is arranged systematically including, perceptions, competency standards and basic competencies, indicators, materials, sample questions and competency tests in which there are various media arranged simultaneously including, text, audio recordings, video and animation. The results of this study are very relevant to the 2013 curriculum because they are in accordance with the standards of the learning process of interactive, inspiring, fun, creative, challenging and motivating students.

State primary standard of the unit of overpressure in the range of static pressure from 10 to 1600 MPa and in the range of impulse pressure

The necessity and relevance of precision pulse pressure measurements in industry (high-speed technological processes) and transport (existing and new types of engines) is shown. The device, the principle of operation and the result of metrological studies of the State Primary Standard of the unit of overpressure in the range of static pressure from 10 to 1600 MPa and in the range of pulse pressure from 1 to 1200 MPa and the effective area of piston pairs of piston pressure gauges in the range from 0.05 to 1 cm2 GET 43-2022 are presented. The GET 43-2022 includes hydraulic and pneumatic installations, as well as an ultra-high pressure valve designed to compare installations from the GET 43-2022 composition working with different standard fl uids in the range of 250-1200 MPa. The reproduction range of the pulse pressure unit GET 43-2022 is 1-1200 MPa. The method of reproducing the pulse pressure unit in liquid and gas media using hydraulic and pneumatic installations is described. The metrological characteristics of GET 43-2022 are investigated, the budget of measurement uncertainty is calculated when reproducing the pulse pressure unit. The results obtained make it possible to meet the needs of the development of a fl eet of working standards for pulse pressure measuring instruments traceable to GET 43-2022.

Punctuation in Chuvash Media Language

This article raises the question of the need of studying the modern functioning of Chuvash punctuation on the material of the media language. The topic is relevant due to the fact that in the conditions of developing screen culture, journalists influence the mass consciousness intensively, their speech activity makes an impact on the linguistic tastes of society and reflects the main trends in the actual practice of writing. This is clearly seen in the example of such a stylistically and pragmatically significant unit of media speech as an online analytical newspaper headline. Pursuing the intention of persuasion, journalists use expressive punctuation resources in their headline-making, which allows them to enhance the expressiveness of their utterance and encourage Internet users to read the text. The purpose of the work is to identify some common punctuation strategies of network analytical newspaper headlines in Chuvash language. The research material was a card file of analytical materials of the headlines of the online version of The Khypar newspaper for 2017-2021 collected by the author. Relying on an integrated methodology based on the ideas of communicative-pragmatic and psycholinguistic approaches based on the intentional method, the author identified productive punctuation models of the studied titles, revealing the expressive speech-acting potential of Chuvash punctuation. The article presents and characterizes popular punctuation practices of journalists - cases of using a question mark, an exclamation mark, an ellipsis and quotation marks in the header construction. These punctuation tools allow the writer to express an evaluative attitude to the problem being discussed, convey certain emotions, highlight a significant part of the phrase, place semantic accents. The author comes to the conclusion that the study of the functioning of punctuation marks in media texts allows us to shift the focus from the study of punctuation norms to the subject of speech, to his punctuation activity due to specific intentions and communicative situations.

PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PAPAN KOTAK DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI SATUAN BERAT KELAS 2 MIN 2 BANGKALAN

Based on initial data in class 2 MIN 2 Bangkalan, problems were found in learning mathematics in the unit weight material, namely students' lack of understanding due to the absence of learning media, so students were not active, bored and did not even master the material. This factor resulted in low student learning outcomes. By applying a gridboard learning media is an alternative solution to overcome problems in learning mathematics unit weight class 2 MIN 2 Bangkalan. The purpose of this study was to find out 1) the process of using square board media in mathematics lessons on weight units and 2) improving student learning outcomes on weight unit material through the use of square board media.
 The type of research used is classroom action research (CAR), which has 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The research location was MIN 2 Bangkalan, Labang District, Bangakalan Regency which was conducted from February to March 2023. The research used a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques used are tests, observation and documentation. The research instrument was in the form of student learning outcomes test sheets. The subjects of the study were all 2nd grade students for the 2022/2023 academic year, totaling 28 students, consisting of 12 male students and 16
 female students.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Journal homepage: https://ejurnal.univamedan.ac.id/index.php/jkpm/index
 
