Mechanical Properties Of Polymer Concrete Research Articles

Study of Compressive Strength of Concrete Using in the Form of 30% Ceramics and 70% Polymer Crushed Stone as Adhesive

This study was conducted to determine the influence of mechanical properties of polymer concrete by compressive test after the addition of ceramic materials and crushed stone, polymers as adhesives. Polymer paste mixture 1:2 (catalyst:resin). Tests on cube-shaped specimens with dimensions of 15 x 15 x 15 cm are 3 days old. From the test results, it was obtained that the highest compressive strength of concrete BPK30(1) 27.66 Mpa with a test specimen weight of 6,537 kg was found in a mixture of polymer paste with a content of 20% and the lowest compressive strength of polymer concrete was found in a mixture of polymer concrete BPK30(3) with a content of 50% polymer paste with a test specimen weight of 6,506 kg, which was 16.60 Mpa. While BPK30(2) with a resin content of 40% produces concrete compressive strength equal to test specimen 1 of 27.66 Mpa. With a specimen weight of 6,548 kg. From the test results, there was a decrease in the compressive strength value of concrete from BPK30(2) to BPK30(3) by 11.06 Mpa. All samples fall under the classification of heavy concrete of high quality (high strength concrete).

Effect of varied waste concrete ratios on the mechanical properties of polymer concrete

Abstract Polymer concrete (PC) was developed at the end of the 1950s and gained popularity in the 1970s for precast parts, flimsy floor coverings, and repairs. Due to its superior performance over traditional Portland cement concrete, which offers many benefits, including mechanical properties, quick hardening, and durability. In this article, polymeric concrete was made using a mixture of sand and epoxy, and different proportions of sand were replaced with crushed concrete waste. This study found that the ideal ratio between resin and fine aggregate was 23% resin to 77% fine aggregate in terms of the total weight of the combination to get the best dispersion of fine aggregate. Waste concrete replaced 5, 10, 15, and 20% of aggregate in PC, respectively. It was further demonstrated that increased waste concrete aggregate content in PC increased the 28-day compressive strength by 7.7, 13.44, 16.8, and 18.97%, respectively; flexural strength increased by 16.68, 25.32, 37.16, and 47.71% at 28 days’ age; and direct tensile strength was higher than the reference mixture by values of 3.41, 17.21, 23.54, and 30.38% at 28 days age. The findings recommended using recycled fine aggregate on PC and suggested a 20% replacement ratio as an optimum percentage.

Influence of vacuum infiltration on mechanical properties of polymer concrete filled with lightweight ceramic aggregates

In this paper, the influence of vacuum infiltration of lightweight ceramic aggregates as fillers in polymeric concretes was described. In the first stage of the investigation, a set of ceramic aggregates with a high open porosity of about 27% was produced on the basis of industrial wastes. Ceramic aggregates with a size of 2 to 4 mm, hereinafter referred to as granules, were produced using contaminated glass cullet waste and coal shale. The effectiveness of granule infiltration with epoxy resin in the production of polymer concrete with high mechanical strength and relatively low mass compared to traditional concrete was discussed. The compressive strength of polymer concrete, where the aggregates were infiltrated with resin, is 87 MPa, and the polymer concrete, in which the vacuum infiltration process was not used, reaches a compressive strength of approximately 42 MPa. The resulting concrete, due to its density, is classified as a lightweight high-strength concrete.

