Mechanical Properties Of Knitted Fabrics Research Articles

Research of physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics of plush interlooping with reduced material consumption

The article discusses methods for manufacturing lined weave plush knitwear and ways to reduce the material intensity of knitted fabrics. The purpose of the study is to reduce the material consumption of products while maintaining operational, hygienic and aesthetic properties in the production of knitted fabrics. As a result of experimental work, the technological capabilities of the KН-323D flat knitting machine were studied and new types of lined weave plush knitwear were developed. Comparing the bulk density of plush knitwear with elongated lining broaches with the main base weave, it is clear that the presence of elongated lining broaches in the knitwear structure increases the thickness of the knitwear and reduces the bulk density. The breathability of a lined weave plush jersey is significantly less than that of a basic weave. It has been established that air permeability coefficients can be reduced to 33.1% (46.3-66.9 cm3/cm2∙sec) by adjusting the length of the threads of the lining broaches of plush knitted fabric of lined weave. Regression equations are derived to determine the dependence of bulk density, breaking load (along the length and width) and the air permeability index of knitted fabric on technological factors. Mathematical models were built in Excel using regression equations. The research results make it possible to improve the quality and consumer properties of knitted products, and to select advanced production technologies for their production.

Influence of tuck stitches on the physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics

This article discusses ways to develop combined knitwear based on elastic weave. The purpose of the dissertation work is to improve the technology for the production of knitted fabrics with reduced material consumption, which will provide and satisfy the demand of the population with high-quality knitted products that have high performance, hygienic and consumer properties. As a result of the experimental work, the technological capabilities of the modern LIBRA 3.130 flat knitting machine were studied and new types of combined knitwear based on elastic interlock weave were obtained. Regularities of the influence of elements of the structure of knitwear on the parameters and physical and mechanical properties of the fabric of knitwear are established. Comparing the volumetric density of the combined knitwear of different structures, one can be convinced that the presence of rows of satin stitch and a derivative surface in the structure of elastic knitwear not only reduces extensibility and increases dimensional stability, but in some cases reduces the bulk density of knitwear. It has been established that the air permeability coefficients can be reduced to 40% (168.6 - 236.6 cm3/cm2∙sec) for combined knitwear by reducing the length of the thread in the loop. It has been established that a decrease in the surface density of combined knitwear based on elastic and interlock weave can also be achieved by skipping stitches, since this reduces the length of the thread spent on the formation of one loop row. On the basis of a comprehensive comparison, optimal options for new models of knitwear structures with improved physical, mechanical and consumer properties are proposed. Regression equations are derived to determine the dependence of the bulk density of the knitted fabric and the air permeability index on technological factors. The results of the study make it possible to expand the range of knitted products, re-duce the consumption of raw materials per unit of production, as well as improve the quality and consumer proper-ties of the range produced, choose high-quality samples and technologies for their production.

Influence of tuck stitches on the physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of the number of miss stitches and tuck stitches in the knit structure on the technological parameters and physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics. Design/methodology/approach The number of miss stitches and tuck stitches was increased from 3.6% to 8.3%, and the influence of this increase on knitwear properties was analyzed. Findings It was found that an increase from 3.6% to 8.3% leads to a decrease in the stretchability of knitwear in width from 330% to 290% and in length from 112% to 95%. With an increase from 5% to 6.3%, the surface density of knitwear decreases by 11.6 g. And with an increase from 6.3% to 8.3%, the surface density of knitwear decreases by 11.8 g. It was also found that the presence of miss stitches and tuck stitches in the knit structure reduces the material consumption, and the presence of miss stitches increases the shape stability of the knitted fabric. Originality/value It was concluded that the number of miss stitches and tuck stitches has the strongest influence on surface density, followed by volume density.

Study of the mechanical properties of knitted fabrics

In this article results of analyses physical-mechanical properties of 3 new structures of fleecy knitting interloping made by cotton yarn of different linear density at the flat knitting machine TERROT have been offered. The influence of the location of the lining thread on the physical and mechanical properties of the lining knitted fabric in the composition of the newly formed, it turned out the place of their use can be determined by the type of raw material.

Physical-mechanical Properties of Aged Knitted Fabric for Swimsuits

The physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics for sports swimsuits are analysed in this paper. The knitted fabrics were experimentally aged in seawater and exposed to the sun continuously for 100 hours. Data were processed for nine knitted fabrics with the same raw material composition, polyamide and elastane in different proportions. The physical-mechanical properties of all nine samples before and after aging, as well as the drying rate and water absorption capacity, were examined. The results show that the properties of the knitted fabric changed in all samples. The sample with a higher elastane content (59% PA and 41% EL) is less sensitive to changes in mass per unit area and thickness after aging (−0.89% and 0.40%). The results of maximum wetted radius absorption water on the top and bottom of the knitted fabric, spreading speed absorption and drying time are shown. The results show that the values of the maximum wetted radius of absorbed water and the spreading speed increase for all samples, while the drying time for the knitted fabrics show different results.