 
 
 The results showed that the use of blackboard media can improve student learning outcomes that achieve scores above KKM (76) with a percentage of complete learning outcomes, pre-cycle 39.29% with an average score of 66.4, Cycle I 57.14% with an average score of 76 and Cycle 2 100% with an average of 90. Based on the research it can be concluded that learning mathematics in units of weight with the use of media unit weight boxes can be successful, so that it can be
 used as an alternative solution to improve mathematics learning in MIN 2 Bangkalan 

Media Representations of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Migrant Labour in India

An abrupt imposition of a nationwide lockdown certainly resulted in a havoc condition for the migrant communities of India. The concerns of the migrant laborers were extensively covered in the media as an eye-opener. It presented the bitter truth of the poor versus rich class struggle intrinsic to the Indian Society. The paper inspects the situations of the migrant laborers in India during the first lockdown period of COVID-19 as depicted by 3 leading media units namely, Dainik Bhaskar, Times of India, and NDTV. These units were selected using purposive sampling, further the news reported specifically on migrant workers was selected for the time period of the first lockdown in India. NVivo 12 software was used to analyze the data. Sentiment analysis, word tree analysis, and word cloud analysis were performed to understand the issues faced by the migrant workers during the initial phase of lockdown. The findings are presented by means of diagrams and tables. It was found that lockdown had negative experiences for the migrant community.

Killing Efficiency and Full Genome Sequencing of Bacteriophage BAG1 Targeting Endodontic Clinical Strain of Enterococcus faecalis

Objectives: Bacterial biofilms can increase the survival of bacteria through providing resistance to conventional disinfectants as well as antibiotics, thus biofilm considered a serious risk to human health with hug loss. Consequently, novel approaches to deal with bacterial biofilms are required. Viruses that may eradicate bacteria are known as bacteriophages, they are also known as “bacteria eaters.” Due to their activity on bacteria, bacteriophages are distinct from other organisms and do not pose a threat to human. Consequently, they are regarded as secure substitutes for antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections. Aim of the Study: In this study, we report the full genome sequencing of bacteriophage, namely BAG1 that targeting an endodontic clinical strain of Enterococcus faecalis (K3). Furthermore, we evaluate it killing efficiency to eliminate E. faecalis in both planktonic media and dentine slabs. Materials and Methods: We used the previously isolated endodontic E. faecalis clinical strain, namely K3 and enterococcus bacteriophage BAG1 in this study by spotting on the double layer agar technique. DNA extracted proceeded with NORGEN phage DNA isolation kit. Phage full genome sequencing was performed using Illumina nova Seq 600, 150 bp PE. In addition, the killing capacity of BAG1 phage against E. faecalis K3 was measured by infecting 5 × 106 E. faecalis with BAG1 phage at multiplicity of infection of 0.1. Furthermore, the biofilm fraction and the number of E. faecalis colony-forming unit in planktonic media were measured after infecting 24 dentine slabs with K3 bacteria and BAG1 phage. SYTO® 9 green LIVE/DEAD® BacLight Bacterial Viability Kits were used to visualize K3 biofilm on dentine slabs using fluorescent microscope. Results: Full Genome Organization of BAG1 phage was circular composed of 68 open reading frame with GC percentage of 34.56%. An efficient killer reflecting by completely eliminating K3 strain within 180 min in killing test. In addition, the result revealed that BAG1 highly significant to eliminate K3 bacteria in both planktonic broth and biofilm fraction obtained from dentine slabs infection with the endodontic K3 clinical strain. Conclusion: Our results support that anti E. faecalis bacteriophage BAG1 significantly eliminate biofilm of E. faecalis K3 on dentine slabs with a lytic properties due to the absence of lysogenic genes which make it a suitable substitute to adjunctive anti E. faecalis therapy.

Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes For Fourth Grade Students At SD Negeri 0309 Pagaranbira Using Unit Square Media

In the context of square unit media on flat shapes, how the application of square unit media in broad flat shapes learning affects student activities and learning outcomes will be discussed. In particular, this study aims to describe student activities and student learning outcomes using the media unit squared on the flat plane of fourth grade students at SD Negeri 0309 Pagaranbira. The method used in this research is qualitative and descriptive research. The data of this study were obtained from students of SD Negeri 0309 Pagaranbira. The subjects of this study were the fourth grade students of SD Negeri 0309 Pagaranbira, totaling 36 students. Collecting data using observation and tests. Researchers observe student learning activities, and tests are questions that researchers give to students. Data processing uses data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing/validation, and percentages. The results showed that the application of square unit media to student activities in the fourth category of SD Negeri 0309 Pagaranbira in the field of flat shape learning showed that not all of the 12 aspects observed by the researchers could be implemented by students in the wide flat wake learning process. surface. Fourth graders form. Aspects of the learning process that have not been realized include cutting square units, using the formula for the area of ​​a rectangle. The results of the learning test showed as many as 27 students who completed and as many as 6 students who did not complete. From the results of data analysis, it can be seen that the student integrity test has been completed. Referring to the KKM in the school environment, "Every student is said to have completed his studies and achieved a minimum competency score of 70." Teachers are expected to use interesting media to teach and motivate students to complete assignments and learn so that students' activities will be much better.

Transformaton of urban spaces into information age

The article describes the prerequisites that are global in the perception of the context of digital culture which implies a deep reorganization of social relations in time and space. This article analyzes phased development of means of artistic expressiveness in digital format. Several examples of transformation of urban space due to the emergence of media units of urban structure (MEGS) are considered. The importance of the appearance of media units in the structure of the city was noted. The presence of media units allows to change and adapt the urban environment in a variety of ways as the macro level in a smart city and simple local interventions related to specific sections of the city.

DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN LEARNING MEDIA BY USING MICROSOFT POWERPOINT FOR STUDENTS OF CLASS VII SMP NEGERI 2

Learning media has an influence in efforts to increase student learning achievement. The selection of traditional learning media has begun to shift to modern and up-to-date learning media that are more practical, attractive, interesting, creative and innovative. This research was conducted to produce the development of writing materials and learning media for Indonesian language learning using Microsoft PowerPoint for class VII semester 2 students of SMP Negeri 2 Pegajahan. This type of development research data is in the form of qualitative data and quantitative data. The research uses the research and development (R&D) model of Borg and Gall. The purpose of this study is the compilation of a learning media product as an effort to develop writing materials. In connection with this goal, the researcher uses seven steps in developing learning media, namely analyzing the needs of teachers and students, product development with Microsoft PowerPoint, validation of media experts and material experts and language teachers Indonesia, the first phase of revision, field trials, and finally the final revision. The quality of learning media products can be known through the average obtained from the validation results from Indonesian language teachers of 95%. The average percentage of the assessment results is 87.18% with a very good category. In addition, the quality of development products can also be known through the results of excellent student feedback. The product of this research is learning materials and media designed for class VII SMP in the second semester. This product contains eight Competency Standards which are translated into seventeen Basic Competencies and contained in twelve lessons. The twelve lessons are structured and integrated with one main menu. Each media unit is arranged systematically including apperception, competency standards and basic competencies, indicators, materials, sample questions and competency tests in which there are various media that are arranged simultaneously including text, audio recordings, videos and animations. The results of this study are very relevant to the 2013 curriculum because it is in accordance with the standards of the interactive, inspiring, fun, creative, challenging and motivating learning process for students. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness and influence of the use of this media on student achievement.