The Characteristics of Polymer Concrete Reinforced with Polypropylene Fibres Under Axial and Lateral Compression Loads

The use of cement is expected to increase over the years as the infrastructure continues to develop, and the needs to repair or rehabilitate an old and deteriorated building are necessary. However, many investigations have been conducted to establish promising polymer concrete applications in the last few decades. Meanwhile, using concrete in the construction industry has led to environmental issues. It is because relying on cement production in concrete will contribute to about 7% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, polymer concrete was introduced in this study to minimise the use of cement in the industry. This research investigated the influence of different amounts of polypropylene (PP) fibre content on polymer concrete (PC) properties by determining the compressive strength, flexural strength and indirect tensile strength. Furthermore, the results of PC failure characteristics have been discussed. The polymer concrete specimens in this study have been cast into cylinders and prismatic specimens using PVC pipe and plywood formwork to determine the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength. By reinforcing PP fibre in the polymer concrete with a specific percentage of fibre reinforced, the overall strength of the polymer concrete was improved. Based on the compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural test results, it has been hypothesised that the 0.16% PP fibre will considerably improve polymer concrete. Additionally, PP fibre maintains a moisture content of less than 0.5% in the aggregates, resulting in a significant enhancement in the mechanical properties of polymer concrete.

Fatigue Properties and Its Prediction of Polymer Concrete for the Repair of Asphalt Pavements.

Polymer concrete (PC) is considered a promising repair material for asphalt pavement, since it has excellent paving performance and water stability. Although the mechanical properties of PC have been widely researched, the fatigue behavior of PC under traffic loads was still poorly understood. To predict the fatigue life and optimize the material design of PC, the semi-circular bending (SCB) tests were performed, considering different polymer content, sand ratio, aggregate features and stress condition. Two typical polymer materials were applied to prepare PC specimens, including epoxy resin (ER) and polyurethane (PU). The aggregate features were analyzed by the aggregate image measurement system. The mechanical behavior under repeated loads was investigated by the displacement, fatigue life and stiffness modulus. Results show that the flexural strength increases nonlinearly with the increasing polymer content, rapidly at first, and then slowly. The optimized polymer content and sand ratio were respectively 15% and 30%. As the loading number increases, the vertical displacement of PC shows three stages, i.e., undamaged stage, damage development stage, and fatigue failure stage. The stiffness modulus of the specimen is stress-dependent. An empirical model was developed to predict the fatigue life of PC, which can effectively capture the effects of the polymer content, sand ratio and stress level (or nominal stress ratio). It suggests that the fatigue life has a strong correlation with the mixing gradation, and the optimal sand ratio of PC can be determined by the proposed function. Moreover, the effect of aggregate shapes cannot be neglected.

Mechanical properties of reinforced polymer concrete with three types of resin systems

The mechanical properties of polymer concrete (PC) with three types of resin systems were investigated. First, the effect of 0.5 wt% to 3 wt% basalt fibre on the mechanical properties of a quaternary epoxy-based PC was investigated experimentally and the best weight percentage of basalt fibre was obtained. The results showed that adding basalt fibre to the PC caused an enhancement of 10% in compressive strength, 10% in flexural strength, 35% in the splitting tensile strength and 315% in impact strength. In the next step, the effect of nanoclay particles on the mechanical properties of basalt-fibre-reinforced PC was analysed experimentally. Nanoclays increased the compressive strength up to 7%, flexural strength up to 27% and impact strength up to 260% but decreased the tensile strength of the PC. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy was performed to study the fracture surface and morphology of various concrete specimens. In the last step, the effect of two different resin systems (rigid polyurethane and rigid polyurethane foam) on the mechanical properties of the reinforced PC was investigated. The epoxy PC was found to have a higher specific strength than the polyurethane and ultra-lightweight polyurethane foam PC.

Mechanical characteristics of experimental multi-scale steel fiber reinforced polymer concrete and optimization by Taguchi methods