The Research of the Influence of Deformation Loads Physical and Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabrics

The Research of the Influence of Deformation Loads Physical and Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabrics

Study of physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics

Study of physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics

The Performance of Knitted Fabrics Produced from Cotton/Modal Blended Yarns (Dept.T)

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Effect of Cross Linker Treatment on Dimensional and Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabrics

Effect of Cross Linker Treatment on Dimensional and Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabrics

Prediction of mechanical properties of knitted fabrics under tensile and shear loading: Mesoscale analysis using representative unit cells and its validation

Abstract This article presents a numerical framework to predict the mechanical behavior of knitted fabrics from their discrete structure at the fabric yarn level, i.e., the mesostructure, utilizing the hierarchical multiscale method. Due to the regular distribution of yarn loops in a knitted structure, the homogenization theory for periodic materials can be employed. Thus, instead of considering the whole fabric sample under loading, a significantly less computationally demanding analysis can be done on a repeated unit cell (RUC). This RUC is created based on simple structural parameters of knitted yarn loops and its fabric yarns are assumed to behave transversely isotropic. Nonlinear finite element analyses are performed to determine the stress fields in the RUC under tensile and shear loading. During this analysis, contact friction among yarns is considered as well as the periodic boundary conditions are employed. The macroscopic stresses then can be derived from the stress fields in the RUC by means of the numerical homogenization scheme. The physical fidelity of the proposed framework is shown by the good agreement between the predicted mechanical properties of knitted fabrics and corresponding experimental data.

Performance of Knitted Fabrics Finished with Different Silicone Softeners

Silicone softeners make fabric soft, brilliant, greasy and more elastic, resulting is acceptable handle. In this research work, the effect of using different silicone softeners on pilling resistance and on some physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics was evaluated. Industrially applied silicone softeners of three different types (macro, semi-micro, micro) were used on fabrics knitted from different fiber materials (Egyptian cotton, Tencel LF, Tencel STD, bamboo, Modal and Micro-modal). The influence of using different silicone softeners on fabric pilling resistance, seam hole, air permeability, color strength, fastness to rubbing in wet and dry states and fastness to washing was investigated. Results have shown that the pilling performance of micro-modal fabrics finished with micro silicone is better than those finished with macro silicone. The higher number of fibers per cross-section for the micro modal yarns creates weak bonds between micromodal fibers and macro silicone particles. The macro silicone fabric has the greatest air permeability, while the micro silicone reduces the porosity of the yarn and increases air resistance. The macro silicone softener method has more fastness to color than the other finishing methods investigated.

Effect of Slub Yarn Ratio on Single Jersey Knitted Fabric Properties

Slub yarns are widely used in Single Jersey knitted fabrics to improve their appearance. This research aims to study the influence of slub yarn ratio on physical and mechanical properties of Single Jersey knitted fabric. Ten single jersey knitted fabrics were produced using four different ratios of slub yarns at two levels of ground yarn counts. Physical properties of knitted fabric were measured such as fabric density, thickness, shrinkage, spirality, color properties and thermal comfort properties. Also, mechanical properties of knitted fabric were measured including bursting strength and abrasion resistance. Results showed that increasing percentage of slub yarns used up to 50% improved fabric density, spirality and shrinkage after repeated washing, while the weight loss percent due to abrasion decreased. Fabric thermal resistance increased and air permeability decreased; while there were no significant changes observed in other measured properties.

Comfort and Mechanical Properties of Cotton and Cotton Blended KnittedKhadiFabrics

Main aim of present study was to develop hosiery material for khadi cottage industry. Hand spun cotton and cotton: polyester yarns were utilized to construct knit fabric in manually operated knitting machine. Plain knit and rib knit fabrics (1x1, 2x2) were developed in flat bed cotton hosiery machine of 14 gauge 40 inch. Comfort and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics constructed from hand spun cotton and cotton: polyester yarns were tested by standard procedure. It was found that cotton knitted khadi fabric is more comfortable than cotton: polyester khadi knit with less pilling tendency. On the other hand, strength and abrasion resistance of cotton:polyester khadi fabric is better than cotton knit fabric.

A review of fabric tactile properties and their subjective assessment for next-to-skin knitted fabrics

A review of studies is presented in the evaluation of fabric tactile properties with a focus on knitted fabrics and developments since the mid-1990s in particular. The fundamental differences in structure between woven and knitted fabrics are highlighted with their consequent different fabric tactile properties. Considering the difficulties in measuring the physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics by using currently available instruments such as KESF and FAST systems, alternative measurement technologies are reviewed such as fabric extraction methods using a ring, orifice or a series of metal pins, which are more suited to the measurement of knitted fabrics. These methods have potential for the evaluation of knitted fabrics, particularly for next-to-skin wear. Recent developments in haptic perception are outlined. These developments may facilitate the development of psychophysical stimulus-response models in order to improve the prediction of fabric tactile properties from instrumental measurements. Results are discussed of a survey of tactile assessments of next-to-skin knitted fabrics and a multivariate analysis of these data and a system for the prediction of subjective fabric attributes based on the PhabrOmeter are foreshadowed.