2022.1372The Effect of Social Media Tools Effectiveness at the Purchasing Process on Consumer Behavior: Mediating Role of the Generations

Purpose-The primary purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between social media tools’ effectiveness at the purchasing process and consumer behavior in social media before and after the purchase. Another important goal is to reveal the mediating role of the generations in the effect of social media tools’ effectiveness at the purchasing process on consumer behavior in social media before and after the purchase. Design/methodology/approach-The data used in the research was obtained through a questionnaire from citizens residing in Antalya city in November 2019. A total of 664 questionnaires were included in the analysis. For the purposes of the study, correlation and hierarchical regression analyzes were performed. Findings-According to the results, it was determined that there is no relationship between social media tools’ effectiveness at the purchasing process and consumer behavior in social media before and after the purchase. While there is not any effect of social media tools’ effectiveness at the purchasing process on consumer behavior in social media before and after the purchase in social media, when the generation variable is included this equation it has been revealed that there is effect. While similar results were found in the marital status variable, no mediating role was observed in the gender variable. Discussion-The results of the study are expected to be beneficial for firms’ social media marketing activities and social media expertise. Businesses on social media should create a social media unit or should work with outsourcing and social media experts to update their social media pages instantly.

Analysis of The Use of Learning Facilities to Improve Science Learning Achievement In MTs AL Jihad Kerasaan of Simalungun Regency South Sumatra

School is an educational institution in charge of meeting the educational goals that have been entrusted through law. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve the educational quality based on students' achievement, which can be carried out through various ways by the stakeholders in the educational institution. The current research was conducted to identify the relationship between the use of learning facilities and science learning achievement. The method applied is descriptive quantitative using questionnaire data and deep interviews. The total population involved is 407 students, of which 186 of them were selected as the research samples using Proportional Stratified Random Sampling technique. Based on the research, it was revealed that there was a positive relationship between the use of learning facilities and science learning achievement, which is indicated by the correlation test of rxy (0.180) > rtab (0.143). Furthermore, the deep interviews showed that students had difficulty in learning science because there were no laboratory facilities for the practicum as well as the limited infocus tools of only two units of audio-visual media. However, the teacher's improvisation in performing the practicum was categorized as quite good. Eventually, it can be summed up that learning facilities are one of the determining factors in improving student achievement. In this case, it is suggested for further research to add other variables to support the improvement of student achievement.

The effect of porosity and number of unit cell on applicability of volume average approach in closed cell porous media

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of volume average which is extensively used for analyzing the heat and fluid flow (both for single-phase and solid/liquid-phase change) in a closed cell porous medium numerically.Design/methodology/approachHeat conduction equations for the solid frame and fluid (or phase change material) are solved for pore scale and volume average approaches. The study mainly focuses on the effect of porosity and the number of porous media unit cell on the agreement between the results of the pore scale and volume average approaches.FindingsIt is observed for the lowest porosity values such as 0.3 and the number of porous media unit cell as 4 in heat transfer direction, the results between two approaches may be questionable for the single-phase fluid. By increasing the number of porous media unit cell in heat transfer direction, the agreement between two approaches becomes better. In general, for high porosity values (such as 0.9) the agreement between the results of two approaches is in the acceptable range both for single-phase and solid/liquid-phase change. Two charts on the applicability of volume average method for single-phase and solid/liquid-phase change are presented.Originality/valueThe authors’ literature survey shows that it is the first time the applicability of volume average which is extensively used for analyzing the heat and fluid flow in a closed cell porous medium is investigated numerically.