Polymer Concrete (PC) has been widely used in reinforced concrete structures over the past few decades. Despite that, few studies have performed on its mechanical behavior. The present work investigates the PC mechanical behavior. Polymer concrete mixes were prepared and tested with three different polymer content (10%, 15% and 20%) and two filler contents (20% and 30%) and three different content of steel fiber (0.5%, 1% and 2%). In this study used the mix of cement and Micro-Silica as the filler. Afterward, Taguchi method and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to optimize the polymer concrete mix design based on the results of compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength in different percentages of polymer and fiber contents. Non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity test was also performed to estimate the porosity of the specimens. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the interface between the aggregates and the polymer, the microstructure phase and the pores in the polymer concrete structure. Experimental results show that increasing the percentage of polymer content from 10 to 15% improves the mechanical properties of polymer concrete, while increasing this polymer content by up to 20% reduces the mechanical properties of the polymer composite. Based on non-destructive tests (NDT), it was found that increasing the content of cement and micro-silica reduces the porosity of the specimens. Moreover, as the content of steel fibers increases, the ductility and energy absorption of the specimens increase. At the end of this study, two functions were proposed to predict the mechanical properties of PC.

Utjecaj smola na mehanička svojstva polimernog betona

Cement manufacturing is currently responsible for one of the highest levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and energy consumption in construction industry. Thus, the use of sustainable binder materials instead of cement has become a worldwide issue. Previous studies have shown that polymers are a reliable and sustainable alternative to cement in construction, while polymer concretes (PCs) are seen as the biggest alternative to conventional cement concretes in the long term. In this study, the main objective is to investigate the effects of resins, which are used as binder components in polymer concrete, on the mechanical properties of the PCs. To achieve this, ten different orthophthalic unsaturated polyester resins (OUPR) that are commonly used in construction industry are considered, and fresh concrete tests and hardened concrete tests are performed on deck plates prepared with these resins. Based on the analysis results, each resin is given a performance index. The experimental results indicate that the type of resin has a significant impact on mechanical properties of polymer concrete.

On the mechanical characteristics of fiber reinforced polymer concrete

Polymer Concrete (PC) is a composite material made by fully replacing the cement hydrate binders of conventional cement concrete with polymer binders or liquid resins. As expected, the physico-mechanical properties of PC concrete are governed by the composition of the PC mixture. The present study aims to examine the effect of the aggregate type and of the addition of steel fibers on the mechanical properties of PC. In particular, two PC concrete mixtures, using granite or silica aggregates, have been developed and the effect of the addition of steel fibers has been investigated. The PC mixtures are characterized by mechanical tests such as the compression test, the flexural test, the splitting tensile test and the estimation of the energy absorption. The results of this study demonstrate a relative superiority, in terms of mechanical properties, of the PC made with granite aggregates as compared to that of the silica aggregate mixture. Moreover, the addition of steel fibers on PC mixtures showed a significant increase of the compressive toughness, of the splitting tensile and of the flexural strength, whereas the Young

Material-removing machining wastes as a filler of a polymer concrete (industrial chips as a filler of a polymer concrete)

Abstract The paper presents an impact of the addition of industrial machining chips on the mechanical properties of polymer concrete. As an additional filler, six types of industrial waste machining chips were used: steel fine chips, steel medium chips, steel thick chips, aluminium fine chips, aluminium medium chips, and titanium fine chips. During the research, the influence of the addition of chips on the basic parameters of mechanical properties, i.e., tensile strength, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and Young’s modulus, was analyzed. On the basis of the obtained results, conclusions were drawn that the addition of chips from machining causes a decrease in the value of the mechanical properties parameters of the polymer concrete even by 30%. The mechanism of cracking of samples, which were subjected to durability tests, was also explored. In addition, it was found that some chip waste can be used as a substitute for natural fillers during preparation of a mineral cast composition without losing much of the strength parameters.

Influence of doping with styrene-butadiene rubber on dynamic and mechanical properties of polymer concrete

The paper studies the influence of doping polymer concrete with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) on its dynamic and mechanical properties. The research was divided into two stages. First, experimental modal analysis was carried out in the time and frequency domain from 0 to 2000 Hz to elaborate on the dynamic properties of the polymer. The results indicated that the sample with 30% of SBR had the lowest vibration amplitude value, while samples with 20 and 30% SBR had the highest values for the damping ratio. In the second stage, the mechanical properties of the samples were investigated – compression and flexural tests were performed. In both cases, the highest decrease of material strength was noticed for the 30% SBR samples. Although, increasing the amount of rubber granulate (SBR) in the polymer concrete improved the damping ratio and reduced the vibration amplitude. Based on these investigations it is not recommend to dope polymer concrete with more than 20% of SBR by volume.

