Measurement Of Specific Parameters Research Articles

Three-dimensional imaging technique to compare digital impression CEREC Omnicam intraoral camera (CAD) and tri-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography, to measure maxillary casts: Unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate up to 6 months of age, applied in nanotechnology

The study aimed to evaluate any relationship between two different methods of digital three-dimensional scanning using measurements of specific parameters on plaster casts regards infants born along cleft lip and palate (CLP) up to 6 months of age. A set of 44 casts including every various kinds of CLP were used to investigate the relationship among two different methods used in this study, including tri-dimensional (3D) cone-beam calculated tomography and digital impression CEREC Omnicam intraoral camera (CAD). Paired independent samples t test has been utilized to compare two methods along with the same measurements. Statistical observations were developed utilizing SPSS software version 25. Descriptive analyses were presented utilizing means and standard deviations. Statistically significant variations (P 0.9). Nanotechnology offering a huge success in improving dental materials like composites, sealers, and other dental materials, all outcomes estimate to involve nanotechnology in various dentistry applications. The two methods for measurement purposes are always accepted on a wider scale and can be employed universally and equivalently.

Laboratory Biomarkers in the Management of Patients With COVID-19

ObjectivesLaboratory testing and the measurement of appropriate biomarkers play a critical role in managing patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), allowing for disease diagnosis, monitoring progression, prognostication, prediction of treatment response, and risk stratification. We sought to characterize these effects on a more detailed, mechanistic level. MethodsWe reviewed the literature and identified a multitude of reports that describe the unique effects of this virus and its devastating consequences to multiple organ systems in COVID-19 patients. ResultsThere are specific alterations in biomarkers related to coagulation, depopulation of T-cell subtypes, the cytokine storm and inflammation, and kidney and cardiac dysfunction. ConclusionsLaboratory measurement of specific parameters and the use of appropriate prognostic, predictive, and monitoring biomarkers afford clinicians the ability to make informed medical decisions and guide therapy for patients afflicted with this dreaded disease.

THE IMPORTANCE OF NANO BIOSENSORS AND ETHICAL ELEMENTS IN SPORTS PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Performance analysis is an indispensable element for elite sports success. Coaches and teams are constantly striving for ways to improve and maximize their performance. Effective use of performance analysis enables tactical, decision making, better athletic confidence and improvement of reflective coaching technique. Performance analysis is required for coaches and athletes to ensure consistent success rates, especially at elite levels. Although performance analysis seems necessary in elite sports, we should recognize the benefits and disadvantages associated with the individual athlete and sports system that regulate their distribution for their use. These are a new technology, nanobiosensor, a concept that combines biomedical field with sports engineering and nanotechnology and ethically addresses future performance analysis in sports. In this study, this concept is discussed. This innovative technology has the potential to revolutionize sports and enables athletes to collect real-time biological data electronically. Affinity-based nanobiosensors have also been taken into consideration in sports medicine and doping control analysis because they are cheap and easy-to-use, yet selectively analytical devices. Allows the use of the same sensor for multiple analyzes. At the same time, nanobiosensors can contribute to filling an important information gap about complementary evidence from their “on-site” use and pre-selecting the risk population of individuals to be targeted for a complete antidoping test; In sports medicine, they can contribute to obtaining analytical knowledge of physiological relevance from measurement of specific parameters or markers before, during and after physical exercise. However, as with many technologies, this technology may have undesirable uses. These unwanted uses are; data ownership and privacy may affect data privacy and well-being of athletes. While the use of nanobiosensors in sports analysis in the future offers many potential benefits, there is also a concern that they can be abused. For this reason, it is essential for sports organizations to consider the development of a sound, ethically informed governance framework before their increased use. Thus, the value of sports and athletes will become more prominent. For this reason, it is very important for athletes and their regulators to develop measures to ethically integrate this technology into sports.

Affinity-Based Biosensors in Sport Medicine and Doping Control Analysis

Affinity-based biosensors (ABBs) have started to be considered in sport medicine and doping control analysis because they are cheap, easy to use and sufficiently selective analytical devices, characterized by a reversible interaction with the analyte under investigation allowing the use of the same sensor for multiple analyses. In this review we describe the main categories of substances reported in the World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List and how ABBs may contribute to their detection. Although several ABBs proposed in the last few years display limit of detections that are in principle matching the World Anti-Doping Agency requirements, their application in the framework of 'traditional' antidoping tests seems quite unlikely, mainly because of the still insufficient selectivity especially in the case of 'pseudo-endogenous' compounds, and on the lack of complete information regarding potential matrix effects in real samples and following their routine use. At the same time, ABBs could contribute to fill a significant information gap concerning complementary evidence that can be obtained from their use 'on the spot', as well as to preselect a risk population of individuals to be targeted for a full antidoping test; while in sport medicine they could contribute to obtaining analytical information of physiological relevance from the measurement of specific parameters or markers before, during and after physical exercise.