Boundary Effects on the Tortuosity and Permeability of Idealized Porous Media

In this work, the tortuosity and the permeability of a porous medium whose geometry is idealized according to two Euclidean spatial dimensions is studied. Unit porous media solid matrices are taken as iterations toward the 2D Sierpinski carpet fractal geometry. Investigated porous media unit arrangements are either fully periodic (FP), or that of a periodic channel (PC), in which unit porous media geometries are infinitely stacked on both orthogonal directions or only in the flow direction inside a walled channel, respectively. A third case called adjusted fully periodic was also proposed as a counterpoint to the formation of the single preferential flow path of the FP case. The flow regime of interest is the Stokes (or creeping) one, and the numerical approach is done using the lattice Boltzmann method on a porous medium unit domain with a preset pressure drop. Moreover, the scale analysis technique is applied to obtain theoretical correlations for the permeability as a function of porous medium properties for the three cases. Good agreement is found between the correlations obtained herein with results available in the literature. A finding is that whenever the channel walls are removed, the PC case correlation recovers the one for FP. Finally, the results suggest a limit value for the iteration of the carpet beyond which the tortuosity and the permeability of the porous channel and the infinitely periodic (unwalled) porous media are equal.

Project-based learning in Media Learning Material Development for Early Childhood Education

This study aims to create and develop teaching materials for early childhood education (PAUD) media units to facilitate learning processes. The teaching materials developed are compiled with a project-based learning approach. The research was conducted on the PAUD media unit in the Early Childhood Islamic Education (PIAUD) undergraduate program at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. This research is following Dick and Carey’s model of Research and Development. The development stage focuses on determining instructional goals, analyzing learning materials, analyzing student abilities in the learning context, determining learning targets, developing instruments, developing project-based learning strategies, and applying them to learning. The results showed that students could develop media in line with learning needs and aspects of children’s development using teaching materials.

Development of novel iron-regulated Pasteurella multocida B: 2 bacterin and refinement of vaccine quality in terms of minimum variation in particle size and distribution vis-a-vis critical level of iron in media

To enhance the qualitative bacterial biomass per unit of media and to overcome the limitations of the existing haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) vaccines, a comprehensive study was undertaken encompassing the role of iron on the bacterial biomass of Pasteurella multocida B: 2 to vaccine development. Trypsin digested hydrochloric acid-treated sheep blood (THSB) as a novel iron rich supplement had been devised for the first time for augmenting the qualitative bacterial biomass per unit of media which was evident with growth kinetic study. The higher recovery of iron from THSB became evident via atomic absorbance spectrophotometry. The critical level of iron in the media as well as mode of iron supplementation showed a major impact on the outer membrane protein profile of P. multocida B:2 and variation in droplet size and particle-size distribution of formulated vaccine. Immune response study against iron-regulated bacterin adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide gel in mouse model showed that 3% THSB supplementation of casein sucrose yeast (CSY) not only augmented the growth of P. multocida B:2 significantly but conferred highest pre-challenged ELISA IgG titer and protection against pasteurellosis. Thus, THSB supplementation of CSY can resolve existing up-scaling and immunogenic potential problems of HS vaccine production.

Viscoelastic surfactant fluids filtration in porous media: A pore‐scale study

AbstractWe investigated the flow of viscoelastic surfactant (VES) solutions, an important type of fracturing fluids for unconventional hydrocarbon recovery, through a diverging–converging microfluidic channel that mimics realistic unit in porous media. Newtonian fluid and viscoelastic hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) solution were used as control groups. We vary Deborah numbers (De) up to 61.2, and found that the flow patterns of HPAM and VES solutions become very different once De ≥ 6.12. This is attributed to different generation mechanisms of viscoelasticity, thus different responses to extensional rates at pore‐throats, for HPAM and VES solutions. It results in significantly smaller pressure drop of VES solutions through the microchannel compared to HPAM solution. It interprets higher filtration loss of VES solution than HPAM in core experiments and in field observations. The set‐up can be generalized as a prototype to effectively evaluate the filtration of fracturing fluids.

Evaluation of the CERTUS Environmental Listeria Species Detection Kit for the Detection of Listeria Species on Environmental Surfaces: AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM 101802.

