Mean Atd Research Articles

The Study of Dermatoglyphic Patterns in Females with Primary Infertility: A Case-Control Study in the Maharashtra Population

Introduction: Dermatoglyphics is a widely known technique applied in genetic and medical research for the examination of finger, palm, and sole patterns. Dermatoglyphic characters are formed in the fetal stage and remain unaltered throughout their life. Some previous studies have indicated that dermatoglyphic patterns are linked with some reproductive disorders, like primary infertility. This study focuses on the evaluation and comparison of the dermatoglyphic patterns of females with primary infertility and healthy controls in the Maharashtra population. Methods: It involves a case-control study on two hundred females diagnosed with primary infertility and two hundred age-matched healthy controls. Several dermatoglyphic patterns were found, including total ridge count (TRC), atd angles, loops, whorls, and arches, which were assessed and compared among the groups. Results: When compared to the control group, the dermatoglyphic patterns of the infertility group were significantly different. Whorls and arches were more common in this group, and loops were less common. Furthermore, the infertility group exhibited a higher mean atd angle value and a lower total ridge count in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Certain dermatoglyphic features correlated with female primary infertility in Maharashtra have been identified. These results can be taken as a precursor to further research work on the genetic basis of infertility and also with regard to whether dermatoglyphics can be used as a diagnostic tool.

Mean Atd Angle among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

An atd angle is one of the dermatoglyphic patterns which is an indication of the degree of distal displacement of the axial triradius on the palm. This is one of the markers of diabetes mellitus that is used as a screening tool in order to reduce the risk of onset and initiate early treatment. The aim of this study is to find the mean atd angle among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting a tertiary care centre. This descriptive cross-sectional study was done among diabetic patients in a tertiary centre from 9 June 2021 to 5 May 2022. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: KUSMS/IRC 40/2021). Both palm prints of study subjects were taken and the atd angle was measured. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Among 133 palm prints of diabetic patients, the mean atd angle was 42.13±4.73° (male: 41.90±4.75° and female: 42.35±4.70°). The right palms showed mean atd angle of 42.31±4.42° and that of left palms was 41.94±5.04°. The mean atd angle among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is similar to other studies done in similar settings. dermatoglyphic; diabetes mellitus; prevalence.

MEASUREMENT OF THE ATD ANGLE IN THE PATIENT OF DIABETICS MELLITUS: A RELIABLE MARKER.

Background: DM has been shown to be associated with certain dermatoglyphic traits and Indians in particular have been shown to be predisposed to DM. It can be used for early and inexpensive screening of individuals at risk for DM. Aim of present study was to measure the atdangle in the patient of Diabetics Mellitus and compare it with control. The present comparative case control study was conducted in theMaterial & Methods: Department of Medicine, Saraswati Medical College&Hospital, Unnao.100clinically diagnosed diabetic patients in study group werecompared with same age group of 100 non- diabetic patients. Patients with deformity of hand, Chromosomal abnormalities like Klinefelter's syndrome, Turner's syndrome etc. and diseases like congenital anomalies, neurological disorders, carcinomas and psychiatric diseases were excluded from the study. The mean atd angles were signicantly lower in DM group and mean dat angles were signicantly higher in DM groupObservation: than controls whereas adt angles were signicantly higher in left and signicantly lower in right of the DM group (p<0.05). It was noted thatmean atd angles in both male and femaleparticipant was signicantly lower in DM group in both hand and mean dat angles were signicantly higher in DM than controls group; whereas adt angles in both male and female participants were higher signicantly in left and insignicantly lower in right of the DM group (p<0.05). The mean Atd angles were signicantly decreased in DM group, angle 'Adt' showed signicant increase inConclusion: left hand and mean dat angles were signicantly increased in both hands of the cases as compared to controls.