Effect of catalysts amount on mechanical properties of polymer concrete

Polymer materials are used in different engineering applications because of their excellent engineering properties. The use of these materials in different engineering fields has increased in recent years. It is predicted that polymer materials will be one of the most remarkable and popular engineering materials in the near future because of their unique properties. This paper focuses on Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP), which is one of the main catalysts and investigate its effect on the mechanical properties of Polymer Concrete (PC). The main aims of the study are to understand the mechanical properties of the polymer concrete including different amount of MEKP and to investigate the influence of MEKP on the mechanical characterizations of the PCs. For this purpose, five different samples containing 0.15% (Mixture-1), 0.25% (Mixture-2), 0.35% (Mixture-3), 0.45% (Mixture-4) and 0.55% (Mixture-5) MEKP of the total weight were prepared and some experimental studies were performed on the prepared mixtures. The obtained strength values were discussed and evaluated effect of MEKP on mechanical properties of PCs.

Mechanical Properties of Polymer Concrete Replaced with Powdered Waste Glass

Mechanical Properties of Polymer Concrete Replaced with Powdered Waste Glass

Properties of polymer concrete containing active micro filler of palm oil fuel ash

This paper presents the mechanical properties of polymer concrete (PC) containing active-mobilize micro filler of palm oil fuel ash (POFA). As known fact, the wrong chosen of filler for PC will lead to give poor properties of PC. In this study, the POFA was divided into two types; ground POFA and unground POFA. The fine micro filler of ground POFA was compared with calcium carbonate. While, coarse micro filler of unground POFA was compared with silica sand. Before the micro fillers being to be utilized in PC, the micro fillers were characterized under microstructure examinations; particle size distribution and morphology. Then, the mechanical properties of PC with different micro fillers were investigated under compression, flexural, and splitting tensile test. Further test on the denseness of PCs were carried out under ultra-pulse velocity (UPV) test. From the results, it was found that the PC with ground POFA had superior mechanical properties as compared to others. In conclusion, the ground POFA had active micro filler which functioning to fill the gap and to provide the dense packed structure in PCs.

Mechanical properties of polymer concrete made with jute fabric and waste marble powder at various woven orientations

The use of polymer concrete has been extensively developed over the last few years, and a growing attention is being paid to search for ways to strengthen their innovation processes. The object of this work is the valorization of natural resources, such as vegetable fibers and mineral wastes, to reduce the environmental impact and improve the mechanical properties of polymer concrete. More specifically, this investigation focused on the influences of woven fabric orientation on mechanical properties of polymer concrete laminates.

Influence of flame retardant addition on the durability of epoxy based polymer concrete after exposition to elevated temperature

The use of the resin in the civil engineering applications for repair applications, precast elements, etc., was well-developed in the last decade. Polymer concrete (PC) is strongly prescribed for applications where chemical resistance, strength and stiffness are required.When exposed to high temperatures, PC losses significantly its strengths as a consequence of the matrix degradation mainly. Durability concern after exposure to high temperatures is investigated here. A comparison between the physical and mechanical characteristics of an optimized PC before and after adding flame retardant (FR) is undertaken in this study.Mechanical and ultrasonic propagation waves testing were performed on polymer concrete based on epoxy resin with 6, 9, 13 and 16% of resin show that the higher performances are obtained for polymer content of 13%. Two types of FR, consisting on Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) and aluminium hydroxide (ATH) compounds, are then introduced to this formulation and the three types of concretes were exposed to thermal cycles.Porosity, thermal conductivity and mechanical resistance were measured and their evolution as a function thermal amplitude was studied. It appears that adding ATH improves considerably the mechanical properties of PC vs. Temperature rise. But the second has inversely influence on properties while increasing the effect of temperature.

