Measurement Of Inclusive Cross Section Research Articles

Recent Cross-Section Measurements of Top-Quark Pair Production in Association with Gauge Bosons

This article reviews recent cross-section measurements of tt¯ production in association with a photon, W or Z boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). All measurements reviewed use proton–proton (pp) datasets collected by the ATLAS and CMS experiments between 2016 and 2018 from collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV during the LHC Run 2. Differential and inclusive cross-section measurements are discussed along with the constraints on the effective field theory operators accessible through each process. Finally, we discuss the potential for measurements of these processes at future colliders.

Determination of the strong coupling constant \u03b1S(mZ) from measurements of inclusive W\xb1 and Z boson production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at sqrt{mathrm{s}} = 7 and 8 TeV

Twelve measurements of inclusive cross sections of W± and Z boson production, performed in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, are compared with perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations at next-to-next- to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy obtained with the CT14, HERAPDF2.0, MMHT14, and NNPDF3.0 parton distribution functions (PDFs). Data and theory agree well for all PDF sets, taking into account the experimental and theoretical uncertainties. A novel procedure is employed to extract the strong coupling constant at the Z pole mass from a detailed comparison of all the experimental fiducial cross sections to the corresponding NNLO theoretical predictions, yielding {alpha}_{mathrm{S}}left({m}_{mathrm{Z}}right)={0.1163}_{-0.0031}^{+0.0024} (CT14), {0.1072}_{-0.0040}^{+0.0043} (HERAPDF2.0), 0.1186 ± 0.0025 (MMHT14), and 0.1147 ± 0.0023 (NNPDF3.0). Using the results obtained with the CT14 and MMHT14 PDFs, which yield the most robust and stable αS(mZ) extractions, a value {alpha}_{mathrm{S}}left({m}_{mathrm{Z}}right)={0.1175}_{-0.0028}^{+0.0025} is determined.

First Muon Neutrino Charged-Current Inclusive Cross Section Measurement in MicroBooNE

First Muon Neutrino Charged-Current Inclusive Cross Section Measurement in MicroBooNE

Tests of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter for HADES Experiment at GSI

Measurements of mass spectra of dilepton pairs in the HADES experiment in the energy domain of SIS18 and SIS100 (FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany) are very important for studing the excitation function of the virtual photon radiation from dense nuclear matter. A detail study of this phenomenon in the intermediate mass region (0.14 < M < 0.6 GeV/c2) demands precise measurements of inclusive cross sections of

Optimizing Higgs factories by modifying the recoil mass**JG is Supported by an International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program between the Office of the National Administrative Committee of Postdoctoral Researchers of China (ONACPR) and DESY. YYL is Supported by Hong Kong PhD Fellowship (HKPFS) and the Collaborative Research Fund (CRF) (HUKST4/CRF/13G)

It is difficult to measure the WW-fusion Higgs production process at a lepton collider with a center of mass energy of 240-250 GeV due to its small rate and the large background from the Higgsstrahlung process with an invisible Z . We construct a modified recoil mass variable, , defined using only the 3-momentum of the reconstructed Higgs particle, and show that it can separate the WW-fusion and Higgsstrahlung events better than the original recoil mass variable mrecoil. Consequently, the variable can be used to improve the overall precisions of the extracted Higgs couplings, in both the conventional framework and the effective-field-theory framework. We also explore the application of the variable in the inclusive cross section measurements of the Higgsstrahlung process, while a quantitive analysis is left for future studies.

Highlights of top quark measurements in hadronic final states at ATLAS

Measurements of inclusive and differential top quark production cross sections in hadronic final states, including hadronic τ decays, in proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are presented at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The inclusive cross section measurements reach high precision and are compared to other decay modes and the best available theoretical calculations. Differential measurements of the kinematic properties of top quark events are also discussed. These measurements use boosted top quarks, probing our understanding of top quark production in the TeV regime.