Comparison of mean total ridge count and mean ATD angle in OSMF and oral Leukoplakia patients

Introduction: Palm prints formed once does not change throughout life and is not influenced by environment. Palmar Dermatoglyphics can indicate the development of potentially malignant and malignant lesions and help in identifying persons at high risk of developing Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC). Materials and Methods: Dermatoglyphic patterns were collected from randomly selected 120 patients using 3M™ CSD200i. Single-digit Optical Scanner (3M™, Canada, 2015) with automatic capture mechanism was applied to capture finger prints of all the 10 fingers of patients, who were divided in control and test group with respective subgroups of leukoplakia and OSMF. Mean total ridge count and ATD angle were measured in all patients and comparison was done between control group and patients with OSMF and leukoplakia. Results: The collected data was subjected to analysis using Chi-square test for comparison between the groups. The mean ATD angle in patints with osmf is 43.38, leukoplakia is 43.53, patients without lesion but with habit is 44.78, and patients without habit is 45.65.

A PRELIMINARY ANTHROPOMETRIC STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DERMATOGLYPHICS AND SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA

Dermatoglyphics have been utilized as models for the diagnosis of vast genetic conditions due to their relationship with the genetic make-up of an individual. However, little studies have been conducted worldwide trying to ascertain the relationship between dermatoglyphics and sickle cell anaemia. Therefore, the present study aimed at generating baseline data to elucidate the possible diagnostic value of dermatoglyphics for earlier detection and screening of Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) in Ghana. A total of 400 participants including 200 SCA patients from Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and 200 control group (CG) from KNUST were recruited for this study. The palmprints and fingerprints of the participants were taken and the sickling status of the control group was determined. Distribution of the three major fingerprint patterns, PIC patterns, ATD angle and total finger ridge count (TFRC) were determined. Loop dominated in both the SCA and control groups followed by whorl and arch. PIC 300 dominated in the SCA group while PIC 310 dominated in the control group, this was statistically significant. Also, the study recorded 5 unreported PIC’s (PIC 400, PIC 410, PIC 430, PIC 500 and PIC 510) in the Ghanaian population. The SCA group recorded a mean ATD angle of 43.62o while the control group recorded 41.61o, this was statistically significant. The SCA group recorded a mean TFRC of 67.17 while the control group recorded 78.49. The results of the present study have shown that, there is a relationship between dermatoglyphics and SCA and this will serve as a reliable indicator for earlier detection and screening of sickle cell anaemia especially in neonates. KEY WORDS: Dermatoglyphics, sickle cell anaemia, Ghana.

Biofidelic Evaluation of the Large Omni-Directional Child Anthropomorphic Test Device in Low Speed Loading Conditions.

Motor vehicle crashes remain the leading cause of death for children. Traditionally, restraint design has focused on the crash phase of the impact with an optimally seated occupant. In order to optimize restrain design for real-world scenarios, research has recently expanded its focus to non-traditional loading conditions including pre-crash positioning and lower speed impacts. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biofidelity of the large omni-directional child (LODC) ATD in non-traditional loading conditions by comparing its response to pediatric volunteer data in low-speed sled tests. Low-speed (2-4 g, 1.9-3.0 m/s) frontal (0°), far-side oblique (60°), and far-side lateral (90º) sled tests, as well as lateral swerving (0.72 g, 0.5 Hz) tests, were conducted using the LODC. The LODC was restrained using a 3-point-belt with an electromechanical motorized seat belt retractor, or pre-pretensioner. Motion capture markers were placed on the head, torso, and belt. The LODC was compared to previously collected pediatric volunteer data as well as the HIII 10 and Q10. Significant difference between the pediatric volunteers and ATDs were identified by comparing the mean ATD response to the pediatric volunteer 95% CI. The LODC exhibited lower forward head excursion (262 mm) compared to pediatric volunteers (263 - 333 mm) in low-speed frontal sled tests (p<0.05), but was closer to the pediatric volunteers than the HIII 10 (179 mm) and Q10 (171 mm). In lateral swerving, the LODC (429 mm) exhibited greater lateral head excursion (p<0.05) compared to pediatric volunteers (115 - 171 mm). The LODC exhibited a greater reduction in kinematics compared to the pediatric volunteers in all loading conditions with a pre-pretensioner. These data provide valuable insight into the biofidelity of the LODC in non-traditional loading conditions, such as evaluating pre-crash maneuvers on occupant response.