Effects of adding sisal and glass fibers on the mechanical behaviour of concrete polymer

In this study, we investigated the influence of the addition of sisal and glass fibres on the mechanical properties of polymer concrete (PC). These types of concrete are used in many modern civil engineering applications. The prismatic specimens sized according to ASTM C580-02 were elaborated with a PC constituted by 14% constant mass of polyester resin matrix, a granular skeleton based on sand and powder marble. The reinforcement with 60% sand and 26% marble powder adopted in this investigation is the best formulation found in previous authors work. This composition was reinforced by 1 and 2% of sisal and glass fibres, the first one having lengths of 6 mm or 12 mm, however, the second unidirectional cut into bands. These specimens were subjected to 3-point bending monotonic loading. The results obtained were discussed and compared with those obtained for control beams without fibres reinforcement. It is important to note that the incorporation of the glass fibre contributes to an increase of the ultimate load of the polymer composite material produced, however, the addition of the sisal fibre lead to its decreases. In addition, the incorporation of 2% of sisal fibre having 6 mm length leads to a reduction of 26% of the mass of the specimens.

Effects of adding sisal and glass fibers on the mechanical behaviour of concrete polymer

In this study, we investigated the influence of the addition of sisal and glass fibres on the mechanical properties of polymer concrete (PC). These types of concrete are used in many modern civil engineering applications. The prismatic specimens sized according to ASTM C580-02 were elaborated with a PC constituted by 14% constant mass of polyester resin matrix, a granular skeleton based on sand and powder marble. The reinforcement with 60% sand and 26% marble powder adopted in this investigation is the best formulation found in previous authors work. This composition was reinforced by 1 and 2% of sisal and glass fibres, the first one having lengths of 6 mm or 12 mm, however, the second unidirectional cut into bands. These specimens were subjected to 3-point bending monotonic loading. The results obtained were discussed and compared with those obtained for control beams without fibres reinforcement. It is important to note that the incorporation of the glass fibre contributes to an increase of the ultimate load of the polymer composite material produced, however, the addition of the sisal fibre lead to its decreases. In addition, the incorporation of 2% of sisal fibre having 6 mm length leads to a reduction of 26% of the mass of the specimens.

Study of Mechanical Properties of Polymer Concrete By Manufactured Sand and Orthophthalic Polyester Resins

Study of Mechanical Properties of Polymer Concrete By Manufactured Sand and Orthophthalic Polyester Resins

Optimization of Moulding Technology of Polymer Concrete Used for Manufacture Precision Tool Machine Bases

Aspects of moulding technology have a great effect on the mechanical properties and curing behaviour of polymer concrete used to manufacture the base of precision tool machine. In this paper, the results and the analysis are both presented of an experimental investigation on the effects of moulding technology on polymer concrete (PC) used for manufacture the base of precision tool machine. Effect of voids population on compressive strength of polymer concrete was examined. Various frequencies were applied during the packing operation of the polymer concrete samples using the vibration table. The optimum frequency for vibration and for producing a PC sample with the highest compressive strength was found to be 18.9375 Hz, which resulted in 109 MPa compressive strength for basalt, sand and chalk composition. In addition influence of Dimethyl aniline (DMA) amount and moulding temperature on mixing process and the strength of matrix domain were experimented. The relation between time of viscosity build-up t (min), temperature T (°C) and DMA content C (%) were correlated. This relation was used to obtain the suitable time required for mixing to prevent the mixing while the polymeric binder reach the gelling time through the copolymerization process. Also mixing technology and its influence on mechanical properties of PC were investigated. The optimized mixing technology was reached. Enhancing certain aspects of moulding technology could lead to an elevation of the mechanical strength of PC that may assist in producing polymer concrete with a high level of compliance with the optimisation criteria for PC used in manufacturing bases for precision tool machinery.