Mechanical Properties Of Composite Panels Research Articles

The Effect of Comparison of Polypropylene Plastic Waste Composition and Paper Sludge On Fiber Reinforced Composite Panels of Sugarcane Bags on Mechanical Properties

Indonesia's landfills contain 15% of plastic waste. Of the total plastic waste, some are recycled and stored in the TPA. The remaining unmanaged will be wasted into the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize waste so that it does not damage the environment, for example the use of waste into composite boards. Composite board made from polypropylene plastic wastepaper sludge and bagasse fiber. This study aims to see the effect of the composition of polypropylene plastic waste and the effect of paper sludge composition on the mechanical properties of composite panels. Composites are made using the hand lay-up method. The compositions used varied, namely 60% polypropylene plastic waste: 40% paper sludge, 50% polypropylene plastic waste: 50% paper sludge, 40% polypropylene plastic waste: 60% paper sludge with 2% bagasse fiber. Based on the results of research on the composition of polypropylene plastic waste of 60% and paper sludge composition of 40%, the highest tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness values were 11.86 N/mm2, 21.54 MPa and 6.33 HV. And the composition of plastic waste polypropylene by 40% and composition of paper sludge by 60% obtained the lowest tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness of 1.23 N/mm2, 9.77 MPa and 4.53 HV. From this study, it can be concluded that if the composition of polypropylene plastic waste is used more and more and the composition of paper sludge used is less, the value of mechanical properties will be higher. The value of the mechanical properties produced has met SNI

Assessment of Thermophysical and Mechanical Properties of Composite Panels Fabricated from Untreated and Treated Coconut Husk Particles for Structural Application

Large quantities of coconut husks generated are under-utilized. In developing countries, this situation warrants their disposal by open burning or indiscriminate dumping. Either practice adversely affects the environment and public health. In this study, test samples were fabricated from untreated coconut husk particles (UCP) at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% weight proportions with treated coconut husk particles (TCP) using epoxy resin as binder. Five representative samples were prepared per formulation and then subjected to various intended tests. The test results revealed water absorption, bulk density, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, nailability, flexural strength, and compressive strength to be (24.88 ± 0.04) %, (459.78 ± 0.05) kgm-3, (0.0867 ± 0.0001) Wm-1K-1, (1573.76 ± 1.14) Jkg-1K-1, (1.198 ± 0.002) x 10-7 m2s-1, (100.0 ± 0.0) %, (11.94 ± 0.03) N/mm2, and (22.86 ± 0.04) N/mm2 respectively for the control sample with UCP content. Also, the respective values of the properties were (29.05 ± 0.06) %, (583.87 ± 0.05) kgm-3, (0.1009 ± 0.0002) Wm-1K-1, (1402.66 ± 1.45) Jkg-1K-1, (1.232 ± 0.004) x 10-7 m2s-1, (100.0 ± 0.0) %, (14.58 ± 0.03) N/mm2, and (33.27 ± 0.02) N/mm2 for the counterpart sample containing the TCP. All the samples showed better tendencies for thermal insulation performance compared to conventional ceilings like plywood, PVC, and asbestos. Thus, utilization of coconut husks as described in this study could alternatively help to solve the disposal problems of such wastes while availing building industries with suitable raw materials to manufacture cost-effective heat-insulating ceilings.

Influence of chemical additive on the physical and mechanical properties of cement-bonded composite panels made from jute stick

The aim of the study was to observe the effects of chemical additives (calcium chloride (CaCl2) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2)) on the setting time of jute stick cement-bonded composites (CBCs). The setting time was judged based on the measured physical and mechanical properties of the composites as function of the press time. The mixing ratio of jute stick particles, cement and water was set at 2:1:1 for chemical additive (CaCl2/MgCl2) incorporated composites, and a controlled one without additive was manufactured based on jute particles and cement mixing ratio of 2:1. Three concentration levels of 6, 8 and 10% of CaCl2 and MgCl2 were used separately to produce the composite boards. In this study, the composite mixtures were cold-pressed at a pressure of 5 MPa and different pressing duration of 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 h. Incorporation of the additives reduced the press time, and higher percentage of additives increased the physical and mechanical properties of the composite panels produced. Composite panels made with MgCl2 exhibited better performance compared with those made with CaCl2. The highest modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the manufactured samples were 10.5 and 4595 MPa, respectively for the maximum percentage of MgCl2 addition with 6 h press time. It appears that these additives especially MgCl2 decreased the setting time of the CBCs, which can be considered as an alternative approach for the industry to produce CBCs in shorter time.

A Study on Areca nut Husk Fibre Extraction, Composite Panel Preparation and Mechanical Characteristics of the Composites

Areca nut husk fibre is an agricultural waste, which does not contribute to the economy of areca nut plantation. The use of areca nut husk fibre as reinforcing material in the preparation of low-cost and lightweight composites provides utility value to areca nut husk fibre. Low-cost and lightweight composites have wide range of applications in construction industry, marine structures, automobile industry and aerospace industry. The present work focuses on extraction of areca nut husk fibre with alkali treatment process by using 6% of sodium hydroxide solution, composite panel preparation and determination of mechanical properties of composite panels. Different fibre compositions (fine fibre, coarse fibre and coarse fibre sandwiched with glass fibre) of 15% by weight were used in the present study. Tensile, flexural and impact tests were conducted to find the mechanical characteristics the composite materials. The tensile strength of composites made with fine fibre (15.1 MPa) is observed to be more than that of composites made with coarse fibre (10.8 MPa). Further improvement in tensile strength of composite panels made of coarse areca nut husk fibre layer sandwiched with two layers of glass fibre (24.8 MPa) is observed. The flexural strength of fine fibre composites is more when compared to that of the coarse fibre composites. The average flexural strength of composites reinforced with fine fibre, coarse fibre and coarse fibre sandwiched with glass fibre is observed as 73 MPa, 66.7 MPa and 284 MPa, respectively. The impact strength of coarse fibre composites is found to be higher when compared to that of fine fibre composites.