Dermatoglyphic Patterns Among Adolescents of the Ebira Ethnic Group of Kogi State, Nigeria

AbstractDermatoglyphics have been widely studied and have been shown to vary across different ethnic populations. The present study investigates the dermatoglyphic patterns among adolescents of the Ebira ethnic group through selected dialects. A total of 591 subjects, both males and females, participated in the study. Prints were collected by conventional ink and roller method and read using hand magnifying lens. Analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-test, and the chi-squared test. P-values &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The result of the study showed that the three dialects had similar distribution of fingerprint patterns in the order ulnar loop &gt; whorl &gt; arch &gt; radial loop. The fingerprint pattern showed strong statistical association with gender both within and across the dialects (p &lt; 0.001). The palmar crease of the subjects showed the normal palmar crease to be the most prevalent (87%), followed by the Sidney crease (9%), and the Suwon crease (4%) being the least prevalent for both palms across the dialects. There was strong association with palm crease type and gender, with p &lt; 0.001. The triradii angles of the palms revealed a mean value of acute angles. Females had significantly higher mean atd angles compared with male subjects, while males had significant higher mean dat angles compared with females for the three dialects. The adt angle, however, showed no significant mean difference between males and females. In conclusion, the present study evaluated the fingerprint patterns, the palmar creases and the triradii angles conforming anthropological similarities within these three dialects. However, gender differences were observed for the three dialects, with Ebira-Tao and Ebira-Etuno exhibiting shared patterns.

A case-control study of fingerprint patterns of both hands in persons with and without schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is a complex disorder. Abnormal brain functions and aberrant fingerprint patterns are under study to aid in diagnosing schizophrenia. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the finger and palm print patterns in patients with schizophrenia, to compare the patterns with those of healthy controls, to find if specific patterns exist in patients with schizophrenia, a cross-sectional comparative case–control study of finger and palm patterns in patients with schizophrenia and age-matched healthy controls was done in a tertiary care teaching hospital in the district of Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu. Materials and Methods: Finger and palm print pattern of 100 patients with schizophrenia and 100 age-matched controls was taken using the standard technique with India ink and studied. Demographic details of both the case and control groups were also collected. Patterns of both the hands of the two groups were analyzed. Descriptive analysis was done. Chi-square test and independent t-test were used for analyzing the mean difference between the variables of the two groups. Results: The frequency of arches was more in cases than controls. The frequency of radial loops was twice in cases than controls. The ulnar loops were less in cases. The mean total finger ridge count and total A-B ridge count were significantly lower in schizophrenia patients than in controls. The mean atd angle was significantly higher in cases than in controls. Conclusion: In our study, the finger and palm print patterns show a statistically significant difference in certain parameters between patients with schizophrenia when compared with controls.

Sexual dimorphism of palmar dermatoglyphic parameters of an adult student population in Nigeria

Context: Dermatoglyphics is the scientific study of the epidermal ridges and their configurations on the surfaces of the palms, fingers, soles of the feet and the toes. Aims: The aim of the study was to determine whether there exists any sexual dimorphism in A-B ridge count (ABRC) and ATD angle. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: Four hundred individuals (200 males and 200 females) were studied. Age range was 18–30 years. Palm prints were captured using a Deskjet scanner. Dermatoglyphic parameters were measured manually. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics and Student's t-test. Results: The mean values of ABRC in males were 42.08 ± 3.84 (right palm) and 41.94 ± 4.39 (left palm), while the ABRCs in females were 42.46 ± 4.40 (right palm) and 41.97 ± 3.46 (left palm). The mean ATD angles in males were 43.07 ± 4.99 (right palm) and 43.99 ± 4.77 (left palm), while the mean ATD angles in females were 43.91 ± 5.11 (right palms) and 44.05 ± 5.12 (left palms). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean values of both parameters in both sexes and in both palms. Conclusion: There was no sexual dimorphism in the values of ABRC and ATD angles, and therefore, these parameters cannot be used to infer gender in our environment.