니트의 편성조직에 따른 물성 평가

This study analyzed the effects of the knit stitch type, fiber composition, and yarn thickness on the mechanical properties of knitted fabric. The results were as follows: The course density was the highest in the case of the rib stitch. On the other hand, the wale density was the highest in the case of the float stitch. The thickness was the highest in the case of the rib stitch. The same results were obtained even for different fiber compositions and yarn thicknesses considered in this study. The burst strength of wool knit fabric was higher than that of A/W knit fabric. The stiffness was the lowest in the case of the plain stitch. The same results were obtained even for different fiber compositions and yarn thicknesses. The pilling properties were excellent for all knit stitches, fiber composition, and yarn thicknesses as pilling degree : 5. The air permeability decreased in the following order : rib > plain > float stitch. The same results were obtained even for different fiber compositions and yarn thicknesses. The heat retention rate decreased in the following order : rib > float > plain stitch. The same results were obtained even for different fiber compositions and yarn thicknesses.

Interaction of textile parameters, wash-ageing and fabric softener with mechanical properties of knitted fabrics and correlation with textile-hand. I. Interaction of textile parameters with laundry process

This is a study of the influence of repeated laundering and the use of fabric softener in the context of mechanical properties of fabrics with respect to textile parameters. In the large competitive market of fabric softener, the fabric softener producers claim benefits for fabric hand as well as the mechanical properties of textiles. The main aim of this study is to investigate the influence of ageing and the use of fabric softener on the mechanical properties of textiles during their cradle to grave life with respect to fibre type, fibre fineness, knitting construction and number of wash cycles. The low stress mechanical properties were evaluated by means of the Kawabata Evaluation system for fabric (KES-F) and Universal Surface Tester (UST). The tensile, shear, bending, compression and surface properties and changes in these parameters due to wash-ageing and the use of fabric softener during laundry were evaluated. These mechanical properties or combinations of them are the deciding factors for comfort aspects of apparel during wear. Hence, these mechanical properties need to be correlated with the sensory attributes. In Part I, we examine the change in mechanical parameters due to wash-ageing and the use of softener, while Part II deals with Fuzzy-Logic modelling to correlate these mechanical parameters with sensory attributes.

Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabrics under Uniaxial and Strip Biaxial Extensions as Estimated by a "Linearizing Method"

Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabrics under Uniaxial and Strip Biaxial Extensions as Estimated by a "Linearizing Method"

Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabrics Under Uniaxial and Strip Biaxial Extension as Estimated by a Linearizing Method

To check the application limit of the "linearizing method" by Kawabata et al. to fabrics, four knitted fabrics are used to study the deformation mode under strip biaxial extension (corresponding to uniaxial extension with the fixed dimension in the direction perpendic ular to stretching). More detailed analysis than their treatment is proposed to check the application limit in terms of Hook's law. The treatment is done in the rectangular coordinate system rotated by an arbitrary angle 0 from the coordinate system along the principal structural axis direction. Of the four knits, two are chosen mainly to pursue a detailed analysis of the application limit. One is a typical knit with simple symmetrical deformation of threads, and the other has a more complicated deformation. For the first, the predicted results of load (stress) versus strain associated with Hook's law agree well with the experimental results, while for the latter fabric, the results are poor. The same tendency is also confirmed for the uniaxial deformation mode with the dimension free in the direction perpendicular to stretching. Good agreement for the different extension modes is due to the symmetrical mechanical properties of the former fabric, while the poor agreement is due to the strong nonlinearity and considerable mechanical anisotropy of the latter fabric.

Total handle evaluation from selected mechanical properties of knitted fabrics using neural network

This paper concentrated on the objective evaluation of total hand value in knitted fabrics using the theory of neural networks and the comparison of two methods. For the objective evaluation of overall hand feeling in knitted fabric, 47 kinds of weft‐knitted and warp‐knitted fabrics were manufactured. The optimum construction of neural networks was investigated through the change of layer and neuron number. For the comparison of the two methods, a subjective test was carried out. Two techniques, KES‐FB system and neural network applied simulator, were compared using nine randomly selected knitted fabrics. These fabrics were used to show that the neural network adapted simulation method was in good agreement with subjective test results.

Design of Knitted Fabric Reinforced Composites

The authors focused on designing the mechanical properties of knitted fabrics as reinforcement and knitted structural composites, including warp knit and weft knit. Tlwo parts are described in this paper: one is the design of the deformed state of knitted fabric as the reinforcement in knitted structural composites; the other is the concept of design of parameters which influence the mechanical properties of knitted structural composites.