CERTUS Environmental Listeria species Detection Kit (CERTUS EL Detection Kit) is a real-time, bio-contained assay designed to accurately detect Listeria species (L. grayi, L. innocua, L. ivanovii, L. marthii, L. monocytogenes, L. seeligeri, and L. welshimeri) from environmental surface matrixes using an antibody-coupled magnetic microparticle with a Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) nanoparticle technology test system paired with proprietary CERTUS EL Selective Growth Media and CERTUS Detection Unit. The method was evaluated for AOAC®Performance Tested MethodSM certification. Inclusivity and exclusivity, matrix studies, product consistency and stability were conducted to evaluate the CERTUS EL Detection Kit. In the matrix studies, stainless steel, ceramic tile, plastic (polystyrene) and sealed concrete environmental surfaces (4 × 4" test areas) were tested. No statistically significant differences were found by Probability of Detection analysis (POD) in any of the matrixes when results were compared to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration cultural microbiology reference method for Listeria. The CERTUS EL Detection Kit correctly identified all 50 target Listeria isolates and correctly excluded all 30 non-target strains that were analyzed. Probability of Detection analysis of CERTUS EL Detection Kit robustness, product consistency (lot-to-lot) and stability studies demonstrated no statistically significant differences, and no variation was observed between instruments. The data collected in these studies demonstrate that the CERTUS EL Detection Kit is a reliable method for the rapid and specific detection of Listeria from stainless steel, ceramic tile, plastic (polystyrene) and sealed concrete environmental surfaces.

INVESTIGATING STUDENT’S CRITICAL THINKING DISPOSITION BASED ON GENDER IN PHYSICS TEACHING WITH INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA

Interactive multimedia is able to combine various kinds of representations into one whole media unit. These representations are in the form of visual, auditory, and procedural representations. Interactive multimedia capabilities can directly stimulate the development of students' critical thinking skills. This research has explored the increasing tendency of students to think critically or called critical thinking disposition. In particular, this study compared the increasing levels of critical thinking disposition of male and female students. Field trials employed a quasi-experiment with a pretest and posttest control group design. The subject consisted of 16 male and 16 female students in senior high school at Mataram, Indonesia. The research instrument used description problem that has been adapted to the indicators of critical thinking disposition, namely truth-seeking, open-mindedness, analyticity, systematic, and inquisitiveness. The results indicate that of N-gain research for male students were 35.5 and female 36.4. This shows that the use of interactive multimedia has a positive effect on improving critical thinking disposition in both male and female students.

Multi-scale modeling of the lamellar unit of arterial media

AbstractThe heterogeneity of the lamellar unit (LU) of arterial media plays an important role in the biomechanics of artery. Current two-component (fibrous component and a homogenous matrix) constitutive model is inappropriate for capturing the micro-structural variations in the LU, such as contraction/relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), fragmentation of the elastin layer, and deposition/disruption of the collagen network. In this work, we developed a representative volume element (RVE) model with detailed micro-configurations, i.e., VSMCs at various phenotypes, collagen fibers, and elastin laminate embedded in the ground substance. The fiber architecture was generated based on its volume fraction and orientations. Our multi-scale model demonstrated the relation between the arterial expansion and the micro-structural variation of the lamellar unit. The obtained uniaxial response of the LU was validated against the published experimental data. The load sharing capacity of fibrous component and VSMCs of the LU were obtained. We found that the VSMC could take 30% of the circumferential load when contracted until the collagen fibers were recruited, while this value was less than 2% for the relaxed VSMC. In addition, the contribution of collagen fibers at low stretch levels was negligible but became predominant when straightened in high stretches.Moreover, aging effects by collagen deposition was modeled to estimate the arterial stiffening. It was revealed that the aortic stiffness is mainly controlled by collagen fibers, instead of VSMCs. Our findings could shed some light about the contribution of VSMCs in arterial stiffness which has been under debate in recent years.