Dermatoglyphic Pattern Differences in Females with Reproductive System Cancers and It’s Scope in Preventive Care

Introduction: Female reproductive system cancers shorten lifespan in women because of high mortality and morbidity. The detection of pre-invasive and micro-invasive stages makes near 100% survival of cancer patients. Dermatoglyphics is the scientific study of fingerprints. Many genes which take part in the control of finger and palm dermatoglyphic development distinguished cancer patients from the general population. It is possible that these genes also predispose to the development of malignancy. Since many investigations are needed to confirm the diagnosis of cancers, dermatoglyphics can be used as a screening procedure for planning preventive care if a specific pattern is known for a cancer. Aims and Objectives: To analyze the prints of different cancers, to analyze the results, compare with controls and observe the differences in main parameters of dermatoglyphic patterns and to determine a specific pattern for specific cancers. Subjects and Methods: This is a prospective, observational and an analytical study started after the approval by Institutional Ethical Committee of S.V. Medical College, Tirupati. The material for the study consisted of finger and palm prints of outpatients and inpatients of the Department of OBG, Tirupati, Cancer Hospital in and around Tirupati, Nellore and Kadapa. The ink prints of each finger and palm were collected and analyzed. Results: Ridge counts, digital patterns and main line formulae observed in different cancers in the present study were analyzed and presented. Mean TFRC was higher in normal group. Greater AFRC was observed in cancer cervix patients when compared to controls. In the present study, there is no difference (p> 0.05) in a-b ridge count among carcinoma of cervix and control group in both hands. Differences of mean atd, tad and tda angles among the groups are not statistically significant (P>0.05).The most common C-main line termination pattern of cancers are U followed by R and then Ab. IV interdigital area of both hands presented less incidence of loop pattern in cancer cases when compared to normal group. Special findings in respective cancers are discussed separately and they are not found in any other literature. Conclusion: There are very limited studies in literature on dermatoglyphic pattern in female reproductive cancers. Though the cost of prints is less, more time and skilled human resources are required for their analysis. Study sample size of controls and cases to be increased. Public should be enlightened about dermatoglyphics. If large number of studies are done and a specific pattern is established for specific cancers, then it becomes cost-effective to people so that a risk is predicted beforehand in any disease and preventive methods can be employed at an early age as the dermatoglyphic patterns do not change in a life time.

Relation between Dermatoglyphicsand Early Childhood caries in a group of Egyptian children

Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with genetic base. Early prediction for high caries risk children can help in postulating an effective caries preventive measure. Dermatoglyphics is a promising valuable tool for preliminary examination in conditions with a speculated hereditary base. The aim of the investigation was to decide whether fingerprints as a genetic marker could be involved in the occurrence of dental caries. Sixty children aged between 36 to 71 months, divided into two groups of 30 children each. They were chosen from the outpatient clinic of the pediatric dentistry department at Pharos University. They were divided into two groups according to dental caries incidence: caries-free children and children with ECC and dmfs score > 5.The handprints of every child were taken and the type of dermatoglyphic pattern on fingertip of every digit was noted. The dmfs scores were recorded. SPSS software and test of proportions were used for the analysis. It was found that fingerprints of caries-free children demonstrated mostly loops pattern while whorls pattern was prevailing in the caries group.The difference in atd angle (angle is a part of the palm denoting the relative position of three triradii) revealed a significant difference between the two groups where caries group had the most minimal mean atd angle and the least total ridge count (TRC). This could be a cost-effective tool, that could be used in many field studies.