Measurement of J/ψ production in p + p collisions at [formula omitted] at STAR experiment

Quarkonium measurements in heavy-ion collisions play an essential role in understanding the hot, dense medium created in such collisions. As a reference, their production mechanism in p + p collisions needs to be thoroughly understood. In this paper, we report the measurement of inclusive cross section of J/ψ with transverse momentum (pT) above 4 GeV/c at mid-rapidity in p + p collisions at s=500 GeV by the STAR experiment. The ratio of the yield of ψ(2S) to J/ψ integrated over 4<pT<12 GeV/c is also presented. Furthermore, the J/ψ yields are studied in different event multiplicity bins in different J/ψpT regions, where the low pT measurement is enabled by the newly installed Muon Telescope Detector. A strong increase of the relative J/ψ yield with the event multiplicity is observed for all pT with significant pT dependence.

Measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 2.76\,\text {TeV}$$ s = 2.76 TeV

The double-differential inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum pT and absolute rapidity y, using proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC, at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.43 inverse picoboarns. Jets are reconstructed within the pT range of 74 to 592 GeV and the rapidity range |y| < 3.0. The reconstructed jet spectrum is corrected for detector resolution. The measurements are compared to the theoretical prediction at next-to-leading-order QCD using different sets of parton distribution functions. This inclusive cross section measurement explores a new kinematic region and is consistent with QCD predictions.

Diffractive dijet production with a leading proton in ep collisions at HERA

The cross section of the diffractive process e + p → e + Xp is measured at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV, where the system X contains at least two jets and the leading final state proton p is detected in the H1 Very Forward Proton Spectrometer. The measurement is performed in photoproduction with photon virtualities Q 2 < 2 GeV2 and in deep-inelastic scattering with 4 GeV2 < Q 2 < 80 GeV2. The results are compared to next- to-leading order QCD calculations based on diffractive parton distribution functions as extracted from measurements of inclusive cross sections in diffractive deep-inelastic scattering.

Quantum chromodynamics results from HERA and JLAB

Recent QCD results from electron–proton interactions at HERA and JLAB are presented. Inclusive cross-section measurements as well as studies of the hadronic final state like jet production or the production of heavy quarks are discussed. The results are compared with perturbative QCD predictions and their impact on the determination of the parton density functions of the proton as well as of the strong coupling α s is discussed.

$t\bar t$ pair production cross section measurement at the LHC

Measurement of pair production cross sections with an integrated luminosity of around 1 fb−1 at √s = 7 TeV obtained with the ATLAS and CMS detectors are reported. The inclusive cross sections in dilepton (ee, eμ, μμ and μτ), lepton+jets (e, μ) and all hadronic decay modes are measured. In addition to inclusive cross section measurement, the study of jet multiplicity with additional jets are also presented, which is important to constrain the initial state radiation. Measurement of the charge asymmetry at the LHC is also presented. All measurements are compatible with Standard Model predictions.

Asymmetries in Largep T photoproduction and the polarized gluon structure function

QCD predictions for asymmetries in largepT polarized photon reactions on a polarized target are given. Taking cross-section differences is shown to yield new tests of QCD. Double inclusive cross section measurements provide a direct way to measure the distribution function of polarized gluons in the proton.

“Backward” production of protons, deuterons, tritons, 3He, 4He and pions in the interaction of 400 GeV protons with nuclei

Results of measurements of inclusive cross sections, p(400 GeV) + ( 6 Li, Ta) → ( p, d, t, 3 He, 4 He, π ±) + X at 90° and 160° (lab) for detected particles in the momentum range 0.1 to 1.4 Gev/ c are reported. The A dependence of these cross sections is also presented for 6Li, Be, C, Al, Cu, and Ta, at a momentum of 0.7 GeV/ c. This cross section dependence increases faster than A, at different rates for observed π +, p, d, and t, and considerably more steeply than such cross sections at low incident energies (near 1 GeV).

Inclusive Double-Charge-Exchangeπ−Production at 100 GeV/c

Measurements of inclusive cross sections at 100 GeV/c are presented for the double-charge-exchange reactions a/sup +/p ..-->.. ..pi../sup -/X with a = ..pi.., K, or p. The measurements covered a kinematic range in the Feynman x variable of 0.3 < or = x < or = 0.9 at transverse momenta of 0.3 and 0.5 GeV/c. A model summing the contributions from resonance production and from inclusive central-region ..pi../sup -/ production is used to fit the data and demonstrates the importance of resonance production via one-pion exchange for large values of the Feynman x.