Eutectic Growth Model Using Cell-Automaton Method

A cell-automaton model for a binary eutectic system has been developed. This study examines a Bridgeman-type temperature field with periodic boundary conditions. A stable operating range of lamellar spacings is obtained based on the parameters of the temperature field. The undercooling of the liquid phase ahead of the solid/liquid interface is also estimated in the calculations. The estimated lamellar spacings and undercoolings agree well with the predictions of the Jackson-Hunt model. (doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2009304) Eutectic alloys are used widely in industrial materials such as cast iron (Fe-C), silmin (Al-Si) and soldering alloys. In addition to this use, the benefit of eutectic materials as in-situ composites has attracted attentions. Namely, the minor phase acts as a physical function and the major phase supports the full strength of the material, compensating for the lack of strength of the minor part. Therefore, in order to develop a new functional structure as a composite material, control of the eutectic solidification would be a key technique. Generally speaking, the methods of studying the formation of the structure of alloys can be divided in three ways. The first is the observation of structures and the measurement of specific parameters by experiment. This might be considered the starting point for all the scientific research. Secondly, the researchers try to construct analytical models which can predict the phenomena observed in the experiments. Using basic physical equations and presuming that a few effects of the thermodynamic ''force'' control the phenomena and that other effects can be regarded as negligible, a series of equations can be developed with suitable boundary/initial conditions. The solutions of the equations are obtained by an analytical method (or numerical calculations). The predic- tions of the analytical method, in turn, should be examined by experiments. As for the third method of study, numerical simulations have recently been developed. These include Monte Carlo simulations, phase-field methods, cell-autom- aton methods, etc. In numerical simulations, basic calculation rules are also formulated, but the effects of the rules are not considered prior to calculation. The effects are recognized after the calculations are performed. In the field of study concerning eutectic growth, analytical models were explored after World War II. 1-4) In these studies, the Jackson and Hunt (JH) model 4) presented not only analytical solutions for the specific spacing and undercooling of the lamellar and rod-like regular eutectic growth, but also a hypothesis for the adjustment of the specific spacing. Irregular eutectic growth models have also been proposed. 5,6) The JH model has also been extended to rapid solidification condition. 7) The methods of the JH model have also been applied to the growth of the three-phase structure with regular lamellar, rod + hexagon and semi-regular brick-type mor- phologies. 8) In 1994, J. A. Spittle and S. G. R. Brown studied a 3-D cellular automaton model of coupled growth in two- component systems. 9) They obtained lamellar structures in undercooled two component melts using a simple algorithm. In this work, we wish to compare the results of a 2-D cell-automaton model with those of the JH model. By introducing temperature fields moving with constant veloc- ities (Bridgeman-type temperature fields) into the cell- automaton program, it can be determined whether quasi- stationary solidifications are obtained, and therefore the results of the cell-automaton program can be compared directly with the prediction of the JH model. The lamellar spacing and the undercooling of the liquid at the solid/liquid interface will also be examined. 2. Algorithm and Parameters of Calculation for the 2-D Cell-Automaton Model

The Reno-Vascular A2B Adenosine Receptor Protects the Kidney from Ischemia

BackgroundAcute renal failure from ischemia significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in clinical settings, and strategies to improve renal resistance to ischemia are urgently needed. Here, we identified a novel pathway of renal protection from ischemia using ischemic preconditioning (IP).Methods and FindingsFor this purpose, we utilized a recently developed model of renal ischemia and IP via a hanging weight system that allows repeated and atraumatic occlusion of the renal artery in mice, followed by measurements of specific parameters or renal functions. Studies in gene-targeted mice for each individual adenosine receptor (AR) confirmed renal protection by IP in A1−/−, A2A−/−, or A3AR−/− mice. In contrast, protection from ischemia was abolished in A2BAR−/− mice. This protection was associated with corresponding changes in tissue inflammation and nitric oxide production. In accordance, the A2BAR-antagonist PSB1115 blocked renal protection by IP, while treatment with the selective A2BAR-agonist BAY 60–6583 dramatically improved renal function and histology following ischemia alone. Using an A2BAR-reporter model, we found exclusive expression of A2BARs within the reno-vasculature. Studies using A2BAR bone-marrow chimera conferred kidney protection selectively to renal A2BARs.ConclusionsThese results identify the A2BAR as a novel therapeutic target for providing potent protection from renal ischemia.

A quantitative model of leaflet initiation illustrated by Murraya paniculata (Rutaceae)

A modified mathematical model based on the concept of generative centers is proposed to describe organogenesis in young leaf primordia of Murraya paniculata. Measurements of specific parameters on leaf primordia at different stages of development support the basic assumptions of the model. These assumptions are exponential elongation and widening of primordia in the organogenetic phase and rhythmic production of lateral elements at a fixed distance from the apex of the developing primordium. In general, the model provides good estimates for growth parameters such as elemental growth rates. It also provides a relatively accurate description of the shape of the primordium during the organogenesis of lateral elements or leaflet primordia. Key words: leaf development, mathematical model, organogenesis, compound leaf, Murraya paniculata.

Variability in Measurement of Specific Parameters for Carotid Duplex Examination

Variability in Measurement of Specific Parameters for Carotid Duplex Examination