DIGITAL AND PALMER DERMATOGLYPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IJAW ETHNIC GROUP

Introduction: Dermatoglyphics refers to the study of naturally occurring ridge on the planter surface of hand and foot of primates and other animals. Dermatoglyphics is a polygenic trait and is not duplicated among species even among monozygotic twins.The Ijaw’s are located predominately in the Niger Delta with fishing as their main stay of economy.Aim: To determine the frequency distribution and gender differences of dermatoglyphic patterns of the Ijaw ethnic group in Nigeria.Methodology: A total of 500 subjects were randomly selected to establish their digital and palmer dermatoglyphics by counting and classifying their ridge patterns based on standard technique.Results: The highest dermatoglyphic pattern frequency was radial loop (RL) 2.7±1.22, with least occurrence of ulnar loop pattern (UL) 1.37±0.60. There were no significant total finger ridge count (TFRC) and pattern intensity indices (PII) between sex P&gt;0.05. Female subject had a significantly higher mean ATD angle and a-b ridge count than their male counterpart P &lt;0.05.Discussion: There was a prevalence and elevated total frequency of radial loop and a diminution of whorl digital dermatoglyphic patterns; this finding is unique for this study population since most African studies among Nigeria ethnic group has ulnar loop as a predominate digital pattern. Also, sexual dimorphism was shown to exists in total finger ridge count (TFRC) and pattern intensity indices (PII) among the sampled subjects, however female subjects were reported to have higher mean ATD angle and a-b ridge count when compared to their male counterpart, this was statistically significant at P&lt;0.05.Conclusion: This study has reported pattern frequency and gender asymmetry of digital and palmer dermatoglyphics traits of the Ijaw ethnic group.

Dermatoglyphs in Coronary Artery Disease Among Ningxia Population of North China.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an enormous health problem in the world. Dermatoglyphs are cutaneous ridges on the fingers, palms, and soles, formed by genetic regulation and control during early intrauterine life. The Dermatoglyphic traits do not change significantly as the growth of the age. They may be the phenotypic characters of individual genes and represent the predisposition to certain diseases. The study was carried out to document characteristic dermatoglyphic patterns in coronary artery disease which could be useful in early diagnosis of the disease. Dermatoglyphic study of 258 male (129 coronary artery disease cases and 129 normal subjects) of Ningxia China were studied in the present cross-sectional study. It involved the digital patterns, ATD angles, A-B ridge counts on the hands. Chi-square test, t-test were used for the statistical analysis in this study. The overall frequency of whorls was higher followed by loop and arch in both two groups. It was observed that there was significant difference of digital frequency of whorls and ulnar loops in patients in both hands as compared to controls (p≤0.01). The mean value of finger ridge counts, total ridge counts were similar between two groups. The A-B ridge counts were significantly higher in coronary artery disease compared with controls on the right palm (p≤0.01). However, the mean ATD angle values were significantly higher in cases than those of in normal on both hands (p<0.05). Abnormally high A-B ridge count, ATD angles and the frequency of whorls are characteristic dermatoglyphic patterns of coronary artery disease. Dermatoglyphics may have an important role in early diagnosis of coronary artery disease in future.

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of palmar dermatoglyphics among smokeless tobacco users.

Palm prints formed once does not change throughout life and is not influenced by environment. Palmar Dermatoglyphics can indicate the development of potentially malignant and malignant lesions and help in identifying persons at high risk of developing Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC). To analyze the qualitative [finger ridge pattern and presence or absence of hypothenar pattern] and quantitative [mean ATD angle and total AB ridge count] variations in Palmar Dermatoglyphics in patients suffering from OSMF and OSCC. A prospective comparative study among 40 patients (Group I--10 samples of smokeless tobacco users with OSMF, Group II--10 samples of smokeless tobacco users with OSCC, Group III--10 samples of smokeless tobacco users without OSMF or OSCC and Group IV--10 samples without smokeless tobacco habit without OSMF and OSCC as controls) were selected. The palm prints were recorded using an HP inkjet scanner. The patients were asked to place the palm gently on the scanner with the fingers wide apart from each other. The images of the palm prints were edited and qualitative and quantitative analysis were done. Statistical analysis such as Kruskal Wallis, Post Hoc and Analysis of Varience were done. A highly significant difference among the finger ridge, hypothenar pattern and mean ATD angle (P<0.001) and total AB ridge count (P=0.005) in OSMF and OSCC patients were obtained. There is predominance of arches and loops, presence of hypothenar pattern, decrease in mean ATD angle and total AB ridge count in OSMF and Oral Cancer patients. Palmar Dermatoglyphics can predict the probable occurrence of OSMF and OSCC in smokelees tobacco users.