Manufacturing and properties of cotton and jute fabrics reinforced epoxy and PLA composites

This paper studies the effects of plain-woven fabrics of jute and cotton, used as reinforcements, on the mechanical properties of composite panels prepared using epoxy and polylactic acid (PLA) resins as matrix materials. Two different composites were prepared in the current study — natural fiber fabrics reinforced thermosetting epoxy resin and the same fabrics reinforced thermoplastic PLA resin. Two methods were used to manufacture these composites. The thermosetting composites were manufactured by impregnating the epoxy resin with the fabrics by hand lamination. On the other hand, the resin film method was used to manufacture the thermoplastic composites. Tensile, compression and 3-point bending tests were performed on the composite panels. The experimental results indicated that the compressive strengths of cotton/PLA and cotton/epoxy composites are approximately equivalent. The jute-based composites exhibited brittle failure in the tensile test. Furthermore, the 3-point-bending break strength of the cotton/PLA composites was higher than that of the jute/PLA composites.

Mechanical characterization of concrete containing wood shavings as aggregates

Abstract This article focuses on the experimental and numerical analysis of wood-concrete panels in flexure in order to identify their mechanical behaviour. The main goal consists in determining the elastic modulus (MOE) and the bending strength of rupture (MOR) of wood-concrete panels used in construction. This work was performed using two complementary methods. Through an experimental work, elastic proprieties have been obtained to develop a finite element model for simulating wood-concrete timber panels, tested in three-point bending. For the numerical simulation, an eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) has been used to simulate the fracture process of the three-point bending panel using Abaqus software (Abaqus, 2016). The difficulties in determining the mechanical properties of composite panels using cement as binder are discussed. The test results allow the computation of the moduli of rupture and elasticity. It is also shown that the ratio between flexural and compressive strength is around 47%. Moreover, we present an assessment of the applicability of the XFEM, to predict where and when the fractures of concrete materials containing wood shavings will appear during the bending test. Numerical predictions are compared to experimental data. The methodology applied in this study gives promising results for the better prediction of mechanical properties of composite panels used in building and for further reduction of expensive experimental works.

Mechanical Properties of Composite Panels from Rice Husk

The study involving utilization of agricultural residue is gaining attention. This is an attempt to investigate the possibility of producing composite panels from rice husk (RH), an abundant source of agricultural residues. Composite panels were produced by mixing 1mm of rice husk with a commercial binder called urea formaldehyde at different density levels namely 650kg/m3, 700kg/m3 and 750kg/m3. Two types of resin content (10% and 12%) were used. Mechanical strength tests were performed on the panels conforming to British Standard (BS EN 310). Results obtained indicated that the modulus of elasticity (MOE) increased up to 1753.98MPa at 750kg/m3 density level with 12% resin content. Similarly, modulus of rupture (MOR) increased up to 8.08MPa with increase in panel density and amount of resin content. Thus, the potential of producing reasonably good composite panels from rice husk for specific end usage is very promising.

Mechanical properties of composite panels based on woven sandwich-fabric preforms

An overview of the mechanical properties of the core of woven sandwich-fabric panels is given. These materials provide a new type of sandwich structure with a high skin–core debonding resistance and the potential for cost-effective sandwich construction. The sandwich-fabric preforms are produced by a large-scale textile weaving process (velvet weaving). The basic mechanical properties of the sandwich core (compression and shear) were evaluated and compared with those of other core materials. There is a large variety in possible core layouts and thus mechanical performance for sandwich-fabric panels. Acceptable mechanical properties for cores of higher thickness (higher than 10 mm) can be obtained by weaving part of the pile fibres in the core under angles of ±45°, by creating networks of piles at lower degrees of stretching and sufficient pile density, or by filling the core with foam. There appears to be a strong synergistic effect between pile and foam properties in the sandwich core.

Mechanical Properties of Composite Panels Reinforced with Integrally Woven 3-D Fabrics

An investigation is reported in which six three-dimensional cellular fabrics were designed and woven. They consisted of two facings connected by an integrally woven sinusoidal core. In lateral compression, the ratio of the cell-repeat distance to the fabric thickness determines the resistance of the fabrics to buckling. Composite panels were fabricated by impregnating the fabrics with resin. Formulae developed allow the cross-sectional area and second moments of area of the panels to be calculated. Tensile tests were performed on the panel facings and whole structures to measure the Young's moduli and strengths in the longitudinal (weft) and transverse (warp) directions. Flexural tests were made to measure the beam flexural rigidities. The structural analysis of the beam sections together with the tensile properties of the beams enables flexural properties to be accurately predicted. The properties of the 3-D beams in flexure are comparable to those of other engineering materials, but the fabric-based, ce...

Toward In Situ Testing of the Mechanical Properties of Composite Panels

Phase changes of flexural waves propagating in a composite panel are used to infer the mechanical properties. Experimental results for a Scotchply laminated composite are presented.