Dermatoglyphic’s in Congenital Cardiac Disease

Background : Study of epidermal ridges and their configuration on the tips of fingers, palm and soles is called as dermatoglyphic study or Dermatoglyphics, is a typical clue for personal identification. If any influences which are acting either in form of factor or drugs which act prior to particular intrauterine period when finger print pattern is developing, it is bound to cause changes in these patterns like in cardiovascular system of foetus in form of congenital cardiac diseases. Material and Method : Various dermatoglyphic parameters like finger print pattern, atd angle, absolute ridge count and ab, bc ,cd, and ad ridge counts were observed in 150 cases of congenital cardiac disease, comprising of 72 cases of Ventricular Septal Defects (VSD), 60 cases of Atrial Septal Defects (ASD), 9 cases of Co-arctation of Aorta (COA) and 9 cases of Tetralogy of Fallots (TOF). Same dermatoglyphic parameters were also studied in 300 controls and statistical comparison of cases and controls was done. Result and conclusion : It was observed that the congenital cardiac disease cases exhibited preponderance of whorls (55.8%) with decrease in loop pattern (36.2%) as compared to those of controls and the difference was highly significant (p 0.001). The difference in the mean total finger ridge count (TFRC) of the controls and of the cases of Congenital Cardiac Diseases (CCD) was found to be highly significant (p 0.001), while the mean atd angle in the cases of Congenital Cardiac Disease (CCD) was widen up and was statistically significant too. The mean ab, the mean bc ridge, the mean cd ridge and the mean ad ridge counts were also higher in the various type of CCD as compared to that controls and on statistical comparison, the difference was found to be highly significant.

Variations in palmar dermatoglyphics among congenital deaf cases: a comparative study

Abstract Background: Dermatoglyphics, the scientific study of the origin, development and variation of dermal ridges and patterns on the fingers, palms and soles have been employed to observe association with many congenital defects and genetic diseases. Congenital deafness refers to a hearing loss which is believed to have been present since birth. A congenitally deaf child is also a mute because for normal speech to develop in a child, hearing sensation must be intact. Materials and methods: The study involved 100 congenital deaf and mute children of age groups ranging from 7 years to 20 years. Out of them 50 were males and 50 females. The following parameters were considered after collecting the prints : Digital patterns, digital counts, a-b ridge count (which is done by counting the ridges found at the intersect between point 'a'- the base of the index finger to point 'b' - the base of the middle finger), 'atd' (angle made by connecting the 'a', 't'and'd' triradii points on the palm and 'dat' angles (angle made by joining the 'd', 'a' and 't' triradii points on the palm). Results: The study revealed considerable decrease in mean TFRC(Total finger ridge count), AFRC(Absolute finger ridge count) and mean ridge count in both male and female deaf cases. The mean atd angle in both cases were increased. The mean (a-b) ridge counts were decreased in both male and female deaf cases. Qualitative analysis revealed increase in arches and decrease in whorls of all cases. Conclusion: The present study reveals the differences in the dermatoglyphic patterns in congenital deaf cases. The results of this study could be of great importance to clinicians with respect to genetical basis in the identification of the cases at early stages.

Variations in palmar dermatoglyphics among congenital deaf cases: a comparative study

Background: Dermatoglyphics, the scientific study of the origin, development and variation of dermal ridges and patterns on the fingers, palms and soles have been employed to observe association with many congenital defects and genetic diseases. Congenital deafness refers to a hearing loss which is believed to have been present since birth. A congenitally deaf child is also a mute because for normal speech to develop in a child, hearing sensation must be intact. Materials and methods: The study involved 100 congenital deaf and mute children of age groups ranging from 7 years to 20 years. Out of them 50 were males and 50 females. The following parameters were considered after collecting the prints : Digital patterns, digital counts, a-b ridge count (which is done by counting the ridges found at the intersect between point ‘a’- the base of the index finger to point ‘b’- the base of the middle finger), ‘atd’ (angle made by connecting the 'a', 't'and'd' triradii points on the palm and ‘dat’ angles (angle made by joining the 'd', 'a' and 't' triradii points on the palm). Results: The study revealed considerable decrease in mean TFRC(Total finger ridge count), AFRC(Absolute finger ridge count) and mean ridge count in both male and female deaf cases. The mean atd angle in both cases were increased. The mean (a-b) ridge counts were decreased in both male and female deaf cases. Qualitative analysis revealed increase in arches and decrease in whorls of all cases. Conclusion: The present study reveals the differences in the dermatoglyphic patterns in congenital deaf cases. The results of this study could be of great importance to clinicians with respect to genetical basis in the identification of the cases at early stages.

Correlation of atd angle with Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Gujarati population

Introduction: Dermatoglyphics, “derma-skin and glyphe-curve”, is the name given to the study of the ridge patterning of skin of the fingers, palms, toes and soles. Study of the patterns of the epidermal ridges can also serve as an aid to the diagnosis of many diseases, particularly those caused by chromosomal abnormalities. As Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) has genetic predisposition, dermatoglyphics can be used to find out possibility of occurring of disease in future. Material & Method: The dermatoglyphic patterns of 100 patients (Cases) (50 male, 50 female) of NIDDM between age group of 40-75 years have been taken. Similarly 100 normal healthy individual (50 male, 50 female) without NIDDM of the same age group have been included in the study as controls. The dermatoglyphic prints in present study have been taken by Ink method. atd angle was measured. Results: Mean atd angle (°) was higher in right hand of cases (43.87°) than controls (40.81°), with P value was 0.002(<0.01). So, it was statistically highly significant while Mean atd angle (°) was higher in left hand of cases (41.58°) than controls (40.27°), with P value was 0.09. So, it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: From the present study, it can be concluded that there is significant difference in atd angle between NIDDM patients and normal individuals. atd angle can be helpful to find out high risk individuals for NIDDM. Key words: dermatoglyphics, atd angle, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Dermatoglyphics: a genetic marker of early childhood caries.

It is an accepted fact that genetics plays an important role in determination of palmar dermatoglyphic patterns. Since caries is a multifactorial disease with the influence of genetic pattern, this study was undertaken to explore the possibility of dermatoglyphics as a noninvasive and early predictor of dental caries in children, so as to initiate preventive oral health measures at an early age. The study group comprised of 200 children aged between 4 and 5 years. The dmfs score was evaluated. The experimental group (Group 1), comprised of 100 children with early childhood caries (ECC) with dmfs >5. The control group (Group 2) comprised of 100 children with dmfs score of 0. An increased frequency of ulnar loops in caries-free children and whorls in children with ECC was observed. Low mean atd angle and low mean. Total ridge count was observed in the ECC group. There is definite variation in dermatoglyphics between the ECC and caries-free group, indicating that dermatoglyphic patterns can be used as a predictive tool for children with ECC.

Quantitative dermatoglyphic analysis in patients of oral sub mucous fibrosis

Background - Dermatoglyphics is the collective name for all those integumentary features within the limits to be defined and it applies to the division of anatomy which includes their study. Diagnosis of many diseases which are genetically or non genetically determined like Diabetes mellitus, Schizophrenia, Hypertension, etc can now be aided by dermatoglyphic analysis. Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic precancerous oral disease, specially seen in guthka chewers, but not all the gutkha chewers develops the disease or non gutkha chewers may also develop the disease. Genetic predisposition explains such individual variability. Such genetic predisposition can be explored with the help of dermatoglyphic studies. Objective- The study was aimed at finding the dermatoglyphic markers for the patients of Oral submucous Fibrosis by assessing the quantitative dermatoglyphic parameters. Method- 100 gutkha chewers without Oral Submucous fibrosis and 100 Gutkha chewers with Oral submucous fibrosis were selected for the study and their quantitative dermatoglypphic analysis with specific reference to total finger ridge count (TFRC) and atd angle was carried out and was statistically analyzed. Result- There was significant decrease in mean TFRC and atd angle for the patients of Oral sub Mucous Fibrosis.